CN113317405B - Weaned piglet creep feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Weaned piglet creep feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113317405B CN113317405B CN202110669156.9A CN202110669156A CN113317405B CN 113317405 B CN113317405 B CN 113317405B CN 202110669156 A CN202110669156 A CN 202110669156A CN 113317405 B CN113317405 B CN 113317405B
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of feeds, and particularly discloses a weaned piglet creep feed and a preparation method thereof. The creep feed comprises powder and granules, wherein the powder comprises a material A, a material B and a material C, and the granules comprise a material D, a material E and a material F; the material A and the material D comprise flour, broken rice, fish meal and puffed soybean, but the proportion of the flour, the broken rice, the fish meal and the puffed soybean is completely different; the material B and the material E comprise puffed corn, whey powder, skimmed milk powder, chocolate powder, yeast culture, fermented soybean meal, soybean protein concentrate, sucrose, glucose, maltose, compound acidulant and coconut oil, but the proportion of the two materials is completely different; the materials C and F contain compound vitamins and compound microelements; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing powder and granule materials, and uniformly mixing the powder and the granule materials to obtain the creep feed. The creep feed provided by the application has the advantages of good palatability, capability of improving the feed intake of piglets and reducing diarrhea of piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a weaned piglet creep feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The early weaning can effectively reduce or block the spread of diseases from the sow to the suckling pig, and in addition, under the large-scale and intensive breeding background of pig raising, the early weaning can improve the reproductive performance of the sow, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the sow, so that the early weaning of 21-28 days is carried out on piglets at present. However, the digestive system development of weaned pigs is incomplete, the active immune system is not fully established, and in addition, weaned pigs leave the sow and are converted into solid feed from liquid milk, and weaned pigs are stressed in group, so that the weaned pigs are easy to have low feed intake and insufficient energy supply. In the case of 1-2 days of hunger of piglets, solid feed has to be taken, which can lead to dyspepsia, diarrhea of piglets, further reduction of growth rate and even death.
In order to solve the problems, a powder particle combined piglet compound feed is developed, which comprises powder materials and particle materials, wherein the powder materials and the particle materials are mixed according to the mass ratio of (1-5): (1-10), and the powdery material and the granular material are mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of puffed soybean meal, 30-50 parts of corn meal, 20-40 parts of wheat flour, 10-23 parts of fish meal and 10-18 parts of high-fat whey powder. However, the inventor finds that the powder and the granule adopt the same proportion design, the prepared piglet compound feed has poor palatability and low feed intake of piglets.
Disclosure of Invention
The weaned piglet creep feed provided by the application has good palatability, and can be used for attracting piglets to eat and improving the feed intake of the piglets.
In a first aspect, the application provides a weaned piglet creep feed, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the weaned piglet creep feed comprises powder and granular materials; the powder comprises a material A, a material B and a material C, and the granular material comprises a material D, a material E and a material F;
the material A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight based on the total amount of the creep feed: 70-100 parts of flour, 80-120 parts of broken rice, 30-50 parts of fish meal and 40-60 parts of puffed soybean;
the material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-120 parts of puffed corn, 100-150 parts of whey powder, 100-150 parts of skim milk powder, 50-70 parts of chocolate powder, 20-25 parts of yeast culture, 30-50 parts of fermented soybean meal, 20-40 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 30-50 parts of sucrose, 30-50 parts of glucose, 20-40 parts of maltose, 3-5 parts of compound acidulant, 30-50 parts of fat powder and 10-20 parts of coconut oil;
the material D is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of flour, 120-150 parts of broken rice, 30-50 parts of fish meal and 50-80 parts of puffed soybean;
the material E is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of puffed corn, 30-50 parts of whey powder, 30-50 parts of skimmed milk powder, 30-50 parts of chocolate powder, 20-25 parts of yeast culture, 40-60 parts of fermented soybean meal, 30-50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 30-50 parts of sucrose, 20-30 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of maltose, 3-5 parts of compound acidulant, 10-20 parts of soybean oil and 10-20 parts of coconut oil;
the materials C and F contain 1-2 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound microelement.
