CN107402230B - Tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and method - Google Patents
Tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107402230B CN107402230B CN201710646191.2A CN201710646191A CN107402230B CN 107402230 B CN107402230 B CN 107402230B CN 201710646191 A CN201710646191 A CN 201710646191A CN 107402230 B CN107402230 B CN 107402230B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products, and belongs to the field of tobacco product detection. The invention comprises a control module, a detection module, a suction module and a power supply module; the detection module is electrically connected with the control module, the detection module is connected with the suction module through a plastic pipe, the detection module is electrically connected with the power module, the control module is electrically connected with the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected with the power module. The tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device established through reasonable constitution and connection can be effectively used for measuring the smoke concentration of the tobacco product; meanwhile, the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device can realize the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement by adopting a related method, and is specifically shown as follows: the smoke concentration of tobacco products is measured by changing the resistance of the heat-sensitive element in the measuring cavity caused by different heat conductivities of different smoke concentrations, generating a voltage difference, amplifying the voltage difference by an amplifier, transmitting the voltage difference to a programmable controller, processing the voltage difference to convert the voltage difference into a smoke concentration value, and further realizing the smoke concentration measurement of the tobacco products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products, and belongs to the field of tobacco product detection.
Background
In recent years, with the stagnation and even decline of sales of traditional tobacco products in some developed countries and the continuous increase of smoking inhibition force in public places in many countries, new tobacco products such as low-temperature cigarettes, smokeless tobacco products and electronic cigarettes are rapidly rising. In the tobacco market in China, traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes are still mainstream, and other novel tobacco products are rare. At present, tobacco enterprises and research and development institutions pay attention to the assessment of smoke quality, and a large number of technical methods are needed to provide technical support for analysis and research of the smoke quantity of traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes.
The detection equipment of the performance parameters of the tobacco products is not perfect, particularly the detection of the smoke quantity and concentration, and the detection equipment which is perfect and can quantitatively detect the smoke quantity and concentration is not available on the market. The multifunctional tester for the electronic cigarette (application number: 201520180146.9) applied by Shenzhen Jieshibo science and technology Co., ltd. Is capable of detecting the smoke concentration by a light transmission method, and the light transmission method can reflect the smoke concentration to a certain extent, but cannot completely test the gas phase and the liquid phase generated by electronic aerosolization, and does not realize quantitative test of the smoke concentration.
The construction of the tobacco smoke concentration measuring device needs to consider the constitution and connection of the tobacco smoke concentration measuring device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and a method, which are used for establishing the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device through reasonable constitution and connection; meanwhile, the tobacco smoke concentration measurement device adopts a related method to realize the tobacco smoke concentration measurement.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a tobacco smoke concentration measuring device comprises a control module, a detection module, a suction module and a power supply module;
the detection module is electrically connected with the control module, the detection module is connected with the suction module through a plastic pipe, the detection module is electrically connected with the power module, the control module is electrically connected with the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected with the power module;
the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction and the control module are used for receiving the temperature signal of the detection module according to the control module and controlling the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction of the detection module through the on-off control of the power module, and the suction time of the suction module is controlled through the on-off control of the power module according to the temperature signal of the detection module received by the control module; the smoke concentration value is obtained by processing voltage difference generated by the change of resistance of the thermistor element in the detection module through the different heat conductivities of different smoke concentrations generated in the suction module.
The control module comprises a PC (personal computer) 1, a programmable controller 2, a signal amplifier 3, a high-precision slide rheostat 4 and a fuse 10, the detection module comprises a detection device 5 and a resistor box 6, the suction module comprises a speed-regulating air pump 7 and a smoke-exhausting clamp 37, and the power module comprises a switching power supply 8 and a high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply 9;
the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected with the switching power supply 8, the speed-regulating air pump 7 is electrically connected with the switching power supply 8, and the on-off of the switching power supply 8 is controlled, so that the suction time of the speed-regulating air pump 7 is controlled; the metal heating rod 20 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected with the switch power supply 8, and the switch power supply 8 supplies power to the metal heating rod 20 to raise the temperature and lower the temperature in a power-off way; the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2, the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the PC 1, the sliding sheet of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is electrically connected with the fuse 10, the other end of the fuse 10 is connected with the positive electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply 9, the negative electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply 9 is connected with the heat sensitive element I22 of the detection device 5, the resistance box 6 is internally provided with a bridge circuit formed by the fixed resistor I35 and the resistor II 36, and the resistor I35, the resistor II 36, the heat sensitive element I22 of the detection device 5, the heat sensitive element II 28 of the detection device 5 and the high-precision sliding rheostat 4; the outlet pipe 16 in the detection device 5 is connected with the speed-regulating air pump 7 through a plastic pipe, the air inlet pipe 15 in the detection device 5 is connected with the smoke extraction clamp 37 through a plastic pipe, smoke generated by tobacco products placed on the smoke extraction clamp 37 enters the main air passage 17 in the detection device 5, the measuring cavity I21 in the detection device 5 and the measuring cavity II 27 in the detection device 5, the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected with the programmable controller 2, and the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 is used for feeding back the detected temperature signal of the main air passage 17 to the programmable controller 2.
