CN113324856A - Device and method for testing impact toughness of concrete material - Google Patents
Device and method for testing impact toughness of concrete material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete material impact toughness testing device and a testing method. The device is simple to operate, high in control precision, scientific and effective in evaluation method, capable of comprehensively, truly, conveniently, accurately and efficiently carrying out impact test and impact toughness evaluation on the concrete material, and providing technical support for concrete material design and parameter selection under the action of dynamic load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the concrete performance measurement technology, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the impact toughness of a concrete material.
Background
Concrete is a brittle material, and the compression resistance is usually dominant in the prior performance design process. With the further development of concrete material science, the single material performance design can not meet the requirements of engineering construction, and the high-toughness concrete can be produced at the same time. In order to improve the toughness of concrete, a plurality of toughness components are added to the prepared concrete, such as steel fibers, emulsified asphalt, rubber particles, and the like, but each toughness component has different increasing degree and effect on the toughness of the concrete, so that the toughness components need to be selected according to functional requirements in concrete design. For the concrete structure in service period, besides the static load bearing effect, impact disturbance of external load can occur occasionally, such as traffic accident, engineering rockfall, vehicle braking and the like, the research on the impact toughness of the concrete is carried out, and quantitative means and design basis can be provided for improving the durability of the concrete structure under the impact load.
In order to better select the impact toughness of a concrete structure as required, the accurate test and quantitative evaluation method research of the impact toughness of the concrete material are necessary.
In the research of the dynamic response of the existing concrete structure to the impact, three devices, namely a drop type device, a gliding type device and a pendulum type device, are mainly used. The pendulum impact test device has the smallest energy consumption, for example, Chinese patent application with application number 201110349742.1 discloses a test evaluation device for impact toughness of concrete materials, a continuously rotating cam is utilized to drive an iron casting to impact a steel ball above a concrete test piece to impact and load the test piece, but due to insufficient impact energy, further enhancement and improvement are needed, in the existing research, the impact energy is improved mainly by increasing the weight of the pendulum, increasing the starting energy of the pendulum and increasing the starting height of the pendulum, the way of increasing the weight of the pendulum is direct, but larger impact energy is obtained, the difficulty of operation is increased when the weight of the pendulum is too large, and the replacement is troublesome; and the starting height for lifting the pendulum bob is very limited to help increase impact energy under the condition that the weight of the pendulum bob is not heavy, but the higher the height of the pendulum bob is adjusted, the higher the requirement on equipment site is, and the operation and the implementation of a test are inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem of insufficient impact energy of the existing pendulum test device, a novel concrete material impact toughness test device and a test method are provided.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material comprises a support 1, a swinging rod 2, a pendulum bob component 3, a test piece component 4 and a fixing frame 5; the support 1 is fixed, one end of the swinging rod 2 is hinged with the support 1, the other end of the swinging rod freely swings, and the pendulum bob component 3 is arranged at the swinging end of the swinging rod 2; the pendulum assembly 3 comprises a pendulum 31, a spring 33 and a pendulum platform 35, the pendulum 31 is fixed with the swinging end of the swinging rod 2, the pendulum 31 is limited to the maximum swinging angle position through the pendulum platform 35, the pendulum platform 35 is arranged on the fixed frame 5 through a movable locking piece, the spring 33 is adjustably arranged on the fixed frame 5, and the pendulum is loaded with variable elastic load towards the swinging direction of the pendulum 31 at the maximum swinging angle position of the pendulum; the test piece assembly 4 is fixedly arranged on the swing track of the pendulum 31.
In the device for testing impact toughness of concrete materials of the present invention, further, the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 is hinged and arranged on the fixed mount 5, wherein a force arm section is a limiting supporting platform of the pendulum bob 31, and the other force arm section is locked with the fixed mount 5 through a movable locking piece.
In the concrete material impact toughness testing device of the present invention, further, the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 includes two sets of L-shaped steel plates symmetrically arranged, the two sets of L-shaped steel plates are respectively hinged with the fixing frame 5 at the bending position, the same bending sections of the two sets of L-shaped steel plates are arranged in a split manner, and the other bending section is connected to the movable locking piece.
