CN107402230B - Tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and method - Google Patents
Tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107402230B CN107402230B CN201710646191.2A CN201710646191A CN107402230B CN 107402230 B CN107402230 B CN 107402230B CN 201710646191 A CN201710646191 A CN 201710646191A CN 107402230 B CN107402230 B CN 107402230B
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZONODCCBXBRQEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Pt] ZONODCCBXBRQEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Re] DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置及方法，属于烟草制品检测领域。The invention relates to a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and method, belonging to the field of tobacco product detection.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着传统烟草制品的销量在一些发达国家市场出现停滞甚至下降，以及许多国家公共场所禁烟力度的不断加大，低温卷烟、无烟气烟草制品、电子烟等新型烟草制品正在快速兴起。在我国烟草市场上，传统卷烟和电子烟仍为主流，其他新型烟草制品虽然还比较少见。现阶段，烟草企业及研发机构注重烟雾质量的评定，需要大量的技术方法为传统卷烟和电子烟烟雾量的分析研究工作提供技术支持。In recent years, as the sales of traditional tobacco products have stagnated or even declined in some developed countries, and many countries have increasingly banned smoking in public places, new tobacco products such as low-temperature cigarettes, smokeless tobacco products, and e-cigarettes are rapidly emerging. . In my country's tobacco market, traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes are still the mainstream, although other new tobacco products are still relatively rare. At this stage, tobacco companies and R&D institutions focus on the assessment of smoke quality and require a large number of technical methods to provide technical support for the analysis and research of smoke volume in traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes.
烟草制品性能参数的检测设备尚不完善，特别是烟雾量浓度的检测，市面上还未有完善的检测设备能够定量化的检测。深圳市杰仕博科技有限公司申请的《电子烟多功能测试仪》(申请号：201520180146.9)，其测试仪通过光透射法进行烟雾浓度的检测，光透射法在一定程度上能够反应烟雾浓度，但无法完全测试到电子烟雾化产生气相物和液相物，并且没有做到烟雾浓度的定量化测试。The testing equipment for the performance parameters of tobacco products is not yet perfect, especially for the detection of smoke volume and concentration. There is no perfect testing equipment on the market that can perform quantitative testing. Shenzhen Jiesbo Technology Co., Ltd. applied for the "E-cigarette Multi-Function Tester" (application number: 201520180146.9). Its tester detects smoke concentration through light transmission method. The light transmission method can reflect the smoke concentration to a certain extent. However, it is impossible to completely test the gas phase and liquid phase substances produced by electronic cigarettes, and there is no quantitative test of smoke concentration.
建立烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置需要考虑烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置的构成及连接。When establishing a tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device, the composition and connections of the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device need to be considered.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置及方法，以用于通过合理的构成及连接用于建立烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置；同时通过烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置采用相关方法实现烟草制品烟雾浓度测量。The invention provides a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device and a method for establishing a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device through reasonable composition and connection; at the same time, the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device adopts relevant methods to achieve tobacco product smoke concentration. Measurement.
本发明的技术方案是：一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置，包括控制模块、检测模块、抽吸模块、电源模块；The technical solution of the present invention is: a tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, including a control module, a detection module, a suction module, and a power supply module;
所述检测模块与控制模块电性连接，检测模块与抽吸模块通过塑胶管连接，检测模块与电源模块电性连接，控制模块与电源模块电性连接，抽吸模块与电源模块电性连接；The detection module is electrically connected to the control module, the detection module is electrically connected to the suction module through a plastic tube, the detection module is electrically connected to the power module, the control module is electrically connected to the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected to the power module;
用于根据控制模块接收检测模块温度信号通过电源模块的通断控制检测模块供电升温、断电降温，用于根据控制模块接收检测模块温度信号通过电源模块的通断控制抽吸模块的抽吸时间；通过抽吸模块中产生的不同烟雾浓度导热率不同，引起检测模块中热敏元件电阻的变化，电阻的变化产生电压差经控制模块处理得到烟雾浓度值。Used to receive and detect the temperature signal of the module according to the control module through the on-off of the power module to control the heating and cooling of the power supply of the detection module. Used to receive and detect the temperature signal of the module according to the control module to control the suction time of the suction module through the on-off of the power module. ; The thermal conductivity of different smoke concentrations generated in the suction module is different, causing changes in the resistance of the thermal sensor in the detection module. The change in resistance produces a voltage difference that is processed by the control module to obtain the smoke concentration value.