The detection device 5 comprises a heat preservation box, a metal body 14, an air inlet pipe 15, an air outlet pipe 16, a main air passage 17, a metal elastic sheet I18, a metal elastic sheet II 19, a metal heating rod 20, a measurement cavity I21, a heat-sensitive element I22, a ceramic bolt I23, a lead I24, an orifice I25, a branch air passage I26, a measurement cavity II 27, a heat-sensitive element II 28, a ceramic bolt II 29, a lead II 30, an orifice II 31, a branch air passage II 32, an iron pin 33 and a thermocouple temperature sensor 34;
the metal body 14 is arranged in a heat preservation box, the measurement cavity I21, the measurement cavity II 27, the main air passage 17, the air dividing passage I26 and the air dividing passage II 32 are all processed on the metal body 14, the air inlet and the air outlet of the main air passage 17 are respectively connected to the outer end of the metal shell 11 through metal pipes and serve as an air inlet pipe 15 and an air outlet pipe 16, the air inlet and the air outlet of the main air passage 17 are respectively elastically sealed by a conical metal elastic sheet I18 and a metal elastic sheet II 19, uniformly distributed metal heating rods 20 in the metal body 14 at the lower end of the main air passage 17 preheat the main air passage 17 before smoke concentration measurement is carried out through the metal heating rods 20, the measurement cavity I21 encapsulates the heat-sensitive element I22 through a ceramic bolt I23 and leads out a lead I24, the measurement cavity II 27 encapsulates the heat-sensitive element II 28 through a ceramic bolt II 29 and leads out a lead II 30, the lower end of the measurement cavity I21 is directly communicated with the main air passage 17, the upper end of the measurement cavity I21 is communicated with the main air passage 17 through a branch I26, the upper end of the measurement cavity II 27 is communicated with the main air passage 17 through a branch II 32, a branch air passage I21 is provided with the main air passage 17, a branch air passage I25 is connected with the temperature sensor II is provided with the branch air passage I21, and a branch air passage II is provided with a branch air passage 25 is provided with a thermocouple II, and a temperature sensor II is embedded in the position of the main air passage 32 is provided with the branch air passage 17;
the lead I24 led out by the thermosensitive element I22 is connected with the resistor I35 in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of the resistor I35 is connected to the maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat 4, and the connection point is B; the other maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat 4 is connected in series with a lead II 30 led out of a thermosensitive element II 28, and the series node is C; the other end of the lead II 30 led out by the thermosensitive element II 28 is connected in series to a resistor II 36, and the serial node is D; the other end of the resistor II 36 is connected with the thermosensitive element I22, and the node is E; the signal acquisition end of the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the node A and the node D respectively.
The heat preservation box comprises a metal shell 11, a silicon cotton plate 12 and glass beads 13;
the metal body 14 is fixed in the metal shell 11 through the iron pin 33, the silicon cotton plate 12 is attached to the inner wall of the metal shell 11 for heat preservation, and the miniature glass beads 13 are filled between the silicon cotton plate 12 and the metal body 14.
The volume of the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27 is not more than 100 mu L and is cylindrical.
The thermosensitive element I22 and the thermosensitive element II 28 are tungsten wires or platinum wires or rhenium tungsten wires or platinum tungsten alloy wires.
The metal spring plates I18 and II 19 are made of magnesium aluminum alloy.
