CN113316303A - Device and method for exciting plasma synthetic jet array driven by direct current arc - Google Patents
Device and method for exciting plasma synthetic jet array driven by direct current arc Download PDFInfo
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- CN113316303A CN113316303A CN202110574889.4A CN202110574889A CN113316303A CN 113316303 A CN113316303 A CN 113316303A CN 202110574889 A CN202110574889 A CN 202110574889A CN 113316303 A CN113316303 A CN 113316303A
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Abstract
The plasma synthetic jet array synchronous excitation device driven by the direct current arc is provided, and comprises an array formed by connecting a direct current power supply, a high-voltage pulse generator, two high-voltage silicon stacks, two resistors, a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators in series; the high-voltage pulse generator, the high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a high-voltage breakdown loop; the direct-current power supply, the resistor R2, the high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the exciter array form a direct-current power supply loop to ensure that discharge is not extinguished; the direct-current power supply, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1, the resistor R1, the high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the exciter array form a pulse discharge loop; the three power supply loops work alternately to realize the high-frequency work of the plasma synthetic jet. A synchronous excitation method of the direct current arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array is also provided. The excitation device only needs one-time high-voltage breakdown process and does not use a repetition frequency high-voltage pulse power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of active flow control, in particular to a device and a method for exciting a plasma synthetic jet array driven by direct current arc.
Background
Lift-enhancing drag reduction is a constant theme of aircraft development. Currently, aircraft designs based on conventional layouts have reached a high level and reliance on active flow control techniques is necessary to further improve the performance of the aircraft. The heart of this technology is the exciter. The plasma synthetic jet exciter as a special active flow control exciter has the obvious advantages of high jet speed (more than 500m/s) and wide excitation frequency band (10kHz), thereby having wide application prospect in the field of active flow control. But limited by the jet aperture (1-3mm) and the volume of the chamber, the flow control range of a single plasma synthetic jet actuator is extremely limited, typically not more than 10mm along the span. In order to realize the flow separation control of the airplane flap under a large deflection angle in a space scale of tens of meters, a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators are required to be arranged together to form an array. Existing plasma synthetic jet array excitation generating devices can be roughly divided into two categories. One type is a series connection type Discharge circuit (Boretkij V.et al.Properties of Multi-Spark Plasma Discharge Developed for Flow control. AIAA 2016-. The other type is a parallel discharge circuit (Shatao, Wanglie, chapter, Duckweed, Rough, Wanglin. "high-voltage pulse power supply for synchronous discharge of a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators", application No. 201510578087.5, 2015; Shatao, Wanglie, chapter, Duckweed, Rough, Wanglin. "high-voltage pulse power supply for synchronous discharge of a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators", application No. 201510058090.4, 2015), that is, each actuator is connected with a high-voltage generating circuit containing a resistor, a transformer winding and other semiconductor devices. Although the parallel discharge circuit does not need a high-voltage switch, the power supply is large in size and multiple in components, and the discharge of each exciter is not strictly synchronous. In summary, how to realize high-frequency low-noise synchronous discharge of a plasma synthetic jet array by using a simple circuit is still a problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synchronous exciting device of a plasma synthetic jet array driven by a direct current arc, which is characterized by comprising a direct current power supply, a high-voltage pulse generator, a first high-voltage silicon stack D1, a second high-voltage silicon stack D2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and a plasma synthetic jet exciter array formed by connecting a plurality of plasma synthetic jet exciters in series; wherein
The high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is connected with the first resistor R1 in series to form a series structure, and the whole series structure is connected with the second resistor R2 in parallel to form a series-parallel structure; in the two ends of the series-parallel structure, the end of a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is connected with the positive end of a direct-current power supply, and the connecting ends of two resistors are connected with the positive end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1; the positive end of the high-voltage pulse generator is connected with the positive end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the negative end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 is connected with the negative end of the first high-voltage silicon stack D1; a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators are connected in series to form a plasma synthetic jet actuator array; in the array, the left end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the negative end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the negative end of a second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the right end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of a second plasma synthetic jet actuator; the right end of the second plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of the third plasma synthetic jet actuator, and the like to form an end-to-end connection structure; the right end of the Nth plasma synthetic jet actuator at the tail end of the array is grounded, and N is the number of the plasma synthetic jet actuators; the negative end of the direct current power supply and the negative end of the high-voltage pulse generator are both grounded.