所述控制模块包括PC机1、可编程控制器2、信号放大器3、高精度滑动变阻器4和保险丝10，所述检测模块包括检测装置5和电阻箱6，所述抽吸模块包括调速气泵7和抽烟夹具37，所述电源模块包括开关电源8和高精度可调稳压电源9；The control module includes a PC 1, a programmable controller 2, a signal amplifier 3, a high-precision sliding rheostat 4 and a fuse 10. The detection module includes a detection device 5 and a resistance box 6. The suction module includes a speed-regulating air pump. 7 and smoking fixture 37, the power module includes a switching power supply 8 and a high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9;
所述可编程控制器2电性连接开关电源8，调速气泵7与开关电源8电性连接，控制开关电源8的通断，从而达到控制调速气泵7的抽吸时间；检测装置5中金属加热棒20电性连接开关电源8，由开关电源8对金属加热棒20供电升温，断电降温；信号放大器3电性连接到可编程控制器2，可编程控制器2电性连接到PC机1上，高精度滑动变阻器4滑片电性连接保险丝10，保险丝10的另一端与高精度可调稳压电源9的正极连接，高精度可调稳压电源9的负极与检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅰ22连接，电阻箱6里通过固定电阻Ⅰ35和电阻Ⅱ36两个等值电阻，电阻Ⅰ35、电阻Ⅱ36、检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅰ22、检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅱ28、高精度滑动变阻器4形成桥型电路；检测装置5中出气管16通过塑胶管与调速气泵7连接，检测装置5中进气管15通过塑胶管与抽烟夹具37相连接，置于抽烟夹具37上的烟草制品产生的烟雾进入检测装置5中主气道17、检测装置5中测量腔体Ⅰ21和检测装置5中测量腔体Ⅱ27，检测装置5中热电偶温度传感器34电性连接可编程控制器2，热电偶温度传感器34用于将检测的主气道17温度信号反馈给可编程控制器2。The programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8, the speed-regulating air pump 7 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8, and controls the switching power supply 8 on and off, thereby controlling the suction time of the speed-regulating air pump 7; in the detection device 5 The metal heating rod 20 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8. The switching power supply 8 supplies power to the metal heating rod 20 to raise the temperature and cool it down when the power is turned off. The signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2, and the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the PC. On the machine 1, the sliding blade of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is electrically connected to the fuse 10, the other end of the fuse 10 is connected to the positive pole of the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9, and the negative pole of the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9 is connected to the detection device 5 Thermal sensor element I22 is connected, and the resistance box 6 passes through two equivalent resistors, fixed resistor I35 and resistor II36. Resistor I35, resistor II36, thermal sensor element I22 in detection device 5, thermal sensor II28 in detection device 5, and high-precision sliding The rheostat 4 forms a bridge circuit; the air outlet pipe 16 in the detection device 5 is connected to the speed-regulating air pump 7 through a plastic pipe, the air inlet pipe 15 in the detection device 5 is connected to the smoking fixture 37 through a plastic pipe, and the tobacco products placed on the smoking fixture 37 The generated smoke enters the main airway 17 in the detection device 5, the measurement chamber I 21 in the detection device 5, and the measurement chamber II 27 in the detection device 5. The thermocouple temperature sensor 34 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2, and the thermoelectric The even temperature sensor 34 is used to feed back the detected temperature signal of the main airway 17 to the programmable controller 2 .
所述检测装置5包括保温盒、金属体14、进气管15、出气管16、主气道17、金属弹片Ⅰ18、金属弹片Ⅱ19、金属加热棒20、测量腔体Ⅰ21、热敏元件Ⅰ22、陶瓷螺栓Ⅰ23、导线Ⅰ24、节流孔Ⅰ25、分气道Ⅰ26、测量腔体Ⅱ27、热敏元件Ⅱ28、陶瓷螺栓Ⅱ29、导线Ⅱ30、节流孔Ⅱ31、分气道Ⅱ32、铁销33和热电偶温度传感器34；The detection device 5 includes a thermal insulation box, a metal body 14, an air inlet pipe 15, an air outlet pipe 16, a main airway 17, a metal shrapnel I18, a metal shrapnel II19, a metal heating rod 20, a measuring cavity I21, a thermal sensor I22, and a ceramic Bolt I23, wire I24, orifice I25, air channel I26, measuring chamber II27, thermal element II28, ceramic bolt II29, wire II30, orifice II31, air channel II32, iron pin 33 and thermocouple temperature sensor 34;
所述金属体14内置于保温盒里，测量腔体Ⅰ21、测量腔体Ⅱ27、主气道17、分气道Ⅰ26和分气道Ⅱ32均在金属体14上加工所制，主气道17的进气孔和出气孔分别通过金属管连接到金属外壳11外端作为进气管15和出气管16，主气道17的进气孔和出气孔分别由锥形金属弹片Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19弹性贴封，主气道17下端金属体14里均匀的分布金属加热棒20，通过金属加热棒20在进行烟雾浓度测试前预热主气道17，测量腔体Ⅰ21通过陶瓷螺栓Ⅰ23进行封装热敏元件Ⅰ22并引出导线Ⅰ24，测量腔体Ⅱ27通过陶瓷螺栓Ⅱ29进行封装热敏元件Ⅱ28并引出导线Ⅱ30，测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27下端直接与主气道17相通，测量腔体Ⅰ21的上端通过分气道Ⅰ26与主气道17相通，测量腔体Ⅱ27的上端通过分气道Ⅱ32与主气道17相通，分气道Ⅰ26与测量腔体Ⅰ21衔接处设有节流孔Ⅰ25，分气道Ⅱ32与测量腔体Ⅱ27衔接处设有节流孔Ⅱ31，主气道17内壁嵌入热电偶温度传感器34；The metal body 14 is built in the thermal insulation box. The measuring chamber I21, the measuring chamber II27, the main airway 17, the sub-airway I26 and the sub-airway II32 are all processed on the metal body 14. The main airway 17 is The air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are respectively connected to the outer end of the metal shell 11 through metal pipes as the air inlet pipe 15 and the air outlet pipe 16. The air inlet hole and the air outlet hole of the main air channel 17 are elastically attached by tapered metal shrapnel I 18 and metal shrapnel II 19 respectively. Sealing, the metal heating rods 20 are evenly distributed in the metal body 14 at the lower end of the main air duct 17. The main air duct 17 is preheated through the metal heating rods 20 before performing the smoke concentration