CN113322819B - Method for erecting first-span T beam at tunnel outlet - Google Patents
Method for erecting first-span T beam at tunnel outlet Download PDFInfo
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- CN113322819B CN113322819B CN202110610602.9A CN202110610602A CN113322819B CN 113322819 B CN113322819 B CN 113322819B CN 202110610602 A CN202110610602 A CN 202110610602A CN 113322819 B CN113322819 B CN 113322819B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
- E01D21/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges by translational movement of the bridge or bridge sections
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering construction, and discloses a first-span T-beam erecting method at a tunnel outlet, wherein a bridge crane is installed at the tunnel outlet, and a front hoisting crown block and a rear hoisting crown block are positioned at the initial positions of the tunnel outlet; the beam transporting trolley transports the T beam to the exit of the tunnel; the rear hoisting crown block hoists a front end hoisting point of the T beam, and the front hoisting crown block and the rear hoisting crown block synchronously move forwards; the rear hoisting crown block hoists the T beam to the middle supporting leg, and the front hoisting crown block and the rear hoisting crown block move back to the initial positions; the front and rear hoisting crown blocks hoist the T-shaped beam and move the T-shaped beam above the bridge abutment and the bridge pier; the bridge erecting machine integrally drives the T-shaped beam to transversely move to a specified position, and the T-shaped beam is temporarily placed on the abutment and the bridge pier; moving the T-shaped beam on the adjusting bridge abutment and the bridge pier so as to enable the T-shaped beam to be installed on the permanent support; and the bridge girder erection machine returns to the right position, and the front and rear hoisting crown blocks return to the initial positions. The method is adopted to build the T-shaped beam at the tunnel outlet, all the T-shaped beams can be built by using the conventional-size bridge girder erection machine, the construction cost is low, the process is simple, and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering construction, in particular to a first-span T-beam erection method at a tunnel outlet.
Background
In bridge engineering, the assembled prefabricated T-beam bridge is widely applied to the field of highway construction in China due to the advantages of simple structure, mature technology, economic manufacturing cost, convenience in maintenance and the like. When the number of the prefabricated T-shaped beams is large, a bridge girder erection machine is generally adopted for installation; due to the particularity of use, the bridge girder erection machine is large in size.
When the mountain highway is constructed, under the influence of mountain terrain conditions, the number of the bridges and the tunnels accounts for a larger proportion, the number of the roadbed is small and short, and the condition that the space between the bridges and the tunnels is extremely short or the bridges and the tunnels are directly connected easily occurs. When the bridge girder erection machine is adopted to complete the first span girder at the tunnel outlet, the bridge girder erection machine hoisting overhead traveling crane can only be placed outside the tunnel under the influence of the tunnel building limit and the size of the bridge girder erection machine, and when the girder transporting trolley transports the girder in a conventional mode, the hoisting point at the front end of the girder body cannot be aligned with the front hoisting overhead traveling crane; meanwhile, as the widths of the tunnel and the road width of the bridge are different, part of the T-shaped beam bodies cannot be transversely moved to be in place by directly using the bridge girder erection machine.
Among the prior art, to the first T roof beam of striding of tunnel exit erect, the utility model patent that application number is 201621247674.2 discloses a tunnel import and export closely frame roof beam highway bridging machine, and this application is through adopting small-size jack-up overhead traveling crane hoist, transforming in riding wheel crossbeam and sideslip wheel case in order to reduce the bridging machine height, has realized carrying out the handle in the jack-up overhead traveling crane entering tunnel. But the above solution does not really solve the problem of positioning the T-beam. By adopting the scheme, a bridge girder erection machine needs to be newly purchased or the existing bridge girder erection machine is greatly improved, equipment such as a small winch is newly purchased, the construction investment is high, and the construction period is long.