In the application, the powder and the granule are combined, and the formulas of the powder and the granule are independently designed, so that the advantages of the powder can be exerted, the piglet is induced to eat, and the piglet is more prone to eat the granule after the piglet is suitable for the feed, so that the creep feed combined with the powder can stimulate the piglet to eat, meanwhile, the overgrowth of the piglet to the feed is completed, and the piglet is trained to eat the granule feed.
The formula of the powder and the granule is designed independently, the content of skimmed milk powder, whey powder, sugar and the like in the powder is higher than that in the granule, the food calling performance is strong, the feed intake of piglets can be improved, and the ingredients are prepared into the powder without high-temperature granulation, so that the loss of nutrients in the powder can be reduced; meanwhile, the content of skimmed milk powder, whey powder, sugar and the like in the granule is relatively small, so that the hardness of the granule can be reduced, and the granule is beneficial to feeding of weaned pigs. In addition, the weaned pigs have high digestibility and absorptivity of the defatted milk powder, whey powder and sugar with higher content in the powder, and are beneficial to digestion and absorption of the feed by the pigs, so that intestinal health of the pigs is facilitated, and the diarrhea rate of the pigs can be reduced.
In the application, the puffed soybean, the puffed corn and the like have special fragrance after curing, can attract piglets to eat, improve the feed intake of the piglets, and in addition, the puffed soybean and the puffed corn improve the digestibility of the feed, thereby being beneficial to the digestion of the feed by the piglets and further reducing the diarrhea rate of the piglets. The mutual coordination of the puffed soybean and the fermented soybean meal reduces the anti-nutritional factors in the raw materials and the intestinal pressure of piglets, thereby reducing the diarrhea rate of the piglets.
Preferably, the ratio of the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the material B to the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the material E is (2-4): 1.
by adopting the technical scheme, the prepared creep feed has proper particle hardness, good palatability and highest feed intake of piglets to the creep feed.
Preferably, the compound acidulant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
23.0 to 30 percent of fumaric acid, 3.0 to 6.0 percent of lactic acid, 4.0 to 8.0 percent of malic acid, 4.0 to 6.0 percent of benzoic acid, 6.0 to 12 percent of calcium formate, 2.0 to 5 percent of calcium propionate and the balance of carrier.
In the present application, the carrier may be silica.
The compound acidifier prepared by the technical scheme is added into the creep feed, so that digestion and absorption of piglets can be promoted, intestinal pressure can be reduced, and diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced.
Preferably, the material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
0.3-0.5 part of vine tea flavone, 1-3 parts of coated sodium butyrate, 0.5-1 part of coated tannic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of medium chain fatty acid, 3-5 parts of montmorillonite, 0.3-0.6 part of complex enzyme preparation, 1.5-2 parts of zinc oxide, 1-1.5 parts of complex vitamin, 1.8-2.2 parts of complex trace element, 5-8 parts of calcium formate, 4-6 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 4-6 parts of lysine, 2-3 parts of threonine, 1-2 parts of methionine, 0.5-1 part of tryptophan, 1-1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.5-1 part of nucleotide, 0.2-0.4 part of sweetener and 0.2 part of antioxidant.
Further preferably, the materials F and C are the same.
The Ampelopsis grossedentata flavone added into the feed can obviously inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, bacillus dysenteriae and the like, so that diarrhea rate and morbidity of piglets can be reduced; the coated sodium butyrate can provide energy sources for intestinal epithelial cells, promote the secretion of enzymes in the intestinal tract and adjust the ecological balance of the intestinal tract; the coated tannic acid has oxidation resistance and activity of reacting with protein, polysaccharide and the like; the bacillus subtilis can improve animal intestinal flora, strengthen organism immunity, make up for the deficiency of endogenous enzymes of piglet bodies and promote the growth and development of piglets; medium-chain fatty acid is added into the feed, can be quickly absorbed by piglets, and provides timely available energy for the piglets; the montmorillonite is added into the feed, so that viruses, germs and toxins produced by the viruses and germs in the alimentary canal can be inhaled into mineral layers, and then the adsorbed mycotoxins and bacterial toxins can be discharged out of the body along with the feces, thereby reducing the absorption of the toxins by the intestinal canal and reducing the invasion of piglets; zinc oxide is added into the feed, so that a zinc source can be supplemented, and the digestibility of the feed can be improved to promote the growth of piglets; the complex enzyme preparation can destroy cell walls of plants, enable grains such as corns, barley and the like and agricultural and sideline products such as wheat bran, cake and the like to become soft, promote the digestion and absorption of the cell walls and cell contents thereof in animal intestines and stomach, thereby improving the utilization rate of feed. In addition, the inventor discovers that the ampelopsis grossedentata flavone, the coated sodium butyrate, the coated tannic acid, the bacillus subtilis, the medium-chain fatty acid, the montmorillonite, the compound enzyme preparation and the zinc oxide are matched with each other, so that the diarrhea rate of piglets can be greatly reduced, the weaned piglets can eat more, have less diarrhea and grow fast, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be influenced due to the lack of any one or more of the ampelopsis grossedentata flavone, the coated sodium butyrate, the coated tannic acid, the bacillus subtilis, the medium-chain fatty acid, the montmorillonite, the compound enzyme preparation and the zinc oxide.
