CN113311050B - Medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor - Google Patents
Medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113311050B CN113311050B CN202110542186.3A CN202110542186A CN113311050B CN 113311050 B CN113311050 B CN 113311050B CN 202110542186 A CN202110542186 A CN 202110542186A CN 113311050 B CN113311050 B CN 113311050B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/419—Measuring voltages or currents with a combination of oxygen pumping cells and oxygen concentration cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/22—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element being a thermocouple
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor and a temperature control unit thereof, which mainly comprise a zirconia material and a platinum electrode to form an oxygen concentration high-speed response sensing unit, a symmetrical sensing and air inlet structure is designed, the symmetrical passing of reference gas and measurement gas through the sensing unit is ensured, and a sensing unit heating and temperature control method is designed in a matching way, so that the rapid and accurate acquisition of the oxygen concentration in the gas can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oxygen sensors, in particular to a medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor.
Background
The zirconia oxygen sensor takes stable zirconia as a sensitive material, ionizes oxygen ions at high temperature (about 650 ℃ or above) to generate holes, contains oxygen to pass through, transfers oxygen ions and generates potential difference, and leads at two ends of a platinum electrode can detect voltage, so that the measurement of oxygen concentration is realized.
The early oxygen sensor is mainly used in the aspect of automobiles and mainly used for detecting the content of oxygen in automobile exhaust so as to realize oil injection control. The heat generated by the automobile in the running process is enough to meet the working condition of the sensor, so that the whole sensor can work in a high-temperature heating environment without additional increase.
Along with the development of the medical industry, the oxygen concentration detection needs more and more in the aspect of medical health, but the existing liquid electrochemical and ultrasonic oxygen sensors have the defects of short service life, low response speed and the like, and the zirconia oxygen sensor has long service life and high response speed, so the zirconia oxygen sensor is very suitable for the real-time monitoring of the oxygen concentration in medical health, but the zirconia oxygen sensor needs a high-temperature working environment, and the measurement accuracy is influenced by temperature change, so the zirconia oxygen sensor needs a high-performance constant-temperature control unit to ensure the normal work of the zirconia oxygen sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a novel medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor and a temperature control unit thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor, which comprises a sensing unit and a temperature control unit; the sensing unit comprises a platinum electrode 2 and a zirconia solid electrolyte zirconia disk 1. A zirconia disk made of stable zirconia material, and porous platinum electrodes 2 are symmetrically generated on the left side and the right side of the zirconia disk, and the sensing unit divides the ceramic tube into two chambers; the platinum electrode output lead 7 is led out through the alumina tube 4 and sealed by the sealing ceramic 3. The sensor airway is symmetrical. The gas can smoothly enter and exit.
Further, the air passages are symmetrical, namely the left and right air chambers taking the zirconia disc as the center, the effective contact surfaces of the sensitive units and the like are symmetrical.
Further, the gas can smoothly enter and exit, namely the analysis gas passes through the gas inlet pipe and then directly reaches the sensing unit, and is rapidly discharged after contacting the sensing unit, so that dead space is avoided, and the gas cannot remain in the area.
Further, the temperature control unit comprises a thermocouple 16, a serpentine heating wire 17 and a circuit module, the temperature of the ceramic tube heating zone 6 is detected through the thermocouple 16, the serpentine heating wire 17 is wound on the outer side of the ceramic tube 5 for heating, and the circuit module detects the real-time temperature and controls the heating power.
Further, the temperature of the heating zone 6 of the ceramic tube is detected by a thermocouple 16, a thermocouple hot junction is positioned outside the middle position of the ceramic tube 5, and the temperature of the environment is compensated by a platinum resistor; thereby accurately calculating the temperature of the sensor heating zone.
Further, the snake-shaped heating wires are uniformly wound on the outer side of the ceramic tube, and the length of the covered area of the heating wires is ensured to be more than three times of the length of the area of the sensing unit; the temperature of the sensing unit is uniform, and the entering gas is effectively preheated.
Further, the circuit module detects real-time temperature and controls heating power, wherein the circuit module comprises a temperature measuring circuit, a silicon controlled trigger circuit, a temperature heating circuit and a main control chip MCU, the temperature measuring circuit inputs signals into the MCU, the MCU calculates the temperature of a heating zone, and compared with a set target temperature, the MCU calculates the conduction heating time of the control trigger circuit; thereby realizing constant temperature feedback control.