In the concrete material impact toughness testing device of the invention, further, the fixed mount 5 above the pendulum bearing platform 35 is provided with a spring platform upper plate 37 and a spring platform bottom plate 38 in a guiding way through a guiding upright post 51, the spring 33 is clamped between the spring platform upper plate 37 and the spring platform bottom plate 38, the spring platform bottom plate 38 is contacted with the pendulum on the pendulum bearing platform 35 and presses the pendulum through the spring, the guiding upright post 51 above the spring platform upper plate 37 is provided with an adjusting nut 32 in a screwing way, the adjusting nut 32 adjusts the spring platform upper plate 37 to move towards the spring platform bottom plate 38, and the compression spring 33 generates elastic load to the pendulum.
In the concrete material impact toughness testing device of the invention, furthermore, a fixing nut 34 is also assembled on the guide column 51 between the spring platform bottom plate 38 and the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 in a threaded manner, and the limit position of the spring platform bottom plate is limited by the fixing nut so as to prevent collision with the pendulum bob bearing platform.
In the device for testing impact toughness of a concrete material, further, the movable locking piece is an electromagnetic suction disc 36, and the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 is fixed with the steel component of the fixing frame 5 in a magnetic attraction manner through the electromagnetic suction disc 36.
In the device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material, further, the electromagnetic suction disc 36 has a load detection module, and the load detection module is in communication connection with the data acquisition system 7.
In the concrete material impact toughness testing device of the invention, the test piece assembly 4 comprises a concrete test piece 45 and a first reaction frame 41 and a second reaction frame 42 for positioning the concrete test piece 45, the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42 are fixedly arranged at two sides of a pendulum swinging track, one side surface of the concrete test piece 45 is simultaneously clung to the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42, a displacement meter 46 is arranged at the side surface, the pendulum 31 impacts the other side surface of the concrete test piece 45, a strain gauge for detecting impact stress is arranged on the impact surface of the pendulum 31, and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are in communication connection with the data acquisition system 7.
In the device for testing impact toughness of a concrete material of the present invention, further, reaction frame beams are respectively disposed on the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42, and directly abut against the concrete sample as two loading support points, and a pendulum mass beam 39 is disposed on an impact surface of the pendulum mass 31 and serves as a third loading point forming a three-point bending load with the reaction frame beams.
The invention also discloses a method for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material, and the testing device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a concrete test piece;
secondly, placing the formed surface of the concrete sample downwards at a reaction frame of the sample assembly, fixing the concrete sample to be tightly attached to a loading fulcrum on the reaction frame, placing the displacement meter at the center of the side surface of the concrete sample close to one side of the reaction frame for fixing, vertically and lightly contacting the sample in the horizontal direction, and connecting the displacement meter and a strain gauge on the pendulum bob into a data acquisition system;
thirdly, the pendulum bob is placed on a pendulum bob bearing platform, the pendulum bob bearing platform locks and limits the pendulum bob at the position of the maximum swing angle after being electrified through an electromagnetic suction disc, elastic load is applied to the pendulum bob through the compression amount of an adjusting spring, a data acquisition system acquires the load of the pendulum bob through the electromagnetic suction disc, and when the load force value detected by the electromagnetic suction disc reaches test load, the electromagnetic suction disc is powered off, and the pendulum bob is released to impact a concrete test piece;
fourthly, exporting data detected by a data acquisition system, converting the strain gauge data into stress through a formula (1),
σ＝E·ε (1)
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the steel beam, epsilon is the collected strain,
then drawing a stress displacement curve in the process of impact failure of the concrete sample, calculating the area enclosed by the curve and a displacement coordinate axis when the curve has the maximum stress, evaluating the impact toughness I of the concrete material, wherein the specific calculation of the impact toughness is as shown in a formula (2),
in the formula: f. ofmThe corresponding mid-span displacement value is the maximum stress; f (sigma, f) is the obtained stress deflection curve; a is the cross-sectional area of the test piece.
