CN113320673B - Thrust bearing device based on active thrust balance technology - Google Patents
Thrust bearing device based on active thrust balance technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN113320673B CN113320673B CN202110710416.2A CN202110710416A CN113320673B CN 113320673 B CN113320673 B CN 113320673B CN 202110710416 A CN202110710416 A CN 202110710416A CN 113320673 B CN113320673 B CN 113320673B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/32—Other parts
- B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/08—Propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/32—Other parts
- B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
- B63H2023/325—Thrust bearings, i.e. axial bearings for propeller shafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to ship main shaft system equipment, in particular to a thrust bearing device based on an active thrust balance technology. The hydraulic oil pressure is controlled in real time through the servo hydraulic machine, and the sectional accumulation difference of the first mechanical sealing surface and the tail mechanical sealing surface is combined, so that the surface of the movable ring bears the axial counter force capable of counteracting the thrust borne by the shafting, the structure of the thrust bearing for bearing the thrust is greatly simplified, the size and the weight of the thrust bearing are reduced, wherein the movable ring, the forward stationary ring and the reverse stationary ring are made of hard alloy and graphite carbon materials, compared with the traditional thrust bearing, the weight of materials used by the traditional thrust bearing is greatly reduced, and the friction surface area is only half of that of a thrust block of the traditional thrust bearing due to the fact that the movable ring, the forward stationary ring, the movable ring and the reverse stationary ring are made of graphite carbon-hard alloy, the friction surface area is favorable for reducing friction heat generation, the cooling requirement can be met only by a small amount of cooling water, and a complicated cooling system is not required, so that the simplification of an accessory system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to ship main shaft system equipment, in particular to a thrust bearing device based on an active thrust balance technology.
Background
The thrust bearing is one of important equipment of the submersible shafting, and is used as a thrust transmission pivot to transmit thrust or pulling force generated by the propeller to the hull so as to push the hull to advance or retreat.
At present, a conventional thrust bearing is commonly used in a main propulsion shafting of a ship, the thrust bearing adopts a thrust ring, a thrust shoe and a thrust balance mechanism to transfer and balance the thrust of the shafting, a plurality of thrust block structures are generally placed at a forward and reverse end of the conventional Michael bearing structure respectively, and a group of upper and lower balance block groups are arranged behind the thrust blocks and used for balancing uneven stress caused by installation errors of the thrust blocks. The structure is complex, parts are numerous, the requirement on mounting precision is high, and the simplified design and the manufacture of the bearing structure are not facilitated.
Meanwhile, the traditional thrust bearing takes a thrust shoe as a core bearing part, utilizes the dynamic pressure lubrication principle, passes through eccentric arrangement of thrust block fulcrums, and depends on that lubricating oil is brought in from the large end of the thrust block in the rotating process of a shafting to form an oil wedge, so that the shafting thrust is transferred from the rotating shafting to the static thrust block. The friction surface of the structure is large, certain heat can be generated on the friction surface in the normal use process, bearing cooling is carried out in a mode of sliding oil in a cooling cavity of an external forced lubricating oil system or a water cooling system, an auxiliary system is complicated, a large amount of arrangement space is occupied on a ship, and the ship cannot be adapted to the development of miniaturization and simplification of the auxiliary system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the thrust bearing device based on the active thrust balance technology can greatly simplify the structure of the thrust bearing, reduce the size and weight of the thrust bearing and simplify the accessory system of the thrust bearing, thereby meeting the design requirement of ship miniaturization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a thrust bearing device based on initiative thrust balance technique, includes thrust shaft and suit thrust bearing body on the thrust shaft, and fixed mounting has the rotating ring on the thrust shaft, its characterized in that: the thrust shaft comprises a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are both cylinders, the diameter of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the movable ring is fixed on the first section of the thrust shaft and is connected with the second section, the first section of the thrust shaft is sleeved with a positive static ring, the second section is sleeved with a reversing static ring, the positive static ring is matched with the first end face of the movable ring to form mechanical dynamic seal, the reversing static ring is matched with the tail end face of the movable ring to form mechanical dynamic seal, the sectional area of the first mechanical sealing face formed by the positive static ring and the first end face of the movable ring is smaller than that of the tail mechanical sealing face formed by the reversing static ring and the tail end face of the movable ring, hydraulic oil is filled in the bearing body, the bearing body is communicated with a servo hydraulic machine through a hydraulic pipeline, and the servo hydraulic machine is connected with a thrust control system through a cable, and the thrust control system is used for controlling the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the bearing body in real time based on an active thrust balance mode. .
Preferably, the active thrust balancing mode specifically includes: the thrust control system collects thrust borne by the shafting in real time and converts the thrust into a control signal for the servo hydraulic press, and the servo hydraulic press controls the output hydraulic oil pressure in real time according to the control signal given by the thrust control system and controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the bearing body in real time through a hydraulic pipeline.
