CN113319101B - Kitchen waste pretreatment system and pretreatment method thereof - Google Patents
Kitchen waste pretreatment system and pretreatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113319101B CN113319101B CN202110562694.8A CN202110562694A CN113319101B CN 113319101 B CN113319101 B CN 113319101B CN 202110562694 A CN202110562694 A CN 202110562694A CN 113319101 B CN113319101 B CN 113319101B
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment system. The device comprises a bag breaking chamber, a rough separation chamber, a fine separation chamber, an oil extraction chamber and a solid phase collecting and conveying system; the rough separation chamber is positioned below the bag breaking chamber; the fine separation chamber is arranged on the side of the coarse separation chamber; the oil extraction chamber is positioned below the rough separation chamber; the solid phase collecting and conveying system is positioned on the sides of the coarse separation chamber, the fine separation chamber and the oil extraction chamber; a vibrating screen and a percolate spraying device are arranged in the rough separation chamber; the vibrating screen is arranged obliquely; the percolate spraying device is arranged above the vibrating screen; the slurry temporary storage tank is positioned below the vibrating screen; the solid phase collecting chamber is positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen; the solid phase collecting and conveying system comprises a material receiving hopper and a spiral conveying device; the spiral conveying device is obliquely arranged; the material receiving hopper is connected above the feed inlet of the spiral conveying device; the percolate temporary storage tank is positioned below the solid phase collection chamber. The invention has the advantages of good solid-liquid separation degree and high crude oil extraction rate. The invention also discloses a pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of domestic solid waste treatment, in particular to a kitchen waste pretreatment system, and more particularly to a kitchen waste pretreatment system suitable for a collaborative incineration process. The invention also relates to a pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system.
Background
With the implementation of domestic garbage classification policy, the treatment of kitchen garbage is gradually emphasized by all regions. At present, the treatment of the kitchen waste mainly adopts a resource process route of fermenting and preparing marsh gas: the kitchen waste is pulped and then mixed with specific strains, and the kitchen waste is treated by utilizing the characteristic that microorganisms decompose organic matters and generate methane in an anaerobic environment. Because the organic fertilizer product prepared from the biogas residues in the process is not high in marketability, the process can only recover part of energy in the kitchen waste, and the recycling degree of substances is low. The biogas residues which cannot be sold outside need to be treated at a certain expense by a treatment plant, so that the cost for treating the kitchen waste by the anaerobic fermentation process is further increased.
In recent years, domestic waste power plants have also begun to attempt to treat kitchen waste, which mainly employs a process of co-incineration: namely, dry matters in the kitchen waste are sent into an incinerator for incineration, and the percolate is sent to a percolate treatment system in the factory for treatment. The process can realize harmless and quantitative reduction treatment of the kitchen waste. In addition, the treatment cost of the process is less than that of the anaerobic fermentation process. Therefore, the cooperative treatment of the kitchen waste by utilizing the waste power plant becomes a mainstream technology in the industry.
