CN108716521B - Vibration energy collecting device based on nonlinear energy trap - Google Patents
Vibration energy collecting device based on nonlinear energy trap Download PDFInfo
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- CN108716521B CN108716521B CN201810554634.XA CN201810554634A CN108716521B CN 108716521 B CN108716521 B CN 108716521B CN 201810554634 A CN201810554634 A CN 201810554634A CN 108716521 B CN108716521 B CN 108716521B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/03—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using magnetic or electromagnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration noise control and energy collection, and relates to a mechanical device integrating broadband vibration absorption and vibration energy collection functions, which mainly comprises a bottom plate, a nonlinear energy trap mechanism and a vibration energy collection unit; the bending beam with two pressed ends and the magnetic spring mechanisms arranged on the two sides provide pure cubic nonlinear stiffness required by the nonlinear energy trap together, and the vibration energy collecting unit mainly comprises an induction coil. The device can realize that external mechanical equipment vibration energy is quick, high-efficient, irreversible shifts to nonlinear energy trap mechanism in wide band within range, make equipment vibration obtain the suppression, and the energy that nonlinear energy trap mechanism absorbed can further dissipate through electromagnetic damping to convert into the electric energy and save, thereby realize vibration control and energy and gather dual function, it is wide to have the frequency band of inhaling, inhale the advantage such as efficient, energy collection efficiency height of inhaling, and the simple structure that relates to, compactness, strong adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise control and the technical field of vibration energy collection, and particularly relates to a vibration energy collection device based on a nonlinear energy trap.
Background
As is well known, a dynamic vibration absorber generally comprises a mass block, a spring and a viscous damper and is widely applied to structures such as buildings and machinery, and a conventional linear dynamic vibration absorber can effectively suppress vibration only when the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is equal to the vibration frequency of the structure, and has two resonance peaks.
The nonlinear energy trap is a nonlinear vibration absorber for realizing vibration suppression by utilizing a target energy transfer phenomenon, generally refers to an additional mass block connected with a main structure through strong nonlinear rigidity and viscous damping, the mass of the additional mass block is usually very small, but the strong nonlinear rigidity of the additional mass block can obviously change the dynamic characteristics of an original system, the vibration energy of the system can be localized under the condition of meeting specific parameters, the irreversible vibration energy of a main system can be rapidly gathered in the nonlinear energy trap through the nonlinear dynamic phenomena such as target energy transfer and the like, and the vibration of the main system can be effectively suppressed through damping dissipation in the nonlinear energy trap structure. At present, the greatest challenge of the technology lies in how to realize a nonlinear energy trap structure with strong nonlinear stiffness and structural parameters meeting nonlinear energy trap characteristics through a physical mechanism, patent CN103939521A proposes to use two elastic strings to provide nonlinear stiffness to realize the nonlinear energy trap structure, and patent CN205134603U proposes to use an elliptical rubber body to generate nonlinear force when being pressed to realize the nonlinear energy trap structure, but the nonlinear stiffness provided by the mechanisms all contain certain linear terms, so that the engineering of the nonlinear energy trap technology has great limitations.
The energy collection technology is a research hotspot in the fields of the internet of things, electric power, environmental protection engineering and the like at present. Particularly for mechanical systems, a great deal of vibration energy causes serious resource waste through damping dissipation, and many scholars begin to research how to convert the vibration energy into electric energy for storage and supply energy to various electronic devices such as sensors, so that favorable conditions are created for realizing the power supply requirements of wireless networks or remote networks. However, the vibration energy harvesting efficiency can only be maximized when the mechanical device resonates, and the amount of electricity generated is very small. The resonance phenomenon can aggravate the vibration of mechanical equipment, increase the noise of a mechanical system and greatly damage the service life of the equipment. Therefore, how to organically combine the vibration suppression effect of the mechanical system and the energy collection efficiency is a problem to be solved in the technical field of vibration energy collection.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration energy harvesting device based on nonlinear energy trap, which can achieve both vibration suppression and energy harvesting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vibration energy collecting device based on a nonlinear energy trap comprises a base plate, a nonlinear energy trap mechanism and a vibration energy collecting unit, wherein the nonlinear energy trap mechanism and the vibration energy collecting unit are arranged on the base plate; the nonlinear energy trap mechanism is used for absorbing the vibration energy of external mechanical equipment and inhibiting the vibration of the mechanical equipment and comprises a buckling beam with two fixed ends (two ends bear certain pre-pressure) and mass blocks, a middle magnet and an external magnet which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the buckling beam, wherein one end of each mass block is fixedly connected with the buckling beam, the other end of each mass block is fixedly connected with one end of the middle magnet, so that the middle magnet can move up and down along with the buckling beam, and the inner end face of the external magnet is arranged opposite to the outer end face of the middle magnet; the middle magnet and the outer magnet form a magnetic spring mechanism, and the vertical nonlinear restoring force of the buckling beam is adjusted by using the acting force between the magnets; the vibration energy collecting unit is used for rapidly dissipating external energy absorbed by the nonlinear energy trap through electromagnetic damping and converting the external energy into electric energy for storage, and comprises a coil, wherein the coil is arranged between the mass block and the external magnet, and the cantilever end of the middle magnet is inserted into the hollow part of the coil; the axes of the external magnet, the middle magnet, the mass block and the coil are overlapped, and the whole vibration energy collecting device is in an axisymmetric structure along the length direction of the buckling beam and the central axis direction of the mass block.