test. The measuring chamber I21 encapsulates the thermal element through the ceramic bolt I23. I22 and leads out the wire I24, the measuring cavity II27 encapsulates the thermal element II28 through the ceramic bolt II29 and leads out the wire II30, the lower ends of the measuring chamber I21 and the measuring chamber II27 are directly connected to the main airway 17, and the upper end of the measuring chamber I21 passes through The branch airway I26 communicates with the main airway 17. The upper end of the measuring chamber II27 communicates with the main airway 17 through the branched airway II32. The connection between the branched airway I26 and the measuring chamber I21 is provided with an orifice I25. The branched airway An orifice II31 is provided at the connection between II32 and the measurement cavity II27, and a thermocouple temperature sensor 34 is embedded in the inner wall of the main air passage 17;
所述热敏元件Ⅰ22引出的导线Ⅰ24与电阻Ⅰ35进行串联，串联节点为A；电阻Ⅰ35的另一端连接到高精度滑动变阻器4的最大阻值端，连接点为B；高精度滑动变阻器4另一个最大阻值端串联连接到热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30，串联节点为C；热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30的另一端串联接到电阻Ⅱ36，串联节点为D；电阻Ⅱ36的另一端与热敏元件Ⅰ22连接，节点为E；信号放大器3信号采集端分别电性连接到A节点和D节点。The wire I24 drawn from the thermal element I22 is connected in series with the resistor I35, and the series node is A; the other end of the resistor I35 is connected to the maximum resistance end of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4, and the connection point is B; the other end of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 A maximum resistance end is connected in series to the wire II30 led from the thermal element II28, and the series node is C; the other end of the wire II30 led from the thermal element II28 is connected in series to the resistor II36, and the series node is D; the other end of the resistor II36 is connected to The thermal sensor I22 is connected, and the node is E; the signal acquisition end of the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the A node and the D node respectively.
所述保温盒包括金属外壳11、硅棉板12、玻璃珠13；The insulation box includes a metal shell 11, a silicon wool board 12, and glass beads 13;
其中金属体14通过铁销33固定在金属外壳11内，金属外壳11内壁贴附硅棉板12进行保温，硅棉板12与金属体14之间填充满微型玻璃珠13。The metal body 14 is fixed in the metal shell 11 through iron pins 33. A silicon wool board 12 is attached to the inner wall of the metal shell 11 for thermal insulation. The space between the silicon wool board 12 and the metal body 14 is filled with micro glass beads 13.
所述测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27体积不大于100μL且呈圆柱状。The volume of the measurement cavity I21 and the measurement cavity II27 is no more than 100 μL and is cylindrical.
所述热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28为钨丝或铂丝或铼丝或铼钨丝或铂钨合金丝。The heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 are tungsten wires, platinum wires, rhenium wires, rhenium-tungsten wires, or platinum-tungsten alloy wires.
所述的金属弹片Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19为镁铝合金。The metal spring piece I18 and the metal spring piece II19 are magnesium aluminum alloy.
一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量方法，所述方法的具体步骤如下：A method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products. The specific steps of the method are as follows:
S1、安装烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置，将烟草制品置于抽烟夹具37上；打开高精度可调稳压电源9，热敏元件Ⅰ22、热敏元件Ⅱ28、电阻Ⅰ35、电阻Ⅱ36、高精度滑动变阻器4形成桥型电路，高精度可调稳压电源9给热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28提供电源进行持续加热，待稳定之后调节高精度滑动变阻器4的滑片，使得A、D接点两端电压UAD＝0V；其中，所述热敏元件Ⅰ22引出的导线Ⅰ24与电阻Ⅰ35进行串联，串联节点为A；热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30的另一端串联接到电阻Ⅱ36，串联节点为D；S1. Install the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, place the tobacco product on the smoking fixture 37; turn on the high-precision adjustable voltage stabilized power supply 9, the thermal sensor I22, the thermal sensor II28, the resistor I35, the resistor II36, and the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 forms a bridge circuit, and the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9 provides power to the thermal element I22 and the thermal element II28 for continuous heating. After stabilization, the sliding blade of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is adjusted so that the two ends of the A and D contacts Voltage U AD =0V; wherein, the wire I24 drawn from the thermal element I22 is connected in series with the resistor I35, and the series node is A; the other end of the wire II30 drawn from the thermal element II28 is connected in series with the resistor II36, and the series node is D ;
S2、可编程控制器2根据PC机1设定的主气道17的温度依据热电偶温度传感器34反馈的温度信号，控制开关电源8对金属加热棒20进行通断电，使得主气道17温度稳定在设定温度；S2. The programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to turn on and off the metal heating rod 20 according to the temperature of the main airway 17 set by the PC 1 and the temperature signal fed back by the thermocouple temperature sensor 34, so that the main airway 17 The temperature is stable at the set temperature;
