CN113321482A - Inorganic fireproof coating for tunnel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic fireproof coating for tunnel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to an inorganic fireproof coating for tunnels, which is characterized in that the coating is powder, and each 100 parts by weight of the powder comprises the following components: 32-36 parts of Portland cement, 5.5-7.5 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5-8.8 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 12-25 parts of expanded perlite, 7.4-17.4 parts of kaolin, 3.7-6.2 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 2.5-3.7 parts of mica powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5-8 parts of wollastonite powder and 10-15 parts of expanded vermiculite. The inorganic refractory material for the tunnel has the advantages of small coating thickness, light coating weight, low dry density, material saving, low heat conduction, capability of greatly improving the fire resistance time of a steel structure, attractive coating, no hollowing, no cracking, acid resistance, low hygroscopicity, mildew resistance, environmental protection and no toxicity in case of fire, convenience in construction, low construction cost and the like, and solves the problems of rapid strength loss, collapse and the like of a concrete building structure caused by fire in a closed environment compared with a tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inorganic coating, in particular to an inorganic fireproof coating for highway tunnels and railway tunnels and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The tunnel occupies an important position in traffic infrastructure. The tunnel structure is generally built by stones and reinforced concrete, when the temperature is increased to 600 ℃, the strength loss of the concrete reaches more than 50%, and the yield stress of steel is reduced to below 1/3 at normal temperature. When a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, because the heat dissipation is slow, the temperature generally reaches over 1000 ℃, the tunnel masonry is difficult to bear the high temperature, the part which is seriously suffered from the high temperature is easy to be burnt down, in addition, the tunnel environment is relatively closed, the people flow density is large, once the fire disaster occurs, the evacuation and the rescue are very difficult, and the major casualties and property loss are easily caused, so the fire prevention treatment of the tunnel is very important.
The work of fire protection on tunnel structures in China begins in the middle of the 80 th century, but is limited to the technical and economic conditions at that time, and except that fire-proof coatings are sprayed on limited tunnels such as Shanghai Yangan Dong-way river-crossing tunnels, other tunnel structures do not adopt the measures of spraying the fire-proof coatings. The design and construction of tunnels are still the matter in recent years according to relevant tunnel design specifications, and the application of tunnel fireproof coatings is started from around 2001, and at the moment, some enterprises use thick steel structure fireproof coatings, concrete floor fireproof coatings and even cable fireproof coatings as tunnel fireproof coatings. Therefore, the research foundation of the tunnel fireproof coating is weak, the products are uneven, and great difficulty is brought to the construction and performance detection of the tunnel fireproof coating. The main defects of the tunnel fire prevention in China at present are as follows:
(1) too thick a coating: if the temperature is raised according to an ISO 834 curve, the fire resistance can reach 3h, and the thickness of the general coating is about 20-30 mm; the coating is thick, so that the coating needs to be brushed for multiple times, the construction is difficult, and the secondary damage is large after the coating is peeled off due to large thickness and density. If the temperature rises according to a hydrocarbon curve, the tunnel fireproof coating cannot bear thermal shock caused by rapid temperature rise, and can burst and disintegrate within a few minutes, so that the special fireproof requirements of the tunnel cannot be met.
(2) The bonding strength is low: the bonding strength of the tunnel fireproof coating is generally 0.1MPa, and when vehicles pass through the tunnel, strong wind and vibration can be generated, so that the coating is prone to hollowing and peeling, and the actual requirements of the tunnel cannot be met.
(3) Other disadvantages: the research on the toxicity of the coating is not focused, and once a fire disaster occurs, the toxic gas/dust is released by the coating at high temperature, so that the fire disaster fighting and the tunnel repairing are influenced.
(4) Poor water resistance: the coating is in a wet environment of the tunnel for a long time and can absorb moisture and swell and even fall off.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the inorganic fireproof coating for the tunnel and the preparation method thereof, wherein the coating has the characteristics of small coating thickness and density and can reduce secondary damage; the adhesive has high bonding strength and is not easy to crack, empty and fall off; after high-temperature firing, toxic gas/dust is not generated, the environmental protection is good, and rescue is not influenced; the coating has small hygroscopicity, long service life, low heat transfer coefficient, can prolong the fire-resistant time of a building, is convenient to construct, can be directly added with water and stirred into thick paste, is used in emergency and emergency, and is easy to store and transport.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the inorganic fireproof coating for the tunnel is powder, and each 100 parts by weight of the powder comprises the following components: 32-36 parts of Portland cement, 5.5-7.5 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5-8.8 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 12-25 parts of expanded perlite, 7.4-17.4 parts of kaolin, 3.7-6.2 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 2.5-3.7 parts of mica powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5-8 parts of wollastonite powder and 10-15 parts of expanded vermiculite.