In one embodiment of the invention, the plasma synthetic jet actuator consists of a cavity with a small hole and two tungsten needle electrodes which are inserted oppositely; the volume of the cavity is 50-1000mm3(ii) a The electrode spacing is 0.5-4 mm; the diameter of the outlet orifice is 1-3 mm.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the volume of the cavity is 50mm3(ii) a The diameter of the tungsten needle electrode is 1-3 mm; the electrode spacing is 1 mm; the diameter of the outlet orifice is 2 mm.
The working process of the direct-current arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array synchronous excitation device is as follows:
the high-voltage pulse generator, the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a high-voltage breakdown loop to realize breakdown of discharge; the direct-current power supply, the second resistor R2, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a direct-current power supply loop, and the direct-current power supply loop is used for maintaining an electric arc formed by the plasma synthetic jet actuator array after high-voltage breakdown, so that discharge is guaranteed not to be extinguished; the direct-current power supply, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1, the first resistor R1, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a pulse discharge loop which is used for periodically injecting energy into the plasma synthetic jet actuator; the three power supply loops work alternately, and the high-frequency work of the plasma synthetic jet can be realized.
The method for synchronously exciting the plasma synthetic jet array driven by the direct current arc comprises the following steps:
(1) and (B) stage A: ignition triggering phase
In the stage, the high-voltage pulse generator outputs a high-voltage pulse to be applied to the two ends of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array; when the pulse amplitude exceeds the sum of breakdown voltages corresponding to all air gaps of the plasma synthetic jet actuator, a discharge arc channel is formed between electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator;
(2) and (B) stage: high energy release phase
After ignition triggering, a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is turned on, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation array enters a stage B; at this stage, the dc power supply injects energy through the first resistor R1, the first high voltage silicon stack D1, into the arc channel between the electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator; the strong discharge current enables the diameter of the electric arc to be rapidly increased and the temperature to be rapidly increased, so that the rapid pressurization of the gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator is realized; under the drive of the pressure difference inside and outside the cavity, jet flow is ejected from an outlet small hole of the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator;
(3) and C: low energy maintenance arc stage
After the high-energy release stage is finished, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is closed, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation device enters a low-energy-maintenance arc stage, namely stage C; the direct current power supply, the second resistor R2, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet exciter array form a closed discharge loop; the discharge current in the circuit is only used for maintaining the arc channel not to be extinguished, and the heating effect on the gas can be ignored; under the action of natural cooling, the temperature and pressure of gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator begin to be slowly reduced, and the external ambient atmosphere is sucked into the plasma synthetic jet actuator again through the small outlet hole, so that the cavity is restored to the initial state;
(4) alternating phases B/C: high frequency jet generation stage
Since the arc does not extinguish after a complete duty cycle, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is alternately turned on and off, i.e., phases B and C are repeatedly entered, to generate a high-frequency pulsed jet.
In one particular embodiment of the invention, in phase a: the amplitude of the high-voltage pulse output by the high-voltage pulse generator is more than 20kV, and the pulse width is not limited.
In another embodiment of the invention, in stage B: the first resistor R1 is of the order of 100 omega in resistance.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, in stage C: the second resistor R2 is of the order of 100k omega in resistance.
The invention can realize the one-time ignition and high-frequency work of the exciter array, overcomes the defects of large electromagnetic interference, high cost and large power supply volume of the traditional exciter, and has important significance for promoting the engineering application of active flow control.