According to the invention, the initial load of the pendulum bob swinging to impact the test piece is adjusted through the spring, the energy of the pendulum bob swinging to start is changed through the compression spring, the prepared concrete test piece is placed on the test component, the energy of the pendulum bob starting to start is changed through the compression spring, the triggering of the pendulum bob is controlled through cutting off the electromagnetic suction disc, and the power supply is cut off to release the pendulum bob. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic suction disc can monitor the initial load of the pendulum bob, so that the impact failure test degree of the concrete material is accurately controlled, a stress-displacement curve is obtained by recording the strain and displacement changes in the impact process in real time and synchronously through a data acquisition system, the impact toughness of the concrete material is evaluated by the area enclosed by the maximum stress and a displacement coordinate axis in the curve, and the evaluation is more visual and scientific.
In conclusion, the testing device provided by the invention is simple to operate, high in control precision, scientific and effective in testing method, and capable of comprehensively, truly, conveniently, accurately and efficiently evaluating the impact test and impact toughness of the concrete material, and provides technical support for the design and parameter selection of the concrete material under the action of dynamic load.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a device for testing impact toughness of a concrete material in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pendulum assembly of the embodiment in which the pendulum assembly is limited on the fixing frame.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a test piece assembly in the example.
FIG. 4 is a stress-displacement curve of the concrete specimen in the example after the test.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-bracket, 2-swinging rod, 3-pendulum assembly, 31-pendulum, 32-adjusting nut, 33-spring, 34-fixing nut, 35-pendulum bearing platform, 36-electromagnetic suction disc, 37-spring platform upper plate, 38-spring platform bottom plate, 39-pendulum cross beam, 4-test piece assembly, 41-first reaction frame, 42-second reaction frame, 43-first reaction frame cross beam, 44-second reaction frame cross beam, 45-concrete test piece, 46-displacement meter, 5-fixing frame, 51-guide upright post, 6-switch and 7-data acquisition system.
Detailed Description
Examples
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the concrete material impact toughness testing device and the evaluation method provided by the present invention are tested according to the following detailed testing procedures with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a concrete material impact toughness testing apparatus is shown as an embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a support 1, a swinging rod 2, a pendulum assembly 3, a test piece assembly 4, a fixing frame 5, a switch 6 and a data acquisition system 7, wherein support 1 and mount 5 are fixed the setting respectively, support 1 is the fixed bolster of pendulum, pendulum subassembly 3 is installed on support 1 through the swing of swinging arms 2, test piece subassembly 4 will await measuring the fixed setting of concrete test piece on the swing orbit of pendulum subassembly 3, pendulum subassembly 3 carries out the impact test through swing striking test piece subassembly, mount 5 is used for supplementary initial swinging position of injecing pendulum subassembly 3 and the swing initial load of cooperation adjustment pendulum subassembly 3, switch 6 triggers the control testing arrangement and starts, data acquisition system 7 collects the experimental parameter signal among the striking test procedure.
The support 1 is in a tripod structure, one end of a swinging rod 2 is hinged with the top end of the support 1, the other end of the swinging rod freely swings, a pendulum assembly 3 is arranged at the swinging end of the swinging rod 2, and the pendulum assembly 3 is arranged on the support 1 through the swinging rod 2 and can freely swing without any interference with the support of the support 1; the fixed frame 5 is fixedly arranged on one side of the support 1, the fixed frame 5 and the swing track of the pendulum assembly 3 intersect, and the intersection position is the swing initial position of the pendulum assembly 3, namely the maximum swing angle position of the pendulum assembly 3 swinging to impact a concrete sample.