However, the kitchen waste is co-processed in the waste power plant, a conventional kitchen waste pretreatment system is usually adopted for treating the kitchen waste, the system is set for an oxygen fermentation process, the kitchen waste pretreatment system adopted in the current waste power plant is designed by referring to an anaerobic fermentation process, and the process is designed primarily for enabling the kitchen waste to be in full contact reaction with a strain as much as possible, so that the process needs to crush the kitchen waste and disperse organic matters into slurry for fermentation as much as possible. And contrast rubbish power plant can discover, and rubbish power plant carries out the preliminary treatment to kitchen garbage more is the process of carrying out solid-liquid separation, and it burns to keep more organic matters in the solid phase, reduces organic matters and then reduces in the filtration liquid that the filtration liquid treatment degree of difficulty is the key of burning technology in coordination. Therefore, the kitchen waste pretreatment systems adopted by the existing waste power plants still have some problems, the adopted conventional kitchen waste pretreatment systems are all pretreatment processes (including crushing, heating, pulping and the like) of anaerobic fermentation technology, solid-phase organic matters are dispersed into leachate by adopting the crushing process, the treatment difficulty of the leachate is increased, and the solid-liquid separation degree is general. Based on this, it is necessary to develop a kitchen waste pretreatment system suitable for a waste power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a kitchen waste pretreatment system which has good solid-liquid separation degree and high crude oil extraction rate, is suitable for a kitchen waste pretreatment system of a waste power plant, and is suitable for a synergetic incineration process.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system, which has the advantages of simple process, good solid-liquid separation degree and high crude oil extraction rate, and in the process of carrying out solid-liquid separation, more organic matters are retained in a solid phase and are sent to be incinerated, so that the organic matters in the leachate are reduced, the treatment difficulty of the leachate is further reduced, and the pretreatment method is suitable for the collaborative incineration of the kitchen waste in a waste power plant.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the utility model provides a kitchen garbage pretreatment system which characterized in that: comprises a bag breaking chamber, a rough separation chamber, a fine separation chamber, an oil extraction chamber and a solid phase collecting and conveying system;
the rough separation chamber is positioned below the bag breaking chamber; the fine separation chamber is arranged on the side of the coarse separation chamber;
the oil extraction chamber is positioned below the rough separation chamber;
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is positioned on the sides of the coarse separation chamber, the fine separation chamber and the oil extraction chamber;
a vibrating screen and a percolate spraying device are arranged in the rough separation chamber; the vibrating screen is arranged obliquely;
the percolate spraying device is arranged above the vibrating screen;
the slurry temporary storage tank is positioned below the vibrating screen; the solid phase collecting chamber is positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen;
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is arranged in the solid phase collecting chamber; the solid phase collecting and conveying system comprises a material receiving hopper and a spiral conveying device;
the spiral conveying device is obliquely arranged; the material receiving hopper is connected above the feed inlet of the spiral conveying device;
the percolate temporary storage tank is positioned below the solid phase collection chamber;
a fine grid net is arranged between the solid phase collection chamber and the percolate temporary storage tank.
In the technical scheme, the bag breaking chamber is arranged at the garbage feeding hopper; a bag breaking device is arranged in the bag breaking chamber; the bag breaking device comprises a stirring shaft and steel nails arranged on the stirring shaft in a staggered manner.
In the technical scheme, the slurry temporary storage tank is internally provided with the slurry pump and the stirrer.
In the technical scheme, a slurry spraying device and a fine grid are arranged in the fine separation chamber;
the fine grid is obliquely arranged and is positioned on the belt conveyor;
the solid phase collecting chamber is positioned at the tail parts of the fine grating and the belt conveyor;
the slurry spraying device is positioned above the fine grid;
the liquid phase buffer tank is positioned below the fine grating and the belt conveyor; and a liquid phase stirrer and a submersible sewage pump are arranged in the liquid phase cache tank.
In the technical scheme, the oil extraction chamber is positioned on the side of the liquid phase buffer tank; the crude oil temporary storage tank and the percolate temporary storage tank are respectively arranged below the oil extraction chamber;
the oil extraction chamber is internally provided with a three-phase centrifuge and a cyclone desander; the liquid phase buffer tank is sequentially connected with the cyclone desander and the three-phase centrifuge; the three-phase centrifuge is respectively connected with the crude oil temporary storage tank and the percolate temporary storage tank;
the bucket elevator arranged at the tail end of the oil extraction chamber is respectively connected with the cyclone sand remover, the three-phase centrifuge and the solid phase collection chamber.