According to the application, the flavoring agent, the nucleotide, the sweetener, the yeast culture and the like are matched with each other, so that the feed has fragrant, sweet and fresh flavor, the flavor and the taste of the feed are enhanced, and piglets are attracted to eat, so that the feed intake of the piglets is improved.
Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation comprises xylanase, protease, cellulase, beta-glucanase, amylase, beta-mannanase and galactosidase.
Further preferably, the complex enzyme preparation is prepared from the following raw materials:
xylanase 20000-30000U/g, protease 14000-24000U/g, cellulase 2000-2800U/g, beta-glucanase 10000-25000U/g, amylase 1000000-3000000U/g, beta-mannase 1500-3000U/g, galactosidase 200-500U/g, and the balance being carriers; in the present application, the carrier may be bran powder.
The complex enzyme preparation prepared by the mutual coordination of the enzymes in the technical scheme can inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria in intestinal tracts, improve the immunity of piglets and reduce morbidity and mortality; in addition, the feed can promote digestion and absorption of the piglet to nutrient substances in the creep feed, improve the feed conversion rate, improve the odor of the poultry manure and the ammonia gas in the livestock house after long-term use, and improve the breeding environment.
Preferably, each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises the following raw materials by weight:
270-410mg of vitamin A acetate, 25-35mg of vitamin D, 50000-75000mg of DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 400-500mg of beta-carotene, 1000-3000mg of folic acid, 200-400mg of D-biotin, 500-800mg of L-carnitine, 200000-300000mg of vitamin C, 5000-9000mg of vitamin K3, 2000-4000mg of vitamin B1, 8000-12500mg of vitamin B2, 6000-10000mg of vitamin B, 12-60 mg of vitamin B, 10000-38000mg of D-calcium pantothenate and 30000-50000mg of nicotinamide.
When the compound vitamin is prepared, a general carrier is supplemented, and in the application, the general carrier is bran powder.
In the application, the compound vitamin contains various vitamins and has high content, thereby meeting the requirements of piglets on vitamins. The vitamins are matched with each other to provide nutrient substances for intestinal tracts and organisms, so that the immunity of piglets can be enhanced, and healthy growth of the piglets is facilitated. The inventor finds that the compound vitamins can be matched with each other to strengthen the physique of the sow. In the formula of the compound vitamin, the content of each vitamin is reduced, the effect is poor, and the vitamin is possibly excessive due to the increase, so that the compound vitamin is strictly needed to be carried out according to the formula of the compound vitamin when the piglet feed is prepared, and the antagonism among the components of the compound vitamin is avoided, thereby endangering the health of piglets.
Preferably, each kilogram of the compound trace elements comprises the following raw materials by weight:
110-125g of ferrous fumarate, 20-40g of ferrous sulfate, 40-60g of copper glycinate, 60-80g of alkali copper, 80-110g of manganese sulfate, 120-160g of zinc threonine, 50-80g of selenium yeast, 18-24g of calcium iodate and 20-30g of cobalt chloride.
In the application, the selenium content of the yeast selenium is 0.2 percent. When the microelement premix is prepared, a general carrier is supplemented, and in the application, the general carrier can be stone powder. The microelements of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, calcium and cobalt are matched according to the proportion, so that the synergistic effect is good, and antagonism phenomenon is avoided, thereby promoting metabolism of piglets, preventing diseases and facilitating rapid growth of piglets.