The design principle of the scheme of the invention is as follows: the fireproof coating is prepared by compounding cement ordinary portland cement and high-alumina cement according to a certain proportion and cementing various inorganic light fillers together, and is green and environment-friendly. The high-modulus potassium silicate can also obviously enhance the bonding strength between the coating and an attachment surface, and simultaneously endows the coating with good acid resistance and mechanical property, and the inherent alkalinity of the coating also inhibits the growth of microorganisms such as mould, algae and the like.
In the fireproof coating, the characteristics and the functions of the components are as follows:
the Portland cement and the high-alumina cement are compounded to be used as a cementing agent with high bonding strength and high fire resistance, and the fire resistance can be improved under the condition that the bonding strength is basically not lost. The water-soluble potassium silicate can be used as silicate osmotic crystal material, and can be permeated into the surface of concrete within a certain depth range and mixed with concreteThe concrete reacts, crystallizes and solidifies to generate C-S-H gel (CaO)x·SiO2·(H2O)y) And crystals, thereby effectively improving the bonding strength with the attachment surface in the tunnel. The expanded perlite is a light filler, has the characteristics of light apparent density, low heat conductivity coefficient, good chemical stability, wide use temperature range, small moisture absorption capacity, no toxicity, no smell, fire prevention, sound absorption and the like, and is used as a filler in the coating of the invention to act synergistically with other components of the fireproof coating.
Kaolin is an aluminum-containing silicate mineral, is mainly in a white soft mud shape, has fine particles, is similar to flour, has good plasticity and cohesiveness, and has strong electrical insulation performance; good acid resistance, strong ion adsorption and ion exchange, good sintering property, high refractoriness and the like, and can be used as a filler to improve the chemical stability of the coating.
The aluminum silicate fiber is a novel light refractory material, has the advantages of light volume weight, high temperature resistance, good thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, small heat capacity, good mechanical vibration resistance, small thermal expansion, good heat insulation performance and the like, is used as a filler, is mainly used for enhancing the self-fire resistance of the coating, improving the fire resistance time, reducing the thermal conductivity and prolonging the fire resistance time of concrete. Particularly, under the condition of sudden and rapid temperature rise, the phenomena of coating explosion, rapid loss of the strength of steel and concrete and the like caused by that the temperature of a concrete building reaches more than 600 ℃ in a short time can be avoided.
The mica powder and the fly ash hollow floating beads are used as light high-temperature-resistant inorganic filler in the coating, have incombustibility and excellent heat-insulating property, improve the fire resistance of the coating, reduce the heat transfer coefficient and prolong the fire-resistant time of concrete. The fly ash hollow floating bead has light weight and large volume (the true density is 0.15-0.70 g/cm)3And the particle size is between 5 and 150 mu m), the dry density of the coating can be reduced, and secondary damage caused by falling of the tunnel coating can be prevented. The fly ash hollow floating bead and the mica powder also have the excellent performances of low heat conductivity coefficient, dispersibility, fluidity, good stability, insulation, fire resistance, self lubrication, heat insulation, non-water absorption, corrosion resistance, radiation protection, no toxicity, no odor and the like, so the fly ash hollow floating bead and the mica powder can improveThe fluidity of the coating enables the coating to have good construction performance.
The wollastonite powder is used as a reinforcing filler in the coating disclosed by the invention, so that the toughness and the durability of the coating can be improved, the surface smoothness and the good glossiness of the coating can be kept, and the washing resistance, the weathering resistance and the ageing resistance are improved. The wollastonite powder has the excellent physicochemical characteristics of lubricity, anti-adhesion, flow aid, softness, strong adsorption force and the like, so that the thick paste coating has good uniform coating property and strong enhanced adhesion force (adhesive force), and cracks are reduced. The wollastonite powder also has the characteristics of fire resistance, acid resistance, insulativity, high melting point, chemical inertness and the like, effectively improves the mechanical strength of the coating, increases the lasting weather resistance and covering power, reduces the oil absorption, enhances the corrosion resistance, and can be used as an anticorrosive coating of steel in concrete when the coating is alkaline.
The expanded vermiculite is an aluminosilicate mineral containing iron and magnesium, and has a layered structure with crystal water between layers. And calcining the vermiculite at 850-1000 ℃, wherein the particles can expand by more than 20 times to obtain the expanded vermiculite. It has very small density and light weight, about 80-200kg/m3The heat conductivity is small, about 0.17-0.25W/(m.K), the fire resistance is strong, and the coating is nontoxic and tasteless and is an important filler of the fireproof coating.