In the technical scheme, the leachate spraying device is connected at the outlet of the leachate temporary storage tank, and the slurry spraying device is connected at the outlet of the slurry temporary storage tank; the outlets of the slurry temporary storage tank and the percolate temporary storage tank are respectively provided with a three-way valve and a flow regulating device.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: the bagged kitchen waste enters a bag breaking chamber through a waste feed hopper, is broken under the action of a bag breaking device and falls into a rough separation chamber;
step two: the bag-broken kitchen waste falls on a vibrating screen of a coarse separation chamber, coarse screening is completed under the vibration action of the vibrating screen, a liquid phase separated by the coarse screening enters a slurry temporary storage tank, and a separated solid phase enters a solid phase collection chamber;
the leachate spraying device sprays leachate separated by the kitchen waste pretreatment system to the surface of kitchen waste on the vibrating screen to flush grease adhered to the kitchen waste; the solid phase which is screened by the vibrating screen and washed by the percolate spraying device enters a solid phase collecting chamber at the tail part of the vibrating screen;
step three: the liquid phase entering the slurry temporary storage tank is uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer and is conveyed to enter a fine separation chamber under the action of a slurry pump; the slurry conveyed into the fine separation chamber is sprayed on the fine grid under the action of the slurry spraying device, a solid phase on the fine grid enters the solid phase collection chamber along with the belt conveyor, and a liquid phase enters the liquid phase temporary storage tank;
step four: the liquid phase in the liquid phase temporary storage tank is input into an oil extraction room through a submersible sewage pump; after desanding through a cyclone desander, the separated solid phase is lifted to a solid phase collecting chamber by a bucket in an oil lifting room, the separated liquid phase enters a percolate temporary storage tank, and the separated crude oil enters the crude oil temporary storage tank;
step five: the solid-phase substances entering the solid-phase collection chamber are collected into the spiral conveying device through the material collecting hopper, and the solid-phase substances are conveyed to a garbage pool of the garbage power plant to be combusted cooperatively under the action of the spiral conveying device; the spiral conveying device extrudes the percolate generated by solid-phase substances in the conveying process to enter the bottom of the solid-phase collecting chamber along the spiral conveying device, the slag is removed under the action of the grid net, and the liquid phase filtered by the grid net returns to the percolate temporary storage tank.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The crushing process is not adopted, so that the loss of organic matters in a solid phase is reduced, more combustible materials can be fed into a burning system to burn, and the difficulty in treating percolate is reduced;
(2) The oil extraction in the system disclosed by the invention adopts hydraulic flushing, and the washing water adopts circulating water, so that the steam heating step in the conventional treatment process is reduced, and the oil extraction cost of the system is reduced;
(3) The invention has compact structure and small occupied area, and is suitable for garbage incineration plants with less land area;
(4) The invention has higher modularization degree, low installation and maintenance difficulty and strong adaptability to domestic kitchen waste;
(5) The method has the advantages of simple process, good solid-liquid separation degree and high crude oil extraction rate, more organic matters are retained in the solid phase and are sent to be burned in the solid-liquid separation process, the organic matters in the leachate are reduced, the leachate treatment difficulty is further reduced, and the method is suitable for the cooperative burning of the kitchen waste by a waste power plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the kitchen waste pretreatment system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a kitchen waste pretreatment system according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-rotating shaft, 2-bag breaking device, 3-percolate spraying system, 4-vibrating screen, 5-receiving hopper, 6-spiral conveying device, 7-grid net, 8-blow-down pipe, 9-three-phase centrifuge, 10-circulating pump, 11-cyclone desander, 12-liquid phase stirrer, 13-submersible sewage pump, 14-slurry pump, 15-stirrer blade, 16-slurry spraying device, 17-steel nail, 18-garbage feed hopper, 19-belt conveyor, a-bag breaking chamber, b-rough separation chamber, c-slurry temporary storage tank, d-fine separation chamber, e-liquid phase temporary storage tank, f-oil extraction chamber, g-crude oil temporary storage tank, h-percolate temporary storage tank and i-solid phase collection chamber.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a kitchen waste pretreatment system comprises a bag breaking chamber a, a coarse separation chamber b, a fine separation chamber d, an oil extraction chamber f and a solid phase collection and conveying system;