The invention has the following beneficial advantages:
(1) The sensor is symmetrically designed, the resistance is the same, and the contact area of the sensing unit and the gas is the same, so that when the gas with the same pressure enters and exits, the zero signal of the system is smaller, and the signal is convenient to directly amplify.
(2) The gas circulation is smooth, so that the gas bounces less in the cavity, the signal noise is low, the accuracy is high, and meanwhile, the response time of the sensor is short and the response is rapid due to the short gas retention time.
(3) The thermocouple measuring method is adopted, the position is arranged outside the central position of the sensing unit, the temperature is reliably detected, and the temperature of the heating area is accurately measured through ambient temperature compensation.
(4) The serpentine heating winding mode ensures that the heating is uniform and the temperature in the sensing unit is uniform.
(5) The control part controls the conduction angle of the silicon controlled rectifier to control the heating time through a feedback method, the control process is mild and small in oscillation, a closed loop is formed, and the whole temperature control is accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a thermocouple and heater winding according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature measurement circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thyristor trigger circuit of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature heating circuit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of the temperature control of the present invention.
In the figure, a zirconia disk 1, a platinum electrode 2, a sealing ceramic 3, an alumina tube 4, a ceramic tube 5, a heating zone 6, an output lead 7, an air inlet pipe 8, a sample gas end 9, a reference gas end 10, a sample gas inlet 11, a reference gas inlet 12, a sample gas outlet 13, a reference gas outlet 14, a detection cavity 15, a thermocouple 16 and a serpentine 17 heating wire.
Detailed Description
For the sake of clarity and completeness of the technical solution in the examples of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention will be provided with reference to fig. 1 to 6. Mainly relates to the design of a circuit diagram of a heating, measuring and controlling system with a symmetrical structure of a sensor, smooth gas inlet and outlet, coiling of a thermocouple and a heating wire and temperature. The device comprises a zirconia disc 1, a platinum electrode 2, a sealing ceramic 3, an alumina tube 4, a ceramic tube 5, a heating zone 6, an output lead 7, an air inlet pipe 8, a sample gas end 9, a reference gas end 10, a sample gas inlet 11, a reference gas inlet 12, a sample gas outlet 13, a reference gas outlet 14, a detection cavity 15, a thermocouple 16 and a serpentine heating wire 17.
The sensor comprises a sensing unit and a temperature control unit.
As shown in fig. 1, the sensing unit includes a platinum electrode 2 and a zirconia solid electrolyte zirconia disk 1. A zirconia disk 1 made of stable zirconia material, and porous platinum electrodes 2 are symmetrically generated on the left side and the right side of the zirconia disk 1, and the sensing unit divides the ceramic tube into two chambers; the output lead 7 of the platinum electrode 2 is led out through the alumina tube 4 and sealed by the sealing ceramic 3. The sensor airway is symmetrical and the gas inlet and outlet are smooth. The air passage is symmetrical, namely the left and right air chambers taking the zirconia disc 1 as the center, the effective contact surfaces of the sensitive units and the like are symmetrical. The gas is smoothly fed in and fed out, namely the analysis gas passes through the gas inlet pipe and then directly reaches the sensing unit, and is rapidly discharged after contacting the sensing unit, so that dead space is avoided, and the gas cannot remain in the area.
The whole sensor adopts a bilateral symmetry design, as shown in fig. 1, the middle zirconia disc 1 is taken as the center, the air inlet and outlet lengths at the two ends and the size of the inner space are consistent, and the purpose of the design is to reduce measurement errors. The ceramic tube 5 is made of zirconia, and has the dimensions of 30mm in length, 1mm in thickness, 6mm in diameter and 0.5mm in thickness. The zirconia disk 1 is an electrolyte in which zirconia is doped with yttria, and has much higher activity than zirconia alone. The joint of the alumina tube 4 and the ceramic tube 5 adopts a sealing ceramic material, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material is consistent with that of the ceramic inside the seal, so that rigid connection is avoided.
