CN113309814A - Sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping device and method - Google Patents
Sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping device and method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
- F16F15/073—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only leaf springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/002—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion characterised by the control method or circuitry
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/005—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion using electro- or magnetostrictive actuation means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
- H02N2/001—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators
- H02N2/0015—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators using only bending modes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection, which comprises a piezoelectric double-thread motor, a plate type piezoelectric spring, a connecting piece and a movable mass block, wherein the piezoelectric double-thread motor is connected with the plate type piezoelectric spring through a connecting piece; the both ends of plate-type piezoelectric spring set up respectively the both ends of piezoelectricity double thread motor, it sets up to move the quality piece on the plate-type piezoelectric spring, the one end fixed connection of connecting piece is in on the piezoelectricity double thread motor, the connecting piece is kept away from the one end swing joint of piezoelectricity double thread motor is in move on the quality piece. The piezoelectric double-thread motor integrates frequency conversion vibration reduction and energy collection, has a simple and compact structure, has the characteristics of quick response, accurate positioning, power failure self-locking, no electromagnetic interference and the like, partially collects vibration energy by the plate-type piezoelectric spring, saves energy, improves the system stability, and can output larger torque and expand the frequency conversion regulation range of the device compared with a patch-type piezoelectric drive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration control, in particular to a sandwich type vibration damping device and method for piezoelectric driving and energy collection.
Background
Mechanical vibration can cause various hazards, the hazards are often the direct cause of failure and damage of mechanical structures, and in actual engineering, how to absorb and inhibit the vibration of the structures is a problem which is closely concerned in the fields of mechanical engineering, aerospace and the like.
With the development of aerospace equipment, the internal vibration of the satellite needs to be controlled more effectively, and the damage of the vibration to the satellite is reduced to the maximum extent so as to meet the development requirements of the satellite for high precision and high resolution in the future. The vibration of the flywheel is an important factor for inducing the micro-vibration of the satellite platform and influencing the sensitive load performance of the satellite, and the traditional flywheel vibration reduction technology comprises damping vibration reduction, structural rigidity, vibration isolation and the like.
The dynamic vibration absorber is a common vibration-damping device, wherein the effective range of the traditional passive dynamic vibration absorber needs to be predetermined, the operating parameters of the traditional passive dynamic vibration absorber cannot be changed once being designed, the natural frequency is not adjustable, and the effective vibration-damping frequency band is narrow, and the patent with the application number of CN 109951044A discloses an electromagnetic energy collector based on the dynamic vibration absorber, which comprises a vibration absorber part and an energy collecting circuit part, wherein the vibration absorber part comprises a magnet, a non-magnetic spring, a non-magnetic sleeve, a coil and a base, wherein the base is connected with the sleeve, the coil is wound on the sleeve, and the magnet is connected with a vibration structure through the spring. The energy collecting circuit part is an SS-SSHI energy collecting circuit for collecting energy, and realizes energy supply to different devices by changing load resistance in the circuit; the vibration object is fixedly connected with the spring, the generated mechanical energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the magnet, the spring drives the magnet to do reciprocating motion in the coil, the coil cuts magnetic lines of force to generate current through magnetoelectric conversion, the current supplies energy to load equipment through the energy collecting circuit, the vibration energy of the vibration absorption structure of the vibration absorber is realized, and then the vibration energy is converted into the effect of using electric energy. The vibration structure is damped by the dynamic vibration absorber, and meanwhile, the vibration energy absorbed by the vibration absorber is converted and collected into usable electric energy. The invention utilizes the cutting magnetic induction line to generate electric energy and carry out vibration reduction, the optimal frequency parameter can not be adjusted once being set, and the electromagnetic power generation is not suitable for being used in the space electromagnetic radiation environment, and the application range is limited.