the rough separation chamber b is positioned below the bag breaking chamber a; the fine separation chamber d is arranged beside the coarse separation chamber b;
the oil extracting chamber f is positioned below the coarse separation chamber b;
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is positioned on the sides of the coarse separation chamber b, the fine separation chamber d and the oil extracting chamber f;
a vibrating screen 4 and a percolate spraying device 3 are arranged in the rough separation chamber b; the vibrating screen 4 is obliquely arranged, and the oblique direction of the vibrating screen 4 is the same as the conveying direction of the kitchen waste; the kitchen waste can move conveniently;
the leachate spraying device 3 is arranged above the vibrating screen 4, leachate with low solid content separated from the tail part of the system is used as flushing water to flush large kitchen waste staying on the screen plate, and grease adsorbed on the surface of the kitchen waste is guaranteed to be eluted;
the slurry temporary storage tank c is positioned below the vibrating screen 4; the solid phase collection chamber i is positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen 4;
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is arranged in the solid phase collecting chamber i; the solid phase collecting and conveying system comprises a material receiving hopper 5 and a spiral conveying device 6; vibrating the bag-broken garbage on a vibrating screen 4, wherein liquid-phase kitchen garbage and fine solid-phase kitchen garbage enter a slurry temporary storage tank c through a screen hole of the vibrating screen 4, and large solid-phase kitchen garbage is kept on the vibrating screen 4 and finally enters a solid-phase collection chamber i positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen 4 under the vibration of the vibrating screen 4;
the spiral conveying device 6 is obliquely arranged, one end of the spiral conveying device is positioned at the lower part of the solid phase collecting chamber i, and the other end of the spiral conveying device extends out of the solid phase collecting chamber i; the material receiving hopper 5 is positioned in the solid phase collection chamber i and is connected above the feed inlet of the spiral conveying device 6; the solid-phase collecting and conveying system is positioned at the tail end of the system, and solid-phase kitchen waste generated by the system enters a solid-phase collecting chamber i of the solid-phase collecting and conveying system and enters a spiral conveyor through a collecting hopper 5; the spiral conveyor is obliquely arranged, so that on one hand, solid-phase kitchen waste is conveyed to a waste pool of a waste power plant for synergistic combustion, and on the other hand, moisture in the solid-phase kitchen waste is further removed under the extrusion of the spiral conveyor, so that a dewatering effect is achieved;
the percolate temporary storage tank h is positioned below the solid phase collection chamber i; the water extruded by the screw conveyer flows to the bottom of the solid phase collection chamber i along the screw conveyer, and finally enters the percolate temporary storage tank h through a bottom hole;
a fine grid net 7 is arranged between the solid phase collection chamber i and the percolate temporary storage tank h, so that a small amount of solid mixed in the extruded liquid phase is prevented from entering the percolate temporary storage tank h; the fine grid net 7 is provided with a slag cleaning function, and slag materials cleaned regularly are sent into the oil extracting chamber f and are lifted back to the solid phase collecting chamber i together with solid phase substances in the oil extracting chamber f by the bucket.
Further, a bag breaking chamber a is provided at the garbage feed hopper 18; a bag breaking device 2 is arranged in the bag breaking chamber a; the bag breaking device 2 comprises a stirring shaft 1 and steel nails 17 which are arranged on the stirring shaft 1 in a staggered manner; a stirring shaft is arranged at the center of the bag breaking chamber a, steel nails are arranged on the stirring shaft in a staggered manner, and the steel nails rotate to cut bagged kitchen waste entering the feeding hopper along with the rotation of the stirring shaft, so that the bag breaking of the kitchen waste is realized;
the number, size and position of the steel nails in the bag breaking chamber a need to be specifically designed according to the characteristics of the incoming food and kitchen waste; and the steel nails are connected with the stirring shaft by threads, so that the steel nails are convenient to replace.