Therefore, a first-step T-beam installation method at the exit of the tunnel is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a first-span T-beam erection method at a tunnel outlet, which can finish the erection of all T-beams by utilizing a conventional-size bridge girder erection machine without modifying the conventional bridge girder erection machine, and has the advantages of low construction cost, simple process, convenience in operation, small safety risk and short construction period.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a first-span T-beam erection method at a tunnel exit comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a bridge girder erection machine at a tunnel outlet, wherein a front hoisting crown block and a rear hoisting crown block are positioned at initial positions of the tunnel outlet;
s2, transporting a T beam to the tunnel outlet by a beam transporting trolley, wherein the front end lifting point of the T beam is positioned right below the rear lifting crown block lifting point;
s3, the rear hoisting crown block hoists a front end hoisting point of the T beam, and the front hoisting crown block and the rear hoisting crown block synchronously move forwards until the front end hoisting point of the T beam is positioned right below a hoisting point at the initial position of the front hoisting crown block;
s4, the rear hoisting crown block hoists the T beam to a middle supporting leg, and the front hoisting crown block and the rear hoisting crown block move back to initial positions;
s5, the front hoisting crane hoists a front end hoisting point of the T beam, and the rear hoisting crane hoists a rear end hoisting point of the T beam, so that the T beam is moved to the upper part of the bridge abutment and the bridge pier;
s6, the bridge girder erection machine integrally drives the T girder to transversely move to a specified position, and the T girder is temporarily placed on the bridge abutment and the bridge pier;
s7, movably adjusting the T-shaped beam on the bridge abutment and the bridge pier so as to enable the T-shaped beam to be installed on a permanent support;
s8, the bridge girder erection machine returns to the right state, and the front hoisting overhead crane and the rear hoisting overhead crane move back to initial positions;
and S9, repeating the step S2 to the step S8 until the T-shaped beams between the abutment and the pier are built.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step S5, the front crane block and the rear crane block are hoisted by a hoist and a first wire rope together with a front end hoisting point of the T-beam and a rear end hoisting point of the T-beam, and the first wire rope binds the T-beam in a bottom-in-pocket manner.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step S6, the bridge erecting machine temporarily places the T-girder on the sand cylinder above the abutment and the pier.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, in the step S7, the connection between the first wire rope and the spreader is released, the spreader is moved to a position right above the position where the T-beam is to be installed, and a second wire rope is hung on the spreader.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step S7, a first pulling assembly is further installed on a side of the T-beam away from the position to be installed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, the method further includes removing the sand cylinder, and controlling and adjusting the first pulling assembly to place the T-beam on the permanent support.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 further includes installing a traveling unit on the abutment and the pier.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step S6, the hanger places the T-beam on the traveling unit on the abutment and the pier through the first wire rope.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step S7, a second traction assembly and a third traction assembly are respectively installed on both sides of the T-beam, and the second traction assembly and the third traction assembly are controlled and adjusted to make the T-beam traverse on the traveling assembly until the T-beam traverses to a position to be installed.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step S7, after the T-beam is moved to the position to be installed by the walking assembly, a jack is installed on the abutment or the pier, the jack is made to jack the T-beam, and the walking assembly, the second traction assembly and the third traction assembly are removed, so that the T-beam is placed on the permanent support.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the first-span T-beam erecting method at the tunnel outlet is applied to T-beam erection at the tunnel outlet, when the method is used for erecting the T-beam at the tunnel outlet, the existing bridge girder erection machine is not required to be modified, all T-beam erection can be completed by using the conventional-size bridge girder erection machine, the construction cost is low, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the safety risk is small, and the construction period is short.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a bridge girder erection machine via according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the girder transporting trolley according to the first embodiment of the present invention for transporting a T-beam;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a T-beam transported to an exit of a tunnel according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a rear lifting crown block lifting T-beam moving forward according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an elevation view of the front end of a T-beam placed on a center leg according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the bridge girder erection machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention after the T-beam is fed into position according to a conventional operation;
FIG. 7 is an elevational view of the bridge girder erection machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, with the T-beam in place, in normal operation;
fig. 8 is a front view of the bridge girder erection machine after the T-shaped girder is transversely moved according to the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of a first alternative embodiment of the present invention showing a T-beam swing;
FIG. 10 is a rear elevational view of the T-beam swung into position in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a walking assembly, according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a walking assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a front view of the bridge girder erection machine after the transverse movement of the T-shaped girder according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a front view of the leftmost T-beam of the second embodiment of the present invention before it is slid;
FIG. 15 is an elevation view of the leftmost T-beam of embodiment two of the present invention after it has been slid into place;
FIG. 16 is a side view of the leftmost T-bar of the second embodiment of the present invention after being lifted by the jacks;
FIG. 17 is a top elevational view of the leftmost T-bar jack set-up according to embodiment two of the present invention;
figure 18 is a side view of the leftmost T-beam in a second embodiment of the invention lowered into position.