In the application, the ratio of the compound vitamin and/or trace element premix in the feed is strictly controlled, the synergistic effect between the compound vitamins and the synergistic effect between the trace elements can be well exerted, antagonism between the components is avoided, thus better providing nutrition for piglets and being beneficial to healthy growth of the piglets.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the powder to the granule is (1.2-3): 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the consumption of the powder in the creep feed is larger than that of the granule feed, so that on one hand, the palatability of the feed is better, the creep can be completed quickly, and the time and the labor are saved; on the other hand, the nutrition loss of the feed is less, the waste is reduced, the creep feed is convenient to digest and absorb, the diarrhea of piglets can be reduced, and the healthy growth of the piglets is promoted.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of weaned piglet creep feed, which adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the weaned piglet creep feed comprises the following steps:
preparing powder: pulverizing crushed rice in material A, mixing with puffed soybean, flour and fish meal, aging at 92-100deg.C, pulverizing, and mixing with material B and material C to obtain powder with average particle diameter of 500-800 μm.
Preparing particles: pulverizing crushed rice in the material D, mixing with puffed soybean, flour and fish meal, aging at 92-100deg.C, pulverizing, mixing with the material E and the material F uniformly, granulating at 60-70deg.C, and cooling to obtain granule with average particle diameter of 1.8-2.2 mm;
mixing: and uniformly mixing the powder and the granular material to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Further preferably, when mixing, the powder and the granules are mixed according to the weight ratio of (1.2-3): 1.
The creep feed prepared by the preparation method has less nutrition loss, high utilization rate of feed raw materials and good flavor and taste, can induce piglets to eat, improves the feed intake of the piglets, and promotes healthy growth of the piglets. The preparation process is simple and can be used for batch production in factories.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the formula of the powder and the granule is designed independently, so that the creep feed has good palatability, can stimulate piglets to eat, and greatly improves the feed intake of the piglets;
2. the formula of the powder and the granule is designed independently, the content of the skimmed milk powder, the whey powder, the sugar and the like in the powder is higher than that in the granule, the food calling capability is strong, the feed intake of piglets can be improved, the content of the skimmed milk powder, the whey powder, the sugar and the like in the granule is smaller, the hardness of the granule can be reduced, and the weaned piglets can eat the food conveniently;
3. the ampelopsis grossedentata flavone, the coated sodium butyrate, the coated tannic acid, the bacillus subtilis, the medium-chain fatty acid, the montmorillonite, the compound enzyme preparation and the zinc oxide are matched with each other, so that the diarrhea rate of piglets can be greatly reduced, and the weaned piglets can eat more, have less diarrhea and grow fast.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The specific description is: the following examples were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, where specific conditions were not noted; the raw materials used in the following examples were all commercially available from ordinary sources except for the specific descriptions.
The specific sources of some of the raw materials are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 partial raw materials sources Table
Preparation example
Preparation example of vitamin complex
Preparation example 1 of multivitamin
The preparation of each kilogram of vitamin 1 complex is as follows:
300mg of vitamin A acetate, 330 mg of vitamin D, 75000mg of DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 400mg of beta-carotene, 1000mg of folic acid, 200mg of D-biotin, 800mg of L-carnitine, 300000mg of vitamin C, 7000mg of vitamin K3, 3000mg of vitamin B, 2 10000mg of vitamin B, 9000mg of vitamin B6, 12 mg of vitamin B50 mg, 10000mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 50000mg of nicotinamide and 533220mg of bran powder are mixed in a mixer for 4min, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the compound vitamin 1.
Preparation example 2 of multivitamin
The multivitamin preparation 2 differs from the multivitamin preparation 1 only in that no vitamin C, no vitamin B1 or no vitamin B2 is added to the multivitamin preparation 2.
The preparation of each kilogram of vitamin 2 complex is as follows:
300mg of vitamin A acetate, 330 mg of vitamin D, 75000mg of DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 400mg of beta-carotene, 1000mg of folic acid, 200mg of D-biotin, 800mg of L-carnitine, 7000mg of vitamin K3, 3000mg of vitamin B1, 6 9000mg of vitamin B12, 10000mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 50000mg of nicotinamide and 846220mg of bran powder are mixed in a mixer for 4min, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the compound vitamin 2.