Referring to fig. 2 in combination, the pendulum assembly 3 forms an intersection with the fixed frame 5 when swinging to a horizontal position through the swinging rod 2, the pendulum assembly 3 specifically includes a pendulum 31, an adjusting nut 32, a spring 33, a fixing nut 34, a pendulum bearing platform 35, an electromagnetic suction disc 36, a spring platform upper plate 37, a spring platform bottom plate 38 and a pendulum cross beam 39, wherein the pendulum 31 is directly fixed to the swinging end of the swinging rod 2, the pendulum 31 swings through the swinging rod 2 to impact a concrete sample, the pendulum bearing platform 35 is movably locked on the fixed frame 5, when the pendulum bearing platform 35 is locked on the fixed frame 5, the pendulum 31 is limited to a maximum swing angle position through the pendulum bearing platform 35, the pendulum bearing platform 35 is controlled to unlock, and the pendulum 31 can be triggered to swing downwards under the action of gravity. The spring 33 is arranged on the fixed frame 5, after the pendulum bob 31 is limited on the pendulum bob bearing platform 35, the adjusting spring 33 acts on the pendulum bob 31, the elastic acting force applied to the pendulum bob 31 by the spring 33 is the elastic load increased under the initial energy of the gravity of the pendulum bob, and the size of the elastic load can be adjusted by controlling the elastic compression amount of the spring 33 so as to adapt to different test requirements without replacing pendulum bob with different mass or adjusting the swing height of the pendulum bob.
The pendulum bob bearing platform 35 is hinged on the fixed frame 5 by adopting a lever structure, a hinge fulcrum is taken as a fulcrum, a force arm section on one side of the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 is taken as a limiting supporting platform of the pendulum bob 31, a force arm section on the other side is fixedly connected with the fixed frame 5 through a movable locking piece, the pendulum bob 31 is swung and placed on the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 under the locking state between the movable locking piece and the fixed frame, the pendulum bob 31 is limited at the maximum swinging angle state under the lever action of the pendulum bob bearing platform 35, after the movable locking piece and the fixed frame are unlocked, the pendulum bob bearing platform 35 is in a free swinging state, the limitation on the pendulum bob 31 is removed, and the pendulum bob 31 swings downwards under the action of initial load.
Specifically in this embodiment, pendulum cushion cap 35 is two sets of symmetrical arrangement's L shaped steel board, and two sets of L shaped steel boards are respectively in the department of bending and 5 hinge installations of mount, and two sections of bending of L shaped steel board are two power arm sections of pendulum cushion cap 35 respectively, and two sets of same sections of bending of L shaped steel board set up relatively and set up to opening from opposite directions down, as the spacing supporting platform of pendulum cushion cap, and another section of bending is connected to the activity locking piece of pendulum cushion cap separately respectively. Synchronous action between the movable locking piece of two sets of L type steel sheets, under two sets of L type steel sheets were for locking this state, two sections planes of bending as the spacing supporting platform of pendulum keep the level to keep the spacing locking to the pendulum, when two sets of movable locking piece unblock in step, two sets of L type steel sheets are opened as two sections downswing of bending of the spacing supporting platform of pendulum, and the pendulum falls from the intervallum swing.
In this embodiment, pendulum cushion cap 35 adopts electromagnetic suction dish 36 as the movable locking piece, mount 5 sets up the steel member that has magnetism nature of inhaling in pendulum cushion cap 35 hinge one side, under the spacing supporting platform who keeps pendulum cushion cap 35 swings to the horizontality, the steel member between the section plane of bending of its outside and mount 5 keeps parallel, electromagnetic suction dish 36 sets up between this section plane of bending of pendulum cushion cap 35 and steel member, it is fixed to pass through electromagnetic suction locking after the circular telegram with both, electromagnetic suction dish can be through fixing on the section of bending of pendulum cushion cap 35, or fix and carry out magnetism with another part on the steel member of mount 5 and be connected. The electromagnetic suction discs 36 of the two groups of L-shaped steel plates of the pendulum bearing platform 35 are synchronously powered on and powered off through a circuit controlled by the switch 6, so that the synchronous action of the two groups of L-shaped steel plates is ensured, the electromagnetic suction discs of the embodiment adopt circular electromagnetic suction discs of model ZYE1-P100/40 produced by Zhengyong electromechanical limited company in Leqing, the maximum suction force is 1.2KN, the two groups of L-shaped steel plates of the pendulum bearing platform 35 are respectively arranged in 1 pair, namely the maximum suction force to the L-shaped steel plates can be 2.4KN, a control circuit related to the electromagnetic suction discs is mature prior art, and the embodiment is not repeated.