The air inlet pipe 8 is designed to ensure smooth air inlet and outlet, and the reference air end 10 and the sample air end 9 are designed to be consistent in part as shown in fig. 1. The air inlet pipe 8 is made of 3mm metal, passes through the detection cavity 15 in the middle and reaches the ceramic pipe 5, stretches into the ceramic pipe 5 to reach the sensing unit in the middle by 10mm, and the air comes out of the air inlet pipe 8 to reach the sensing unit in the middle, rapidly disperses to the periphery, and goes out of the sample air outlets 13 or the reference air outlets 14 positioned above the two sides of the detection cavity 15, so that the residual air is prevented from staying in the cavity for a long time.
As shown in fig. 2, the temperature control unit includes a thermocouple 16, a serpentine heating wire 17, a ceramic tube heating zone temperature is detected by the thermocouple 16, the serpentine heating wire 17 is wound outside the ceramic tube to heat, and a circuit module detects a real-time temperature and controls heating power. The thermocouple hot junction is positioned outside the middle position of the ceramic tube, and the temperature of the heating area of the sensor is accurately calculated by performing ambient temperature compensation through a platinum resistor.
The snake-shaped heating wire 17 is uniformly wound on the outer side of the ceramic tube 5, and the length of the covering area of the heating wire is more than three times of that of the sensing unit area, so that the temperature of the sensing unit is uniform, and the entering gas is effectively preheated.
The thermocouple 16 and the serpentine heating wire 17 are wound, as shown in fig. 2, the alumina tube 4 is slightly shorter than the ceramic tube 5, each is assembled side by side to form a tube shape, the ceramic tube 5 is wrapped, the serpentine heating wire 17 passes through the inside of the alumina tube 4 respectively and wraps the ceramic tube 5, so that the ceramic tube is heated uniformly, one of the alumina tubes 4 is left, the thermocouple 16 is installed, the connection point is positioned at the center of the zirconia disc 1, and the measured temperature can represent the temperature of the heating zone.
The circuit module detects real-time temperature and controls heating power, wherein the circuit module comprises a temperature measuring circuit, a silicon controlled trigger circuit, a temperature heating circuit and a main control chip MCU, the temperature measuring circuit inputs signals into the MCU, the MCU calculates the temperature of a heating area, and compared with a set target temperature, the temperature measuring circuit calculates the conduction heating time of the trigger circuit, so that constant-temperature feedback control is realized.
The schematic diagram of the temperature measuring circuit is shown in fig. 3, and mainly adopts an AD7793 chip, the principle is that a node is placed in a heating area 6 and used for detecting the temperature difference between the heating area 6 and the environment, a thermistor is positioned in a circuit module and used for measuring the environment temperature, when the temperature difference occurs, a potential difference is generated, the AD7793 receives the thermocouple detection temperature difference and the thermistor detection environment temperature, the temperature of the heating area 6 is the sum of the thermocouple detection temperature difference and the platinum resistance detection environment temperature, the measured temperature result is processed by an internal analog microcontroller of the AD7793 and converted into a digital signal to be transmitted through an interface.
The trigger and temperature heating principle diagrams of the thyristors are shown in fig. 4 and 5, and mainly adopt a trigger circuit special chip TCA789, wherein N1 and N2 are VMOS tubes, T1 and T2 are two unidirectional reverse parallel thyristors at the control rear end of an isolation transformer, the thyristors are respectively conducted in turn at the positive end and the negative end of a power supply, the voltages at the two ends of a heater are controlled by the conduction angles of the thyristors, and when the conduction angles are increased, the voltages at the two ends are reduced, the heating power is reduced, the temperature is reduced, and otherwise, the temperature is increased, so that the power or the temperature of the heater can be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 6, the temperature control flow chart, the front stage is used for converting the voltage into the available voltage, the heating power of the heater is controlled through the conduction angle of the controllable silicon, the temperature difference detected by the thermocouple and the ambient temperature detected by the thermistor are received through the AD7793, the temperature of the heating zone is calculated, the obtained temperature signal of the heating zone and the signal of the set temperature are input into software together, the conduction angle is calculated and output, the conduction angle signal is transmitted to the trigger circuit, and finally the controllable silicon is regulated, so that the temperature is regulated, the closed loop control is formed, and the temperature is precisely controlled.