Preparation example of composite trace element
Preparation example 1 of composite microelements
The preparation of the compound trace element 1 per kilogram is as follows:
125g of ferrous fumarate, 40g of ferrous sulfate, 50g of copper glycinate, 60g of alkali copper, 110g of manganese sulfate, 150g of zinc threonine, 70g of selenium yeast, 20g of calcium iodate, 25g of cobalt chloride and 350g of stone powder are mixed in a mixer for 4min, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the trace element premix 1.
Preparation example 2 of composite microelements
The compound trace element preparation example 2 differs from the compound trace element preparation example 1 only in that in the compound trace element preparation example 2, yeast selenium and calcium iodate are not added. The preparation of the compound trace element 2 per kilogram is as follows:
125g of ferrous fumarate, 40g of ferrous sulfate, 50g of copper glycinate, 60g of alkali copper, 110g of manganese sulfate, 150g of zinc threonine, 25g of cobalt chloride and 440g of stone powder are mixed in a mixer for 4min, and the trace element premix 2 can be prepared after uniform mixing.
Preparation example of Complex enzyme preparation
The preparation of the complex enzyme preparation is as follows:
xylanase 20000U/g, protease 14000U/g, cellulase 2000U/g, beta-glucanase 10000U/g, amylase 1000000U/g, beta-mannase 1500U/g, galactosidase 200U/g, and the balance of bran powder.
Preparation example of composite acidulant
The preparation of the compound acidifier is as follows:
23.0% of fumaric acid, 3.0% of lactic acid, 4.0% of malic acid, 4.0% of benzoic acid, 6.0% of calcium formate, 2.0% of calcium propionate and the balance of silicon dioxide.
Examples
Example 1
The weaned piglet creep feed is prepared as follows:
the material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70kg of puffed corn, 150kg of whey powder, 150kg of skimmed milk powder, 70kg of chocolate powder, 25kg of yeast culture, 50kg of fermented soybean meal, 20kg of soybean protein concentrate, 50kg of sucrose, 30kg of glucose, 20kg of maltose, 5kg of compound acidulant, 30kg of fat powder and 20kg of coconut oil;
the material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: vine tea flavone 0.3kg, coated sodium butyrate 3kg, coated tannic acid 0.5kg, bacillus subtilis 0.3kg, medium chain fatty acid 2kg, montmorillonite 3kg, complex enzyme preparation 0.6kg, zinc oxide 1.5kg, 1.5kg complex vitamin 1, 2kg complex trace element 1, calcium formate 5kg, calcium biphosphate 5kg, lysine 4kg, threonine 3kg, methionine 1kg, tryptophan 1kg, flavoring agent 1kg, nucleotide 0.5kg, sweetener 0.2kg and antioxidant 0.2kg;
the material E is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200kg of puffed corn, 30kg of whey powder, 30kg of skimmed milk powder, 30kg of chocolate powder, 20kg of yeast culture, 40kg of fermented soybean meal, 50kg of soybean protein concentrate, 30kg of sucrose, 20kg of glucose, 10kg of maltose, 5kg of compound acidulant, 20kg of soybean oil and 10kg of coconut oil;
the material F is identical to the material C;
preparing powder: crushing 80kg of crushed rice in the material A, mixing with 60kg of puffed soybean, 100kg of flour and 50kg of fish meal, curing and crushing at 100 ℃, and uniformly mixing with the material B and the material C to obtain powder with the average particle size of 500-800 mu m;
preparing particles: crushing 120kg of crushed rice in the material D, mixing with 80kg of puffed soybean, 80kg of flour and 30kg of fish meal, curing and crushing at 92 ℃, uniformly mixing with the material E and the material F, granulating at 60-70 ℃, and cooling to obtain granules with the average grain diameter of 1.8-2.2 mm;
mixing: and uniformly mixing the powder and the granular material to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Example 2
The weaned piglet creep feed is prepared as follows:
the material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120kg of puffed corn, 100kg of whey powder, 150kg of skimmed milk powder, 70kg of chocolate powder, 20kg of yeast culture, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 40kg of soybean protein concentrate, 30kg of sucrose, 50kg of glucose, 40kg of maltose, 3kg of compound acidulant, 50kg of fat powder and 10kg of coconut oil;