Regarding the arrangement of the springs 33, in the present embodiment, four sets of guide posts 51 are provided on the fixed frame 5 above the pendulum support platform 35, the spring platform upper plate 37 and the spring platform bottom plate 38 are assembled by guiding the guide posts 51, the spring platform upper plate 37 is on the upper side, the spring platform bottom plate 38 is on the lower side, a plurality of sets of springs 33 are clamped between the spring platform upper plate 37 and the spring platform bottom plate 38, and the spring platform bottom plate 38 is in contact with the pendulum on the pendulum support platform 35 and presses the pendulum through the springs. The guide upright post 51 is provided with external threads, the guide upright post 51 above the spring platform upper plate 37 is assembled with the adjusting nut 32 in a threaded manner, the adjusting nut 32 is rotated to move up and down on the guide upright post, the adjusting spring platform upper plate 37 moves towards the spring platform bottom plate 38 oppositely, the spring 33 is compressed to generate elastic load to the pendulum, and different elastic loads can be applied to the pendulum by adjusting the compression deformation of the spring 33.
After the pendulum 31 is released through the pendulum platform 35, the spring platform bottom plate 38 is also released freely under the elastic action of the spring, and in order to avoid the spring platform bottom plate 38 from hitting the pendulum platform, the fixing nut 34 is further assembled on the guide post 51 between the spring platform bottom plate 38 and the pendulum platform 35 in a threaded manner, and the limit position of downward movement of the spring platform bottom plate is limited by the fixing nut 34.
In this embodiment, the swing initial load of the pendulum 31 is a variable, in order to accurately set the initial load of the pendulum, the electromagnetic suction disc 36 selected for use in this embodiment has a load detection module, the load detection module is in communication connection with the data acquisition system 7, the acting force of the pendulum 31 on the pendulum platform 35 is transmitted to the electromagnetic suction disc 36 through the lever acting force of the L-shaped steel plate, and is sensed and monitored by the load detection module thereon, and the data is transmitted to the data acquisition system 7 for display, so that the load can be accurately adjusted to a set value. Before the test, pendulum 31 swings in opposite directions and places and stew on the pendulum cushion cap 35 of locking, the L shaped steel board of pendulum cushion cap 35 is fixed through electromagnetic suction dish 36 and the steel panel magnetism on the mount 5, exert variable load through screwing up adjusting nut 32 to the spring of pendulum top, the pendulum is at self weight load P2 and spring and is exerted and to stew under variable load P1 combined action and support limit platform center at pendulum cushion cap 35, after reaching required experimental load through the monitoring of electromagnetic suction dish 36, press switch 6 control electromagnetic suction dish outage, release pendulum striking concrete test piece.
Referring to fig. 3 in combination, the specimen assembly 4 of the present embodiment specifically includes a first reaction frame 41, a second reaction frame 42, a first reaction frame beam 43, a second reaction frame beam 44, a concrete specimen 45 and a displacement meter 46, as shown in fig. 1, the specimen assembly 4 is disposed at the pendulum bob lowest swing position, wherein the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42 are fixedly disposed at two sides of the pendulum bob swing track, one side surface of the concrete specimen 45 is disposed on the pendulum bob swing track closely to the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42, the pendulum bob 31 strikes against the other side surface of the concrete specimen 45, and the striking point is located between the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42, forming a three-point bending load on the concrete specimen.