Preferably, the hydraulic oil pressure P output by the servo hydraulic machine satisfies the following relationship:
P＝4F/[π(D 1 2 -D 2 2 )]
wherein F is the thrust exerted by the shafting, D 1 The diameter of the cross section of the tail mechanical sealing surface is D2, and the diameter of the cross section of the head mechanical sealing surface is D.
Preferably, the stationary ring for the positive turning is pressed on the head end face of the movable ring through a head pressing spring, and the stationary ring for the reverse turning is pressed on the tail end face of the movable ring through a tail pressing spring.
Preferably, the movable ring is made of hard alloy, and the stationary forward ring and the stationary backward ring are made of graphite carbon.
Preferably, the thrust bearing body comprises a shell, and a head cover and a tail cover which are connected with two ends of the shell, wherein the head cover and the tail cover are in clearance fit with the thrust shaft.
Preferably, the head end cover and the tail end cover are provided with mounting holes which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction, one end of the head compression spring is fixed in the mounting hole of the head end cover, the other end of the head compression spring is connected with the stationary ring of the forward vehicle, one end of the tail compression spring is fixed in the mounting hole of the tail end cover, and the other end of the tail compression spring is connected with the stationary ring of the reverse vehicle.
Preferably, the outer wall of the head end cover is in welding configuration with the shell, the inner wall of the head end cover is in sealing configuration with the stationary ring of the front car, the outer wall of the tail end cover is in welding configuration with the shell, and the inner wall of the tail end cover is in sealing configuration with the stationary ring of the back car.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main advantages:
1. by adopting an active thrust balance technology, the hydraulic oil pressure is controlled in real time through a servo hydraulic machine, and the sectional area difference of a first mechanical sealing surface and a tail mechanical sealing surface is combined, so that the surface of a movable ring bears an axial counter force capable of counteracting the thrust borne by a shafting, the structure of bearing the thrust inside a thrust bearing is greatly simplified, and the size and the weight of the thrust bearing are reduced;
2. the movable ring and the forward/reverse static ring are made of hard alloy and graphite carbon materials, so that the weight of the materials used by the thrust bearing is greatly reduced compared with that of the materials used by the traditional thrust bearing, and the total weight of the thrust bearing is further reduced;
3. the graphite carbon-hard alloy matching surfaces are arranged between the movable ring and the stationary ring for the forward running and between the movable ring and the stationary ring for the reverse running, the friction surface area is only half of that of a traditional thrust bearing thrust block, the friction energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the reduction of friction heat generation is facilitated;
4. because the thrust bearing has a simple internal structure and a small friction surface area, the cooling requirement can be met by only a small amount of cooling water, and a complicated cooling system is not required to be equipped, so that the simplification of an auxiliary system is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thrust bearing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a force-bearing schematic view of the thrust bearing assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a thrust bearing body; 2. a hydraulic line; 3. a servo hydraulic press; 4. a thrust control system; 5. a thrust shaft; 101. a housing; 102. a head end cover; 103. a moving ring; 104. stationary ring for positive vehicle; 105. reversing a static ring; 106. a first compression spring; 107. a tail hold-down spring; 108. and a tail end cover.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 and 2 is merely exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a thrust bearing device based on active thrust balance technology comprises a thrust bearing body 1 and a thrust shaft 5, wherein the thrust bearing body 1 is sleeved on the thrust shaft 5, a movable ring 103 is fixedly installed on the thrust shaft 5, the thrust shaft 5 comprises a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are both cylinders, the diameter of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the movable ring is fixed at the joint of the first section and the second section of the thrust shaft, a forward stationary ring 104 is sleeved on the first section of the thrust shaft, a reverse stationary ring 105 is sleeved on the second section, the forward stationary ring 104 is matched with the first end surface of the movable ring 103 to form mechanical dynamic seal, the reverse stationary ring 105 is matched with the second end surface of the movable ring 103 to form mechanical dynamic seal, the first mechanical seal surface of the forward stationary ring 103 and the first end surface of the movable ring is smaller than the second mechanical seal surface of the reverse stationary ring 105 and the second end surface of the movable ring, the bearing body 1 is internally full of hydraulic oil and is communicated with a servo hydraulic press 3 through a hydraulic pipeline 2, and the servo hydraulic press 3 is connected with a thrust control system 4 through a cable.