In the figure:
1. a bridge girder erection machine; 11. a front crane; 12. a rear hoisting crown block; 13. a middle support leg; 14. a spreader; 141. hanging wires; 15. a first wire rope; 16. a second wire rope; 17. a first pulling assembly; 171. a first chain block; 172. a first connecting member; 18. a walking assembly; 181. a steel rail; 182. walking a stick; 19. a second traction assembly; 191. a second hand-pulled gourd; 20. a third traction assembly; 201. a third chain block; 202. a third connecting member; 21. a permanent support; 22. a beam transporting trolley; 221. a main vehicle; 222. a secondary vehicle; 23. a front leg; 24. a rear riding wheel; 25. an upper chord; 26. a lower chord; 27. a jack;
100. a tunnel; 101. an abutment; 1011. a roadbed behind the platform; 102. a bridge pier; 103. a sand cylinder; 104. a stopper; 200. and a T-beam.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts throughout, or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediary, a connection between two elements, or an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature being in contact not directly but with another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example one
In this embodiment, the length of the T-beam 200 is 40m, the height of the bridge girder erection machine 1 is 8.76m, and the width is about 5.5m, while the size of the tunnel 100 is 7.5m net height and 10.5m net width, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 of the bridge girder erection machine 1 cannot directly enter the tunnel 100. The abutment 101 and the tunnel 100 are separated by a distance of only 4m and the front end lifting point of the t-beam 200 cannot be aligned with the front crane block 11. The bridge of the present embodiment has five T-beams 200 arranged in parallel between the abutment 101 and the pier 102. Wherein, the two side T-beams 200 far away from the central axis of the tunnel 100 cannot be directly transversely moved in place by the bridge girder erection machine 1 due to the size limitation of the tunnel 100 and the bridge girder erection machine 1.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present embodiment provides a first-span T-beam installation method at a tunnel exit, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, including the following steps:
s1, installing a bridge girder erection machine 1 at an outlet of a tunnel 100, wherein a front hoisting crown block 11 and a rear hoisting crown block 12 are positioned at initial positions at the outlet of the tunnel 100; as shown in fig. 1, this step is a preparation operation, before the T-beam 200 is installed, the bridging machine 1 is completed by a via-hole operation, such that the front leg 23 of the bridging machine 1 is supported on the pier 102, the middle leg 13 is supported on the abutment 101 and the abutment roadbed 1011, the rear riding wheel 24 is arranged next to the middle leg 13, is supported on the abutment roadbed 1011 and the tunnel 100, the rear hoisting crown 12 is arranged next to the exit of the tunnel 100, the front hoisting crown 11 is arranged next to the rear hoisting crown 12, and the front hoisting crown 11 and the rear hoisting crown 12 are located at the initial positions at the exit of the tunnel 100.
S2, the beam transporting trolley 22 transports the T beam 200 to the exit of the tunnel 100, and the front end lifting point of the T beam 200 is located right below the lifting point of the rear lifting crown block 12; as shown in fig. 2, the girder trolley 22 includes a powered primary trolley 221 and an unpowered secondary trolley 222. In the precast yard, when the T-beam 200 is placed on the girder transporting trolley 22, the front end suspension point of the T-beam 200 is spaced apart from the foremost edge of the sub-trolley 222 by a designated distance D, which is preferably 0.45m in this embodiment. The beam-transporting trolley 22 transports the T-beam 200 to the exit of the tunnel 100 until the front end hoisting point of the T-beam 200 is located right below the hoisting point of the rear crane block 12, as shown in fig. 3.