In addition, in the method, the multi-path electric arc of the plasma synthetic jet array is not extinguished, so that only one-time high-voltage breakdown is needed, and the problem of strong electromagnetic interference caused by high-frequency high-voltage pulse in the repeated breakdown process is overcome.
The traditional excitation device needs to frequently puncture the air gap, and electromagnetic interference is large. The excitation device only needs one high-voltage breakdown process, and has small electromagnetic interference.
The traditional excitation device is limited by the highest repeated working frequency of a high-voltage pulse power supply, and the discharge frequency is generally below 5 kHz. The exciting device of the invention does not need to use a repetition frequency high-voltage pulse power supply, and the working frequency of the exciter array is determined by a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and can reach 50 kHz.
The high-voltage pulse generator can be realized by an ignition power supply with low price, and is good in economical efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a DC arc driven plasma synthetic jet array excitation device;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a plasma synthetic jet array discharge waveform;
fig. 3 shows three phases of operation of the plasma synthetic jet array.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 shows a DC arc driven plasma synthetic jet array excitation device of the present invention. The device mainly comprises a direct current power supply (the voltage is in the 1000V magnitude), a high-voltage pulse generator (the pulse voltage is 20-30kV), two high-voltage silicon stacks (D1 and D2), two resistors (R1 and R2), a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators which are connected in series to form an array. The high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and the first resistor R1 are connected in series to form a series structure, and the whole series structure is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2 to form a series-parallel structure; in the two ends of the series-parallel structure, the end of a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is connected with the positive end of a direct-current power supply, and the connecting ends of two resistors are connected with the positive end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1. The positive end of the high-voltage pulse generator is connected with the positive end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the negative end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 is connected with the negative end of the first high-voltage silicon stack D1. A plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators are connected in series to form an array of plasma synthetic jet actuators. In the array, the left end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the negative end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the negative end of a second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the right end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of a second plasma synthetic jet actuator; the right end of the second plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of the third plasma synthetic jet actuator, and the like to form an end-to-end connection structure; the right end of the Nth plasma synthetic jet actuator at the tail end of the array is grounded, and N is the number of the plasma synthetic jet actuators. The negative end of the direct current power supply and the negative end of the high-voltage pulse generator are both grounded.
Each plasma synthetic jet actuator consists of a cavity with a small hole and two tungsten needle electrodes inserted oppositely (religious, songhuomin, traghua, jiamin, lisheng, nanosecond pulsed plasma synthetic jet characteristic experimental research [ J]. Push-in technique, 2015, (10): 1474-1478. ). The volume of the cavity is about 50-1000mm3Preferably 50mm in view of heating efficiency3. The diameter of the tungsten needle electrode is 1 to 3mm, and 2mm is preferable in view of ablation resistance. The electrode spacing is in the range of 0.5-4mm, preferably 1mm for ease of discharge breakdown. The diameter of the outlet orifice is 1-3mm, preferably 2 mm.
The high-voltage pulse generator, the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a high-voltage breakdown loop to realize breakdown of discharge. The direct-current power supply, the second resistor R2, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a direct-current power supply loop, and the direct-current power supply loop is used for maintaining an electric arc formed by the plasma synthetic jet actuator array after high-voltage breakdown, and ensuring that discharge is not extinguished. The direct current power supply, the high voltage electronic switch Q1, the first resistor R1, the first high voltage silicon stack D1, and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a pulsed discharge circuit for periodically injecting energy into the plasma synthetic jet actuator. The three power supply loops work alternately, and the high-frequency work of the plasma synthetic jet can be realized.
Fig. 2 shows the discharge waveform of the plasma synthetic jet actuator array during high frequency operation. The whole discharge waveform can be divided into A, B and C three stages. The plasma synthetic jet actuator operating state for each stage is shown in fig. 3. The operation of the excitation device of fig. 1 will now be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
A DC arc driven plasma synthetic jet array exciting device and method specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) the ignition trigger phase (phase a).