the material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: vine tea flavone 0.3kg, coated sodium butyrate 3kg, coated tannic acid 0.5kg, bacillus subtilis 0.3kg, medium chain fatty acid 2kg, montmorillonite 3kg, complex enzyme preparation 0.6kg, zinc oxide 1.5kg, 1.5kg complex vitamin 1, 2kg complex trace element 1, calcium formate 5kg, calcium biphosphate 5kg, lysine 4kg, threonine 3kg, methionine 1kg, tryptophan 1kg, flavoring agent 1kg, nucleotide 0.5kg, sweetener 0.2kg and antioxidant 0.2kg;
the material E is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150kg of puffed corn, 50kg of whey powder, 50kg of skimmed milk powder, 50kg of chocolate powder, 25kg of yeast culture, 60kg of fermented soybean meal, 30kg of soybean protein concentrate, 50kg of sucrose, 30kg of glucose, 20kg of maltose, 3kg of compound acidulant, 10kg of soybean oil and 20kg of coconut oil;
the material F is identical to the material C;
preparing powder: 120kg of crushed rice in the material A is crushed and then mixed with 40kg of puffed soybean, 70kg of flour and 30kg of fish meal, cured and crushed at 100 ℃, and then evenly mixed with the material B and the material C to obtain powder with the average particle size of 500-800 mu m;
preparing particles: crushing 150kg of crushed rice in the material D, mixing with 50kg of puffed soybean, 50kg of flour and 50kg of fish meal, curing and crushing at 92 ℃, uniformly mixing with the material E and the material F, granulating at 60-70 ℃, and cooling to obtain granules with average grain diameter of 1.8-2.2 mm;
mixing: and uniformly mixing the powder and the granular material to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Example 3
The weaned piglet creep feed is prepared as follows:
the material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of puffed corn, 125kg of whey powder, 100kg of skimmed milk powder, 50kg of chocolate powder, 25kg of yeast culture, 25kg of fermented soybean meal, 30kg of soybean protein concentrate, 25kg of sucrose, 42kg of glucose, 27kg of maltose, 5kg of compound acidulant, 45kg of fat powder and 18kg of coconut oil;
the material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: vine tea flavone 0.3kg, coated sodium butyrate 3kg, coated tannic acid 0.5kg, bacillus subtilis 0.3kg, medium chain fatty acid 2kg, montmorillonite 3kg, complex enzyme preparation 0.6kg, zinc oxide 1.5kg, 1.5kg complex vitamin 1, 2kg complex trace element 1, calcium formate 5kg, calcium biphosphate 5kg, lysine 4kg, threonine 3kg, methionine 1kg, tryptophan 1kg, flavoring agent 1kg, nucleotide 0.5kg, sweetener 0.2kg and antioxidant 0.2kg;
the material E is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 175kg of puffed corn, 50kg of whey powder, 50kg of skimmed milk powder, 50kg of chocolate powder, 25kg of yeast culture, 50kg of fermented soybean meal, 43kg of soybean protein concentrate, 40kg of sucrose, 24kg of glucose, 17kg of maltose, 5kg of compound acidulant, 17kg of soybean oil and 14kg of coconut oil;
the material F is identical to the material C;
preparing powder: 100kg of crushed rice in the material A is crushed and then mixed with 50kg of puffed soybean, 85kg of flour and 40kg of fish meal, cured and crushed at 100 ℃, and then evenly mixed with the material B and the material C to obtain powder with the average particle size of 500-800 mu m;
preparing particles: crushing 130kg of crushed rice in the material D, mixing with 65kg of puffed soybean, 65kg of flour and 40kg of fish meal, curing and crushing at 92 ℃, uniformly mixing with the material E and the material F, granulating at 60-70 ℃, and cooling to obtain granules with average grain diameter of 1.8-2.2 mm;
mixing: and uniformly mixing the powder and the granular material to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Examples 4 to 7
Examples 4-7 differ from example 3 only in that: the ratio of the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the B material to the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the E material is different, and the specific amounts are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2
Example 8
Example 8 differs from example 6 only in that: the material C is different, and specifically, the material C in the embodiment 8 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
ampelopsis grossedentata flavone 0.5kg, coated sodium butyrate 1kg, coated tannic acid 1kg, bacillus subtilis 0.2kg, medium chain fatty acid 3kg, montmorillonite 5kg, complex enzyme preparation 0.3kg, zinc oxide 2kg, 1kg complex vitamin 1, 2.2kg complex trace element 1, calcium formate 8kg, monocalcium phosphate 4kg, lysine 6kg, threonine 2kg, methionine 2kg, tryptophan 0.5kg, flavoring agent 1.5kg, nucleotide 1kg, sweetener 0.4kg and antioxidant 0.2kg.