Preferably, the portland cement is 42.5R in specification. The high alumina cement is C50 cement. Preferably, the particle size of the fly ash hollow floating bead is 200-325 meshes. Preferably, the expanded vermiculite is of 180-300 mesh size. Preferably, the aluminum silicate fibers are available from Shandong Luyang energy saving materials, Inc. Mica powder and kaolin are purchased from Beijing lanning. Preferably, the wollastonite powder is available from the Goodpasture chemical industry and has a specification of 200 meshes, 325 meshes or 400 meshes.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the portland cement to the high-alumina cement is 6: 1.
Preferably, the inorganic fireproof coating for the tunnel comprises the following components in every 100 parts by weight of powder: 36 parts of portland cement, 6 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 15 parts of expanded perlite, 8.5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 3 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5 parts of wollastonite powder and 10 parts of expanded vermiculite.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for using an inorganic fireproof coating for a tunnel, which comprises the steps of mixing Portland cement, high-alumina cement, water-soluble potassium silicate, expanded perlite, kaolin, aluminum silicate fiber, mica powder, fly ash hollow floating beads, wollastonite powder and expanded vermiculite in proportion, adding water and stirring uniformly to obtain a thick slurry coating, and using the thick slurry coating at present.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the tunnel inorganic coating has the following advantages:
(1) the paint has the advantages of good uniform coating property, easy construction, small coating thickness, small dry density, light weight, no need of multiple brushing and construction, and prevention of larger secondary damage after stripping.
(2) The adhesive strength is high, the coating is not easy to crack, hollowly and peel due to strong wind and vibration after long-time use, the adhesive strength with the concrete surface of the tunnel reaches 0.25-035MPa, and the actual requirements of the tunnel are completely met.
(3) The coating has good water resistance, and after the coating is dried, the moisture absorption rate is extremely low, and the coating can not absorb moisture and swell even being in a wet environment of a tunnel for a long time and can not generate mildew.
(4) The fire-resistant, environment-friendly, nontoxic and harmless, does not generate any toxic gas or dust under high temperature, and does not influence the timely fire fighting action under the condition of fire; the coating has low heat transfer coefficient, can effectively prolong the fire-resistant time of concrete, and particularly can avoid the phenomena of short-time strength quick loss of concrete buildings and the like when encountering the condition of sudden quick temperature rise.
(5) Other advantages are as follows: the coating is beautiful, if the coating is alkaline, the corrosion of steel bars in concrete is prevented, the coating has good self-lubricating property, easy coating and scraping, convenient construction, and low construction cost and cost.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The inorganic fireproof coating for the tunnel comprises the following components in parts by weight per 100: 32 parts of Portland cement, 5.5 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 15 parts of expanded perlite, 10 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 3 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5 parts of wollastonite powder and 10 parts of expanded vermiculite. Wherein the specification of the portland cement is 42.5R, and the high-alumina cement is C50 cement. The mass ratio of the portland cement to the high-alumina cement is 5.8: 1. The fly ash hollow floating bead is 325, the specification of expanded vermiculite is 180-fold and 200 meshes, and the fly ash hollow floating bead is purchased from Hubei Lingshou county; aluminum silicate fibers were purchased from Shandong Luyang energy saving materials, Inc. Mica powder and kaolin are purchased from Beijing lanning. Wollastonite powder available from Geder chemical engineering and having a 325 mesh specification.
Examples 2 to 9
Examples 2-9 below the specification and source of purchase of the components are referenced to example 1, and formulated as set forth below in table 1.
To illustrate the effect of the above components in the coating formulations of the present invention, the amounts of some of the components were adjusted or some of the components were replaced to obtain the ratios of comparative examples 1-5 as shown in Table 2.
Table 2:
the main properties of the tunnel inorganic fireproof coating compounded in examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-5 are tested according to GB28375 and 2012 'fireproof coating for concrete structure' and are shown in the following 4. Table 3 shows the main performance index requirements of the fireproof coating for the concrete structure specified in GB 28375-2012.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
The following table shows the measured fire resistance as the measured coating thickness of 16mm, the highest temperature on the bottom surface of the concrete slab when the test time of the fire resistance is 2.00h, and the highest single point temperature on the bottom surface of the reinforcing mesh of the 25mm protective layer in the concrete slab.
From the above table of test performance it can be seen that:
when the composition of comparative example 1 was only ordinary portland cement, and no high alumina cement was compounded, the heat and fire resistance of the coating was significantly reduced. When the proportion of the reinforcing agent for the adhesive property of the coating and the high-modulus water-soluble potassium silicate with the alkali and mildew resistant effects in the comparative example 2 is reduced to 0, the adhesive strength of the whole coating formula system is obviously reduced, the adhesive property with the surface of a concrete plate is reduced, and the mildew resistant effect is also obviously reduced. Comparative example 3 is the same amount of bentonite as that of example 4, except that kaolin is replaced with bentonite, the adhesive strength of the coating on the surface of the concrete slab is reduced, the drying time (tack-free period h) is prolonged, and the fire resistance is also reduced to some extent as compared with example 4.