In the scheme, the pre-pressure at the two ends of the buckling beam is adjustable.
In the scheme, two ends of the bent beam are respectively fixed on the first mounting seat, and the position of the first mounting seat along the length direction of the bent beam is adjustable (U-shaped chutes are symmetrically formed along the length direction of the bent beam and are fixed with the bottom plate through the U-shaped chutes and the bolts); the two ends of the buckling beam are respectively and oppositely arranged with a baffle plate, the baffle plate and the mounting seat are respectively provided with threaded through holes with equal height, the baffle plate and the mounting seat are connected along the length direction of the buckling beam by adopting a first bolt and a locking nut, and the first bolt is superposed with the central axis of the buckling beam; the pre-pressure at the two ends of the buckling beam can be adjusted by adjusting a first bolt (a locking nut) between the first mounting seat and the baffle.
In the scheme, the buckling beam and the mass blocks on the two sides of the buckling beam are fixedly connected through bolts.
In the above scheme, the middle magnet can be selected to be in a cylindrical shape or the like.
In the above scheme, the coil is an induction coil.
In the above scheme, the two ends of the coil are connected with an external energy storage circuit, and the external energy storage circuit comprises elements such as a load resistor, an inductor and a capacitor and is used for storing induced electromotive force generated by cutting the magnetic induction line when the middle magnet moves along with the buckling beam.
In the above scheme, the position of the external magnet along the axis direction is adjustable, and the distance between the middle magnet and the external magnet in the axial direction is adjusted.
In the above scheme, the external magnet is arranged on the second mounting base, and the second mounting base is symmetrically provided with the U-shaped sliding grooves along the axis of the external magnet and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through the U-shaped sliding grooves and the bolts.
In the above scheme, the position of the coil position along the axis direction is adjustable, and the distance between the end face of the coil and the end face of the middle magnet is adjusted.
In the above scheme, the coil is arranged on the winder, and the lower part of the winder is symmetrically provided with U-shaped chutes along the central axis of the coil and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through the U-shaped chutes and the bolts.
In the scheme, the middle magnet and the external magnet are axially magnetized, and repulsive force is generated between the middle magnet and the external magnet; a ferromagnetic material such as NdFeB can be used.
Preferably, the intermediate magnet and the outer magnet are cylindrical.
The invention adopts buckling beams with two pressed ends and magnetic spring mechanisms arranged on the two sides to provide pure cubic nonlinear stiffness required by a nonlinear energy trap together, and a vibration energy collecting unit mainly comprises an induction coil and an external rectifying circuit; the device can realize that external mechanical equipment vibration energy is transferred to the nonlinear energy trap mechanism fast, high-efficiently, irreversibly in the wide band scope, makes equipment vibration obtain the suppression, and the energy that nonlinear energy trap mechanism absorbed can further dissipate through electromagnetic damping to convert the electric energy into and store, thereby realize vibration control and energy acquisition dual function. The device has the advantages of simple form, compact structure, strong adaptability and the like, and compared with the traditional linear vibration absorber, the device has wider vibration absorbing frequency band, higher vibration absorbing efficiency and higher energy collecting efficiency, and provides a new thought for the vibration energy collecting technology.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the buckling beam and the magnetic spring mechanism to realize the pure cubic nonlinear stiffness required by the nonlinear energy trap together, thereby being more suitable for the engineering design requirement; the device has better robustness, can simultaneously realize two targets of vibration suppression and vibration energy collection in a wide frequency range, and greatly improves the vibration absorption efficiency and the energy collection efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vibration energy harvesting device based on a nonlinear energy trap provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a vibration energy harvesting device based on a nonlinear energy trap provided by the invention.