A method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, installing a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, and placing the tobacco product on a smoking fixture 37; the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply 9 is turned on, the heat-sensitive element I22, the heat-sensitive element II 28, the resistor I35, the resistor II 36 and the high-precision slide rheostat 4 form a bridge circuit, the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply 9 supplies power to the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II 28 for continuous heating, and after the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply is stabilized, the slide sheets of the high-precision slide rheostat 4 are adjusted, so that the voltage U at two ends of a A, D contact point is enabled to be the voltage U AD =0v; wherein, a lead I24 led out by the thermosensitive element I22 is connected with a resistor I35 in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of the lead II 30 led out by the thermosensitive element II 28 is connected in series to a resistor II 36, and the serial node is D;
s2, the programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to turn on and off the metal heating rod 20 according to the temperature of the main air channel 17 set by the PC 1 and the temperature signal fed back by the thermocouple temperature sensor 34, so that the temperature of the main air channel 17 is stabilized at the set temperature;
s3, after the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature of the main air channel 17 is stable, the temperature is fed back to the programmable controller 2, and the programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to control the speed-adjusting air pump 7 to suck according to the sucking condition set by the PC 1;
s4, when the speed regulating air pump 7 controls the tobacco products on the smoking clamp 37 to suck, the metal elastic sheet I18 and the metal elastic sheet II 19 are opened due to air pressure difference, and smoke generated by the tobacco products enters the main air passage 17 through the air inlet pipe 15 and flows into the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27; smog heat conduction for thermistor I22 and thermistor II 28 heat dissipation, thermistor I22 and thermistor II 28 resistance reduce, A, D joint both ends voltage unbalance, smog coefficient of heat conductivity and A, D joint both ends voltage relation:wherein lambda is m Is smoke heat conductivity coefficient, l is the length of the heat-sensitive element I22 or the heat-sensitive element II 28, r n Radius r of heat-sensitive element I22 or heat-sensitive element II 28 c For measuring the radius of the cavity I21 or the cavity II 27, R s The resistance value of the resistor I35 or the resistor II 36 is that a is the temperature change coefficient of the thermosensitive element I22 or the thermosensitive element II 28 along with the temperature, I is half of the current value displayed by the high-precision adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply 9, and R 0 The resistance value of the thermosensitive element I22 or the thermosensitive element II 28 is zero when no current is applied, U is the voltage displayed by the high-precision stabilized power supply 9, U AD For the signal amplifier 3 to detect the voltage signal of the A, D junction, t c For measuring the temperature of the cavity I21 or the cavity II 27;
s5, according to the relation q between the smoke concentration and the smoke heat conductivity coefficient m ＝Kλ m ObtainingWherein q m For smoke concentration, K is a constant coefficient.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device established through reasonable constitution and connection can be effectively used for measuring the smoke concentration of the tobacco product; meanwhile, the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device can realize the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement by adopting a related method, and is specifically shown as follows: the smoke concentration of tobacco products is measured by changing the resistance of the heat-sensitive element in the measuring cavity caused by different heat conductivities of different smoke concentrations, generating a voltage difference, amplifying the voltage difference by an amplifier, transmitting the voltage difference to a programmable controller, processing the voltage difference to convert the voltage difference into a smoke concentration value, and further realizing the smoke concentration measurement of the tobacco products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the resistor box of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the drawings: the device comprises a 1-PC, a 2-programmable controller, a 3-signal amplifier, a 4-high-precision slide rheostat, a 5-detection device, a 6-resistor box, a 7-speed regulation air pump, an 8-switching power supply, a 9-high-precision adjustable voltage stabilizing power supply, a 10-fuse, a 11-metal shell, a 12-silicon cotton plate, a 13-glass bead, a 14-metal body, a 15-air inlet pipe, a 16-air outlet pipe, a 17-main air passage, a 18-metal spring plate I, a 19-metal spring plate II, a 20-metal heating rod, a 21-measurement cavity I, a 22-heat-sensitive element I, a 23-ceramic bolt I, a 24-wire I, a 25-orifice I, a 26-gas distribution passage I, a 27-measurement cavity II, a 28-heat-sensitive element II, a 29-ceramic bolt II, a 30-wire II, a 31-orifice II, a 32-gas distribution passage II, a 33-iron pin, a 34-thermocouple temperature sensor, a 35-resistor I, a 36-resistor II and a 37-smoke exhausting clamp.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited to the scope.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-3, a tobacco smoke concentration measuring device comprises a control module, a detection module, a suction module and a power supply module;
the detection module is electrically connected with the control module, the detection module is connected with the suction module through a plastic pipe, the detection module is electrically connected with the power module, the control module is electrically connected with the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected with the power module;
the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction and the control module are used for receiving the temperature signal of the detection module according to the control module and controlling the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction of the detection module through the on-off control of the power module, and the suction time of the suction module is controlled through the on-off control of the power module according to the temperature signal of the detection module received by the control module; the smoke concentration value is obtained by processing voltage difference generated by the change of resistance of the thermistor element in the detection module through the different heat conductivities of different smoke concentrations generated in the suction module.