Comparative example 4 on the basis of example 4, the compounding ratio of the aluminum silicate fiber was reduced to 0, and in this formulation system, after the aluminum silicate fiber was lost, the fire resistance of the coating itself was reduced, and it was particularly obvious that cracks and large-area falling occurred in the face of the hc curve of rapid temperature rise, and the fire resistance time was also reduced. Comparative example 5 in example 4, the mica powder was replaced with the same amount of light calcium carbonate, and as a result, the adhesive strength of the coating on the concrete plate surface was reduced, the drying time (tack-free h) was increased, and the fire resistance was also reduced to some extent as compared with example 4.
The fire resistance of examples 6 to 9 is the best in terms of fire resistance, and particularly in example 8, the paint of example 9 has a high adhesive strength and the adhesion is the strongest in terms of adhesive strength.
The inorganic refractory material for the tunnel has the advantages of small coating thickness, light coating weight, low dry density, material saving, low heat conduction, capability of greatly improving the fire-resistant time of a steel structure, attractive coating, no hollowing, no cracking, acid resistance, low hygroscopicity, mildew resistance, environmental protection and no toxicity in case of fire, convenience in construction, low construction cost and the like, is a fireproof anticorrosive coating for the concrete wall surface, is very suitable for being used in a special environment of the tunnel, and solves the problems of rapid strength loss, burning collapse and the like of a concrete building structure caused by firing in a tunnel-closed environment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The inorganic fireproof paint for the tunnel is characterized by being powder, and each 100 parts by weight of the powder comprises the following components: 32-36 parts of Portland cement, 5.5-7.5 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5-8.8 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 12-25 parts of expanded perlite, 7.4-17.4 parts of kaolin, 3.7-6.2 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 2.5-3.7 parts of mica powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5-8 parts of wollastonite powder and 10-15 parts of expanded vermiculite.
2. The inorganic fireproof coating for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the portland cement has a specification of 42.5R; the high alumina cement is C50 cement.
3. The inorganic fireproof coating for tunnels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the fly ash hollow floating bead is 200-325 mesh.
4. The inorganic fireproof coating for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the specification of the expanded vermiculite is 180-300 meshes.
5. The inorganic fireproof tunnel coating of claim 1, wherein the wollastonite powder is 200 mesh, 325 mesh or 400 mesh.
6. The inorganic fireproof coating for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the portland cement to the high-alumina cement is 6: 1.
7. The inorganic fireproof tunnel coating of claim 1, wherein the inorganic fireproof tunnel coating comprises the following components in parts by weight per 100 parts by weight: 36 parts of portland cement, 6 parts of high-alumina cement, 6.5 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, 15 parts of expanded perlite, 8.5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 3 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of fly ash hollow floating beads, 5 parts of wollastonite powder and 10 parts of expanded vermiculite.
8. A method for using the inorganic fireproof coating for the tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the Portland cement, the high-alumina cement, the water-soluble potassium silicate, the expanded perlite, the kaolin, the aluminum silicate fiber, the mica powder, the fly ash hollow floating bead, the wollastonite powder and the expanded vermiculite are mixed in proportion, water is added to the mixture and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain the thick slurry coating, and the thick slurry coating is prepared for use.
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| CN202110785265.7A CN113321482A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Inorganic fireproof coating for tunnel and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115232496A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-10-25 | 广东力达新材料科技有限公司 | Tunnel fireproof coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN116640469A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-25 | 广东聚石科技研究院有限公司 | Non-expansion type gray calcium-based fireproof paint and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2003138891A (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Fire-resistive covering structure in tunnel |
| CN101570422A (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2009-11-04 | 江西龙正科技发展有限公司 | Novel fireproof coating exclusively for tunnel |
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| JP2003138891A (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Fire-resistive covering structure in tunnel |
| CN101570422A (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2009-11-04 | 江西龙正科技发展有限公司 | Novel fireproof coating exclusively for tunnel |
| CN103043976A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-17 | 宝鸡市铁军化工防腐安装有限责任公司 | Thin fire-resistant/flame-retardant paint for tunnel and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115232496A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-10-25 | 广东力达新材料科技有限公司 | Tunnel fireproof coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN116640469A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-25 | 广东聚石科技研究院有限公司 | Non-expansion type gray calcium-based fireproof paint and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210831 |