The patent with the application number of CN201910214744.6 discloses a piezoelectric type variable-stiffness variable-damping dynamic vibration absorber, which comprises an upper bearing platform and a lower bearing platform, wherein a mass inertia block and a plurality of vibration absorption units are arranged between the upper bearing platform and the lower bearing platform, and the lower bearing platform is fixedly connected with equipment to be damped; each vibration absorbing unit includes: the piezoelectric device comprises two first piezoelectric elements arranged on an upper bearing platform and a lower bearing platform respectively, a friction rod with two ends connected with the two first piezoelectric elements respectively and the middle part penetrating through a mass inertia block, a plurality of vertical elastic pieces with two ends connected with the mass inertia block and the first piezoelectric elements respectively, and a second piezoelectric element arranged on the connection surface of the friction rod and the mass inertia block. The invention has the advantages that: the rigidity and the damping coefficient of the vibration absorber can be designed according to the vibration characteristics of equipment, the rigidity and the damping can be adjusted by controlling the voltage, the vibration absorber can be effectively applied to buildings and mechanical equipment with variable vibration attributes, the semi-active control on the vibration can be realized, and a good vibration reduction effect can be obtained. The invention utilizes voltage to adjust the rigidity and the damping of the structure, but the structure only has the function of vibration absorption and does not realize energy collection and utilization, and secondly the structure utilizes the tiny deformation of the piezoelectric material to adjust the rigidity, so that the adjusting range is narrower, and a large amount of energy is consumed by adjusting the applied voltage.
The application of the traditional electromagnetic motor in a space environment faces the problems of electromagnetic interference, complex structure, low positioning precision and the like, and in addition, the vibration energy is completely transferred in an energy dissipation mode, so that the energy cannot be utilized in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sandwich type vibration damping device and method for piezoelectric driving and energy collection.
The invention provides a sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection, which comprises a piezoelectric double-thread motor, a plate type piezoelectric spring, a connecting piece and a dynamic mass block, wherein the piezoelectric double-thread motor is connected with the plate type piezoelectric spring through a connecting piece; the both ends of plate-type piezoelectric spring set up respectively the both ends of piezoelectricity double thread motor, it sets up to move the quality piece on the plate-type piezoelectric spring, the one end fixed connection of connecting piece is in on the piezoelectricity double thread motor, the connecting piece is kept away from the one end swing joint of piezoelectricity double thread motor is in move on the quality piece.
Preferably, the piezoelectric double-thread motor comprises a positive thread block, a negative thread block and a piezoelectric vibrator, wherein two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator are respectively arranged on the positive thread block and the negative thread block in a threaded manner.
Preferably, the piezoelectric vibrator comprises a positive screw, a negative screw and a screw piezoelectric plate group, the screw piezoelectric plate group is clamped between the positive screw and the negative screw, one end of the positive screw, which is far away from the screw piezoelectric plate group, is arranged on the positive thread block, and one end of the negative screw, which is far away from the screw piezoelectric plate group, is arranged on the negative thread block.
Preferably, the screw piezoelectric patch group comprises a first electrode patch, a first screw piezoelectric patch, a second electrode patch, a second screw piezoelectric patch, a third electrode patch, a third screw piezoelectric patch, a fourth electrode patch and a fourth screw piezoelectric patch which are sequentially arranged along the direction that the positive screw is close to the reverse screw.
Preferably, a first I-shaped structure for fixedly connecting the vibration source device is arranged on the positive threaded rod, and a second I-shaped structure for fixedly connecting the vibration source device is arranged on the reverse threaded rod.
Preferably, the first I-shaped structure is arranged at a node of the positive threaded rod, and the second I-shaped structure is arranged at a node of the reverse threaded rod.
Preferably, the positive screw, the negative screw and the screw piezoelectric plate set are provided with fixing bolts for fixing the positive screw, the negative screw and the screw piezoelectric plate set together in a penetrating manner.