S3、待热电偶温度传感器34检测到主气道17温度稳定，反馈给可编程控制器2，可编程控制器2根据PC机1设定的抽吸条件，控制开关电源8对调速气泵7进行控制抽吸；S3. When the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature of the main airway 17 is stable, it feeds back to the programmable controller 2. The programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to the speed-regulating air pump 7 according to the suction conditions set by the PC 1. perform controlled suction;
S4、调速气泵7控制抽烟夹具37上烟草制品进行抽吸时，因气压差，金属弹片Ⅰ18、金属弹片Ⅱ19打开，烟草制品产生的烟雾经进气管15进入主气道17，并流入测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27内；烟雾导热，使得热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28热量散失，热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28电阻减小，A、D接点两端电压失衡，烟雾导热系数与A、D接点两端电压关系：其中，λm为烟雾导热系数，l为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的长度，rn为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的半径，rc为测量腔体Ⅰ21或测量腔体Ⅱ27的半径，Rs为电阻Ⅰ35或电阻Ⅱ36的阻值，a为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28随温度变化系数，I为高精度可调稳压电源9显示电流值的一半，R0为无电流时热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的阻值，U为高精度稳压电源9显示的电压，UAD为信号放大器3检测到A、D接点的电压信号，tc为测量腔体Ⅰ21或测量腔体Ⅱ27的温度；S4. When the speed-regulating air pump 7 controls the smoking of tobacco products on the smoking clamp 37, due to the air pressure difference, the metal shrapnel I 18 and the metal shrapnel II 19 open, and the smoke generated by the tobacco product enters the main airway 17 through the air inlet pipe 15 and flows into the measurement chamber. Inside the body I21 and the measuring chamber II27; the smoke conducts heat, causing the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 to lose heat, the resistance of the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 decreases, the voltages at both ends of the A and D contacts are unbalanced, and the smoke thermal conductivity The relationship with the voltage across contacts A and D: Among them, λ m is the thermal conductivity of smoke, l is the length of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28, r n is the radius of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28, r c is the measuring cavity I21 or the measuring cavity II27 The radius of The resistance value of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28 when there is no current, U is the voltage displayed by the high-precision regulated power supply 9, U AD is the voltage signal detected by the signal amplifier 3 at the A and D contacts, t c is the measurement cavity Ⅰ21 or measuring the temperature of cavity Ⅱ27;
S5、再根据烟雾浓度与烟雾导热系数之间的关系qm＝Kλm，得到其中，qm为烟雾浓度，K为常系数。S5. According to the relationship between smoke concentration and smoke thermal conductivity q m =Kλ m , we get Among them, qm is the smoke concentration, and K is the constant coefficient.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过合理的构成及连接建立的烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置可以有效地用于烟草制品烟雾浓度测量；同时通过烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置采用相关方法可以实现烟草制品烟雾浓度测量，具体体现为：因不同烟雾浓度导热率不同，引起测量腔内热敏元件电阻的变化，产生电压差经放大器放大传送至可编程控制器处理转化成烟雾浓度值，从而实现烟草制品烟雾浓度测量。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device established by the present invention through reasonable composition and connection can be effectively used to measure the tobacco product smoke concentration; at the same time, the tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device can use relevant methods to achieve tobacco product smoke concentration measurement. Concentration measurement is specifically reflected in the following: due to the different thermal conductivity of different smoke concentrations, the resistance of the thermal element in the measurement cavity changes, resulting in a voltage difference that is amplified by the amplifier and transmitted to the programmable controller for processing and converted into a smoke concentration value, thereby realizing the smoke of tobacco products. Concentration measurement.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明结构框图；Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明中检测装置的剖视图；Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the detection device in the present invention;
图3为本发明电阻箱的剖视图；Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the resistance box of the present invention;
图中各标号：1-PC机，2-可编程控制器，3-信号放大器，4-高精度滑动变阻器，5-检测装置，6-电阻箱，7-调速气泵，8-开关电源，9-高精度可调稳压电源，10-保险丝，11-金属外壳，12-硅棉板，13-玻璃珠，14-金属体，15-进气管，16-出气管，17-主气道，18-金属弹片Ⅰ，19-金属弹片Ⅱ，20-金属加热棒，21-测量腔体Ⅰ，22-热敏元件Ⅰ，23-陶瓷螺栓Ⅰ，24-导线Ⅰ，25-节流孔Ⅰ，26-分气道Ⅰ，27-测量腔体Ⅱ，28-热敏元件Ⅱ，29-陶瓷螺栓Ⅱ，30-导线Ⅱ，31-节流孔Ⅱ，32-分气道Ⅱ，33-铁销，34-热电偶温度传感器，35-电阻Ⅰ，36-电阻Ⅱ，37-抽烟夹具。The numbers in the figure: 1-PC, 2-programmable controller, 3-signal amplifier, 4-high-precision sliding rheostat, 5-detection device, 6-resistance box, 7-speed regulating air pump, 8-switching power supply, 9-High-precision adjustable regulated power supply, 10-fuse, 11-metal shell, 12-silicon wool board, 13-glass beads, 14-metal body, 15-air inlet pipe, 16-air outlet pipe, 17-main airway , 18-Metal shrapnel I, 19-Metal shrapnel II, 20-Metal heating rod, 21-Measurement chamber I, 22-Thermal sensor I, 23-Ceramic bolt I, 24-Wire I, 25-Throttle hole I , 26-air channel Ⅰ, 27-measuring chamber Ⅱ, 28-heat sensor Ⅱ, 29-ceramic bolt Ⅱ, 30-wire Ⅱ, 31-orifice Ⅱ, 32-air channel Ⅱ, 33-iron Pin, 34-thermocouple temperature sensor, 35-resistance I, 36-resistance II, 37-smoking fixture.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的内容并不限于所述范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the described scope.