The stationary ring 104 is pressed on the head end face of the movable ring 103 through a head pressing spring 106, the stationary ring 105 is pressed on the tail end face of the movable ring 103 through a tail pressing spring 107, the thrust bearing body 1 comprises a shell 101, and a head end cover 102 and a tail end cover 108 which are connected with two end parts of the shell, the head end cover 102 and the tail end cover 108 are in clearance fit with the thrust shaft 5, mounting holes which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction are formed in the head end cover 102 and the tail end cover 108, the number of the mounting holes can be 6-12, one end of the head pressing spring 106 is fixed in the mounting hole of the head end cover 102, the other end of the head pressing spring is connected with the stationary ring 104, one end of the tail pressing spring 107 is fixed in the mounting hole of the tail end cover 108, and the other end of the tail pressing spring 107 is connected with the stationary ring 105.
The outer wall of the head cover 102 is welded with the shell 101, the inner wall of the head cover 102 is sealed with the stationary ring 104, the outer wall of the tail cover 108 is welded with the shell 101, and the inner wall of the tail cover 108 is sealed with the stationary ring 105.
The sealing of hydraulic oil in the thrust bearing cavity is realized through the sealing fit among the head/tail end cover, the forward/reverse static ring and the moving ring.
The thrust bearing device adopts an active thrust balance technology, and the thrust control system 4 controls the pressure of hydraulic oil in the bearing body 1 in real time based on an active thrust balance mode. The active thrust balance-based mode specifically comprises the following steps: the thrust control system 4 collects thrust borne by the shafting in real time and converts the thrust into a control signal for the servo hydraulic press 3, and the servo hydraulic press 3 controls the output hydraulic oil pressure in real time according to the control signal given by the thrust control system 4 and controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the bearing body 1 in real time through the hydraulic pipeline 2.
The principle of the active thrust balance technology is as follows: because the hydraulic oil in the thrust bearing cavity is sealing liquid and is communicated with the servo hydraulic machine through a hydraulic pipeline, the sealing liquid is also formed by the thrust bearing cavity and the hydraulic pipeline. According to the pascal principle: the pressure applied to the closed liquid can be transferred by the liquid in all directions without change, so that the servo hydraulic machine can form pressure (also called pressure in engineering) in a hydraulic pipeline through output pressure and transfer the pressure to all positions in the thrust bearing cavity through sealed hydraulic oil. Meanwhile, the sectional area of the first mechanical sealing surface formed by the front stationary ring and the front end surface of the movable ring is smaller than that of the tail mechanical sealing surface formed by the rear stationary ring and the rear end surface of the movable ring, and the sectional area difference is under the pressure of hydraulic oil in the cavity, so that the surface of the movable ring bears hydraulic force in the direction of the propeller, and the balance between the hydraulic force and the thrust borne by the shaft system can be realized by controlling the hydraulic force.
As shown in FIG. 2, the thrust force applied to the shaft system collected in real time by the thrust control system is F, and the diameter of the section of the first mechanical sealing surface formed by the front end face of the stationary ring and the front end face of the movable ring is D 2 The diameter of the section of the tail mechanical sealing surface formed by the tail end surfaces of the reversing stationary ring and the moving ring is D 1 The diameter of the outer circle of the movable ring is D 3 。
Let the pressure transmitted in each direction of the hydraulic oil be P 0 Hydraulic oil thrust force F applied to the head end face of the movable ring 1 The method comprises the following steps:
F 1 ＝P 0 *[π(D 3 2 -D 2 2 )/4]
hydraulic oil thrust force F applied to tail end face of movable ring 2 The method comprises the following steps:
F 2 ＝P 0 *[π(D 3 2 -D 1 2 )/4]
from the thrust balance, it is known that:
F＝F 1 -F 2 ＝P 0 *[π(D 1 2 -D 2 2 )/4]]
according to the pascal principle, the hydraulic oil pressure P output by the servo hydraulic machine can be transferred in all directions by the hydraulic oil without changing the magnitude, namely:
P＝P 0
the hydraulic oil pressure P output by the servo hydraulic machine satisfies the following relationship:
P＝4F/[π(D 1 2 -D 2 2 )]
because the active thrust balance technology is adopted to replace the thrust bearing structure of the traditional thrust bearing, the thrust bearing structure of the invention is greatly simplified, the movable ring is made of hard alloy, the stationary ring for the forward running and the stationary ring for the reverse running are made of graphite carbon, the total weight of the thrust bearing is further lightened, the weight can be reduced by more than 75 percent compared with the traditional thrust bearing under the same index, and the device miniaturization control effect of more than 90 percent of occupied volume is realized.
