CN109709739B - Short-focus liquid crystal lens - Google Patents
Short-focus liquid crystal lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN109709739B CN109709739B CN201910202648.XA CN201910202648A CN109709739B CN 109709739 B CN109709739 B CN 109709739B CN 201910202648 A CN201910202648 A CN 201910202648A CN 109709739 B CN109709739 B CN 109709739B
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Abstract
The invention provides a short-focus liquid crystal lens which comprises an upper glass substrate, a transparent plane common electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a high dielectric layer, a central transparent common electrode, a low dielectric layer, a transparent pixel electrode and a lower glass substrate. Voltage is applied to the transparent pixel electrodes, the distribution of director of liquid crystal molecules is changed by the partial pressure effect of the low dielectric layer on the two ends of the central transparent common electrode and the high dielectric layer and the central transparent common electrode, so that a larger refractive index difference is generated between the center of the lens and the edge of the lens, the adjustment of a short focal length is realized, and the refractive index distribution inside the liquid crystal layer is in a centrosymmetric gradient shape, thereby obtaining ideal parabolic phase distribution. Applying appropriate voltages to the transparent pixel electrodes results in a large difference in refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules at the center and edge of the lens, resulting in a shorter focal length. In addition, the focus of the short-focus liquid crystal lens is continuously adjusted by changing the voltage applied to the transparent pixel electrode, and the liquid crystal lens is simple in manufacturing process and driving mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of liquid crystal lenses, in particular to a short-focus liquid crystal lens.
Background
The liquid crystal lens has the advantages of tunability, low power consumption, light structure and the like, and can be applied to three-dimensional display, tunable photonic devices, image processing and the like.
In order to realize the liquid crystal lens with tunable focal length, a reasonable electrode structure needs to be designed to obtain a gradient refractive index distribution with central symmetry. For this reason, expert scholars have proposed liquid crystal lenses of various electrode structures, such as a hole-shaped electrode structure, a multi-electrode structure, a surface relief structure, and the like. The liquid crystal lens with the hole-shaped electrode structure is very simple to manufacture, but the response time of liquid crystal is very slow due to the fact that the liquid crystal layer is thick; in the multi-electrode structure, the parabolic phase distribution can be obtained by applying different voltages to each electrode, but the driving mode is complex; the liquid crystal micro lens having the relief structure of the surface relief profile easily obtains a desired refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal layer, however, the relief surface of each lens is difficult to be photoetched into a perfect spherical surface, and in addition, for the liquid crystal lens having an uneven inner surface, the orientation unevenness of liquid crystal molecules causes scattering of light. Therefore, simplification of the process and thinning of the liquid crystal layer while obtaining a liquid crystal lens with good optical performance remain a challenging task.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a short-focus liquid crystal lens which is simple in manufacturing process, simple in driving mode and excellent in performance.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the liquid crystal display panel comprises an upper glass substrate, a transparent plane common electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a high dielectric layer, a central transparent common electrode, a low dielectric layer, a transparent pixel electrode and a lower glass substrate.
The liquid crystal layer is nematic liquid crystal, is thin and uniform in thickness and is oriented in an up-down antiparallel manner.
The high dielectric layer is made of a transparent dielectric material with a high dielectric coefficient, the dielectric coefficient is between 800 and 2000, and the high dielectric layer is used for smoothing phase distribution in the liquid crystal layer; the low dielectric layer is made of a transparent dielectric material with a low dielectric coefficient, the dielectric coefficient is 3-12, and the low dielectric layer is used for sharing voltage on two sides of the central transparent common electrode so as to generate centrosymmetric gradient refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal layer; the low dielectric layer is plated in the middle of the transparent pixel electrode, and the thickness of the high dielectric layer is larger than that of the low dielectric layer.