实施例1：如图1-3所示，一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置，包括控制模块、检测模块、抽吸模块、电源模块；Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-3, a tobacco product smoke concentration measurement device includes a control module, a detection module, a suction module, and a power module;
所述检测模块与控制模块电性连接，检测模块与抽吸模块通过塑胶管连接，检测模块与电源模块电性连接，控制模块与电源模块电性连接，抽吸模块与电源模块电性连接；The detection module is electrically connected to the control module, the detection module is electrically connected to the suction module through a plastic tube, the detection module is electrically connected to the power module, the control module is electrically connected to the power module, and the suction module is electrically connected to the power module;
用于根据控制模块接收检测模块温度信号通过电源模块的通断控制检测模块供电升温、断电降温，用于根据控制模块接收检测模块温度信号通过电源模块的通断控制抽吸模块的抽吸时间；通过抽吸模块中产生的不同烟雾浓度导热率不同，引起检测模块中热敏元件电阻的变化，电阻的变化产生电压差经控制模块处理得到烟雾浓度值。Used to receive and detect the temperature signal of the module according to the control module through the on-off of the power module to control the heating and cooling of the power supply of the detection module. Used to receive and detect the temperature signal of the module according to the control module to control the suction time of the suction module through the on-off of the power module. ; The thermal conductivity of different smoke concentrations generated in the suction module is different, causing changes in the resistance of the thermal sensor in the detection module. The change in resistance produces a voltage difference that is processed by the control module to obtain the smoke concentration value.
进一步地，可以设置所述控制模块包括PC机1、可编程控制器2、信号放大器3、高精度滑动变阻器4和保险丝10，所述检测模块包括检测装置5和电阻箱6，所述抽吸模块包括调速气泵7和抽烟夹具37，所述电源模块包括开关电源8和高精度可调稳压电源9；Further, the control module can be configured to include a PC 1, a programmable controller 2, a signal amplifier 3, a high-precision sliding rheostat 4 and a fuse 10, the detection module includes a detection device 5 and a resistance box 6, and the suction The module includes a speed-regulating air pump 7 and a smoking fixture 37, and the power module includes a switching power supply 8 and a high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9;
所述可编程控制器2电性连接开关电源8，调速气泵7与开关电源8电性连接，控制开关电源8的通断，从而达到控制调速气泵7的抽吸时间；检测装置5中金属加热棒20电性连接开关电源8，由开关电源8对金属加热棒20供电升温，断电降温；信号放大器3电性连接到可编程控制器2，可编程控制器2电性连接到PC机1上，高精度滑动变阻器4滑片电性连接保险丝10，保险丝10的另一端与高精度可调稳压电源9的正极连接，高精度可调稳压电源9的负极与检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅰ22连接，电阻箱6里通过发卡固定电阻Ⅰ35和电阻Ⅱ36两个等值电阻，电阻Ⅰ35、电阻Ⅱ36、检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅰ22、检测装置5中热敏元件Ⅱ28、高精度滑动变阻器4形成桥型电路；检测装置5中出气管16通过塑胶管与调速气泵7连接，检测装置5中进气管15通过塑胶管与抽烟夹具37相连接，置于抽烟夹具37上的烟草制品产生的烟雾进入检测装置5中主气道17、检测装置5中测量腔体Ⅰ21和检测装置5中测量腔体Ⅱ27，检测装置5中热电偶温度传感器34电性连接可编程控制器2，热电偶温度传感器34用于将检测的主气道17温度信号反馈给可编程控制器2。保险丝8防止电路电流过大，起烧断保护作用。The programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8, the speed-regulating air pump 7 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8, and controls the switching power supply 8 on and off, thereby controlling the suction time of the speed-regulating air pump 7; in the detection device 5 The metal heating rod 20 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 8. The switching power supply 8 supplies power to the metal heating rod 20 to raise the temperature and cool it down when the power is turned off. The signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2, and the programmable controller 2 is electrically connected to the PC. On the machine 1, the sliding blade of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is electrically connected to the fuse 10, the other end of the fuse 10 is connected to the positive pole of the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9, and the negative pole of the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9 is connected to the detection device 5 Thermal sensitive element I22 is connected, and two equal-value resistors, resistor I35 and resistor II36, are fixed in the resistance box 6 through hairpins. Resistor I35, resistor II36, thermal sensitive element I22 in detection device 5, thermal sensitive element II28 in detection device 5, high precision The sliding rheostat 4 forms a bridge circuit; the air outlet pipe 16 in the detection device 5 is connected to the speed-regulating air pump 7 through a plastic pipe, the air inlet pipe 15 in the detection device 5 is connected to the smoking fixture 37 through a plastic pipe, and the tobacco placed on the smoking fixture 37 The smoke generated by the product enters the main airway 17 in the detection device 5, the measurement chamber I21 in the detection device 5, and the measurement chamber II27 in the detection device 5. The thermocouple temperature sensor 34 in the detection device 5 is electrically connected to the programmable controller 2. The thermocouple temperature sensor 34 is used to feed back the detected temperature signal of the main airway 17 to the programmable controller 2 . Fuse 8 prevents the circuit current from being too large and plays the role of burnout protection.
