CN114674517A - Method for testing and evaluating energy consumption performance of steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure - Google Patents
Method for testing and evaluating energy consumption performance of steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114674517A CN114674517A CN202210185416.XA CN202210185416A CN114674517A CN 114674517 A CN114674517 A CN 114674517A CN 202210185416 A CN202210185416 A CN 202210185416A CN 114674517 A CN114674517 A CN 114674517A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
- E02B3/26—Fenders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the energy consumption performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure; belong to road and bridge anticollision facility test field. The method comprises the steps of impacting a steel-composite material anti-collision facility through a pendulum device, acquiring instantaneous motion speed before the pendulum device impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility and instantaneous motion speed when the pendulum device impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility and then separates by adopting a speed sensor, calculating to obtain a kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum device, and evaluating the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by utilizing the kinetic energy reduction value. The method provides a collision avoidance facility energy consumption capacity calculation method based on the theorem of instantaneous speed and kinetic energy before and after impact, and a clear evaluation standard grade is formulated. The evaluation steps are clear and easy to implement, the comparison result is visual, the characteristics of the energy consumption performance of the structure can be fully reflected, the actual requirements of engineering are met, and the method has better guiding significance on the production and development of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the energy consumption performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure; belonging to the field of road and bridge anti-collision facility test.
Background
With the increasing number of bridges and the increasing demand of shipping, the probability that the bridge piers of the airway bridge are impacted by ships is greatly increased, and the accident of collision of the bridge piers caused by multiple ships appears at home and abroad. The accident of ship collision not only threatens the traffic safety of ships, but also seriously affects the operation safety of bridges, brings huge personal safety threat and property loss, and sometimes causes ecological disasters.
In order to reduce economic loss caused by accidents such as ship-bridge collision and the like and improve the safety of public infrastructure, pier column anti-collision facilities combining steel and fiber composite materials (namely steel-composite materials) are generally installed on channel bridges at present, and the pier column anti-collision facilities comprise a fixed type pier column anti-collision facility and a floating type pier column anti-collision facility. However, the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities produced by various manufacturers have uneven product quality, unknown energy consumption performance and uncertain protection effect. The product quality standard is lost, and a unified evaluation system is not established. Designers have difficulty in formulating a scheme for a bridge anti-collision facility.
In a patent document with publication number CN214363166U, a steel-clad composite fixed pier collision avoidance facility is disclosed, which is composed of a composite shell and a closed-cell efficient material filled in an inner cavity, wherein the composite shell is provided with a fixing hole and fixed with a pier by using a chemical bolt; the protection performance of the anti-collision facilities to the bridge pier is not clear, the energy consumption performance of the structure in the ship collision process is unknown, and the anti-collision facilities are difficult to compare with other anti-collision facilities.
In patent document CN112431120A, a bridge collision prevention facility of floating steel-clad composite material is disclosed; the patent shell is a steel-clad composite material plate, the interior of the patent shell is a composite material anticorrosive layer, a steel plate, a composite material buffer tube and an energy-consumption closed-hole material, and the mechanical properties of the materials are specified; the energy consumption degree of the structure in the patent under the impact action has no measurement index, and the energy consumption performance can not be intuitively obtained.