S3, the rear hoisting crown block 12 hoists the front end hoisting point of the T beam 200, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 synchronously move forwards until the front end hoisting point of the T beam 200 is positioned right below the initial position hoisting point of the front hoisting crown block 11; as shown in fig. 4, in this step, the rear crane 12 lifts the front end lifting point of the T-beam 200 to disengage the front end of the T-beam 200 from the sub-vehicle 222 and slowly moves forward, while the main vehicle 221 transports the T-beam 200 forward in coordination with the synchronous same speed, the sub-vehicle 222 is stationary in place, the front crane 11 and the rear crane 12 move forward in synchronization, and stops when the front end lifting point of the T-beam 200 is located right below the initial position lifting point of the front crane 11.
S4, the rear hoisting crown block 12 hoists the T beam 200 to the middle supporting leg 13, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 move back to the initial positions; as shown in fig. 5, in this step, the rear crane crown 12 slowly hangs the T-beam 200 on the U-shaped reinforcement assembly on the middle leg 13, a crosstie is supported between the bottom of the front end of the T-beam 200 and the top of the U-shaped reinforcement assembly, and the front crane crown 11 and the rear crane crown 12 are moved back to the initial positions.
Step S5, the front crane 11 lifts the front end lifting point of the T beam 200, the rear crane 12 lifts the rear end lifting point of the T beam 200, and the T beam 200 is moved to the upper part of the bridge abutment 101 and the bridge pier 102; in this step, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the front crane 11 lifts the front end lifting point of the T-beam 200, the rear crane 12 lifts the rear end lifting point of the T-beam 200, and the bridge girder erection machine 1 completes the beam lifting and beam feeding operations in a normal operation. Preferably, in step S5, the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 are hoisted to the front end hoisting point of the T-beam 200 and the rear end hoisting point of the T-beam 200 by a hoist 14 and a first wire rope 15, in this embodiment, the hoist 14 and the first wire rope 15 are respectively installed at the bottoms of the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12, the first wire rope 15 is wound between the hoist 14 and the T-beam 200, and the first wire rope 15 binds the T-beam 200 in a bottom-pocketed manner.
S6, the bridge girder erection machine 1 integrally drives the T-shaped girder 200 to move transversely to a specified position, and the T-shaped girder 200 is temporarily placed on the abutment 101 and the pier 102; as shown in fig. 8, in this step, the front crane crown 11 and the rear crane crown 12 synchronously traverse the T-beam 200 in the installation position direction until the suspension wire 141 of the spreader 14 is stopped at about 1cm from the lower chord 26. The fixing of the rear riding wheels 24 and the ground is released, the whole bridge girder erection machine 1 carries the T-shaped girder 200 to transversely move towards the installation position until the upper chord 25 is about 1cm away from the tunnel 100, and the T-shaped girder 200 is temporarily placed on the abutment 101 and the pier 102. Preferably, the bridge girder erection machine 1 temporarily places the T-beam 200 on the sand drum 103 above the abutment 101 and the pier 102, with the bottom elevation of the T-beam 200 being about 5cm higher than the design elevation.
S7, moving the T-shaped beam 200 on the adjusting bridge abutment 101 and the bridge pier 102 so as to enable the T-shaped beam 200 to be installed on the permanent support 21; specifically, in this step, the first wire rope 15 is disconnected from the spreader 14, the spreader 14 is lifted to the bottom of the upper boom 25, and the front crane 11 and the rear crane 12 traverse right above the installation position of the T-beam 200. And a second steel wire rope 16 is arranged on the lifting appliance 14, and the bottom end of the second steel wire rope 16 is connected with the first steel wire rope 15 through a shackle. Specifically, a first traction assembly 17 is installed on one side of the T-beam 200 far away from the to-be-installed position to control the swinging speed of the T-beam 200 and ensure the stability of the T-beam 200, in this embodiment, two sets of first traction assemblies 17 are provided, one set is provided at the bridge abutment 101 and one set is provided at the bridge abutment 102, the first traction assembly 17 includes a first chain hoist 171 and a first connecting member 172 which are connected, one end of the first chain hoist 171 is connected with the bottom side surface of the T-beam 200, one end of the first connecting member 172 is fixedly connected with the bridge abutment 101 or a cover beam on the bridge abutment 102, the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 slightly hoist the T-beam 200, so that the bottom of the T-beam 200 is separated from the sand cylinder 103, and after the sand cylinder 103 is removed, the first chain hoists 171 of the two sets of first traction assemblies 17 on the bridge abutment 101 and bridge abutment 102 are controlled to synchronously and slowly release at the same speed, so that the T-beam 200 gradually moves towards the installation position under the combined action of the first traction assemblies 17, until the T-beam moves to the right above the installation position, and the T-beam swings and the overhead crane moves to realize the small distance of the T-beam 200 in place. The front crane 11 and the rear crane 12 slowly drop the beam, so that the T beam 200 is stably placed on the permanent support 21, and the erection work of the T beam 200 is completed. In this embodiment, embedded parts are arranged on the T-beam 200, the abutment 101 and the pier 102 to connect the first traction assembly 17.
