CN113325651B - Liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation device, system and method - Google Patents
Liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation device, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113325651B CN113325651B CN202110647572.9A CN202110647572A CN113325651B CN 113325651 B CN113325651 B CN 113325651B CN 202110647572 A CN202110647572 A CN 202110647572A CN 113325651 B CN113325651 B CN 113325651B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/292—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by controlled diffraction or phased-array beam steering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/293—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by another light beam, i.e. opto-optical deflection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device, a system and a method for compensating the thermal lens effect of a liquid crystal optical phased array, which are applied to the field of liquid crystal optics and aim at the problem that the phase control effect of a device is influenced by the occurrence of the thermal lens effect in the prior art; the compensation device of the invention does not need a heat dissipation component, and has simple structure and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of liquid crystal optics, and particularly relates to a liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation technology.
Background
With the rapid development of high and new technology industries such as aerospace, energy, national defense and the like, the laser technology has the advantage that the laser technology cannot be replaced. In many applications of laser technology, beam pointing control has a wide range of application scenarios. Beam pointing control techniques can be divided into two categories: mechanical and non-mechanical. The liquid crystal optical phased array is one of schemes for realizing non-mechanical light beam pointing control, and has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, high precision, small inertia, agile scanning and the like compared with the traditional mechanical light beam pointing technology.
The liquid crystal optical phased array is mainly prepared in a transmission mode and comprises glass substrates, transparent conductive Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) arrays, orientation layers and liquid crystal materials, wherein the glass substrates are arranged in parallel on the upper layer and the lower layer. The liquid crystal has an electric control birefringence effect, and the liquid crystal optical phased array changes the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal at different electrode positions by loading different voltages between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, so that the emergent light near-field phase meets certain distribution, and the pointing control of light beams is realized. In the infrared band, the absorption rate of ITO to light is higher, and obvious temperature rise can be produced under the continuous action of high-power laser. The liquid crystal is a material sensitive to temperature, and along with the increase of the power of incident laser, the phased array device can present temperature distribution, so that the birefringence difference of liquid crystal molecules is changed, an additional phase modulation is added to the incident light, a thermal lens effect is generated, and the phase control effect of the device is influenced.
The temperature rise of the ITO film layer generated by light absorption is the main reason of the thermal lens effect, but the ITO has better conductivity, and the ITO is a transparent conductive material with the best comprehensive performance at present due to the mature preparation process, so the ITO film is still adopted as the electrode of the liquid crystal optical phased array at present. For transmissive devices, the design of the heat dissipation structure is relatively complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device, a system and a method for compensating the thermal lens effect of a liquid crystal optical phased array, wherein different driving voltages are applied to an annular electrode region of a phase compensation device, so that the annular electrode region is equivalent to a convex lens, thereby compensating for the phase distortion caused by the thermal lens effect.
One of the technical schemes adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a liquid crystal optics phased array thermal lens effect compensation arrangement, is from last to down in proper order: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a second substrate, wherein spherical spacers with the same size are sprayed between the first substrate and the second substrate for supporting;
the first substrate sequentially comprises from top to bottom: the ITO alignment layer comprises first substrate glass, a ring-shaped ITO electrode and a first alignment layer;
the second basement is from last to doing down in proper order: the second orientation layer, the ITO film and the second substrate glass;
the liquid crystal layer is specifically a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are filled between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer.
Comprises a circular electrode area and a plurality of annular electrode areas.
The deflection angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules is changed by applying different driving voltages in different annular electrode areas, so that phase compensation is realized.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: and the circular electrode area and the plurality of annular electrode areas are respectively connected with the output of the voltage control chip through corresponding electrode wires.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a liquid crystal optics phased array thermal lens effect compensating system, includes above-mentioned phase compensation arrangement, still includes: lasers, polarizers, and conventional liquid crystal optical phased arrays; the laser emitted by the laser is modulated into P light after passing through a polaroid, the P light is subjected to phase compensation through a phase compensation device, and finally the phase of the output light is controlled through a traditional liquid crystal optical phased array.