In conclusion, the energy consumption capacity of the anti-collision facility structure is an important protection index for absorbing the kinetic energy of the ship and reducing the impact energy of the ship on the bridge pier stud. The energy consumption ability of the anti-collision facility is insufficient, so that most of kinetic energy of ships is absorbed by the bridge pier, and the damage of the pier and even the safe operation of the bridge are possibly affected. Therefore, the evaluation on the energy consumption capability of the anti-collision facilities has very important guiding significance for the design and selection of the bridge anti-collision scheme, and can also be used for guiding the structural design and production of the anti-collision facilities and making future development directions. Therefore, the method for testing and evaluating the structural energy consumption capability of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility has important practical significance and wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing and evaluating the energy consumption performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure aiming at the problems.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for testing the energy consumption performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure, which comprises the steps that a pendulum bob device consisting of a heavy punch, a mass balancing weight and a suspension arm impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, a piezoelectric force sensor is arranged on the inner side of an impact part of the heavy punch, and a speed sensor is adopted to monitor the instantaneous speed before and after impact of the heavy punch in the pendulum bob device; the test evaluation method is as follows:
selecting proper pendulum mass and impact height according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, wherein a heavy hammer punch of a pendulum device impacts the center point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step two, in the impact process of the pendulum bob device on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, acquiring the instantaneous motion speed v before the pendulum bob device impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a speed sensor1And instantaneous velocity v of motion of pendulum device upon impact with steel-composite crashworthy facilities for post separation2；
Step three, according to the instantaneous motion speed v before impact of the pendulum device obtained in the step two 1And the instantaneous velocity v of motion after impact2Calculating the kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum bob device in the impact process through the following formula;
in the formula: delta E-pendulum device kinetic energy reduction value in impact process, Ek1Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum bob before impact, Ek2Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum after impact, m-pendulum mass, v1Instantaneous speed of motion of pendulum before impact, v2-the instantaneous pendulum motion speed after impact;
the invention relates to a method for testing the energy consumption performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure, which comprises the following steps:
step one, if the kinetic energy reduction value Delta E of the pendulum bob device in the impact process>0.4Ek1The steel-composite material anti-collision deviceThe structure application energy consumption performance is good;
step two, if the kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum bob device in the impact process is 0.2Ek1<ΔE<0.4Ek1The energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is medium;
step three, if the kinetic energy reduction value delta E of the pendulum bob device in the impact process<0.2Ek1The energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is poor.
The method for testing the energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is characterized in that the mass of the pendulum device is configured according to the number of the mass balancing weights, the mass balancing weights are arranged at the bottom end of the suspension arm, and a heavy hammer punch is arranged at the impact end of each mass balancing weight.
Advantageous effects
The method for testing and evaluating the energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure integrates a plurality of characteristic indexes, has clear standard, clear steps and strong operability, has good economical efficiency and popularization, and is powerful supplement to the blank of the existing testing and evaluating system in the field of anti-collision facilities.
In the aspect of the test method, the test facilities adopted by the method are simple, the floor area is small, the sensors are common, the related facilities are convenient to prepare, the method can be suitable for the test work of the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities with different sizes and different structural arrangement forms, and has good popularization. The testing process adopts a semi-automatic form, is triggered by testers, automatically acquires and records by a sensor, has long personnel interval, high safety and easy operation. The evaluation index of the structure energy consumption performance of the anti-collision facility is convenient to acquire, and the data extraction and calculation are convenient.
In the aspect of an evaluation method, based on a large amount of engineering evaluation experience, the method provides a collision avoidance facility energy consumption capacity calculation method based on the theorem of instantaneous speed and kinetic energy before and after impact, and a clear evaluation standard grade is formulated. The evaluation steps are clear and easy to implement, the comparison result is visual, the characteristics of the energy consumption performance of the structure can be fully reflected, the actual requirements of engineering are met, and the method has better guiding significance on the production and development of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the test evaluation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the impact testing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram and a connection diagram of the sensors according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in the figure: the pendulum device 2 includes a weight punch 21, a mass weight 22, and a boom 23. The top end of the pendulum device 2 is provided with a hinged part. The pendulum bob device 2 is pulled to different height positions in a dragging mode to generate different impact loads.
The data acquisition system 4 employed in the test evaluation method as shown in the figure includes a speed sensor 31, a data acquirer 32, and a data storage device 33.
The speed sensor 31 is arranged on the side surface of the concrete rigid wall 1 at a corresponding position close to the impact point. The speed sensor 31 is connected with the data input end of the data acquisition instrument 32 through a data line; an output of the data acquisition instrument 32 is connected to an input of a data storage device 33.
The first embodiment is as follows:
step one, a certain number of mass balancing weights 22 are installed on the pendulum bob device 2 to enable the mass of the pendulum bob device to reach 1000 kg.
A steel-composite material collision avoidance facility 3 is disposed on the concrete rigid wall 1, and a speed sensor 31 is provided on the side of the concrete rigid wall 1 at a corresponding position near the impact point. The speed sensor 31 is: photogate speed sensor.
The data of the speed sensor 31 is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 32, and after signal processing, the data enters the data storage device 33 for storage.