The first reaction frame cross beam 43 and the second reaction frame cross beam 44 are respectively arranged on one surface of the first reaction frame 41 and the second reaction frame 42, which is contacted with a concrete test piece, and are directly abutted against the concrete test piece as two loading support points, the pendulum mass cross beam 39 is arranged on the impact surface of the pendulum mass 31, when the concrete test piece is impacted, the pendulum mass cross beam 39, the first reaction frame cross beam 43 and the second reaction frame cross beam 44 are parallel to each other and are respectively three loading points of three-point bending load impacting the concrete test piece, and the pendulum mass cross beam 39, the first reaction frame cross beam 43 and the second reaction frame cross beam 44 are steel cross beams with hardness exceeding that of the concrete.
The displacement meter 46 is arranged on one side of the concrete sample 45 close to the reaction frame, a contact of the displacement meter is vertically contacted with the side face, deformation displacement of the concrete sample after being impacted by three-point bending load of the pendulum bob is directly monitored, a strain gauge for detecting impact stress is arranged on the impact face of the pendulum bob 31, strain when the pendulum bob impacts the concrete sample is detected through the strain gauge, the displacement meter and the strain gauge are evenly in communication connection with the data acquisition system 7, and monitored displacement data and monitored strain data are uploaded to the data acquisition system.
The concrete method for testing and evaluating the impact toughness of the concrete by using the testing device of the embodiment is further described as follows, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a concrete test piece, mixing 15% of rubber particles according to the mixing proportion of C30 concrete to improve the toughness, pouring the concrete in a 100mm multiplied by 400mm mould, and curing for 28d to obtain the required concrete test piece.
Secondly, placing the formed surface of the concrete sample downwards at a reaction frame of the sample assembly, fixing the concrete sample to be tightly attached to a loading fulcrum on the reaction frame, directly placing the concrete sample against the reaction frame, or connecting and fixing the concrete and the reaction frame through a connecting piece, then placing the displacement meter at the center of the side surface of the concrete sample close to one side of the reaction frame, clamping and fixing the displacement meter by using a magnetic base, vertically and lightly contacting a contact of the displacement meter with the sample in the horizontal direction, and connecting the displacement meter and a strain gauge on a pendulum bob into a data acquisition system;
thirdly, the pendulum bob is placed on a pendulum bob bearing platform, the electromagnetic suction disc is controlled to be electrified through a switch, the pendulum bob bearing platform locks and limits the pendulum bob at the maximum swing angle position through the electromagnetic suction disc, the elastic load is applied to the pendulum bob through adjusting the compression of a nut adjusting spring, a data acquisition system acquires the load of the pendulum bob through the electromagnetic suction disc, when the load value detected by the electromagnetic suction disc reaches 1.2KN of test load, the electromagnetic suction disc is powered off through the control switch, the pendulum bob bearing platform releases the pendulum bob to carry out impact test on a concrete test piece, the concrete test piece is damaged under the impact force of the pendulum bob, and a strain gauge and a displacement count value in the damage process are recorded;
fourthly, exporting data detected by a data acquisition system, converting the strain gauge data into stress through a formula (1),
σ＝E·ε (1)
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the steel beam, and in the test, the E of the steel beam is 2 multiplied by 105MPa and epsilon are the collected strains, and the details are shown in the following table.
The table below shows the partial strain and displacement parameters collected during the impact of the concrete sample and the stress obtained by corresponding calculation.