S8, the bridge girder erection machine 1 returns to the right, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 move back to the initial positions; in this step, the bridge girder erection machine 1, the front hoisting crown block 11, and the rear hoisting crown block 12 return to their original positions, and the next T-beam 200 is prepared for the construction work. Preferably, also includes the recovery disassembly of the first pulling assembly 17 for the next use.
And S9, repeating the step S2 to the step S8 until all the T-shaped beams 200 between the abutment 101 and the pier 102 are built. In this embodiment, the five T-beams 200 are constructed in sequence in the above manner, the T-beams 200 far away from both sides of the central axis of the tunnel 100 are constructed first, and then the T-beams near the central axis of the tunnel 100 are constructed.
The first-span T-beam erection method at the tunnel outlet is suitable for constructing the T beam 200 at the tunnel outlet, a small-size hoisting crown block winch does not need to be purchased additionally, and a middle riding wheel cross beam and a transverse moving wheel box of the conventional bridge girder erection machine 1 do not need to be modified, so that the overall height of the bridge girder erection machine 1 is reduced. The first-span T-beam erection method at the tunnel outlet is suitable for various conventional-size bridge cranes 1, and solves the problem that the front end hoisting point of the T beam 200 is difficult to align with the front hoisting crown block 11, and the problem that the outermost T beam 200 is in place when the T beam 200 cannot be directly carried by the bridge cranes 1 to transversely move in place. According to the first-span T-beam erection method at the tunnel outlet, all T-beam erection can be completed by utilizing the conventional-size bridge girder erection machine 1, the construction cost is low, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the safety risk is small, and the construction period is short.
However, in practical operation, due to the limitation of factors such as terrain, the median lines of the tunnel 100 and the abutment 101 are not necessarily completely coincident, as shown in fig. 10 in this embodiment, the tunnel 100 and the abutment 101 are offset, that is, the abutment 101 is offset to the left with respect to the tunnel 100 (the embodiment is demonstrated by the offset, the practical working condition may be offset to the right, but not limited to this embodiment), the right end of the abutment 101 is closer to the exit of the tunnel 100, when the T-beam 200 at the rightmost end of the abutment 101 is installed, the bridge erecting machine 1 integrally drives the T-beam 200 to integrally traverse, and when the T-beam 200 is lowered, the T-beam 200 is installed in place in an auxiliary manner of swinging and moving by a small distance, that is, the first-span T-beam erecting method of the first embodiment is more suitable for a case where the distance between the outer sidewall of the bridge 101 and the inner wall of the tunnel 100 is not much different, and when the distance between the outer sidewall of the bridge 101 and the inner wall of the tunnel 100 is much different (for example, a case where the distance between the left end of the bridge 101 and the exit of the tunnel 100 is far in fig. 10 of the present embodiment), the first-span T-beam erecting method of the present embodiment may be adopted to assist in installing the leftmost T-beam 200 by a small-distance swing-to-position manner, but it is preferable to erect the leftmost T-beam 200 by using the first-span T-beam erecting method of the second embodiment.