Numbering and fixing certain type of steel-composite material anti-collision facilities with the thickness of 300 mm; according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility of the type, a proper pendulum mass is selected to be 1000kg, the impact height is 0.459m, and the theoretical speed when the pendulum swings to the lowest point is 3 m/s. The 1000kg pendulum bob is lifted to the height of 0.459m by the chain block, the unhooking device is released to enable the pendulum bob to freely swing downwards around the fixed hinge at the upper end, and the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted into kinetic energy in the motion process. The pendulum bob swings downwards from the height, collides with the steel-composite material anti-collision facility and carries out primary impact loading on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; and each sensor acquires data such as the speed of the pendulum bob in the impact loading process and transmits the data to the data storage equipment for storage.
And step three, loading the pendulum bob with the mass of 1000kg by the impact of the lower hem with the height of 0.459m, wherein the thickness h of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is 300 mm. In the process of impacting the steel-composite material anticollision facility by the pendulum device, a photoelectric door speed sensor is adopted to obtain the instantaneous motion speed v before the pendulum device impacts the steel-composite material anticollision facility1Instantaneous speed of motion v at 3.11m/s when the pendulum device impacts the post-separation of the steel-composite crash barrier2＝2.43m/s；
Step four, according to the obtained instantaneous speed v before impact of the pendulum device1And the instantaneous velocity v after impact2Calculating a kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum device by the following formula;
in the formula: delta E-pendulum device kinetic energy reduction value in impact process, Ek1Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum bob before impact, Ek2Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum after impact, m-pendulum mass, v1Instantaneous speed of motion of pendulum before impact, v2-the instantaneous pendulum motion speed after impact;
step five, obtaining the kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum bob in the impact process from the step four:
0.2Ek1<ΔE<0.4Ek1
the kinetic energy reduction value Delta E of the pendulum bob is in accordance with 0.2Ek1<ΔE<0.4Ek1The steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure has medium energy consumption performance, and a structural arrangement scheme needs to be further optimized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. The method for testing the energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pendulum device composed of a heavy punch, a mass balancing weight and a suspension arm impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, a piezoelectric force sensor is arranged on the inner side of an impact part of the heavy punch, and a speed sensor is adopted to monitor the instantaneous speed of the heavy punch in the pendulum device before impact and the instantaneous speed of the heavy punch after impact; the test evaluation method is as follows:
selecting proper pendulum mass and impact height according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, wherein a heavy hammer punch of a pendulum device impacts the center point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step two, in the impact process of the pendulum bob device on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, acquiring the instantaneous motion speed v before the pendulum bob device impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a speed sensor1Impact steel-composite with pendulum deviceInstantaneous speed of movement v during post-separation of composite impact protection2；
Step three, according to the instantaneous motion speed v before impact of the pendulum device obtained in the step two1And instantaneous velocity v of motion after impact2Calculating the kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum bob device in the impact process through the following formula;
In the formula: delta E-pendulum bob device kinetic energy reduction value in impact process, Ek1Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum mass before impact, Ek2Instantaneous kinetic energy of pendulum after impact, m-pendulum mass, v1Instantaneous speed of motion of pendulum before impact, v2-the instantaneous pendulum motion speed after impact;
2. the method for testing the energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the energy consumption performance evaluation method of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure comprises the following steps:
step one, if the kinetic energy reduction value Delta E of the pendulum bob device in the impact process>0.4Ek1The energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is good;
step two, if the kinetic energy reduction value of the pendulum bob device in the impact process is 0.2Ek1<ΔE<0.4Ek1The energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is medium;
step three, if the kinetic energy reduction value delta E of the pendulum bob device in the impact process<0.2Ek1The energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility structure is poor.
3. The method for testing the energy consumption performance of the steel-composite material crash barrier structure according to claim 1, wherein: the mass balancing weights are arranged at the bottom end of the suspension arm, and a heavy punch is arranged at the impact end of each mass balancing weight.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117139117A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏恒美德新材料有限公司 | High-compression-resistance high-buffering energy-consumption fiber material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117139117A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏恒美德新材料有限公司 | High-compression-resistance high-buffering energy-consumption fiber material |
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