Figure 3 is a top view of a vibration energy harvesting device based on a non-linear energy trap provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view, half section, of a vibration energy harvesting device based on a non-linear energy trap provided by the invention.
The device comprises a base plate 1, a bending beam 2, a second mounting seat 3, an external magnet 4, a bobbin 5, a coil 6, a middle magnet 7, a mass block 8, a first mounting seat 9, a first bolt 10 and a T-shaped baffle 11.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the contents of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a vibration energy harvesting device based on a nonlinear energy trap comprises a base plate 1, a nonlinear energy trap mechanism and a vibration energy harvesting unit; the base plate 1 can be fixed on mechanical equipment needing vibration reduction in a hanging or clamping mode, a nonlinear energy trap mechanism and a vibration energy collecting unit are arranged on the outer surface of the base plate, and the whole device is in an axisymmetric structure;
the nonlinear energy trap mechanism comprises a buckling beam 2, a middle magnet 7, an outer magnet 4 and a mass block 8, wherein the two ends of the buckling beam 2 are fixed, the middle magnet 7 and the outer magnet 4 are cylindrical, the middle magnet 7 and the outer magnet 4 are axially magnetized, and repulsive force is generated between the middle magnet 7 and the outer magnet; the buckling beam 2 is symmetrically fixed with two cylindrical mass blocks 8 along the vertical direction of the center of the buckling beam, four opposite threaded through holes are respectively formed in the two mass blocks 8 along the circumferential array, and the corresponding positions of the buckling beam 2 are also provided with the threaded through holes, so that the buckling beam 2 and the mass blocks 8 on the two sides of the buckling beam are connected and fixed through bolts; a countersunk hole is formed in the outer end face of the mass block 8, and one end of the middle magnet 7 is fixed in the countersunk hole (strong glue can be added for fixation), so that the middle magnet 7 can move up and down along with the buckling beam 2; the other end (cantilever end) of the middle magnet 7 is inserted into the hollow part of the coil 6 in the vibration energy collecting unit, the inner end surface of the external magnet 4 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 opposite to the cantilever end of the middle magnet 7, and the central axes of the mass block 8, the middle magnet 7 and the external magnet 4 are superposed;
the buckling beam 2, the coil 6 and the external magnet 4 are respectively fixed on a first mounting seat 9, a winder 5 and a second mounting seat 3 which are arranged on the bottom plate 1, the lower parts of the winder 5 and the second mounting seat 3 are respectively symmetrically provided with U-shaped sliding grooves along the vertical direction of the center of the buckling beam 2, the U-shaped sliding grooves are respectively connected and fixed with the bottom plate 1 through the U-shaped sliding grooves and bolts, and the distance between the middle magnet 7 and the external magnet 4 and the distance between the coil end face and the middle magnet end face can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts in the U-shaped sliding grooves. The middle magnet 7 and the outer magnet 4 form a magnetic spring mechanism, and the acting force between the magnets is used for adjusting the vertical nonlinear restoring force of the buckling beam.
Two pressing plates which are arranged at intervals are respectively fixed on the upper part of the first mounting seat 9, two ends of the buckling beam 2 are respectively embedded between the two pressing plates and provided with threaded holes, and two ends of the buckling beam 2 are fixed in the pressing plates through bolts; the lower part of the first mounting seat 9 is symmetrically provided with U-shaped sliding chutes along the length direction of the buckling beam 2 and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 1 through bolts; two ends of the buckling beam 2 are also respectively opposite to and provided with a T-shaped baffle 11, and the lower part of the T-shaped baffle 11 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 1; the upper part of the T-shaped baffle 11 is provided with a threaded through hole, one side of the first mounting seat 9, which is opposite to the T-shaped baffle 11, is provided with a threaded hole with the same height, the first mounting seat 9 and the T-shaped baffle 11 are connected through a first bolt 10 and a lock nut arranged between the first mounting seat 9 and the T-shaped baffle 11, and the first bolt 10 is superposed with the central axis of the buckling beam 2; by adjusting a first bolt (locking nut) between the first mounting seat and the baffle, the pre-pressure at two ends of the buckling beam can be adjusted.