进一步地，可以设置所述检测装置5包括保温盒、金属体14、进气管15、出气管16、主气道17、金属弹片Ⅰ18、金属弹片Ⅱ19、金属加热棒20、测量腔体Ⅰ21、热敏元件Ⅰ22、陶瓷螺栓Ⅰ23、导线Ⅰ24、节流孔Ⅰ25、分气道Ⅰ26、测量腔体Ⅱ27、热敏元件Ⅱ28、陶瓷螺栓Ⅱ29、导线Ⅱ30、节流孔Ⅱ31、分气道Ⅱ32、铁销33和热电偶温度传感器34；Further, the detection device 5 can be provided to include a thermal insulation box, a metal body 14, an air inlet pipe 15, an air outlet pipe 16, a main airway 17, a metal elastic piece I18, a metal elastic piece II19, a metal heating rod 20, a measuring chamber I21, a thermal Sensing element Ⅰ22, ceramic bolt Ⅰ23, wire Ⅰ24, orifice Ⅰ25, air duct I26, measuring chamber Ⅱ27, thermal element Ⅱ28, ceramic bolt Ⅱ29, wire Ⅱ30, orifice Ⅱ31, air duct II32, iron pin 33 and thermocouple temperature sensor 34;
所述金属体14内置于保温盒里，测量腔体Ⅰ21、测量腔体Ⅱ27、主气道17、分气道Ⅰ26和分气道Ⅱ32均在金属体14上加工所制，主气道17的进气孔和出气孔分别通过金属管焊接连接到金属外壳11外端作为进气管15和出气管16，主气道17的进气孔和出气孔分别由锥形金属弹片Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19弹性贴封(弹片一边连接，另一边自由)，主气道17下端金属体14里均匀的分布金属加热棒20，通过金属加热棒20在进行烟雾浓度测试前预热主气道17，测量腔体Ⅰ21通过陶瓷螺栓Ⅰ23进行封装热敏元件Ⅰ22并引出导线Ⅰ24，测量腔体Ⅱ27通过陶瓷螺栓Ⅱ29进行封装热敏元件Ⅱ28并引出导线Ⅱ30，测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27下端直接与主气道17相通，测量腔体Ⅰ21的上端通过分气道Ⅰ26与主气道17相通，测量腔体Ⅱ27的上端通过分气道Ⅱ32与主气道17相通，分气道Ⅰ26与测量腔体Ⅰ21衔接处设有节流孔Ⅰ25，分气道Ⅱ32与测量腔体Ⅱ27衔接处设有节流孔Ⅱ31，主气道17内壁嵌入热电偶温度传感器34；(节流孔Ⅰ25和节流孔Ⅱ31分别防止因气流波动对热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28热量产生影响；当抽吸装置进行抽吸时，金属弹Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19因气压差而打开，停止抽吸时，金属弹Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19因弹性特性将进气孔和出气孔密封，防止气体向外部扩散浓度变化)；The metal body 14 is built in the thermal insulation box. The measuring chamber I21, the measuring chamber II27, the main airway 17, the sub-airway I26 and the sub-airway II32 are all processed on the metal body 14. The main airway 17 is The air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are respectively connected to the outer end of the metal shell 11 through metal pipe welding as the air inlet pipe 15 and the air outlet pipe 16. The air inlet hole and the air outlet hole of the main air channel 17 are elastically formed by tapered metal shrapnel I 18 and metal shrapnel II 19 respectively. After sealing (the shrapnel is connected on one side and free on the other side), the metal heating rods 20 are evenly distributed in the metal body 14 at the lower end of the main airway 17. The metal heating rods 20 are used to preheat the main airway 17 before performing the smoke concentration test and measure the chamber. I21 uses ceramic bolts I23 to encapsulate the thermal element I22 and leads out the wire I24. The measuring cavity II27 uses ceramic bolts II29 to encapsulate the thermal element II28 and leads out the wire II30. The lower ends of the measuring chamber I21 and the measuring chamber II27 are directly connected to the main airway. 17 are connected, the upper end of the measuring chamber I21 is connected with the main airway 17 through the branch airway I26, the upper end of the measuring chamber II27 is connected with the main airway 17 through the branched airway II32, and the connection between the branched airway I26 and the measuring chamber I21 There is an orifice I25, and an orifice II31 is provided at the connection between the branch air channel II32 and the measurement cavity II27. The inner wall of the main air channel 17 is embedded with a thermocouple temperature sensor 34; (the orifice I25 and the orifice II31 respectively prevent The air flow fluctuation affects the heat of the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28; when the suction device is suctioning, the metal bullet I18 and the metal shrapnel II19 are opened due to the air pressure difference. When the suction is stopped, the metal bullet I18 and the metal shrapnel II19 Due to elastic properties, the air inlet and outlet are sealed to prevent gas from diffusing to the outside and concentration changes);
所述热敏元件Ⅰ22引出的导线Ⅰ24与电阻Ⅰ35进行串联，串联节点为A；电阻Ⅰ35的另一端连接到高精度滑动变阻器4的最大阻值端，连接点为B；高精度滑动变阻器4另一个最大阻值端串联连接到热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30，串联节点为C；热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30的另一端串联接到电阻Ⅱ36，串联节点为D；电阻Ⅱ36的另一端与热敏元件Ⅰ22连接，节点为E；信号放大器3信号采集端分别电性连接到A节点和D节点。The wire I24 drawn from the thermal element I22 is connected in series with the resistor I35, and the series node is A; the other end of the resistor I35 is connected to the maximum resistance end of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4, and the connection point is B; the other end of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 A maximum resistance end is connected in series to the wire II30 led from the thermal element II28, and the series node is C; the other end of the wire II30 led from the thermal element II28 is connected in series to the resistor II36, and the series node is D; the other end of the resistor II36 is connected to The thermal sensor I22 is connected, and the node is E; the signal acquisition end of the signal amplifier 3 is electrically connected to the A node and the D node respectively.