Further, the control module comprises a PC 1, a programmable controller 2, a signal amplifier 3, a high-precision slide rheostat 4 and a fuse 10, the detection module comprises a detection device 5 and a resistor box 6, the suction module comprises a speed-regulating air pump 7 and a smoke-exhausting clamp 37, and the power module comprises a switching power supply 8 and a high-precision adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply 9;
the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected with the switching power supply 8, the speed-regulating air pump 7 is electrically connected with the switching power supply 8, and the on-off of the switching power supply 8 is controlled, so that the suction time of the speed-regulating air pump 7 is controlled; the metal heating rod 20 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected with the switch power supply 8, and the switch power supply 8 supplies power to the metal heating rod 20 to raise the temperature and lower the temperature in a power-off way; the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2, the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the PC 1, the sliding sheet of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is electrically connected with the fuse 10, the other end of the fuse 10 is connected with the positive electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply 9, the negative electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply 9 is connected with the heat sensitive element I22 of the detection device 5, two equivalent resistors of the resistor I35 and the resistor II 36 are fixed in the resistor box 6 through a hairpin, and the resistor I35, the resistor II 36, the heat sensitive element I22 of the detection device 5, the heat sensitive element II 28 of the detection device 5 and the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 form a bridge circuit; the outlet pipe 16 in the detection device 5 is connected with the speed-regulating air pump 7 through a plastic pipe, the air inlet pipe 15 in the detection device 5 is connected with the smoke extraction clamp 37 through a plastic pipe, smoke generated by tobacco products placed on the smoke extraction clamp 37 enters the main air passage 17 in the detection device 5, the measuring cavity I21 in the detection device 5 and the measuring cavity II 27 in the detection device 5, the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected with the programmable controller 2, and the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 is used for feeding back the detected temperature signal of the main air passage 17 to the programmable controller 2. The fuse 8 prevents the excessive current of the circuit and plays a role in the protection of the burn-out.
Further, the detection device 5 may be provided to include a thermal insulation box, a metal body 14, an air inlet pipe 15, an air outlet pipe 16, a main air passage 17, a metal spring plate i 18, a metal spring plate ii 19, a metal heating rod 20, a measurement cavity i 21, a heat sensitive element i 22, a ceramic bolt i 23, a wire i 24, an orifice i 25, a gas-dividing passage i 26, a measurement cavity ii 27, a heat sensitive element ii 28, a ceramic bolt ii 29, a wire ii 30, an orifice ii 31, a gas-dividing passage ii 32, an iron pin 33, and a thermocouple temperature sensor 34;
the metal body 14 is arranged in a heat preservation box, a measuring cavity I21, a measuring cavity II 27, a main air passage 17, a branch air passage I26 and a branch air passage II 32 are all processed on the metal body 14, an air inlet and an air outlet of the main air passage 17 are respectively welded and connected to the outer end of a metal shell 11 through metal pipes to serve as an air inlet pipe 15 and an air outlet pipe 16, the air inlet and the air outlet of the main air passage 17 are respectively elastically sealed by a conical metal elastic sheet I18 and a metal elastic sheet II 19 (one side of the elastic sheet is connected, the other side of the elastic sheet is free), a uniformly distributed metal heating rod 20 is uniformly distributed in the metal body 14 at the lower end of the main air passage 17, the main air passage 17 is preheated by the metal heating rod 20 before smoke concentration testing, the measuring cavity I21 is provided with a heat sensitive element I22 and leads out a lead I24 by a ceramic bolt I23, the measuring cavity II 27 is provided with a heat sensitive element II 28 and leads out a lead II 30 by a ceramic bolt II 29, the lower end of the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27 is directly communicated with the main air passage 17, the upper end of the measuring cavity I21 is communicated with the main air passage 17 by the branch air passage II 19 by the branch air passage II 26, the upper end of the measuring cavity II 27 is communicated with the main air passage II is provided with the main air passage 17 by the branch air passage 17, the upper end of the measuring cavity II is provided with the branch air passage II is provided with the heat sensitive element II is provided with a temperature sensor II is connected with the heat sensor II 32, and the temperature sensor II is connected with the main air passage II is provided with the main air passage 17; (the throttle hole I25 and the throttle hole II 31 respectively prevent the influence of air flow fluctuation on the heat of the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II 28, and when the suction device sucks, the metal spring I18 and the metal spring II 19 are opened due to air pressure difference, and when the suction is stopped, the metal spring I18 and the metal spring II 19 seal the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole due to elastic characteristics, so that the concentration change of the air diffused to the outside is prevented);