Preferably, the plate-type piezoelectric spring comprises a first plate-type piezoelectric spring and a second plate-type piezoelectric spring, the first plate-type piezoelectric spring and one end, close to each other, of the second plate-type piezoelectric spring are arranged on the movable mass block, the first plate-type piezoelectric spring is far away from one end of the movable mass block is arranged on the positive thread block, and the second plate-type piezoelectric spring is far away from one end of the movable mass block is arranged on the negative thread block.
Preferably, the first plate-type piezoelectric spring comprises a first plate spring, the first plate-type piezoelectric spring comprises a second plate spring, and a plurality of screw piezoelectric sheets are arranged on the first plate spring and the second plate spring at intervals;
the one end connection setting of first leaf spring is in the one end of second leaf spring, just first leaf spring is kept away from the one end setting of second leaf spring is in on the regular thread piece, the one end setting that the second leaf spring is kept away from first leaf spring is in on the anti-thread piece.
The invention also provides a sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping method of the sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping device, which comprises the following steps:
a Usin (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying Usin (ω t) electric signals to a second electrode plate in the piezoelectric vibrator, wherein U is a voltage value, ω is an angular frequency, and t is time, and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw and a negative screw in the piezoelectric vibrator to enable the positive screw and the negative screw in the piezoelectric vibrator to generate vertical bending motion;
a Ucos (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying an Ucos (ω t) electric signal to a fourth electrode plate in the piezoelectric vibrator, and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw and a negative screw in the piezoelectric vibrator to enable the positive screw and the negative screw in the piezoelectric vibrator to generate front and back bending motion, wherein the first electrode plate, the third electrode plate, the positive screw and the negative screw in the piezoelectric vibrator are grounded;
a combined application step: and simultaneously applying a Usin (ω t) electric signal and a Ucos (ω t) electric signal, coupling the up-down bending motion and the front-back bending motion into a rotary bending motion on the space, namely a head shaking motion, and changing the distance between the positive thread block and the negative thread block through precise driving to realize precise adjustment of the rigidity of the plate-type piezoelectric spring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the piezoelectric double-thread motor integrates frequency conversion vibration reduction and energy collection, has a simple and compact structure, and has the characteristics of quick response, accurate positioning, power failure self-locking, no electromagnetic interference and the like;
2. the plate-type piezoelectric spring is used for partially collecting vibration energy, so that energy is saved, and the system stability is improved;
3. compared with a patch type piezoelectric drive, the sandwich type piezoelectric drive can output larger torque and expand the frequency conversion adjusting range of the device;
4. the piezoelectric thread motor has the advantages that the quick response and the precise actuation of the piezoelectric thread motor can realize the span between the two thread blocks, so that the piezoelectric thread motor achieves the optimal vibration reduction effect;
5. the invention has changeable operation parameters, adjustable natural frequency, wider frequency band for effective vibration reduction and can utilize the energy generated in the vibration.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the overall assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a quarter sectional view of a piezoelectric dual-thread motor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a piezoelectric vibrator and the working principle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the screw piezoelectric plate set in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a quarter sectional view of the positive and negative thread blocks of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a plate piezoelectric spring according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a connector according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the dynamic mass block of the present invention.