Furthermore, a slurry pump 14 and a stirrer 15 are arranged in the slurry spraying tank, and the stirring of the stirrer reduces the precipitation of solid-phase kitchen waste on one hand; on the other hand, under the action of stirring, grease remained on the fine solid-phase kitchen waste is further removed.
Furthermore, a slurry spraying device 16 and a fine grid are arranged in the fine separation chamber d;
the fine grating is obliquely arranged and is positioned on the belt conveyor 19, and the oblique directions of the fine grating, the belt conveyor 19 and the spiral conveying device 6 are opposite to the conveying direction of the kitchen waste;
the solid phase collecting chamber i is positioned at the tail part of the fine grid and the belt conveyor 19;
the slurry spraying device 16 is positioned above the fine grid; a slurry pump in the slurry temporary storage tank c conveys the slurry to a slurry spray head, and the slurry is sprayed onto the fine grid by the slurry spray head; the fine grid cuts off the fine solid-phase kitchen waste, and the cut solid-phase kitchen waste is conveyed to a solid-phase collection chamber i under the action of a belt conveyor 19; the liquid phase passing through the fine grid enters a liquid phase cache tank e;
the liquid phase buffer tank e is positioned below the fine grid and the belt conveyor 19; a liquid phase stirrer 12 and a submersible sewage pump 13 are arranged in the liquid phase cache tank e; and a stirrer and a submersible sewage pump are arranged in the liquid phase cache tank e and are used for conveying the liquid phase in the tank to the oil extracting chamber f for oil extraction.
Furthermore, the oil extracting chamber f is positioned beside the liquid phase buffer tank e; the crude oil temporary storage tank g and the percolate temporary storage tank h are respectively arranged below the oil extraction chamber f;
a three-phase centrifuge 9 and a cyclone desander 11 are arranged in the oil extracting chamber f; the liquid phase buffer tank e is sequentially connected with the cyclone desander 11 and the three-phase centrifuge 9; the three-phase centrifuge 9 is respectively connected with a crude oil temporary storage tank g and a percolate temporary storage tank h; in order to avoid the abrasion of fine sand to the system, a cyclone desander 11 is arranged in front of the three-phase centrifuge 9; conveying the liquid in the liquid phase buffer tank e to a cyclone desander 11 through a submersible sewage pump for desanding, then treating the liquid in a three-phase centrifuge 9, allowing the liquid phase generated by the three-phase centrifugation to enter a percolate temporary storage tank h, and allowing the generated crude oil to enter a crude oil temporary storage tank g;
the bucket elevator arranged at the tail end of the oil extraction chamber f is respectively connected with the cyclone sand remover 11, the three-phase centrifuge 9 and the solid phase collection chamber i; the fine sand separated by the cyclone sand remover and the solid phase separated by the three-phase centrifuge 9 are conveyed to a bucket elevator at the tail end of the oil extraction chamber f through a conveying system, and are conveyed into a solid phase collection chamber i through the bucket elevator.
Furthermore, a percolate spraying device 3 is connected at the outlet of the percolate temporary storage tank h, and a slurry spraying device 16 is connected at the outlet of the slurry temporary storage tank c; the outlets of the slurry temporary storage tank c and the percolate temporary storage tank h are provided with a three-way valve and a flow regulating device; recycling part of the percolate in the percolate temporary storage tank h to a percolate spraying device 3 of the coarse separation chamber b, and completely treating the rest percolate in a percolate treatment system of a garbage power plant; and the slurry in the slurry temporary storage tank c is recycled to a slurry spraying device 16 in the fine powder chamber d.
Stirring devices are arranged in the slurry temporary storage tank c and the liquid phase temporary storage tank e, so that the influence of solid phase deposition on the normal operation of a treatment system is avoided;
slurry is kept in jar c, liquid phase and is kept in jar e, crude oil and keep in jar g, percolate temporary storage jar h and all set up blow-down pipe 8 on the jar body, and the liquid phase is discharged by blow-down pipe 8 when overhauing, makes things convenient for emergency or overhauls whether handle through unloading.