the lead I24 led out by the thermosensitive element I22 is connected with the resistor I35 in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of the resistor I35 is connected to the maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat 4, and the connection point is B; the other maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat 4 is connected in series with a lead II 30 led out of a thermosensitive element II 28, and the series node is C; the other end of the lead II 30 led out by the thermosensitive element II 28 is connected in series to a resistor II 36, and the serial node is D; the other end of the resistor II 36 is connected with the thermosensitive element I22, and the node is E; the signal acquisition end of the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the node A and the node D respectively.
Further, the insulation box may be provided to include a metal housing 11, a silicon wool board 12, and glass beads 13;
the metal body 14 is fixed in the metal shell 11 through the iron pin 33, the silicon cotton plate 12 is attached to the inner wall of the metal shell 11 for heat preservation, and the miniature glass beads 13 are filled between the silicon cotton plate 12 and the metal body 14. (the silicon cotton plate 12 and the micro glass beads 13 play a role in heat preservation on the metal body 14 when the equipment works, so that the influence of the external environment on the temperature of the metal body 14 is avoided).
Further, the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27 may be provided in a cylindrical shape with a volume of not more than 100. Mu.L.
Further, the thermosensitive element i 22 and the thermosensitive element ii 28 may be provided as tungsten wires or platinum wires or rhenium tungsten wires or platinum tungsten alloy wires.
Further, the metal spring plate I18 and the metal spring plate II 19 can be made of magnesium aluminum alloy.
A method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, installing a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, and placing the tobacco product on a smoking fixture 37; high-precision adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply 9 and thermosensitive elementI22, a thermosensitive element II 28, a resistor I35, a resistor II 36 and a high-precision slide rheostat 4 form a bridge circuit, a high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply 9 supplies power to the thermosensitive element I22 and the thermosensitive element II 28 for continuous heating, and after the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply is stabilized, a slide sheet of the high-precision slide rheostat 4 is adjusted to enable voltage U at two ends of a A, D contact point AD =0v, signal amplifier 3 output is zero; wherein, a lead I24 led out by the thermosensitive element I22 is connected with a resistor I35 in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of the lead II 30 led out by the thermosensitive element II 28 is connected in series to a resistor II 36, and the serial node is D;
s2, the programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to turn on and off the metal heating rod 20 according to the temperature of the main air channel 17 set by the PC 1 and the temperature signal fed back by the thermocouple temperature sensor 34, so that the temperature of the main air channel 17 is stabilized at the set temperature; (the main air passage 17 is set to have constant temperature function to ensure that the temperature of smoke generated by electronic cigarettes with different powers is consistent before the smoke enters the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27);
s3, after the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature of the main air channel 17 is stable, the temperature is fed back to the programmable controller 2, and the programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to control the speed-adjusting air pump 7 to suck according to the sucking condition set by the PC 1;