The third technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an electrode structure of the phase compensation device;
s2, preparing a liquid crystal box;
s3, building a test light path, and applying equivalent driving voltages to different annular electrode areas to obtain phase delay quantities of the phase compensation device under different voltage values;
and S4, applying corresponding voltage values to different annular electrode areas by combining the data of phase distortion under the incidence of the laser with different powers, and realizing the compensation of the liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation by using the adjustable device with annular phase distribution on the premise of not changing the structure of the original liquid crystal optical phased array device, does not need a heat dissipation assembly, and has simple structure and convenient operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase compensation device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional liquid crystal optical phased array.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation system according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a liquid crystal molecule refractive index ellipsoid model.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating voltage values corresponding to the search electrode areas;
wherein, fig. 5 (a) is a voltage-phase curve of the phase compensation device of the present invention; FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the phase distortion of the liquid crystal optical phased array under the incidence of 20W laser.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical contents of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The phase compensation device 3 has a structure as shown in the front view of fig. 1, and includes a first substrate 31, a liquid crystal layer 32, and a second substrate 33; the first substrate 31 comprises a first substrate glass 311, an annular ITO electrode 312 and a first orientation layer 313 from top to bottom in sequence, and the second substrate 33 comprises a second orientation layer 331, a common ITO electrode 332 and a second substrate glass 333 from top to bottom in sequence; the liquid crystal layer 32 includes a number of liquid crystal molecules 321, and the liquid crystal molecules 321 are filled between the first and second alignment layers 313 and 333; the spherical spacers 34 with the same size are sprayed between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 33 for supporting, and the thickness of the box is ensured to be uniform. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer was h μm.
The structure of the phase compensation device 3 is similar to that of the conventional liquid crystal optical phased array 4 shown in fig. 2, as shown in the top view of fig. 1, except that the conventional array ITO electrode 412 is changed into the ring electrode 312, the effective clear aperture of the present invention includes a circular electrode area with radius r and m-1 ring electrode areas with width a, the centers of the circular electrode area and the ring electrode area are both located at the center of the device, and the intervals between different electrode areas are b. Numbered i along the radial direction from the center of the device. The device thus has a total of m electrode areas. Wherein r is equal to the incident laser light waist, a and b should be the minimum values under the process realizable condition, and m is adjusted to a specific numerical value according to the clear aperture size. For example, in the case where the incident laser beam waist is 0.25cm and the clear aperture is 2 × 2cm, r =0.25cm, a =3 μm, b =2 μm, and m =1501. Each electrode area is connected with the output of the voltage control chip through an electrode wire with the width of 1 mu m, so that independent voltage regulation and control of different electrode areas are realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the conventional liquid crystal optical phased array 4 structure includes: a first substrate 41, a liquid crystal layer 42, and a second substrate 43; the first substrate 41 comprises a first substrate glass 411, an ITO electrode 412 and a first orientation layer 413 from top to bottom, and the second substrate 43 comprises a second orientation layer 431, an ITO electrode 432 and a second substrate glass 433 from top to bottom; the liquid crystal layer 42 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 421, and the liquid crystal molecules 421 are filled between the first alignment layer 413 and the second alignment layer 433; the spherical spacers 44 of the same size are sprayed between the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 43 for supporting, and the thickness of the cell is ensured to be uniform.
Compensation principle:
as shown in fig. 3, the compensation system includes: the device comprises a laser 1, a polaroid 2, a phase compensation device 3 and a traditional liquid crystal optical phased array 4; emergent laser of the laser 1 sequentially passes through a polaroid 2, a phase compensation device 3 and a traditional liquid crystal optical phased array 4, the width of the phase compensation device in the x direction is d, the width of the phase compensation device in the y direction is d, incident light enters along the z direction, the incident light is modulated into P light after passing through the polaroid 2, and the polarization direction of the P light is the x direction.
When laser passes through the liquid crystal optical phased array, the ITO film layer absorbs the laser to a certain extent, and the electromagnetic energy of the light beam is partially converted into heat. In the case of a liquid crystal, the liquid crystal,
wherein n is the refractive index of the medium, and T is the outside temperature. After the laser irradiates the device, the device is annularly distributed with high central temperature and low peripheral temperature, so that the middle refractive index is small, the peripheral refractive index is large, and the device is equivalent to a concave lens, and therefore, the light beam can generate phase distortion.
The liquid crystal is a material with electrically controlled birefringence, and the liquid crystal molecular director in the phase compensation device is controlled when the driving voltage is greater than the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal
It rotates in the direction of the electric field, so that the refractive index of the extraordinary ray (e-ray) changes. After the light beam passes through the liquid crystal cell, the emergent light of the extraordinary ray (e light) and the ordinary ray (o light) generates optical path difference, so that corresponding phase delay is generated. The annular electrode distribution of the compensation device and the adjustment of a precise circuit can ensure that the birefringence difference at the center of the phase compensation device is large, the phase retardation amount is large, the birefringence difference at the periphery is small, the phase retardation amount is small, and the phase compensation device is equivalent to a convex lens, so that the phase distortion caused by the thermal effect is compensated.
The liquid crystal is generally considered to be a uniaxial crystal, and the anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules can be analyzed using a refractive index ellipsoid model. As shown in fig. 4, incident light wavesSagittal direction
The included angle between the liquid crystal molecule and the director direction is theta, and the length of the semiminor axis of the liquid crystal molecule refractive index ellipsoid is n ⊥ The length of semimajor axis of ellipsoid of refractive index of liquid crystal molecule is n || . The refractive index of e light forming an angle theta with the director is
Wherein n is e Is the e optical refractive index.