Example two
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11 to 18, a first-span T-beam erection method at a tunnel exit is provided, where the first-span T-beam erection method at the tunnel exit provided in the second embodiment is more suitable for a case that a distance between a side wall of a bridge 101 and an outer wall of a tunnel 100 is large, and it is difficult to assist in installing the T-beam 200 by using the first embodiment, the construction of the leftmost T-beam 200 is completed by the walking assembly 18, and the first-span T-beam erection method at the tunnel exit in the second embodiment includes the following steps:
SS0, according to the first-span T beam erection method at the tunnel exit in the first embodiment, the rightmost T beam 200 is completely constructed; in this step, according to the method for first-span T-beam erection at the tunnel exit in the first embodiment, that is, according to steps S1 to S8 in the first embodiment, the rightmost T-beam 200 closer to the abutment 101 and the tunnel 100 exit is completely erected, and the bridge girder erection machine 1, the front hoisting crown block 11, and the rear hoisting crown block 12 all return to their original positions, so as to prepare for the erection operation of the leftmost T-beam 200.
Step SS1, installing a walking assembly 18 on the abutment 101 and the pier 102; in this step, a group of walking assemblies 18 are respectively installed on the bridge abutment 101 and the bridge pier 102, the structure of the walking assemblies 18 is shown in fig. 11 and 12, each walking assembly 18 comprises two P90-shaped steel rails 181 which are arranged in parallel and transversely at an interval of 25cm, the bottoms of the steel rails 181 are installed on a cover beam on the bridge abutment 101 or the bridge pier 102 in a bolster sleeper mode, a plurality of walking sticks 182 perpendicular to the length direction of the steel rails are arranged at the tops of the steel rails 181, the walking sticks 182 are in rolling connection with the steel rails 181, the interval of the walking sticks 182 is 5cm, the walking sticks 182 are made of round steel bars, and the length of each walking stick 182 is 40cm. The length of the walking assembly 18 is set to ensure that the center of the leftmost T-beam 200 is at a safe distance of 50cm from the end of the walking assembly 18, so as to prevent the leftmost T-beam 200 from slipping out of the walking assembly 18 and overturning due to improper operation, and the length of the walking assembly 18 is 3.75m in this embodiment.
And SS2, sequentially executing the steps S2-S5 according to the first embodiment, and enabling the bridge girder erection machine 1 to complete girder lifting, girder conveying and girder moving operations according to the operations in the first embodiment, so that the leftmost T-shaped girder 200 is moved to the positions above the abutment 101 and the pier 102. In this step, after the installation of the traveling assemblies 18 on the abutment 101 and the pier 102 is completed, the operations of lifting, sending and moving the leftmost T-beam 200 are completed according to the steps S2 to S5 in the first embodiment, specifically: the beam transporting trolley 22 transports the leftmost T beam 200 to the exit of the tunnel 100, and the front end lifting point of the leftmost T beam 200 is positioned right below the lifting point of the rear lifting crown block 12; the rear hoisting crown block 12 hoists the front end hoisting point of the leftmost T beam 200, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 synchronously move forwards until the front end hoisting point of the leftmost T beam 200 is positioned right below the initial position hoisting point of the front hoisting crown block 11; the rear hoisting crown block 12 hoists the leftmost T-beam 200 onto the middle support leg 13, and the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 move back to the initial positions; the front crane 11 lifts the front end lifting point of the leftmost T-beam 200, and the rear crane 12 lifts the rear end lifting point of the leftmost T-beam 200, and moves the leftmost T-beam 200 over the abutment 101 and the pier 102.
And SS3, the bridge girder erection machine 1 integrally drives the leftmost T-beam 200 to move transversely to a specified position, and the leftmost T-beam 200 is temporarily placed on the abutment 101 and the walking assembly 18 on the pier 102. As shown in fig. 13, in this step, the leftmost T-beam 200 is placed on the walking stick 182 of the walking assembly 18 according to step S6 in the first embodiment, specifically: the front hoisting crown block 11 and the rear hoisting crown block 12 synchronously move the leftmost T beam 200 transversely leftwards, after moving to a proper position, the fixing of the rear riding wheel 24 and the ground is removed, the bridge girder erection machine 1 carries the leftmost T beam 200 to move transversely leftwards, the hanger 14 places the leftmost T beam 200 on the walking stick 182 through the first steel wire rope 15, but the first steel wire rope 15 is not removed temporarily, and at the moment, the bottom elevation of the leftmost T beam 200 is consistent with the designed elevation.