s4, when the speed regulating air pump 7 controls the tobacco products on the smoking clamp 37 to suck, the metal elastic sheet I18 and the metal elastic sheet II 19 are opened due to air pressure difference, and smoke generated by the tobacco products enters the main air passage 17 through the air inlet pipe 15 and flows into the measuring cavity I21 and the measuring cavity II 27; smog heat conduction for thermistor I22 and thermistor II 28 heat dissipation, thermistor I22 and thermistor II 28 resistance reduce, A, D joint both ends voltage unbalance, smog coefficient of heat conductivity and A, D joint both ends voltage relation:wherein lambda is m Is smoke heat conductivity coefficient, l is the length of the heat-sensitive element I22 or the heat-sensitive element II 28, r n Radius r of heat-sensitive element I22 or heat-sensitive element II 28 c For measuring cavity I21 or cavity II27 radius, R s The resistance value of the resistor I35 or the resistor II 36 is that a is the temperature change coefficient of the thermosensitive element I22 or the thermosensitive element II 28 along with the temperature, I is half of the current value displayed by the high-precision adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply 9, and R 0 The resistance value of the thermosensitive element I22 or the thermosensitive element II 28 is zero when no current is applied, U is the voltage displayed by the high-precision stabilized power supply 9, U AD For the signal amplifier 3 to detect the voltage signal of the A, D junction, t c For measuring the temperature of the cavity I21 or the cavity II 27;
s5, according to the relation q between the smoke concentration and the smoke heat conductivity coefficient m ＝Kλ m ObtainingWherein q m For smoke concentration, K is a constant coefficient.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. bridge stabilization U composed of thermosensitive element I22, thermosensitive element II 28, resistor I35, resistor II 36 and high-precision slide rheostat 4 AD ＝0V；
2. After the smoke is introduced, the voltage of the A, D junction of the measuring cavity is changed due to heat dissipation and conduction of the smoke concentration thermosensitive element:
wherein DeltaR m Resistance values changed for the thermosensitive element; r is R s The resistance is the resistance value; u is high-precision adjustable regulated power supply voltage;
3. (1) heat transferred from the thermosensitive element to the measured gas in the thermal conductivity cell per unit time
Wherein lambda is m Is the heat conductivity coefficient of smoke; l is the effective length of the thermosensitive element; r is (r) n Is the radius of the thermosensitive element; r is R 0 The resistance value of the thermosensitive element at 0 ℃; r is (r) c To measure the cavity radius; t is t n The temperature of the thermosensitive element reaches the equilibrium temperature under the action of current; t is t c To measure the cavity temperature.
(2) Heat generation amount of the thermosensitive element:
Q 2 ＝0.24I 2 R n (3)
wherein R is n The resistance value of the thermosensitive element after being electrified is that I is the current flowing through the thermosensitive element (half of the current is displayed by the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply)
(3) At thermal equilibrium, there is Q 1 ＝Q 2 Namely:
and due to R n ＝R 0 (1+αt n ) I.e.Substituting into the above (4) to obtain
Wherein alpha is the temperature change coefficient of the resistance of the thermosensitive element.
Order the
And ignoring the higher order infinitely small amounts, then:
and due to
Substituting (6) and (8) into (1) to obtain the finished product:
then according to the relation q between the smoke concentration and the heat conductivity coefficient m ＝Kλ m Obtaining:
wherein q m For smoke concentration, K is a constant coefficient.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring device, characterized in that: the device comprises a control module, a detection module, a suction module and a power supply module;
the detection module is electrically connected with the control module, the detection module is connected with the suction module through a plastic pipe, the detection module is electrically connected with the power module, the control module is electrically connected with the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected with the power module;
the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction and the control module are used for receiving the temperature signal of the detection module according to the control module and controlling the power supply temperature rise, the power failure temperature reduction of the detection module through the on-off control of the power module, and the suction time of the suction module is controlled through the on-off control of the power module according to the temperature signal of the detection module received by the control module; the smoke concentration value is obtained by processing voltage difference generated by the change of resistance of the thermistor element in the detection module through different heat conductivity of different smoke concentrations generated in the suction module;
the control module comprises a PC (1), a programmable controller (2), a signal amplifier (3), a high-precision slide rheostat (4) and a fuse (10), the detection module comprises a detection device (5) and a resistor box (6), the suction module comprises a speed-regulating air pump (7) and a smoke-exhausting clamp (37), and the power module comprises a switching power supply (8) and a high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply (9);