The transparent plane common electrode, the central transparent common electrode and the transparent pixel electrode are made of transparent conductive materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO); the transparent plane common electrode and the central transparent common electrode are grounded, and voltage is applied to the transparent pixel electrode; the central transparent common electrode is plated at the central position of the surface of the low dielectric layer, the transparent plane common electrode is plated on the inner surface of the upper glass substrate, and the horizontal direction of liquid crystal molecules above the central transparent common electrode is kept by matching with the central transparent common electrode; the width of the central transparent common electrode is smaller than that of the transparent pixel electrode, and the transparent pixel electrodes are plated on the lower glass substrate and have the same gap; the thicknesses of the transparent plane common electrode, the central transparent common electrode and the transparent pixel electrode are the same.
The short-focus liquid crystal lens provided by the invention is composed of an upper glass substrate, a transparent plane common electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a high dielectric layer, a central transparent common electrode, a low dielectric layer, a transparent pixel electrode and a lower glass substrate, and has the advantages of simple manufacturing process and simple driving mode. Voltage is applied to the transparent pixel electrodes, the distribution of director of liquid crystal molecules is changed by the partial pressure effect of the low dielectric layer on the two ends of the central transparent common electrode and the high dielectric layer and the central transparent common electrode, so that a larger refractive index difference is generated between the center of the lens and the edge of the lens, the adjustment of a short focal length is realized, and the refractive index distribution inside the liquid crystal layer is in a centrosymmetric gradient shape, thereby obtaining ideal parabolic phase distribution. Furthermore, the continuous adjustment of the focal length of the short focal length liquid crystal lens is achieved by changing the voltage applied across the transparent pixel electrodes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-focus liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a refractive index profile of a short focal length liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a phase distribution diagram of a single lens of a short focal length liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a voltage-focal length graph of a short focal length liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1 upper glass substrate, 2 transparent plane common electrode, 3 liquid crystal layer, 4 high dielectric layer, 5 central transparent common electrode, 6 low dielectric layer, 7 transparent pixel electrode, 8 lower glass substrate.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will be able to more fully understand the present invention, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn according to original dimensions.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-focus liquid crystal lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the liquid crystal lens includes an upper glass substrate, a transparent planar common electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a high dielectric layer, a central transparent common electrode, a low dielectric layer, a transparent pixel electrode, and a lower glass substrate; the transparent plane common electrode, the central transparent common electrode and the transparent pixel electrode are made of ITO, the central transparent common electrode is plated in the central position of the surface of the low dielectric layer, the transparent plane common electrode is plated on the inner surface of the upper glass substrate and is matched with the central transparent common electrode to keep the horizontal direction of liquid crystal molecules above the central transparent common electrode, the width of the central transparent common electrode is smaller than that of the transparent pixel electrode, the transparent pixel electrode is plated on the lower glass substrate, the gaps are the same, and the thicknesses of the transparent plane common electrode, the central transparent common electrode and the transparent pixel electrode are the same; the high dielectric layer is made of transparent dielectric materials with high dielectric coefficient, the low dielectric layer is made of transparent dielectric materials with low dielectric coefficient, the low dielectric layer is made of polyimide, the high dielectric layer is used for smoothing phase distribution in the liquid crystal layer, and the low dielectric layer is used for sharing voltage on two sides of the central transparent common electrode to generate centrosymmetric gradient refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal layer; the liquid crystal layer adopts nematic liquid crystal, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is uniform; the rubbing direction of the surface of the high dielectric layer is vertical to the direction of the central transparent common electrode and the transparent pixel electrode, a thin polyimide orientation layer is coated on the upper glass substrate, and the rubbing is carried out in the anti-parallel direction according to the rubbing direction of the surface of the high dielectric layer, so that liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel. The transparent planar common electrode and the central transparent common electrode are grounded, and a voltage is applied to the transparent pixel electrode. Through the partial pressure effect of the low dielectric layer on two ends of the central transparent common electrode, the director distribution of liquid crystal molecules is changed by matching with the high dielectric layer and the central transparent common electrode, so that a larger refractive index difference is generated between the center of the lens and the edge of the lens, the short focal length is adjustable, and the refractive index distribution inside the liquid crystal layer is in a centrosymmetric gradient shape, thereby obtaining ideal parabolic phase distribution. The continuous adjustment of the focal length of the short focal length liquid crystal lens is achieved by varying the voltage applied across the transparent pixel electrodes.
The characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal material used in this example were: the material of the nematic liquid crystal has a refractive index no＝1.517，ne1.741; wave inWhen the length λ was 550nm, the saturated birefringence was 0.224 and the dielectric constant was 11.4.
In this embodiment, the total thickness d of the liquid crystal lens is 35 μm, and the thickness d of the liquid crystal layerLC15 μm, thickness d of the high dielectric layer 220 μm, dielectric constant 1000, thickness d of low dielectric layer 16 μm, width l 103 μm, dielectric constant 3.8, width w of the central transparent common electrode0The width w of the transparent pixel electrodes is 5 μm, the gap between the transparent pixel electrodes is a single lens area of the short-focus liquid crystal lens, and the gap g of the transparent pixel electrodes is 113 μm, that is, the radius R of each lens of the short-focus liquid crystal lens is 56.5 μm.
FIG. 2 is a refractive index distribution graph of a short focal length liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the abscissa indicates the distance from the center of the lens to both sides of the lens, the origin of the abscissa is the center position of the lens, and the voltage V applied to a transparent pixel electrode is 2.4Vrms. At this time, a large refractive index difference 0.1077 is obtained between the lens center and the lens edge, and the inside of the liquid crystal layer has a centrosymmetric refractive index distribution and a good parabolic shape.
FIG. 3 is a phase diagram of a short-focus liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the abscissa indicates the distance from the center of the lens to both sides of the lens, the origin of the abscissa is the center position of the lens, and the voltage V applied to the transparent pixel electrode is 2.4Vrms. The dotted line represents the phase distribution curve of the incident polarized light with the polarization direction parallel to the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and the solid line represents the parabola of the ideal lens. Particularly, the phase at the center of the liquid crystal lens is zero, the phase difference between the center of the lens and the edge of the lens is 5.87 pi, and the phase distribution of the incident polarized light is well matched with an ideal parabola, so that the spherical aberration is reduced, and the imaging quality of the lens is improved.
FIG. 4 is a focal length-voltage graph of a short focal length liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the voltage applied to the transparent pixel electrode is from 0VrmsIncreased to 2.4VrmsWhen the refractive index difference between the center of the lens and the edge of the lens is larger and larger, the focal length of the lens can be continuously adjusted from infinity to 0.988 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. A short-focus liquid crystal lens comprises an upper glass substrate, a transparent plane common electrode, a nematic liquid crystal layer, a high dielectric layer, a central transparent common electrode, a low dielectric layer, a transparent pixel electrode and a lower glass substrate, wherein the transparent plane common electrode is arranged on the inner surface of the upper glass substrate, the transparent pixel electrode, the low dielectric layer, the central transparent common electrode and the high dielectric layer are arranged on the inner surface of the lower glass substrate, the nematic liquid crystal layer is arranged between the two glass substrates, the high dielectric layer is made of a transparent dielectric material with a high dielectric coefficient, the low dielectric layer is made of a transparent dielectric material with a low dielectric coefficient, the low dielectric layer is plated in the middle of the transparent pixel electrode, the width of the low dielectric layer is smaller than the distance between the two adjacent transparent pixel electrodes, the central transparent common electrode is plated in the central position of the surface of the low dielectric layer and is in a grounding state, the width of the dielectric layer is smaller than that of the low dielectric layer, the high dielectric layer is plated on the lower glass substrate, the transparent pixel electrode, the low dielectric layer and the central transparent common electrode, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is larger than that of the low dielectric layer.
2. The short focal length liquid crystal lens of claim 1, wherein the transparent planar common electrode and the central transparent common electrode are grounded, and a voltage is applied to the transparent pixel electrode.
3. The short focal length liquid crystal lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the central transparent common electrode is smaller than the width of the transparent pixel electrode.
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| CN110579921A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Isotropic liquid crystal lens array based on resistance layer |
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