And step SS4, moving the leftmost T-beam 200 on the adjusting bridge abutment 101 and the bridge pier 102 so that the leftmost T-beam 200 is mounted on the permanent support 21. In this step, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, a second traction assembly 19 and a third traction assembly 20 are respectively installed on both sides of the leftmost T-beam 200, the second traction assembly 19 is disposed at the bottom of the leftmost T-beam 200 near the installation position side to provide traction for the movement of the leftmost T-beam 200 on the traveling assembly 18, the second traction assembly 19 includes a second pulling block 191 connected, one end of the second pulling block 191 is connected to the bottom side of the leftmost T-beam 200, and the other end is connected to the stopper 104. The third traction assembly 20 is arranged on the top of the leftmost T-beam 200 far away from the installation position side and used for ensuring the stability of the leftmost T-beam 200 in the moving process on the walking assembly 18, the third traction assembly 20 comprises a third chain block 201 and a third connecting piece 202 which are connected, one end of the third chain block 201 is connected with the reserved steel bars of the top flange plate of the leftmost T-beam 200, and one end of the third connecting piece 202 is connected with the reserved steel bars of the top flange plate of the T-beam 200 which is well built in the first embodiment. After the second traction assembly 19 and the third traction assembly 20 are installed, the second chain block 191 and the third chain block 201 are properly tightened to enable the leftmost T-beam 200 to be in a stable state, and the first steel wire rope 15 is removed. The second chain block 191 at the abutment 101 and the pier 102 is synchronously tightened slowly at the same speed, so that the leftmost T-beam 200 slides towards the installation position gradually on the walking stick 182, meanwhile, the third chain block 201 is matched with the synchronous and loosened at the same speed, in the sliding process of the leftmost T-beam 200, the walking stick 182 away from the installation position side is continuously transferred to the side close to the installation position, and the placement is uniform, so that the leftmost T-beam 200 can continuously slide until the leftmost T-beam 200 slides to the position right above the installation position. The second traction assembly 19 and the third traction assembly 20 are controlled and adjusted to enable the leftmost T-beam 200 to traverse on the walking assembly 18 until the leftmost T-beam 200 traverses above the position to be installed.
And SS5, after the leftmost T-shaped beam 200 transversely moves to the position to be installed, installing a jack 27 on the bridge abutment 101 or the bridge pier 102. As shown in fig. 16 to 18, in this step, the jack 27 in this embodiment is a 50t thin jack, and the bottom of the jack 27 is supported on the bridge abutment 101 or the cap beam of the bridge pier 102 by means of a bolster type steel, which is a type of a tribe I20 a. After the installation is finished, the jack 27 is enabled to synchronously and slowly jack the leftmost T beam 200 for about 2cm at the same speed, the walking assembly 18, the second traction assembly 19 and the third traction assembly 20 are removed, and the permanent support 21 is installed; after the permanent support 21 is installed, the jack 27 slowly places the leftmost T-beam 200 at the same speed, so that the leftmost T-beam 200 is stably placed on the permanent support 21, and the erection work of the leftmost T-beam 200 is completed.
The first-span T-beam installation method at the tunnel outlet in the second embodiment is more suitable for the working condition that the distance between the outer side wall of the abutment 101 and the inner wall of the tunnel 100 is large, and the T-beam 200 cannot be installed in an auxiliary manner of small-distance swing and in-place. In actual operation, a suitable first-span T beam erection method at the tunnel outlet can be selected according to field operation conditions, that is, in the first-span T beam erection method at the tunnel outlet in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, only one of the first-span T beam erection methods can be selected to construct a plurality of T beams 200, or two methods can be simultaneously selected to construct a plurality of T beams 200, all the T beams 200 between the abutment 101 and the pier 102 are constructed by mixing and matching the methods according to the actual operation conditions, and in the embodiment, no one example is given, so that accurate positioning and rapid construction of the T beams 200 at the outermost positions on the left side and the right side of the abutment 101 and the pier 102 are ensured.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A first-span T-beam erection method at a tunnel outlet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a bridge girder erection machine (1) at an outlet of a tunnel (100), wherein a front crane crown block (11) and a rear crane crown block (12) are positioned at an initial position of the outlet of the tunnel (100), a front supporting leg (23) of the bridge girder erection machine (1) is supported on a pier (102), and a middle supporting leg (13) is supported on a bridge abutment (101) and a post-abutment roadbed (1011);