Meanwhile, because graphite carbon-hard alloy matching surfaces are arranged between the movable ring and the stationary ring for forward running and between the movable ring and the stationary ring for reverse running, the friction surface area is only half of that of a traditional thrust bearing thrust block, friction energy consumption is greatly reduced, friction heating is reduced, and because the friction heating value in the thrust bearing is extremely small, cooling requirements can be met only by a small amount of cooling water, a complicated cooling system is not required, simplification of an auxiliary system is realized, and therefore, the design requirement of ship miniaturization is met.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a thrust bearing device based on initiative thrust balance technique, includes thrust shaft and suit thrust bearing body on the thrust shaft, and fixed mounting has the rotating ring on the thrust shaft, its characterized in that: the thrust shaft comprises a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are both cylinders, the diameter of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the movable ring is fixed on the joint of the first section and the second section of the thrust shaft, a positive static ring is sleeved on the first section of the thrust shaft, a reversing static ring is sleeved on the second section, the positive static ring is matched with the first end face of the movable ring to form mechanical dynamic seal, the reversing static ring is matched with the second end face of the movable ring to form mechanical dynamic seal, the cross section of a first mechanical seal formed by the positive static ring and the first end face of the movable ring is smaller than that of a second mechanical seal formed by the reversing static ring and the second end face of the movable ring, hydraulic oil is filled in the bearing body and communicated with the servo hydraulic machine through a hydraulic pipeline, and the servo hydraulic machine is connected with a thrust control system through a cable, and the thrust control system controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the bearing body in real time based on an active thrust balance mode, so that the hydraulic pressure of the surface of the movable ring bears the direction of a propeller and the thrust borne by a shaft system is balanced;
the forward stationary ring is pressed on the head end surface of the movable ring through a head pressing spring, and the reverse stationary ring is pressed on the tail end surface of the movable ring through a tail pressing spring;
the movable ring is made of hard alloy, and the stationary ring for positive and reverse driving is made of graphite carbon;
the active thrust balance-based mode specifically comprises the following steps: the thrust control system collects thrust borne by the shafting in real time and converts the thrust into a control signal for the servo hydraulic press, and the servo hydraulic press controls the output hydraulic oil pressure in real time according to the control signal given by the thrust control system and controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the bearing body in real time through a hydraulic pipeline;
the hydraulic oil pressure P output by the servo hydraulic machine meets the following relation:
P＝4F/[π(D 1 2 -D 2 2 )]
wherein F is the thrust exerted by the shafting, D 1 The diameter of the cross section of the tail mechanical sealing surface is D2, and the diameter of the cross section of the head mechanical sealing surface is D.
2. The thrust bearing assembly based on active thrust balancing techniques of claim 1, wherein: the thrust bearing body comprises a shell, and a head end cover and a tail end cover which are connected with two end parts of the shell, wherein the head end cover and the tail end cover are in clearance fit with a thrust shaft.
3. A thrust bearing assembly based on active thrust balancing techniques according to claim 2, wherein: the head end cover and the tail end cover are provided with mounting holes which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction, one end of the head compression spring is fixed in the mounting hole of the head end cover, the other end of the head compression spring is connected with the stationary ring of the front car, one end of the tail compression spring is fixed in the mounting hole of the tail end cover, and the other end of the tail compression spring is connected with the stationary ring of the back car.
4. A thrust bearing assembly based on active thrust balancing techniques according to claim 2, wherein: the outer wall of the head end cover is in welding configuration with the shell, the inner wall of the head end cover is in sealing configuration with the stationary ring of the front car, the outer wall of the tail end cover is in welding configuration with the shell, and the inner wall of the tail end cover is in sealing configuration with the stationary ring of the back car.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110710416.2A CN113320673B (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Thrust bearing device based on active thrust balance technology |
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| CN202110710416.2A CN113320673B (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Thrust bearing device based on active thrust balance technology |
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| CN113320673A CN113320673A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
| CN113320673B true CN113320673B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114104244B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-06-23 | 上海涟屹轴承科技有限公司 | Thrust bearing structure for ship |
| CN114572373B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江海洋大学 | High-stability ship propulsion device based on hydraulic thrust bearing |
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| GB1365835A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-09-04 | Kuiken J | Stern shaft seals |
| CN107477185A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团核电泵业有限公司 | A kind of oil lubrication thrust bearing mechanical sealing system and cooling medium pump |
| CN110588942A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Ship shafting thrust transmission device |
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| GB1465069A (en) * | 1973-09-26 | 1977-02-23 | Burmah Engineering Co Ltd | Mechanical seals |
| CN202992461U (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-06-12 | 山东飞越机械有限公司 | Rotating joint of replaceable sealing element |
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| CN111828642B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2024-07-16 | 清华大学 | Mechanical seal and thrust bearing combined bearing device |
| CN110159664B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-01-15 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Shafting thrust compensation device |
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2021
- 2021-06-25 CN CN202110710416.2A patent/CN113320673B/en active Active
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| GB1365835A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-09-04 | Kuiken J | Stern shaft seals |
| CN107477185A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团核电泵业有限公司 | A kind of oil lubrication thrust bearing mechanical sealing system and cooling medium pump |
| CN110588942A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Ship shafting thrust transmission device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 大型水泵导轴承应用研究;仇宝云;流体机械;第第34卷卷(第第11期期);全文 * |
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