Stirring shafts of the stirrers in the bag breaking chamber a and the slurry temporary storage tank c can share one set of transmission equipment, and a rotating speed adjusting device needs to be arranged at the interface of the two stirring shafts in the bag breaking chamber a and the slurry temporary storage tank c.
All screening systems (including fine grid, grid net etc.) set up electronic scarfing cinder system, manual scarfing cinder system, guarantee when electronic scarfing cinder system trouble, can also rely on manual scarfing cinder system to clear up the solid phase material on with sieve/screen cloth and get into the solid phase and collect the room, guarantee the reliability of system.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: the bagged kitchen waste enters the bag breaking chamber a through the waste feed hopper 18, is broken under the action of the bag breaking device 2 and falls into the rough separation chamber b;
step two: the bag-broken kitchen waste falls on a vibrating screen 4 of a coarse separation chamber b, coarse screening is completed under the vibration action of the vibrating screen 4, a liquid phase separated by the coarse screening enters a slurry temporary storage tank c, and a separated solid phase enters a solid phase collection chamber i;
a leachate spraying device 3 is arranged above the vibrating screen 4, and the leachate spraying device 3 sprays leachate (namely leachate in a leachate temporary storage tank h) separated by the kitchen garbage pretreatment system to the surface of the kitchen garbage on the vibrating screen 4 to wash grease adhered to the kitchen garbage; the solid phase which is screened by the vibrating screen 4 and washed by the percolate spraying device 3 enters a solid phase collection chamber i at the tail part of the vibrating screen 4;
step three: the liquid phase entering the slurry temporary storage tank c is uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer 15 and is conveyed into a fine separation chamber d under the action of a slurry pump 14; the slurry conveyed into the fine separation chamber d is sprayed on the fine grid under the action of the slurry spraying device 16, the solid phase on the fine grid enters a solid phase collection chamber i along with the belt conveyor, and the liquid phase enters a liquid phase temporary storage tank e;
step four: the liquid phase temporary storage tank is provided with a liquid phase stirring device 12 to prevent fine solids in the liquid phase from sinking to the bottom; the liquid phase which is uniformly mixed in the liquid phase temporary storage tank e is input into the oil extraction chamber f through a submersible sewage pump 13; in order to prevent fine sand in a liquid phase from damaging the three-phase centrifuge 9, a cyclone desander 11 is arranged in front of the three-phase centrifuge 9, the three-phase centrifuge 9 is desanded by the cyclone desander 11 and then is separated, a solid phase separated by the three-phase separator 9 is lifted to a solid phase collecting chamber i by a bucket in an oil lifting room f, a separated liquid phase enters a percolate temporary storage tank h, and a separated crude oil enters a crude oil temporary storage tank g; the fine sand separated by the cyclone desander 11 and the solid phase separated by the three-phase separator 9 are lifted to a solid phase collection chamber i by a bucket in the oil extraction chamber f;
step five: the solid-phase substances entering the solid-phase collection chamber i are collected into the spiral conveying device 6 through the material collecting hopper 5, and the solid-phase substances are conveyed to a garbage pool of the garbage power plant to be combusted cooperatively under the action of the spiral conveying device 6; the spiral conveying device 6 extrudes solid-phase substances in the conveying process to generate leachate, the leachate enters the bottom of the solid-phase collecting chamber i along the spiral conveying device 6, slag is removed under the action of the grille net 7, the liquid phase filtered by the grille net 7 returns to the leachate temporary storage tank h, the leachate spraying device 3 is connected at the outlet of the leachate temporary storage tank h, and the slurry spraying device 16 is connected at the outlet of the slurry temporary storage tank c, so that the kitchen waste pretreatment system forms a closed circulating system, filtrate and leachate are recycled, water consumption is reduced, the recycling rate of the leachate is increased, the oil extraction cost is reduced, the solid-liquid separation degree is increased, the crude oil extraction rate is increased, and organic matters in the leachate are reduced, so that the leachate treatment difficulty is reduced.