the programmable controller (2) is electrically connected with the switching power supply (8), the speed-regulating air pump (7) is electrically connected with the switching power supply (8), and the on-off of the switching power supply (8) is controlled, so that the suction time of the speed-regulating air pump (7) is controlled; the metal heating rod (20) in the detection device (5) is electrically connected with the switching power supply (8), and the switching power supply (8) supplies power to the metal heating rod (20) to raise the temperature and lower the temperature in a power-off way; the signal amplifier (3) is electrically connected to the programmable controller (2), the programmable controller (2) is electrically connected to the PC (1), the sliding sheet of the high-precision sliding rheostat (4) is electrically connected with the fuse (10), the other end of the fuse (10) is connected with the positive electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply (9), the negative electrode of the high-precision adjustable stabilized power supply (9) is connected with the heat sensitive element I (22) in the detection device (5), and a bridge circuit is formed in the resistor box (6) through the fixed resistor I (35) and the resistor II (36) which are equal in resistance, the resistor I (35), the resistor II (36), the heat sensitive element I (22) in the detection device (5), the heat sensitive element II (28) in the detection device (5) and the high-precision sliding rheostat (4); an air outlet pipe (16) in the detection device (5) is connected with a speed regulation air pump (7) through a plastic pipe, an air inlet pipe (15) in the detection device (5) is connected with a smoke extraction clamp (37) through the plastic pipe, smoke generated by tobacco products arranged on the smoke extraction clamp (37) enters a main air passage (17) in the detection device (5), a measurement cavity I (21) in the detection device (5) and a measurement cavity II (27) in the detection device (5), a thermocouple temperature sensor (34) in the detection device (5) is electrically connected with a programmable controller (2), and the thermocouple temperature sensor (34) is used for feeding back detected temperature signals of the main air passage (17) to the programmable controller (2).
2. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the detection device (5) comprises a heat preservation box, a metal body (14), an air inlet pipe (15), an air outlet pipe (16), a main air passage (17), a metal elastic sheet I (18), a metal elastic sheet II (19), a metal heating rod (20), a measurement cavity I (21), a heat sensitive element I (22), a ceramic bolt I (23), a lead I (24), an orifice I (25), a gas distribution passage I (26), a measurement cavity II (27), a heat sensitive element II (28), a ceramic bolt II (29), a lead II (30), an orifice II (31), a gas distribution passage II (32), an iron pin (33) and a thermocouple temperature sensor (34);
the metal body (14) is arranged in the heat preservation box, the measuring cavity I (21), the measuring cavity II (27), the main air passage (17), the air dividing passage I (26) and the air dividing passage II (32) are all processed on the metal body (14), the air inlet and the air outlet of the main air passage (17) are respectively connected to the outer end of the metal shell (11) through metal pipes and serve as an air inlet pipe (15) and an air outlet pipe (16), the air inlet and the air outlet of the main air passage (17) are respectively elastically sealed by a conical metal elastic sheet I (18) and a metal elastic sheet II (19), metal heating rods (20) are uniformly distributed in the metal body (14) at the lower end of the main air passage (17), the main air passage (17) is preheated before smoke concentration testing is carried out through the metal heating rods (20), the measuring cavity I (21) is packaged with a thermosensitive element I (22) through a ceramic bolt I (23) and a lead wire I (24) is led out, the measuring cavity II (27) is packaged with a thermosensitive element II (28) through a ceramic bolt II (29) and a lead II (30) is led out, the measuring cavity I (21) and the lower end of the measuring cavity (27) is directly communicated with the main air passage (17) through the upper end of the main air passage (17), the upper end of the measuring cavity II (27) is communicated with the main air passage (17) through a branch air passage II (32), an orifice I (25) is arranged at the joint of the branch air passage I (26) and the measuring cavity I (21), an orifice II (31) is arranged at the joint of the branch air passage II (32) and the measuring cavity II (27), and a thermocouple temperature sensor (34) is embedded in the inner wall of the main air passage (17);
the lead I (24) led out by the thermosensitive element I (22) is connected with the resistor I (35) in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of the resistor I (35) is connected to the maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat (4), and the connection point is B; the other maximum resistance end of the high-precision slide rheostat (4) is connected in series with a lead II (30) led out by a thermosensitive element II (28), and the series node is C; the other end of a lead II (30) led out from the thermosensitive element II (28) is connected in series to a resistor II (36), and the serial node is D; the other end of the resistor II (36) is connected with the thermosensitive element I (22), and the node is E; the signal acquisition end of the signal amplifier (3) is electrically connected to the node A and the node D respectively.
3. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the heat preservation box comprises a metal shell (11), a silicon cotton plate (12) and glass beads (13);
the metal body (14) is fixed in the metal shell (11) through the iron pin (33), the silicon cotton plate (12) is attached to the inner wall of the metal shell (11) for heat preservation, and the miniature glass beads (13) are filled between the silicon cotton plate (12) and the metal body (14).
4. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the volume of the measuring cavity I (21) and the measuring cavity II (27) is not more than 100 mu L and the measuring cavity I and the measuring cavity II are cylindrical.
5. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the thermosensitive element I (22) and the thermosensitive element II (28) are tungsten wires or platinum wires or rhenium tungsten wires or platinum tungsten alloy wires.
6. A tobacco smoke concentration measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the metal spring plates I (18) and II (19) are made of magnesium aluminum alloy.
7. A method of measuring a smoke concentration of a tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, installing a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, and placing the tobacco product on a smoking clamp (37); the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply (9) is turned on, the heat-sensitive element I (22), the heat-sensitive element II (28), the resistor I (35), the resistor II (36) and the high-precision sliding rheostat (4) form a bridge circuit, the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply (9) supplies power to the heat-sensitive element I (22) and the heat-sensitive element II (28) to continuously heat, and after the heat-sensitive element I and the heat-sensitive element II are stabilized, the sliding sheet of the high-precision sliding rheostat (4) is adjusted to enable the voltage U at two ends of a A, D joint to be equal to the voltage U AD =0v; wherein, a lead I (24) led out by the thermosensitive element I (22) is connected with a resistor I (35) in series, and the serial node is A; the other end of a lead II (30) led out from the thermosensitive element II (28) is connected in series to a resistor II (36), and the serial node is D;
s2, the programmable controller (2) controls the switching power supply (8) to turn on and off the metal heating rod (20) according to the temperature of the main air channel (17) set by the PC (1) and the temperature signal fed back by the thermocouple temperature sensor (34), so that the temperature of the main air channel (17) is stabilized at the set temperature;
s3, detecting that the temperature of the main air channel (17) is stable by a thermocouple temperature sensor (34), feeding back to a programmable controller (2), and controlling a switching power supply (8) to control the pumping of the speed adjusting air pump (7) by the programmable controller (2) according to pumping conditions set by the PC (1);
s4, when the speed regulating air pump (7) controls the tobacco products on the smoking clamp (37) to suck, the metal elastic sheet I (18) and the metal elastic sheet II (19) are opened due to air pressure difference, and smoke generated by the tobacco products enters the main air passage (17) through the air inlet pipe (15) and flows into the measuring cavity I (21) and the measuring cavity II (27); the smog heat conduction for heat dissipation of thermal element I (22) and thermal element II (28), thermal element I (22) and thermal element II (28) resistance reduce, A, D joint both ends voltage unbalance, smog coefficient of heat conductivity and A, D joint both ends voltage relation:wherein lambda is m Is smoke heat conductivity coefficient, l is the length of the heat-sensitive element I (22) or the heat-sensitive element II (28), r n Is the radius of the heat sensitive element I (22) or the heat sensitive element II (28), r c For measuring the radius of the cavity I (21) or the cavity II (27), R s The resistance value of the resistor I (35) or the resistor II (36) is alpha is the temperature change coefficient of the thermosensitive element I (22) or the thermosensitive element II (28), I is half of the display current value of the high-precision adjustable stabilized voltage supply (9), and R 0 Is the resistance value of the heat-sensitive element I (22) or the heat-sensitive element II (28) when no current exists, U is the voltage displayed by the high-precision stabilized power supply (9), U AD For the signal amplifier (3) to detect the voltage signal of the A, D junction, t c For measuring the temperature of the cavity I (21) or the cavity II (27);
s5, according to the relation q between the smoke concentration and the smoke heat conductivity coefficient m ＝Kλ m ObtainingWherein q m For smoke concentration, K is a constant coefficient.
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| CN108254299A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-06 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | One tobacco articles smokescope measuring device and method |
| CN109374671B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2023-05-16 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | High-temperature hydrogen concentration measuring element |
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