The figures show that:
piezoelectric double-thread motor 1
First plate-type piezoelectric spring 2
Second plate piezoelectric spring 3
Connecting piece 4
Reverse thread block 7
Screw piezoelectric sheet group 9
Fixing bolt 12
First I-shaped structure 15
Second I-shaped structure 16
Screw piezoelectric sheet 17
Electrode plate 18
First cylindrical structure 19
Second cylindrical structure 20
Plate spring piezoelectric sheet 23
Third cylindrical structure 24
Fourth cylindrical structure 25
T-shaped plate structure 27
T-shaped groove structure 28
First screw piezoelectric sheet 30
Second screw piezoelectric sheet 32
Third screw piezoelectric patch 34
Fourth screw piezoelectric patch 36
Plate-type piezoelectric spring 37
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the damping device and method for sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collection comprises a piezoelectric double-thread motor 1, a plate type piezoelectric spring 37, a connecting piece 4 and a movable mass block 5. The piezoelectric double-thread motor 1 comprises a positive thread block 6, a negative thread block 14, a piezoelectric vibrator 8, two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator 8 are respectively arranged on the positive thread block 6 and the negative thread block 7, and two ends of a plate type piezoelectric spring 37 are respectively hinged to the positive thread block 6 and the negative thread block 7. The dynamic mass block 5 is arranged on the plate-type piezoelectric spring 37, the dynamic mass block 5 is connected with the connecting piece 4 in a sliding mode, and one end, far away from the dynamic mass block 5, of the connecting piece 4 is arranged on the piezoelectric vibrator 8. Thus, the rigidity of the plate-type piezoelectric spring 37 is changed by adjusting the span between the positive thread block 6 and the negative thread block 7 through motor driving, so that the optimal vibration damping effect is obtained.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the piezoelectric vibrator 8 includes a positive screw 10, a negative screw 11 and a screw piezoelectric plate group 9, the screw piezoelectric plate group 9 is sandwiched between the positive screw 10 and the negative screw 11, and one end of the positive screw 10 away from the screw piezoelectric plate group 9 is disposed on the positive thread block 6, one end of the negative screw 11 away from the screw piezoelectric plate group 9 is disposed on the negative thread block 7, the positive screw 10 is provided with a first i-shaped structure 15 for fixedly connecting with a vibration source device, and the negative screw 11 is provided with a second i-shaped structure 16 for fixedly connecting with the vibration source device.
The positive thread block 6 is matched with the positive screw rod 10, a clockwise threaded hole is formed in the middle of the positive thread block 6, a positive thread 13 is arranged at one end of the positive screw rod 10, a stepped through hole is formed in the other end face of the positive screw rod, and the first I-shaped structure 15 is arranged at the node of the positive screw rod 10. The reverse thread block 7 is matched with the reverse screw rod 11, a counterclockwise threaded hole is formed in the middle of the reverse thread block 7, a reverse thread 14 is formed in one end of the reverse screw rod 11, a stepped through hole is formed in the other end face of the reverse screw rod, a common thread is arranged inside the through hole close to the central portion, and the second I-shaped structure 16 is arranged at the node of the reverse screw rod 11.
As shown in fig. 4, the screw piezoelectric patch 9 includes an electrode sheet 18 and a screw piezoelectric patch 17, the electrode sheet 18 includes a first electrode sheet 29, a second electrode sheet 31, a third electrode sheet 33 and a fourth electrode sheet 35, the screw piezoelectric patch 17 includes a first screw piezoelectric patch 30, a second screw piezoelectric patch 32, a third screw piezoelectric patch 34 and a fourth screw piezoelectric patch 36, the first electrode sheet 29, the first screw piezoelectric patch 30, the second electrode sheet 31, the second screw piezoelectric patch 32, the third electrode sheet 33, the third screw piezoelectric patch 34, the fourth electrode sheet 35 and the fourth screw piezoelectric patch 36 are sequentially arranged from left to right, and the screw piezoelectric patch 17 is connected to the electrode sheet 18 through epoxy resin adhesive. The screw piezoelectric sheet 17 is a two-partition circular ring thin plate structure, the middle is a partition line, the first screw piezoelectric sheet 30 and the second screw piezoelectric sheet 32 are arranged into one group, partitions with opposite polarization directions are arranged on the same side, the third screw piezoelectric sheet 34 and the fourth screw piezoelectric sheet 36 are arranged into another group, and partitions with opposite polarization directions are arranged on the same side.