Two ends of the coil 6 are connected with an external energy storage circuit; the external energy storage circuit comprises elements such as a load resistor, an inductor and a capacitor and is used for storing induced electromotive force generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines when the middle magnet 7 moves along with the buckling beam.
The invention provides a vibration energy collecting device based on a nonlinear energy trap, which comprises the following working processes: the device is fixed on mechanical equipment to be damped in a clamping or suspension mode, and pre-pressure borne by two ends of a buckling beam 2 and the distance between an external magnet 4 and a middle magnet 7 are adjusted according to the excitation characteristic of a damping system, so that the two can provide pure cubic nonlinear rigidity together; when vibration energy of the vibration reduction system is irreversibly transmitted to the vibration energy collecting device based on the nonlinear energy trap, the mass block 8 and the middle magnet 7 vibrate together along with the bending beam 2 along the vertical direction, the middle magnet 7 cuts magnetic induction lines in the coil 6, and the vibration energy absorbed by the nonlinear energy trap is quickly dissipated by mechanical damping of the system and electromagnetic damping between the middle magnet 7 and the coil 6, wherein the thermal energy dissipated by the electromagnetic damping is partially converted into electric energy and can be stored through an external circuit. Because the nonlinear energy trap mechanism of the device meets the requirement of pure cubic nonlinear rigidity, the device has no dominant frequency when absorbing vibration energy of a vibration damping system, does not need to track the frequency of a main system, has a good vibration absorption effect in a wide frequency range, and has high energy collection efficiency.
It is apparent that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating and do not limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are therefore intended to be included within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration energy collecting device based on a nonlinear energy trap comprises a base plate, a nonlinear energy trap mechanism and a vibration energy collecting unit, wherein the nonlinear energy trap mechanism and the vibration energy collecting unit are arranged on the base plate; the nonlinear energy trap mechanism comprises a buckling beam, mass blocks, a middle magnet and an external magnet, wherein the two ends of the buckling beam are fixed and pressed, the mass blocks, the middle magnet and the external magnet are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the buckling beam, one end of each mass block is fixed on the buckling beam, the other end of each mass block is fixedly connected with one end of the middle magnet, and the inner end surface of the external magnet is arranged opposite to the end surface of the middle magnet; the vibration energy collecting unit comprises a coil, the coil is arranged between the mass block and the external magnet, and the cantilever end of the middle magnet is inserted in the hollow part of the coil; the axes of the outer magnet, the intermediate magnet, the mass and the coil coincide.
2. A vibrational energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pre-stress at each end of said buckling beam is adjustable.
3. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the buckling beam are respectively fixed on a first mounting seat, and the position of the first mounting seat along the length direction of the buckling beam is adjustable; the two ends of the bending beam are respectively and oppositely arranged with a baffle, the baffle and the first mounting seat are respectively provided with threaded through holes with equal height, the baffle and the first mounting seat are connected along the length direction of the bending beam through a first bolt and a locking nut, and the first bolt is superposed with the central axis of the bending beam.
4. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1 wherein the buckling beam and the masses on either side thereof are secured by bolting.
5. A vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the coil is connected across its ends to an external tank circuit comprising load resistive, inductive and capacitive elements.
6. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the position of the external magnet in the direction of its axis is adjustable.
7. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 6, wherein the external magnet is fixed on a second mounting base, and the second mounting base is symmetrically provided with U-shaped chutes along the central axis of the external magnet, and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through the U-shaped chutes.
8. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the position of the coil in the direction of its axis is adjustable.
9. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 8 wherein the coil is mounted on a bobbin, and the lower portion of the bobbin is symmetrically provided with U-shaped chutes along the axis of the coil and is fixedly connected to the base plate via the U-shaped chutes.
10. A vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate magnet and the outer magnet are axially charged to generate a repulsive force therebetween.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810554634.XA CN108716521B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Vibration energy collecting device based on nonlinear energy trap |
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| CN201810554634.XA CN108716521B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Vibration energy collecting device based on nonlinear energy trap |
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| CN108716521B true CN108716521B (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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| CN109883633A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-06-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of non-linear vibrating system based on Flow vibration collection of energy |
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| CN115296505A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-04 | 山东大学 | Nonlinear energy trap and magnet coil combined energy capturer and control method thereof |
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