A circulating pump 10 is arranged in the percolate temporary storage tank h; under the action of the circulating pump 10, one part of percolate enters the rough separation chamber) b to be used as flushing water, and the rest is treated by a percolate treatment system of a garbage power plant. And the crude oil in the crude oil temporary storage tank g is periodically discharged and sold.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the kitchen waste pretreatment system and the pretreatment method thereof in comparison with the prior art, the two technical schemes are compared by the staff, and the comparison results are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, compared with the prior art, the kitchen waste pretreatment system and the pretreatment method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that a crushing process is not adopted, hydraulic flushing is adopted, the recycling rate of leachate is improved, the oil extraction cost is reduced, the solid-liquid separation degree is good, the crude oil extraction rate is high, organic matters in the leachate are reduced, the leachate treatment difficulty is further reduced, the system and the method are suitable for collaborative incineration of kitchen waste in a waste power plant, and the occupied area is small.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage pretreatment system which characterized in that: comprises a bag breaking chamber (a), a rough separation chamber (b), a fine separation chamber (d), an oil extraction chamber (f) and a solid phase collection and conveying system;
the rough separation chamber (b) is positioned below the bag breaking chamber (a); the fine separation chamber (d) is arranged on the side of the coarse separation chamber (b); the garbage after bag breaking vibrates on a vibrating screen (4), wherein liquid-phase kitchen garbage and fine solid-phase kitchen garbage enter a slurry temporary storage tank (c) through a screen hole of the vibrating screen (4), large solid-phase kitchen garbage is kept on the vibrating screen (4), and finally enters a solid-phase collection chamber (i) positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen (4) under the vibration of the vibrating screen (4);
the oil extraction chamber (f) is positioned below the coarse separation chamber (b);
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is positioned at the sides of the coarse separation chamber (b), the fine separation chamber (d) and the oil extracting chamber (f);
a vibrating screen (4) and a percolate spraying device (3) are arranged in the rough separation chamber (b); the vibrating screen (4) is arranged obliquely;
the percolate spraying device (3) is arranged above the vibrating screen (4);
the slurry temporary storage tank (c) is positioned below the vibrating screen (4); the solid phase collection chamber (i) is positioned at the tail part of the vibrating screen (4);
the solid phase collecting and conveying system is arranged in the solid phase collecting chamber (i); the solid phase collecting and conveying system comprises a material receiving hopper (5) and a spiral conveying device (6);
the spiral conveying device (6) is obliquely arranged; the material receiving hopper (5) is connected above the feed inlet of the spiral conveying device (6);
the percolate temporary storage tank (h) is positioned below the solid phase collection chamber (i);
a fine grid net (7) is arranged between the solid phase collection chamber (i) and the percolate temporary storage tank (h);
the outlets of the slurry temporary storage tank (c) and the percolate temporary storage tank (h) are provided with a three-way valve and a flow regulating device; part of the percolate in the percolate temporary storage tank (h) is recycled to a percolate spraying device (3) of the coarse separation chamber (b), and the rest part of the percolate is completely treated by a percolate treatment system of a garbage power plant; the slurry in the slurry temporary storage tank (c) is recycled to the slurry spraying device (16) in the fine separation chamber (d), the percolate spraying device (3) is connected to the outlet of the percolate temporary storage tank (h), and the slurry spraying device (16) is connected to the outlet of the slurry temporary storage tank (c) to form a closed circulating system.
2. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bag breaking chamber (a) is arranged at the garbage feed hopper (18); a bag breaking device (2) is arranged in the bag breaking chamber (a); the bag breaking device (2) comprises a stirring shaft (1) and steel nails (17) which are arranged on the stirring shaft (1) in a staggered manner.
3. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: a slurry pump (14) and a stirrer (15) are arranged in the slurry temporary storage tank (c).
4. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: a slurry spraying device (16) and a fine grid are arranged in the fine separation chamber (d);
the fine grid is obliquely arranged and is positioned on the belt conveyor (19);
the solid phase collection chamber (i) is positioned at the tail part of the fine grid and the belt conveyor (19);
the slurry spraying device (16) is positioned above the fine grid;
the liquid phase buffer tank (e) is positioned below the fine grid and the belt conveyor (19); a liquid phase stirrer (12) and a submersible sewage pump (13) are arranged in the liquid phase cache tank (e).
5. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the oil extraction chamber (f) is positioned on the side of the liquid phase buffer tank (e); the crude oil temporary storage tank (g) and the percolate temporary storage tank (h) are respectively arranged below the oil extracting chamber (f);
a three-phase centrifuge (9) and a cyclone desander (11) are arranged in the oil extraction chamber (f); the liquid phase buffer tank (e) is sequentially connected with the cyclone desander (11) and the three-phase centrifuge (9); the three-phase centrifuge (9) is respectively connected with the crude oil temporary storage tank (g) and the percolate temporary storage tank (h);
the bucket elevator arranged at the tail end of the oil extraction chamber (f) is respectively connected with the cyclone desander (11), the three-phase centrifuge (9) and the solid phase collection chamber (i).
6. The pretreatment method of the kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: the bagged kitchen waste enters a bag breaking chamber (a) through a waste feed hopper (18), is broken under the action of a bag breaking device (2), and falls into a rough separation chamber (b);
step two: the bag-broken kitchen waste falls on a vibrating screen (4) of a coarse separation chamber (b), coarse screening is completed under the vibration action of the vibrating screen (4), a liquid phase separated by the coarse screening enters a slurry temporary storage tank (c), and a separated solid phase enters a solid phase collection chamber (i);
the leachate spraying device (3) sprays leachate separated by the kitchen waste pretreatment system to the surface of kitchen waste on the vibrating screen (4) to wash grease adhered to the kitchen waste; the solid phase which is screened by the vibrating screen (4) and washed by the percolate spraying device (3) enters a solid phase collection chamber (i) at the tail part of the vibrating screen (4);
step three: the liquid phase entering the slurry temporary storage tank (c) is uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer (15) and is conveyed into a fine separation chamber (d) under the action of a slurry pump (14); the slurry conveyed into the fine separation chamber (d) is sprayed on the fine grid under the action of a slurry spraying device (16), the solid phase on the fine grid enters a solid phase collection chamber (i) along with a belt conveyor, and the liquid phase enters a liquid phase temporary storage tank (e);
step four: the liquid phase in the liquid phase temporary storage tank (e) is input into an oil lifting chamber (f) through a submersible sewage pump (13); desanding through a cyclone desander (11), separating in a three-phase centrifuge (9), lifting the separated solid phase to a solid phase collecting chamber (i) through a bucket in an oil lifting chamber (f), feeding the separated liquid phase into a percolate temporary storage tank (h), and feeding the separated crude oil into a crude oil temporary storage tank (g);
step five: the solid-phase substances entering the solid-phase collection chamber (i) are collected into a spiral conveying device (6) through a material collecting hopper (5), and the solid-phase substances are conveyed to a garbage pool of a garbage power plant to be combusted cooperatively under the action of the spiral conveying device (6); the spiral conveying device (6) extrudes the percolate generated by solid-phase substances in the conveying process to enter the bottom of the solid-phase collecting chamber (i) along the spiral conveying device (6), the slag is removed under the action of the grid net (7), and the liquid phase filtered out by the grid net (7) returns to the percolate temporary storage tank (h).
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| CN101524700A (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2009-09-09 | 王绍康 | Treating technical method for food wastes and treating equipment |
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