At this stage, the high voltage pulse generator outputs a high voltage pulse (amplitude > 20kV, pulse width unlimited) to be applied across the second high voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array. When the pulse amplitude exceeds the sum of the breakdown voltages corresponding to all air gaps of the plasma synthetic jet actuator, a discharge arc channel is formed between the electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator, corresponding to the current spike in fig. 2.
(2) High energy release phase (phase B).
After the ignition is triggered, the high voltage electronic switch Q1 is turned on, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation array enters a high energy release phase (phase B). At this stage, the dc power supply injects energy into the arc channel between the electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator through the first resistor R1 (for example, with a resistance value of the order of 100 Ω) and the first high voltage silicon stack D1, and the discharge current is of the order of 10A. The strong discharge current enables the diameter of the electric arc to be rapidly increased and the temperature to be rapidly increased, so that the rapid pressurization of the gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet exciter is realized. The jet is ejected from the small outlet hole of the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet exciter by the driving of the pressure difference between the inner and the outer parts of the cavity.
(3) Low energy pilot arc stage (stage C).
After the high-energy release stage is finished, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is closed, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation device enters a low-energy-maintenance arc stage, namely stage C. The dc power supply, the second resistor R2 (e.g., having a resistance on the order of 100k Ω), the first high voltage silicon stack D1, and the array of plasma synthetic jet actuators form a closed discharge circuit. The discharge current in the circuit is only 10mA magnitude, which is only used for maintaining the arc channel not to be extinguished, and the heating effect on the gas can be ignored. Under the action of natural cooling, the temperature and pressure of the gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator begin to be slowly reduced, and the external ambient atmosphere is sucked into the plasma synthetic jet actuator again through the small outlet hole, so that the cavity is restored to the initial state.
(4) High frequency jet generation phase (phase B/C alternating)
Since the arc does not extinguish after a full duty cycle, alternating the high voltage electronic switch Q1 on and off (i.e., the exciter repeats phases B and C), a high frequency pulsed jet is produced.
The core of the invention is that a low-energy-maintenance arc loop is arranged in the exciting device, so that the arc is kept in a non-extinguishing state all the time in the working process of the plasma synthetic jet exciter array, and the aims of one-time breakdown and high-frequency working are fulfilled. The high-voltage electronic switch can be selected from IGBT or MOSFET.
Claims (8)
1. A synchronous exciting device of a direct current arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array is characterized by comprising a direct current power supply, a high-voltage pulse generator, a first high-voltage silicon stack D1, a second high-voltage silicon stack D2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 and a plasma synthetic jet exciter array formed by connecting a plurality of plasma synthetic jet exciters in series; wherein
The high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is connected with the first resistor R1 in series to form a series structure, and the whole series structure is connected with the second resistor R2 in parallel to form a series-parallel structure; in the two ends of the series-parallel structure, the end of a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is connected with the positive end of a direct-current power supply, and the connecting ends of two resistors are connected with the positive end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1; the positive end of the high-voltage pulse generator is connected with the positive end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the negative end of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 is connected with the negative end of the first high-voltage silicon stack D1; a plurality of plasma synthetic jet actuators are connected in series to form a plasma synthetic jet actuator array; in the array, the left end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the negative end of a first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the negative end of a second high-voltage silicon stack D2, and the right end of the first plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of a second plasma synthetic jet actuator; the right end of the second plasma synthetic jet actuator is connected with the left end of the third plasma synthetic jet actuator, and the like to form an end-to-end connection structure; the right end of the Nth plasma synthetic jet actuator at the tail end of the array is grounded, and N is the number of the plasma synthetic jet actuators; the negative end of the direct current power supply and the negative end of the high-voltage pulse generator are both grounded.
2. The synchronous excitation device of the direct current arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasma synthetic jet actuator is composed of a cavity with small holes and two tungsten needle electrodes inserted oppositely; the volume of the cavity is 50-1000mm3(ii) a The electrode spacing is 0.5-4 mm; the diameter of the outlet orifice is 1-3 mm.