进一步地，可以设置所述保温盒包括金属外壳11、硅棉板12、玻璃珠13；Further, the thermal insulation box can be provided to include a metal shell 11, a silicon wool board 12, and glass beads 13;
其中金属体14通过铁销33固定在金属外壳11内，金属外壳11内壁贴附硅棉板12进行保温，硅棉板12与金属体14之间填充满微型玻璃珠13。(硅棉板12、微型玻璃珠13在设备进行工作时，对金属体14起保温作用，避免外界环境对金属体14产生温度的影响)。The metal body 14 is fixed in the metal shell 11 through iron pins 33. A silicon wool board 12 is attached to the inner wall of the metal shell 11 for thermal insulation. The space between the silicon wool board 12 and the metal body 14 is filled with micro glass beads 13. (When the equipment is working, the silicon wool board 12 and the micro glass beads 13 insulate the metal body 14 to avoid the influence of the external environment on the temperature of the metal body 14).
进一步地，可以设置所述测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27体积不大于100μL且呈圆柱状。Further, the measurement chamber I21 and the measurement chamber II27 can be set to have a volume not greater than 100 μL and to be cylindrical.
进一步地，可以设置所述热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28为钨丝或铂丝或铼丝或铼钨丝或铂钨合金丝。Further, the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 can be configured as tungsten wire, platinum wire, rhenium wire, rhenium-tungsten wire, or platinum-tungsten alloy wire.
进一步地，可以设置所述的金属弹片Ⅰ18和金属弹片Ⅱ19为镁铝合金。Further, the metal spring piece I18 and the metal spring piece II19 can be made of magnesium aluminum alloy.
一种烟草制品烟雾浓度测量方法，所述方法的具体步骤如下：A method for measuring smoke concentration of tobacco products. The specific steps of the method are as follows:
S1、安装烟草制品烟雾浓度测量装置，将烟草制品置于抽烟夹具37上；打开高精度可调稳压电源9，热敏元件Ⅰ22、热敏元件Ⅱ28、电阻Ⅰ35、电阻Ⅱ36、高精度滑动变阻器4形成桥型电路，高精度可调稳压电源9给热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28提供电源进行持续加热，待稳定之后调节高精度滑动变阻器4的滑片，使得A、D接点两端电压UAD＝0V，信号放大器3输出为零；其中，所述热敏元件Ⅰ22引出的导线Ⅰ24与电阻Ⅰ35进行串联，串联节点为A；热敏元件Ⅱ28引出的导线Ⅱ30的另一端串联接到电阻Ⅱ36，串联节点为D；S1. Install the tobacco product smoke concentration measuring device, place the tobacco product on the smoking fixture 37; turn on the high-precision adjustable voltage stabilized power supply 9, the thermal sensor I22, the thermal sensor II28, the resistor I35, the resistor II36, and the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 forms a bridge circuit, and the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply 9 provides power to the thermal element I22 and the thermal element II28 for continuous heating. After stabilization, the sliding blade of the high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is adjusted so that the two ends of the A and D contacts The voltage U AD =0V, the output of the signal amplifier 3 is zero; wherein, the wire I24 drawn from the thermal element I22 is connected in series with the resistor I35, and the series node is A; the other end of the wire II30 drawn from the thermal element II28 is connected in series to Resistor II36, the series node is D;
S2、可编程控制器2根据PC机1设定的主气道17的温度依据热电偶温度传感器34反馈的温度信号，控制开关电源8对金属加热棒20进行通断电，使得主气道17温度稳定在设定温度；(主气道17设定恒定的温度作用是保证不同功率的电子烟等产生的烟雾在进入测量腔体Ⅰ21，测量腔体Ⅱ27前，温度保证一致)；S2. The programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to turn on and off the metal heating rod 20 according to the temperature of the main airway 17 set by the PC 1 and the temperature signal fed back by the thermocouple temperature sensor 34, so that the main airway 17 The temperature is stable at the set temperature; (the function of setting a constant temperature in the main air duct 17 is to ensure that the temperature of the smoke generated by electronic cigarettes with different powers is consistent before entering the measurement chamber I21 and the measurement chamber II27);
S3、待热电偶温度传感器34检测到主气道17温度稳定，反馈给可编程控制器2，可编程控制器2根据PC机1设定的抽吸条件，控制开关电源8对调速气泵7进行控制抽吸；S3. When the thermocouple temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature of the main airway 17 is stable, it feeds back to the programmable controller 2. The programmable controller 2 controls the switching power supply 8 to the speed-regulating air pump 7 according to the suction conditions set by the PC 1. perform controlled suction;