The screw piezoelectric pieces 17 are uniformly distributed along the circumference and are arranged into a two-partition circular thin plate structure, the polarization direction is the thickness direction, the polarization directions of the two partitions are opposite, the first screw piezoelectric piece 30 and the second screw piezoelectric piece 32 are arranged into a group, the third screw piezoelectric piece 34 and the fourth screw piezoelectric piece 36 are arranged into a group, and the electrode piece 18 is arranged into a circular structure. The angle between the two groups of partition lines is 90 degrees, an electrode plate 18 is arranged between the screw piezoelectric plates 17, the second electrode plate 31 is connected with a Usin (t) signal, the fourth electrode plate 35 is connected with a Ucos (t) signal, and the first electrode plate 29, the third electrode plate 33, the positive screw 10 and the negative screw 11 are grounded.
As shown in fig. 5, the positive thread block 6 and the negative thread block 7 are identical except that the thread direction is opposite, a first cylindrical structure 19 is convexly arranged on the side surface of the positive thread block 6, a through hole is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical structure, a second cylindrical structure 20 is convexly arranged on the side surface of the negative thread block 7, and the second cylindrical structure 20 is provided with a through hole which is used for installing a positioning pin and limiting the movement of the joint.
As shown in fig. 6, the plate-type piezoelectric spring 37 includes a first plate-type piezoelectric spring 2 and a second plate-type piezoelectric spring 3, one end of the first plate-type piezoelectric spring 2 is connected to one end of the second plate-type piezoelectric spring 3, one end of the first plate-type piezoelectric spring 2 away from the second plate-type piezoelectric spring 3 is arranged on the positive thread block 6, and one end of the second plate-type piezoelectric spring 3 away from the first plate-type piezoelectric spring 2 is arranged on the negative thread block 7.
The left side is first plate type piezoelectric spring 2, including first leaf spring 21 and three leaf spring piezoelectric patches 23, and three leaf spring piezoelectric patches 23 pass through epoxy glue and paste on first leaf spring 21 at even interval, and first leaf spring 21 is convex plate-type structure, and leaf spring piezoelectric patches 23 sets up to the rectangle. The right side is provided with a first plate type piezoelectric spring 2 which comprises a second plate spring 22 and three plate spring piezoelectric pieces 23, the three plate spring piezoelectric pieces 23 are uniformly adhered to the second plate spring 22 at intervals through epoxy resin glue, the second plate spring 22 is of an arc-shaped plate type structure,
the structural upper end of the first plate spring 21, the structural lower end of the first plate spring 21 and the structural upper end of the second plate spring 22 are all provided with T-shaped plate structures 27 and provided with circular through holes, the T-shaped plate structures 27 at the structural upper end of the first plate spring 21 are sleeved with the first cylindrical structures 19 and connected, and the T-shaped plate structures 27 at the structural upper end of the second plate spring 22 are sleeved with the second cylindrical structures 20 and connected.
The lower end part of the second plate spring 22 structure is provided with a T-shaped groove plate structure 27, and the side surface is provided with a through hole, and the first plate spring 21 structure and the second plate spring 22 structure are connected with the movable mass block 5 through the through holes of the lower end parts of the first plate spring 21 structure and the second plate spring 22 structure by screws.
Under the excitation condition of a vibration source, the first plate spring 21 and the second plate spring 22 vibrate and deform to cause the plate spring piezoelectric sheet 23 on the first plate spring 21 and the second plate spring 22 to deform, and according to the inverse piezoelectric effect principle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the plate spring piezoelectric sheet 23 can generate a certain amount of charges, so that on one hand, the dissipation of vibration energy is accelerated, the vibration damping effect is improved, and on the other hand, the energy can be collected and utilized through a circuit to supply power for nearby sensors.
As shown in fig. 7, the connecting member 4 includes a V-shaped elliptical cross-section cylindrical structure, the upper end of the V-shaped elliptical cross-section cylindrical structure is symmetrically provided with rectangular plates 26, the lower part of the V-shaped elliptical cross-section cylindrical structure is provided with a third cylindrical structure 24, and the third cylindrical structure 24 is slidably connected with the movable mass block 5.