The specific using method of the sensor comprises the following steps:
firstly, symmetrically introducing a sample gas outlet 13 and a reference gas outlet 14 into a vacuum suction pump through two sections of temperature-resistant gas pipes, and ensuring that the suction pressure of the gas pump on two paths of gas is equal as much as possible;
secondly, connecting a reference gas inlet 12 to standard reference gas with known concentration through a temperature-resistant pipe through an adjustable throttle valve, connecting a sample gas inlet 11 to a gas part to be detected through the temperature-resistant pipe through the adjustable throttle valve, adjusting the throttle valves on two sides to enable the gas flow rates on two sides to be as close as possible, wherein the flow rate difference is not more than 30 milliliters per minute, and the flow rate range is generally 50-400 milliliters per minute;
the temperature control unit is automatically heated according to the set temperature, and the temperature of the sensor reaches a stable state through the preheating time of a few minutes;
according to the difference between the gas concentration of the part to be measured and the reference gas concentration, the corresponding voltage signal is output on the platinum electrode output lead, and the oxygen concentration of the part to be measured can be rapidly measured through subsequent amplification and detection of the model.
The above examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are not exhaustive of all details, nor are they intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. Various modifications and improvements of the technical scheme of the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined in the claims without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor is characterized in that: the sensor comprises a sensing unit and a temperature control unit; the sensing unit comprises a platinum electrode (2) and a zirconia solid electrolyte zirconia disc (1); a zirconia disc made of stable zirconia material, and porous platinum electrodes (2) are symmetrically generated on the left side and the right side of the zirconia disc, and the sensing unit divides the ceramic tube into two chambers; the platinum electrode output lead (7) is led out through the alumina tube (4) and is sealed by adopting sealing ceramics (3); the sensor airway is symmetrical; the zirconia disc (1) is an electrolyte with zirconia doped with yttria;
the air passage is symmetrical, namely the effective contact surfaces of the left and right air chambers taking the zirconia disc as the center and the sensitive unit are symmetrical;
the analysis gas passes through the air inlet pipe and then directly reaches the sensing unit, and is discharged after contacting the sensing unit, so that no dead space exists;
the temperature control unit comprises a thermocouple (16), a snake-shaped heating wire (17) and a circuit module, wherein the temperature of the heating area (6) of the ceramic tube is detected through the thermocouple, the snake-shaped heating wire (17) is wound on the outer side of the ceramic tube for heating, and the circuit module detects the real-time temperature and controls the heating power;
the temperature of the heating zone (6) of the ceramic tube is detected by a thermocouple (16), and the thermocouple hot junction is positioned at the outer side of the middle position of the ceramic tube (5) and carries out environmental temperature compensation by a platinum resistor;
the serpentine heating wire (17) is uniformly wound on the outer side of the ceramic tube (5), and the length of the covered area of the heating wire is more than three times of the length of the area of the sensing unit; the thermocouple (16) and the serpentine heating wire (17) are wound, the alumina tubes (4) are shorter than the ceramic tubes (5), each of the alumina tubes (5) are assembled into a tube shape side by side, the ceramic tubes (5) are wrapped, the serpentine heating wire (17) respectively passes through the inside of the alumina tubes (4) and wraps the ceramic tubes (5) to uniformly heat the ceramic tubes, one of the alumina tubes (4) is reserved, the thermocouple (16) is installed in, the connection point of the thermocouple is located at the center of the zirconia disc (1), and the measured temperature of the thermocouple can represent the temperature of a heating zone;
the circuit module detects real-time temperature and controls heating power, wherein the circuit module comprises a temperature measuring circuit, a silicon controlled trigger circuit, a temperature heating circuit and a main control chip MCU, the temperature measuring circuit inputs signals into the MCU, the MCU calculates the temperature of a heating zone, and compared with a set target temperature, the MCU calculates the conduction heating time of the trigger circuit.
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| CN202110542186.3A CN113311050B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor |
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| CN202110542186.3A CN113311050B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Medical rapid zirconia oxygen sensor |
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| CN113311050B true CN113311050B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| CN115753887B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2024-04-09 | 广州市华粤行医疗科技有限公司 | Trace oxygen detection device, trace oxygen analyzer, and trace oxygen detection method |
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