Example 9
Example 9 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 9, vitamin complex 2 was used in place of vitamin complex 1.
Example 10 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 10, the complex trace element 1 was replaced with the complex trace element 2.
Example 11
Example 11 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 11, no complex enzyme preparation was added.
Example 12
Example 12 differs from example 6 only in that: no nucleotide was added in example 12.
Example 13
Example 13 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 13, mixing: and uniformly mixing 900kg of powder and 300kg of granules to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Example 14
Example 14 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 13, mixing: and uniformly mixing 900kg of powder and 450kg of granules to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Example 15
Example 15 differs from example 6 only in that: in example 15, mixing: and uniformly mixing 600kg of powder and 600kg of granules to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 6 only in that: the material D in comparative example 1 adopts the formula of the material A.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 6 only in that: the material A in comparative example 2 adopts the formula of the material D.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 6 only in that: in comparative example 3, the granule was formulated as a powder.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 6 only in that: in comparative example 4, the powder material was formulated as a granule.
Performance test
380 piglets weaned for 25 days in a pig farm in the adult city are randomly divided into 19 groups, and then each group of piglets is fed with the creep feed prepared in examples 1-15 and comparative examples 1-4, respectively, with daily average feed intake and diarrhea rate of 14 days, respectively.
Daily average feed intake = total feed amount/(number of piglets first x number of days of feed);
piglet diarrhea rate% = number of diarrhea pigs in test period/(number of pigs tested x number of days tested) ×100.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen by combining examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 and combining table 3, according to the formula of the application, the powder and the granules adopt independent proportions, so that the feed intake of piglets can be stimulated, the feed intake of the piglets can be enhanced, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced;
as can be seen in combination with examples 3-7 and with table 3, the ratio of the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in feed B to the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in feed E affects the feed intake and diarrhea rate of piglets, and the ratio of the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in feed B to the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in feed E is (2-4): 1, the feed intake of piglets is high, and the diarrhea rate is reduced;
by combining examples 6 and 8-12 and combining Table 3, the feed intake of piglets can be improved and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced by adopting the material C; the compound vitamin and the compound microelements are prepared according to the formula of the application, and the effect is best; according to the application, the vine tea flavone, the coated sodium butyrate, the coated tannic acid, the bacillus subtilis, the medium-chain fatty acid, the montmorillonite, the compound enzyme preparation and the zinc oxide are matched with each other, so that the diarrhea rate of piglets can be greatly reduced, the weaned piglets can eat more, have less diarrhea and grow quickly, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be influenced due to the lack of any one of the vine tea flavone, the coated sodium butyrate, the coated tannic acid, the bacillus subtilis, the medium-chain fatty acid, the montmorillonite, the compound enzyme preparation and the zinc oxide; the flavoring agent, the nucleotide, the sweetener and the yeast culture are matched with each other, so that piglets can be attracted to eat, and the feed intake of the piglets can be influenced due to the lack of any one of the flavoring agent, the nucleotide, the sweetener and the yeast culture; it can be seen by combining examples 6, 13-15 and table 3 that the ratio of the amount of the powder to the amount of the granule affects the feed intake and diarrhea rate of the piglets, and the amount of the powder is larger than the amount of the granule, so that the feed intake of the piglets is facilitated, and when the weight ratio of the powder to the granule is (1.2-3): when the components are mixed according to the proportion of 1, the feed intake of piglets can be promoted, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The weaned piglet creep feed is characterized by comprising powder and granule materials; the powder comprises a material A, a material B and a material C, and the granular material comprises a material D, a material E and a material F;
based on the total amount of the creep feed,
the material A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of flour, 80-120 parts of broken rice, 30-50 parts of fish meal and 40-60 parts of puffed soybean;
the material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-120 parts of puffed corn, 100-150 parts of whey powder, 100-150 parts of skim milk powder, 50-70 parts of chocolate powder, 20-25 parts of yeast culture, 30-50 parts of fermented soybean meal, 20-40 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 30-50 parts of sucrose, 30-50 parts of glucose, 20-40 parts of maltose, 3-5 parts of compound acidulant, 30-50 parts of fat powder and 10-20 parts of coconut oil;
the material D is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of flour, 120-150 parts of broken rice, 30-50 parts of fish meal and 50-80 parts of puffed soybean;
the material E is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of puffed corn, 30-50 parts of whey powder, 30-50 parts of skimmed milk powder, 30-50 parts of chocolate powder, 20-25 parts of yeast culture, 40-60 parts of fermented soybean meal, 30-50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 30-50 parts of sucrose, 20-30 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of maltose, 3-5 parts of compound acidulant, 10-20 parts of soybean oil and 10-20 parts of coconut oil;
the materials C and F contain 1-2 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound microelement.
2. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the material B to the total amount of whey powder, skim milk powder and chocolate powder in the material E is (2-4): 1.
3. the weaned piglet creep feed of claim 1, wherein: the compound acidulant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
23.0 to 30 percent of fumaric acid, 3.0 to 6.0 percent of lactic acid, 4.0 to 8.0 percent of malic acid, 4.0 to 6.0 percent of benzoic acid, 6.0 to 12 percent of calcium formate, 2.0 to 5 percent of calcium propionate and the balance of carrier.
4. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 1, wherein: the material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
0.3-0.5 part of vine tea flavone, 1-3 parts of coated sodium butyrate, 0.5-1 part of coated tannic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of medium chain fatty acid, 3-5 parts of montmorillonite, 0.3-0.6 part of complex enzyme preparation, 1.5-2 parts of zinc oxide, 1-1.5 parts of complex vitamin, 1.8-2.2 parts of complex trace element, 5-8 parts of calcium formate, 4-6 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 4-6 parts of lysine, 2-3 parts of threonine, 1-2 parts of methionine, 0.5-1 part of tryptophan, 1-1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.5-1 part of nucleotide, 0.2-0.4 part of sweetener and 0.2 part of antioxidant.
5. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 4, wherein: and the material F and the material C are the same.
6. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 4, wherein: the complex enzyme preparation comprises:
xylanase, protease, cellulase, beta-glucanase, amylase, beta-mannanase and galactosidase.
7. The weaned piglet creep feed according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: each kilogram of compound vitamin comprises the following raw materials by weight:
270-410mg of vitamin A acetate, 25-35mg of vitamin D3, mg mg of DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 50000-75000mg of beta-carotene, 1000-3000mg of folic acid, 200-400mg of D-biotin, 500-800mg of L-carnitine, 200000-300000mg of vitamin C, 5000-9000mg of vitamin K3, 2000-4000mg of vitamin B1, 8000-12500mg of vitamin B, 6-10000 mg of vitamin B, 12-60 mg of vitamin B, 10000-38000mg of D-calcium pantothenate and 30000-50000mg of nicotinamide.
8. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 7, wherein: each kilogram of composite trace elements comprises the following raw materials by weight:
110-125g of ferrous fumarate, 20-40g of ferrous sulfate, 40-60g of copper glycinate, 60-80g of alkali copper, 80-110g of manganese sulfate, 120-160g of zinc threonine, 50-80g of selenium yeast, 18-24g of calcium iodate and 20-30g of cobalt chloride.
9. The weaned piglet creep feed of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the powder to the granular material is (1.2-3): 1.
10. The method for preparing the weaned piglet creep feed according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing powder: pulverizing crushed rice in the material A, mixing with puffed soybean, flour and fish meal, aging at 92-100deg.C, pulverizing, and mixing with the material B and material C to obtain powder with average particle diameter of 500-800 μm;
preparing particles: pulverizing crushed rice in the material D, mixing with puffed soybean, flour and fish meal, aging at 92-100deg.C, pulverizing, mixing with the material E and the material F uniformly, granulating at 60-70deg.C, and cooling to obtain granule with average particle diameter of 1.8-2.2 mm;
mixing: and uniformly mixing the powder and the granular material to obtain the weaned piglet creep feed.
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