S4、调速气泵7控制抽烟夹具37上烟草制品进行抽吸时，因气压差，金属弹片Ⅰ18、金属弹片Ⅱ19打开，烟草制品产生的烟雾经进气管15进入主气道17，并流入测量腔体Ⅰ21和测量腔体Ⅱ27内；烟雾导热，使得热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28热量散失，热敏元件Ⅰ22和热敏元件Ⅱ28电阻减小，A、D接点两端电压失衡，烟雾导热系数与A、D接点两端电压关系：其中，λm为烟雾导热系数，l为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的长度，rn为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的半径，rc为测量腔体Ⅰ21或测量腔体Ⅱ27的半径，Rs为电阻Ⅰ35或电阻Ⅱ36的阻值，a为热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28随温度变化系数，I为高精度可调稳压电源9显示电流值的一半，R0为无电流时热敏元件Ⅰ22或热敏元件Ⅱ28的阻值，U为高精度稳压电源9显示的电压，UAD为信号放大器3检测到A、D接点的电压信号，tc为测量腔体Ⅰ21或测量腔体Ⅱ27的温度；S4. When the speed-regulating air pump 7 controls the smoking of tobacco products on the smoking clamp 37, due to the air pressure difference, the metal shrapnel I 18 and the metal shrapnel II 19 open, and the smoke generated by the tobacco product enters the main airway 17 through the air inlet pipe 15 and flows into the measurement chamber. Inside the body I21 and the measuring chamber II27; the smoke conducts heat, causing the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 to lose heat, the resistance of the heat-sensitive element I22 and the heat-sensitive element II28 decreases, the voltages at both ends of the A and D contacts are unbalanced, and the smoke thermal conductivity The relationship with the voltage across contacts A and D: Among them, λ m is the thermal conductivity of smoke, l is the length of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28, r n is the radius of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28, r c is the measuring cavity I21 or the measuring cavity II27 The radius of The resistance value of the thermal element I22 or the thermal element II28 when there is no current, U is the voltage displayed by the high-precision regulated power supply 9, U AD is the voltage signal detected by the signal amplifier 3 at the A and D contacts, t c is the measurement cavity Ⅰ21 or measuring the temperature of cavity Ⅱ27;
S5、再根据烟雾浓度与烟雾导热系数之间的关系qm＝Kλm，得到其中，qm为烟雾浓度，K为常系数。S5. According to the relationship between smoke concentration and smoke thermal conductivity q m =Kλ m , we get Among them, qm is the smoke concentration, and K is the constant coefficient.
本发明的工作原理是：The working principle of the present invention is:
1、热敏元件Ⅰ22、热敏元件Ⅱ28、电阻Ⅰ35、电阻Ⅱ36、高精度滑动变阻器4构成的电桥稳定时UAD＝0V；1. When the bridge composed of thermal element I22, thermal element II28, resistor I35, resistor II36 and high-precision sliding rheostat 4 is stable, U AD = 0V;
2、通入烟雾后，因烟雾浓度热敏元件散热传导致测量腔体，A、D接点电压改变：2. After the smoke is introduced, the voltage of the A and D contacts in the measurement cavity changes due to the heat dissipation of the smoke concentration thermal element:
其中ΔRm为热敏元件改变的阻值；Rs为电阻阻值；U为高精度可调稳压电源电压；Among them, ΔR m is the resistance value changed by the thermal element; R s is the resistance value of the resistor; U is the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply voltage;
3、(1)单位时间内从热敏元件传给热导池中被测气体的热量3. (1) The heat transferred from the thermal element to the measured gas in the thermal conductivity cell per unit time
其中，λm为烟雾的导热系数；l为热敏元件的有效长度；rn为热敏元件的半径；R0为热敏元件0℃时的阻值；rc为测量腔体半径；tn为热敏元件在电流作用下达到的平衡温度；tc为测量腔体温度。Among them, λ m is the thermal conductivity of smoke; l is the effective length of the thermal element; r n is the radius of the thermal element; R 0 is the resistance of the thermal element at 0°C; r c is the radius of the measurement cavity; t n is the equilibrium temperature reached by the thermal element under the action of current; t c is the temperature of the measuring cavity.
(2)热敏元件发热量：(2) Heat value of thermal element:
Q2＝0.24I2Rn (3)Q 2 =0.24I 2 R n (3)
其中，Rn为热敏元件通电后阻值，I为流过热敏元的电流(高精度可调稳压电源显示电流的一半)Among them, Rn is the resistance value of the thermal element after it is energized, and I is the current flowing through the thermal element (half of the current displayed by the high-precision adjustable regulated power supply)
(3)热平衡时，有Q1＝Q2即：(3) In thermal equilibrium, Q 1 = Q 2 , that is:
又因Rn＝R0(1+αtn)，即代入上(4)式得And because R n =R 0 (1+αt n ), that is Substituting into the above formula (4), we get
其中，α为热敏元件阻值随温度变化系数。Among them, α is the coefficient of change of the resistance of the thermal element with temperature.
令 make
并忽略高阶无穷小量，则：And ignoring higher-order infinitesimal quantities, then:
又因 And because
将(6)、(8)代入(1)整理得：Substitute (6) and (8) into (1) to get:
再根据烟雾浓度与导热系数之间的关系qm＝Kλm得：Then according to the relationship between smoke concentration and thermal conductivity q m =Kλ m , we get:
其中，qm为烟雾浓度，K为常系数。Among them, qm is the smoke concentration, and K is the constant coefficient.
上面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, other modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Various changes.
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