Table, measured strain, displacement and calculated stress in the examples
| Displacement of | Stress | ε | Displacement of | Stress | ε | Displacement of | Stress | ε |
| 0.00226 | 0.06606 | 3.30E-07 | 0.26938 | 0.67036 | 3.35E-06 | 0.54138 | 0.18931 | 9.47E-07 |
| 0.02189 | 0.12645 | 6.32E-07 | 0.29413 | 0.73984 | 3.70E-06 | 0.56896 | 0.16048 | 8.02E-07 |
| 0.04636 | 0.1855 | 9.27E-07 | 0.31895 | 0.80926 | 4.05E-06 | 0.59336 | 0.14033 | 7.02E-07 |
| 0.07194 | 0.2374 | 1.19E-06 | 0.34218 | 0.8828 | 4.41E-06 | 0.61779 | 0.12437 | 6.22E-07 |
| 0.09562 | 0.28369 | 1.42E-06 | 0.36628 | 0.96163 | 4.81E-06 | 0.64247 | 0.11336 | 5.67E-07 |
| 0.12013 | 0.33015 | 1.65E-06 | 0.39138 | 1.02778 | 5.14E-06 | 0.66688 | 0.10278 | 5.14E-07 |
| 0.14501 | 0.38545 | 1.93E-06 | 0.41845 | 0.80435 | 4.02E-06 | 0.69133 | 0.09176 | 4.59E-07 |
| 0.16939 | 0.43955 | 2.20E-06 | 0.44341 | 0.51454 | 2.57E-06 | 0.71601 | 0.08298 | 4.15E-07 |
| 0.19423 | 0.49519 | 2.48E-06 | 0.46815 | 0.36307 | 1.82E-06 | 0.74114 | 0.0747 | 3.73E-07 |
| 0.21813 | 0.54846 | 2.74E-06 | 0.49294 | 0.28184 | 1.41E-06 | 0.76596 | 0.06759 | 3.38E-07 |
| 0.24421 | 0.61587 | 3.08E-06 | 0.51705 | 0.22407 | 1.12E-06 | 0.79087 | 0.06232 | 3.12E-07 |
Taking the displacement of the concrete sample in the impact process collected by a displacement meter as an abscissa, calculating the corresponding stress obtained at each stage of the deformation of the concrete sample as an ordinate, and then drawing a stress displacement curve in the impact failure process of the concrete sample, as shown in FIG. 4, calculating the area enclosed by the curve and a displacement coordinate axis at the time of the maximum stress, evaluating the impact toughness I of the concrete material, and specifically calculating the impact toughness as shown in a formula (2),
in the formula: f. ofmThe corresponding mid-span displacement value at maximum stress, here tested 0.39138 mm; f (sigma, f) is the obtained stress deflection curve; a is the area of the cross section of the test piece, and the test is 100mm × 100 mm.
The impact toughness of the material in the figure 4 is calculated to be 0.0178 MPa.m according to the formula (2)-1. In the course of actual testAnd repeating the test for at least 3 times, performing tests on not less than 3 combined concrete samples, and averaging to obtain the accurate impact toughness evaluation of the concrete samples.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Concrete material impact toughness testing arrangement, its characterized in that: comprises a bracket (1), a swinging rod (2), a pendulum assembly (3), a test piece assembly (4) and a fixing frame (5);
the support (1) is fixed, one end of the swinging rod (2) is hinged with the support (1), the other end of the swinging rod swings freely, and the pendulum assembly (3) is arranged at the swinging end of the swinging rod (2);
the pendulum assembly (3) comprises a pendulum (31), a spring (33) and a pendulum bearing platform (35), the pendulum (31) is fixed with the swinging end of the swinging rod (2), the pendulum (31) is limited to the maximum swinging angle position through the pendulum bearing platform (35), the pendulum bearing platform (35) is arranged on the fixed frame (5) through a movable locking piece, the spring (33) is adjustably arranged on the fixed frame (5), and the pendulum load is variable and elastic load is applied to the pendulum towards the swinging direction of the pendulum at the maximum swinging angle position of the pendulum (31);
the test piece assembly (4) is fixedly arranged on a swinging track of the pendulum (31).
2. The device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material according to claim 1, wherein the pendulum platform (35) is hinged on the fixed frame (5), wherein one force arm section is a limiting supporting platform of the pendulum (31), and the other force arm section is locked with the fixed frame (5) through a movable locking piece.
3. The apparatus for testing impact toughness of concrete material according to claim 2, wherein said pendulum bearing platform (35) comprises two sets of L-shaped steel plates symmetrically arranged, said two sets of L-shaped steel plates are respectively hinged with the fixed frame (5) at the bending position, the same bending section of the two sets of L-shaped steel plates is arranged to be split downwards, and the other bending section is connected to the movable locking piece.