As shown in fig. 8, the movable mass block 5 is a rectangular structure, a through hole is formed in the middle of the movable mass block for slidably connecting with the third cylindrical structure 24, a fourth cylindrical structure 25 is arranged on the center of the side face in a protruding mode, a threaded blind hole is formed inside the movable mass block, and the T-shaped plate structure 27 and the T-shaped groove plate structure 28 are both hinged to the fourth cylindrical structure 25.
The invention also discloses a sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping method of the sandwich type piezoelectric driving and energy collecting vibration damping device, which comprises the following steps:
a Usin (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying Usin (ω t) electric signals to a second electrode plate 31 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8, wherein U is a voltage value, ω is an angular frequency, and t is time, and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw 10 and a negative screw 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8 to enable the positive screw 10 and the negative screw 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8 to generate vertical bending motion;
a Ucos (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying an Ucos (ω t) electric signal to a fourth electrode plate 35 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8, and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw 10 and a negative screw 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8, so that the positive screw 10 and the negative screw 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8 generate front and back bending motions, wherein a first electrode plate 29, a third electrode plate 33, the positive screw 10 and the negative screw 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator 8 are grounded;
a combined application step: and simultaneously applying a Usin (ω t) electric signal and a Ucos (ω t) electric signal, coupling the up-and-down bending motion and the front-and-back bending motion into a spatial rotary bending motion, namely a head shaking motion, and changing the distance between the regular thread block 6 and the inverse thread block 7 through precise driving.
The combined application step can form a micro-amplitude elliptical motion on the contact surface particles of the threads, and the positive thread block 6 and the negative thread block 7 are driven to move in opposite directions by friction under the action of pre-pressure between the threads, so that the effect of precisely driving and changing the distance between the two thread blocks is achieved, the precise adjustment of the rigidity of the plate-type piezoelectric spring 37 is realized, and the optimal vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Under the excitation condition of a vibration source, the plate spring is vibrated and deformed to cause the plate spring piezoelectric sheet 23 on the plate spring to deform, and according to the inverse piezoelectric effect principle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the plate spring piezoelectric sheet 23 can generate a certain amount of charges, so that on one hand, the dissipation of vibration energy is accelerated, the vibration damping effect is improved, and on the other hand, the energy can be collected and utilized through a circuit to supply power for nearby sensors.
The piezoelectric double-thread motor 1 has the characteristics of quick response, accurate positioning, power failure self-locking, no electromagnetic interference and the like, the plate-type piezoelectric spring 37 partially collects vibration energy, saves energy and simultaneously improves the system stability, and in addition, compared with a patch-type piezoelectric drive, the sandwich-type piezoelectric drive can output larger torque and can enlarge the frequency conversion adjusting range of the device.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a damping device of sandwich type piezoelectricity drive and energy collection which characterized in that, includes piezoelectricity double thread motor (1), plate-type piezoelectric spring (37), connecting piece (4) and moves quality piece (5), wherein:
two ends of the plate-type piezoelectric spring (37) are respectively arranged at two ends of the piezoelectric double-thread motor (1);
the dynamic mass block (5) is arranged on the plate-type piezoelectric spring (37);
one end of the connecting piece (4) is fixedly connected to the piezoelectric double-thread motor (1), and one end of the connecting piece (4) is far away from the piezoelectric double-thread motor (1) and is movably connected to the movable mass block (5).
2. The sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric double-thread motor (1) comprises a positive thread block (6), a negative thread block (7) and a piezoelectric vibrator (8), and two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator (8) are respectively arranged on the positive thread block (6) and the negative thread block (7) in a threaded manner.