3. The dc arc driven plasma synthetic jet array synchronous excitation device of claim 2, wherein the volume of the cavity is 50mm3(ii) a The diameter of the tungsten needle electrode is 1-3 mm; the electrode spacing is 1 mm; the diameter of the outlet orifice is 2 mm.
4. The synchronous excitation device of a DC arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array according to claim 1, characterized by the following working process:
the high-voltage pulse generator, the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a high-voltage breakdown loop to realize breakdown of discharge; the direct-current power supply, the second resistor R2, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a direct-current power supply loop, and the direct-current power supply loop is used for maintaining an electric arc formed by the plasma synthetic jet actuator array after high-voltage breakdown, so that discharge is guaranteed not to be extinguished; the direct-current power supply, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1, the first resistor R1, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array form a pulse discharge loop which is used for periodically injecting energy into the plasma synthetic jet actuator; the three power supply loops work alternately, and the high-frequency work of the plasma synthetic jet can be realized.
5. A synchronous excitation method of a direct current arc-driven plasma synthetic jet array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (B) stage A: ignition triggering phase
In the stage, the high-voltage pulse generator outputs a high-voltage pulse to be applied to the two ends of the second high-voltage silicon stack D2 and the plasma synthetic jet actuator array; when the pulse amplitude exceeds the sum of breakdown voltages corresponding to all air gaps of the plasma synthetic jet actuator, a discharge arc channel is formed between electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator;
(2) and (B) stage: high energy release phase
After ignition triggering, a high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is turned on, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation array enters a stage B; at this stage, the dc power supply injects energy through the first resistor R1, the first high voltage silicon stack D1, into the arc channel between the electrodes of the plasma synthetic jet actuator; the strong discharge current enables the diameter of the electric arc to be rapidly increased and the temperature to be rapidly increased, so that the rapid pressurization of the gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator is realized; under the drive of the pressure difference inside and outside the cavity, jet flow is ejected from an outlet small hole of the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator;
(3) and C: low energy maintenance arc stage
After the high-energy release stage is finished, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is closed, and the plasma synthetic jet excitation device enters a low-energy-maintenance arc stage, namely stage C; the direct current power supply, the second resistor R2, the first high-voltage silicon stack D1 and the plasma synthetic jet exciter array form a closed discharge loop; the discharge current in the circuit is only used for maintaining the arc channel not to be extinguished, and the heating effect on the gas can be ignored; under the action of natural cooling, the temperature and pressure of gas in the cavity of the plasma synthetic jet actuator begin to be slowly reduced, and the external ambient atmosphere is sucked into the plasma synthetic jet actuator again through the small outlet hole, so that the cavity is restored to the initial state;
(4) alternating phases B/C: high frequency jet generation stage
Since the arc does not extinguish after a complete duty cycle, the high-voltage electronic switch Q1 is alternately turned on and off, i.e., phases B and C are repeatedly entered, to generate a high-frequency pulsed jet.
6. The method of synchronously exciting a dc arc driven plasma synthetic jet array of claim 5 wherein in phase a: the amplitude of the high-voltage pulse output by the high-voltage pulse generator is more than 20kV, and the pulse width is not limited.
7. The method of synchronously exciting a dc arc driven plasma synthetic jet array of claim 5 wherein in stage B: the first resistor R1 is of the order of 100 omega in resistance.
8. The method of synchronously exciting a dc arc driven plasma synthetic jet array of claim 5 wherein in stage C: the second resistor R2 is of the order of 100k omega in resistance.
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| CN114126182A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | High-efficiency plasma synthetic jet actuator based on steam pressure enhancement |
| CN114221569A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Parallel discharge device and method for plasma high-energy synthetic jet actuator |
| CN115459603A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Synthetic jet flow generating circuit based on isolation saturated inductor |
| CN116546716A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-path plasma synthetic jet device capable of discharging simultaneously |
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