Refractive index n of o light o ＝n ⊥ As a constant, birefringence of the liquid crystal
Δn(θ)＝n e -n o
The incident light passing through the whole liquid crystal cell corresponds to a phase retardation of
Wherein k is 0 =2 pi/λ, λ being the wavelength of the incident light.
Therefore, the deflection angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules can be changed by applying different driving voltages in different annular electrode regions to realize a convex lens-like phase modulation effect, thereby compensating for phase distortion caused by temperature distribution.
The compensation method comprises the following steps:
1) And preparing an electrode structure of the phase compensation device. The corresponding electrode pattern was prepared on the ITO-coated glass substrate according to the structure shown in fig. 1, using standard semiconductor photolithography etching process.
2) The standard box forming process method and process parameters for preparing the phase compensation device by adopting the positive nematic liquid crystal device comprise the following steps: PI (solidification), PI orientation, lamination and crystal filling. Wherein: the orientation direction is parallel orientation along the surface, the cell thickness is h micrometers, and the liquid crystal material is positive nematic liquid crystal.
3) Combining the data of the phase distortion of the liquid crystal optical phased array under the incidence of the laser with different powers to obtain the phase distortion quantity delta phi i And i is the electrode number.
4) The voltage-phase relationship was tested. And (3) building a standard quarter-wave plate method test phase light path, applying equivalent driving voltages to different annular electrode areas, and obtaining phase delay amount of the phase compensation device under different voltage values, namely a voltage-phase relation curve of the phase compensation device.
5) Finding delta phi according to the voltage-phase curve of the phase compensation device i Corresponding U i The actual voltage value of the ith electrode area of the phase compensation device.
For example, in the case of 20W laser incidence, the distorted phase of the liquid crystal optical phased array is shown in fig. 5 (a). The 1 st electrode region of the phase compensation device is located at X 1 ＝[-0.25,0.25]At 500 th electrode region is located at X 500 ＝[0.5-3*10e -4 ,0.5]Where the corresponding phase distortion is in turn Δ φ 1 ＝2-1.8＝0.2rad，Δφ 500 =2-1.8125=0.1875rad. From the voltage-phase curve of the phase compensation device, i.e. FIG. 5 (b), Δ φ is looked up 1 Voltage value U corresponding to =0.2rad 1 ＝4V，Δφ 500 Voltage value U corresponding to =0.1875rad 500 ＝3.9V，U 1 、U 500 The voltage values applied at the 1 st and 500 th electrode areas of the phase compensation device, respectively. And by analogy, the voltage values applied to the rest electrode areas are obtained according to the method.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a liquid crystal optics phased array thermal lens effect compensation arrangement which is characterized in that, from last to down in proper order: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a second substrate, wherein spherical spacers with the same size are sprayed between the first substrate and the second substrate for supporting;
the first substrate is sequentially provided with: the ITO alignment layer comprises first substrate glass, a ring-shaped ITO electrode and a first alignment layer;
the second substrate sequentially comprises from top to bottom: the second orientation layer, the ITO film and the second substrate glass;
the liquid crystal layer is specifically a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are filled between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer;
the liquid crystal display device comprises a circular electrode area and a plurality of annular electrode areas, and the deflection angle of the director of liquid crystal molecules is changed by applying different driving voltages in different annular electrode areas so as to realize phase compensation; the difference of birefringence at the center of the phase compensation device is large, the phase retardation amount is large, the difference of birefringence at the periphery is small, and the phase retardation is small.
2. The device for compensating the thermal lens effect of the liquid crystal optical phased array according to claim 1, further comprising: and the circular electrode area and the plurality of annular electrode areas are respectively connected with the output of the voltage control chip through corresponding electrode wires.
3. A thermal lens effect compensation system for a liquid crystal optical phased array, comprising the thermal lens effect compensation apparatus for a liquid crystal optical phased array as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising: lasers, polarizers, and conventional liquid crystal optical phased arrays; the laser emitted by the laser is modulated into P light after passing through a polaroid, the phase distortion of the P light is compensated through a phase compensation device, and finally the phase of the output light is controlled through a traditional liquid crystal optical phased array.
4. A liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an electrode structure of the liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect compensation device according to claim 1 or 2;
s2, preparing a liquid crystal box;
s3, building a test light path, and applying equivalent driving voltages to different annular electrode areas to obtain phase delay amounts of the phase compensation device under different voltage values;
and S4, applying corresponding voltage values to different annular electrode areas by combining the data of phase distortion under the incidence of the laser with different powers, and realizing the compensation of the liquid crystal optical phased array thermal lens effect.
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| CN117083566A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-11-17 | 成都耶塔科技有限责任公司 | Liquid crystal optical device, liquid crystal lens array, electronic product and manufacturing method |
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| KR100667790B1 (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2007-01-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Liquid crystal device for compensating birefringence and optical pickup and optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus employing it |
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