s2, a beam transporting trolley (22) transports a T beam (200) to an outlet of the tunnel (100), and a front end lifting point of the T beam (200) is located right below a lifting point of the rear lifting crown block (12);
s3, the rear hoisting crane (12) hoists a front end hoisting point of the T-shaped beam (200), and the front hoisting crane (11) and the rear hoisting crane (12) synchronously move forwards until the front end hoisting point of the T-shaped beam (200) is positioned right below a hoisting point at the initial position of the front hoisting crane (11);
s4, the rear hoisting crown block (12) hoists the T beam (200) to a middle supporting leg (13), and the front hoisting crown block (11) and the rear hoisting crown block (12) move back to initial positions;
s5, the front hoisting crane (11) hoists a front end hoisting point of the T-shaped beam (200), the rear hoisting crane (12) hoists a rear end hoisting point of the T-shaped beam (200), and the T-shaped beam (200) is moved above the abutment (101) and the pier (102);
s6, the bridge girder erection machine (1) integrally drives the T beam (200) to transversely move to a specified position, and the T beam (200) is temporarily placed on the abutment (101) and the pier (102);
s7, movably adjusting the T beam (200) on the bridge abutment (101) and the bridge pier (102) so that the T beam (200) is installed on a permanent support (21);
s8, the bridge girder erection machine (1) returns to the right, and the front crane crown block (11) and the rear crane crown block (12) return to the initial positions;
and S9, repeating the step S2 to the step S8 until the T-shaped beam (200) between the abutment (101) and the pier (102) is built.
2. The method for first-span T-beam erection at the tunnel exit according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the front hoisting crown block (11) and the rear hoisting crown block (12) are hoisted with the front end hoisting point of the T-beam (200) and the rear end hoisting point of the T-beam (200) through a hoist (14) and a first wire rope (15), and the first wire rope (15) binds the T-beam (200) in a bottom-in-pocket manner.
3. The method for first-pass T-beam erection at a tunnel exit according to claim 2, characterized in that, in said step S6, said bridge girder erection machine (1) temporarily places said T-beam (200) on a sand cylinder (103) above said abutment (101) and said pier (102).
4. The method for first-pass T-beam erection at the tunnel exit according to claim 3, wherein in said step S7, the method further comprises releasing the connection between said first wire rope (15) and said spreader (14), moving said spreader (14) to a position right above the position where said T-beam (200) is to be installed, and hanging a second wire rope (16) on said spreader (14).
5. The method for first-pass T-beam erection at a tunnel exit according to claim 4, wherein in the step S7, a first traction assembly (17) is installed on one side of the T-beam (200) far away from a position to be installed.
6. The method for the head-on T-beam installation at the tunnel exit according to claim 5, characterized in that in step S7, it further comprises removing the sand drum (103), controlling and adjusting the first pulling assembly (17) so that the T-beam (200) rests on the permanent seat (21).
7. The method for first-pass T-beam erection at a tunnel exit according to claim 2, characterized in that in said step S1, it further comprises installing walking assemblies (18) on said abutment (101) and said pier (102).
8. The method for first-pass T-beam erection at a tunnel exit according to claim 7, characterized in that, in said step S6, said T-beam (200) is placed on said travelling assembly (18) on said abutment (101) and said pier (102) by said spreader (14) through said first wire rope (15).
9. The head-on T-beam installation method at the tunnel exit according to claim 8, characterized in that in the step S7, a second traction assembly (19) and a third traction assembly (20) are respectively installed on both sides of the T-beam (200), and the second traction assembly (19) and the third traction assembly (20) are controlled and adjusted to enable the T-beam (200) to traverse on the walking assembly (18) until the T-beam (200) traverses to a position to be installed.
10. The head-on T-beam installation method at the tunnel exit according to claim 9, wherein in the step S7, after the T-beam (200) is traversed to the position to be installed by the traveling assembly (18), a jack (27) is installed on the abutment (101) or the pier (102), the jack (27) jacks up the T-beam (200), the traveling assembly (18), the second traction assembly (19) and the third traction assembly (20) are removed, and the T-beam (200) is placed on the permanent support (21).
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