3. The sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection according to claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric vibrator (8) comprises a positive screw (10), a negative screw (11) and a screw piezoelectric plate group (9), the screw piezoelectric plate group (9) is clamped between the positive screw (10) and the negative screw (11), one end of the positive screw (10) far away from the screw piezoelectric plate group (9) is arranged on the positive thread block (6), and one end of the negative screw (11) far away from the screw piezoelectric plate group (9) is arranged on the negative thread block (7).
4. The sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection according to claim 3, wherein the screw piezoelectric sheet group (9) comprises a first electrode sheet (29), a first screw piezoelectric sheet (30), a second electrode sheet (31), a second screw piezoelectric sheet (32), a third electrode sheet (33), a third screw piezoelectric sheet (34), a fourth electrode sheet (35) and a fourth screw piezoelectric sheet (36) which are sequentially arranged along the direction of the positive screw (10) approaching the negative screw (11).
5. The sandwich piezoelectric driving and energy harvesting vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the positive thread (13) rod is provided with a first I-shaped structure (15) for fixedly connecting with a vibration source device, and the negative thread (14) rod is provided with a second I-shaped structure (16) for fixedly connecting with the vibration source device.
6. The sandwich piezo-electric drive and energy harvesting vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the first I-shaped structure (15) is provided at a node of the positive-threaded (13) rod and the second I-shaped structure (16) is provided at a node of the negative-threaded (14) rod.
7. The sandwich type vibration damping device for piezoelectric driving and energy collection according to claim 3, wherein the positive screw (10), the negative screw (11) and the screw piezoelectric plate group (9) are provided with fixing bolts (12) for fixing the positive screw (10), the negative screw (11) and the screw piezoelectric plate group together.
8. The sandwich-type piezoelectric driving and energy harvesting vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the plate-type piezoelectric spring (37) comprises a first plate-type piezoelectric spring (2) and a second plate-type piezoelectric spring (3), one ends of the first plate-type piezoelectric spring (2) and the second plate-type piezoelectric spring (3) close to each other are both arranged on the movable mass block (5), one end of the first plate-type piezoelectric spring (2) far away from the movable mass block (5) is arranged on the positive thread block (6), and one end of the second plate-type piezoelectric spring (3) far away from the movable mass block (5) is arranged on the negative thread block (7).
9. The sandwich-type piezoelectric driving and energy harvesting vibration damper according to claim 8, wherein the first plate-type piezoelectric spring (2) comprises a first plate spring (21), the first plate-type piezoelectric spring (2) comprises a second plate spring (22), and a plurality of screw piezoelectric plates (17) are arranged on the first plate spring (21) and the second plate spring (22) at intervals;
one end of the first plate spring (21) is connected with one end of the second plate spring (22), one end, away from the second plate spring (22), of the first plate spring (21) is arranged on the positive thread block (6), and one end, away from the first plate spring (21), of the second plate spring (22) is arranged on the negative thread block (7).
10. A sandwich piezoelectric driving and energy harvesting vibration damping method based on the sandwich piezoelectric driving and energy harvesting vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
a Usin (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying Usin (ω t) electric signals to a second electrode plate (31) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8), wherein U is a voltage value, ω is an angular frequency, and t is time, and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw (10) and a negative screw (11) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8) to enable the positive screw (10) and the negative screw (11) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8) to generate vertical bending motion;
a Ucos (ω t) electric signal applying step: applying an Ucos (ω t) electric signal to a fourth electrode plate (35) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8), and exciting a first-order bending vibration mode of a positive screw (10) and a negative screw (11) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8) to enable the positive screw (10) and the negative screw (11) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8) to generate front and back bending motion, wherein a first electrode plate (29), a third electrode plate (33), the positive screw (10) and the negative screw (11) in the piezoelectric vibrator (8) are grounded;
a combined application step: and simultaneously applying a Usin (ω t) electric signal and a Ucos (ω t) electric signal, coupling the up-down bending motion and the front-back bending motion into a spatial rotary bending motion, namely a head shaking motion, and changing the distance between the regular thread block (6) and the reverse thread block (7) through precise driving.
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