4. The concrete material impact toughness testing device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fixed frame (5) above the pendulum platform (35) is provided with a spring platform upper plate (37) and a spring platform bottom plate (38) in a guiding way through a guiding upright post (51), the spring (33) is clamped between the spring platform upper plate (37) and the spring platform bottom plate (38), the spring platform bottom plate (38) is contacted with the pendulum on the pendulum platform (35), the guiding upright post (51) above the spring platform upper plate (37) is provided with an adjusting nut (32) in a screwing way, the adjusting nut (32) is used for adjusting the spring platform upper plate (37) to move towards the spring platform bottom plate (38), and the compression spring (33) generates elastic load to the pendulum.
5. The device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material, according to the claim 4, a fixing nut (34) is further assembled on the guide column (51) between the spring platform bottom plate (38) and the pendulum bob bearing platform (35) in a threaded mode.
6. The apparatus for testing impact toughness of concrete material according to claim 2, wherein said movable locking member is an electromagnetic suction disc (36), and said pendulum platform (35) is magnetically fixed with a steel member of the fixing frame (5) through the electromagnetic suction disc (36).
7. The device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic suction disc (36) is provided with a load detection module, and the load detection module is in communication connection with a data acquisition system (7).
8. The concrete material impact toughness testing device according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the test piece assembly (4) comprises a concrete test piece (45) and a first reaction frame (41) and a second reaction frame (42) for positioning the concrete test piece (45), the first reaction frame (41) and the second reaction frame (42) are fixedly arranged on two sides of a pendulum swinging track, one side surface of the concrete test piece (45) is tightly attached to the first reaction frame (41) and the second reaction frame (42) at the same time, a displacement meter (46) is arranged on the side surface, the pendulum (31) impacts the other side surface of the concrete test piece (45), a strain gauge for detecting impact stress is arranged on the impact surface of the pendulum (31), and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are in communication connection with the data acquisition system (7).
9. The device for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material according to claim 8, wherein the first reaction frame (41) and the second reaction frame (42) are respectively provided with a reaction frame beam which is directly abutted to the concrete sample as two loading support points, and the impact surface of the pendulum bob (31) is provided with a pendulum bob beam (39) which is a third loading point forming three-point bending load with the reaction frame beam.
10. The method for testing the impact toughness of the concrete material is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of a test device according to any of claims 1-9, in particular comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing a concrete test piece;
secondly, placing the formed surface of the concrete sample downwards at a reaction frame of the sample assembly, fixing the concrete sample to be tightly attached to a loading fulcrum on the reaction frame, placing the displacement meter at the center of the side surface of the concrete sample close to one side of the reaction frame for fixing, vertically and lightly contacting the sample in the horizontal direction, and connecting the displacement meter and a strain gauge on the pendulum bob into a data acquisition system;
thirdly, the pendulum bob is placed on a pendulum bob bearing platform, the pendulum bob bearing platform locks and limits the pendulum bob at the position of the maximum swing angle after being electrified through an electromagnetic suction disc, elastic load is applied to the pendulum bob through the compression amount of an adjusting spring, a data acquisition system acquires the load of the pendulum bob through the electromagnetic suction disc, and when the load force value detected by the electromagnetic suction disc reaches test load, the electromagnetic suction disc is powered off, and the pendulum bob is released to impact a concrete test piece;
fourthly, exporting data detected by a data acquisition system, converting the strain gauge data into stress through a formula (1),
σ＝E·ε (1)
in the formula, E is the elastic modulus of the steel beam; epsilon is the strain that is acquired,
then drawing a stress displacement curve in the process of impact failure of the concrete sample, calculating the area enclosed by the curve and a displacement coordinate axis when the curve has the maximum stress, evaluating the impact toughness I of the concrete material, wherein the specific calculation of the impact toughness is as shown in a formula (2),
in the formula: f. ofmThe mid-span displacement value corresponding to the maximum stress is obtained, f (sigma, f) is the obtained stress deflection curve, and A is the section area of the test piece.
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