CN113308308B - Micro-emulsion type oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Micro-emulsion type oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113308308B
CN113308308B CN202110498371.7A CN202110498371A CN113308308B CN 113308308 B CN113308308 B CN 113308308B CN 202110498371 A CN202110498371 A CN 202110498371A CN 113308308 B CN113308308 B CN 113308308B
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cleaning agent
oil
micro
mixed solution
surfactant
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CN113308308A (en
Inventor
孙建林
苏道昕
黄瑛
唐华杰
王茜舒
李娟�
张晓�
刘亚东
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Beijing Tongzhou District Luhe Middle School
University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Luhe Middle School Tongzhou District Beijing
University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
    • C11D3/2013—Monohydric alcohols linear fatty or with at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C11D3/2017—Monohydric alcohols branched
    • C11D3/202—Monohydric alcohols branched fatty or with at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

A micro-emulsion oil-removing cleaning agent for metal processing and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of industrial cleaning. The invention comprises the following components by mass percent: 21-25% of light white oil, 30-34% of compound surfactant, 17-20% of cosurfactant, 0.46-0.60% of chelating agent and the balance of deionized water. The product of the invention has good rust resistance, contains no phosphorus, and has important application value for replacing solvent type traditional cleaning agents to clean precision parts with complex structures. The product of the invention is amber transparent liquid, has small particle size, simple preparation process, stable thermodynamics, easy storage, mutual solubility with water and oil, strong cleaning power, capability of cleaning water-soluble dirt and oil-soluble dirt, easy rinsing and less residue. The light white oil is used as the oil phase of the invention, which obviously improves the spreading capability of the micro-emulsion oil removal cleaning agent on the metal surface, so that the cleaning agent can be spread into fine grooves and holes of precision parts, and the cleaning effect is effectively exerted.

Description

Micro-emulsion type oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial cleaning, and particularly relates to a micro-emulsion oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
During metal working, the material is susceptible to contamination from process residual lubricants, dust, equipment leakage oil, and the like. Therefore, the pollutants need to be cleaned repeatedly, so as to improve the surface cleanliness of the metal material and meet the requirements of subsequent processing procedures.
Common degreasing cleaning agents include inorganic water-based cleaning agents, surfactant water-based cleaning agents, and solvent-based cleaning agents. The inorganic water-based cleaning agent achieves the purpose of cleaning through saponification reaction. Because mineral oil can not be saponified and the inorganic water-based cleaning agent has the problems that the alkalinity is too strong and nonferrous metals are easy to corrode, the inorganic water-based cleaning agent can only be used for cleaning animal and plant oil stains on the surfaces of ferrous metals. The surfactant water-based cleaning agent reduces the surface tension of a solution through a surfactant, has wetting, emulsifying, dispersing and solubilizing effects on oil stains, and still has a certain corrosion effect on materials when being used as a water-based cleaning agent. The solvent-based cleaning agent is directly cleaned by using chemical solvents such as petroleum hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, esters and the like, has the advantages of high workpiece cleanliness, recyclability and no need of subsequent treatment, is widely applied to cleaning of precise parts, but has the problems of flammability, explosiveness, environmental pollution and human body toxicity, so the solvent-based cleaning agent is gradually replaced by the water-based cleaning agent.
The microemulsion mainly comprises oil, water, surfactant, cosurfactant and the like. The oil phase and the water phase of the microemulsion form a thermodynamics stable dispersion system with the dispersed phase grain diameter of 10 nm-100 nm under the action of a surfactant and a cosurfactant, and the interfacial tension is extremely low. The micro-emulsion type cleaning agent has the advantages of a surfactant water-based cleaning agent and a solvent-based cleaning agent, and has the characteristics of strong cleaning power, safe use, convenient subsequent treatment and the like. The existing micro-emulsion cleaning agent still has the defects of poor metal spreadability and easy corrosion of metals. Through reasonable component design, the micro-emulsion oil removal cleaning agent disclosed by the invention has an excellent spreading effect on a metal surface, has good antirust property, contains no phosphorus in components, and has an important application value for replacing a toxic solvent type traditional cleaning agent and cleaning precision parts with complex structures.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the limitation of the existing micro-emulsion type oil removing cleaning agent, the invention provides the micro-emulsion type oil removing cleaning agent which has strong cleaning power, excellent spreading performance on the metal surface and good rust resistance, and also provides a preparation method of the micro-emulsion type cleaning agent.
A micro-emulsion oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21-25% of light white oil, 30-34% of compound surfactant, 17-20% of cosurfactant, 0.46-0.60% of sodium citrate and the balance of deionized water.
The light white oil has kinematic viscosity (40 ℃) of 1mm2/s～4mm2Light white oil per second.
The compound surfactant is composed of a nonionic surfactant sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span80) and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), and the mass ratio of Span80 to LAS is 2-2.5: 1.
The cosurfactant is one or a mixture of more of n-propanol, isopropanol and ethanol in any proportion.
The preparation method of the micro-emulsion oil-removing cleaning agent for metal processing comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of a compound surfactant: mixing the nonionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant at the temperature of 20-50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm until the mixture is uniform to obtain the compound surfactant.
Step two, preparing a micro-emulsion type cleaning agent: sequentially adding the cosurfactant and the light white oil into the compound surfactant at the temperature of between 20 and 50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of between 600 and 800rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly mixed. And continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 200-800 rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
By the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the product of the invention is amber transparent liquid, has small particle size, simple preparation process, stable thermodynamics, easy storage, mutual solubility with water and oil, strong cleaning power, capability of cleaning water-soluble dirt and oil-soluble dirt, easy rinsing and less residue. The light white oil is used as the oil phase of the invention, which obviously improves the spreading capability of the micro-emulsion oil removal cleaning agent on the metal surface, so that the cleaning agent can spread into the tiny grooves and holes of the precision parts, and the cleaning effect is effectively exerted.
2. The nonionic surfactant Span80 used in the invention has good antirust effect besides emulsification effect, and can effectively avoid the corrosion of the cleaning agent to the metal surface.
3. The biodegradability of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) used in the invention is more than 90%, and the degree of environmental pollution is small. The sodium citrate used in the invention is safe, nontoxic and easy to degrade as a chelating agent, can replace phosphorus-containing builders such as sodium tripolyphosphate and the like, improves the cleaning power of the cleaning agent, and reduces the environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the spreading of the cleaning agent and water on the surface of stainless steel in example 1.
FIG. 2 is the surface topography of the metal during the cleaning power test of the cleaning agent of example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. The examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
The test in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. the spreading ability of the cleaning agent on the metal surface is measured by a contact angle measuring instrument by adopting a sitting drop method.
2. The cleaning power of the cleaning agent is tested by referring to GB/T35759-2017 metal cleaning agent, and the surface appearance of the metal is observed by using an optical microscope.
Example 1
The formula of the embodiment 1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23% of light white oil, 8022% of Span, 9% of LAS, 20% of n-propanol, 0.52% of sodium citrate and 25.48% of deionized water.
The preparation steps of the cleaning agent in the embodiment are as follows: at 25 ℃, Span80 and LAS are mixed and stirred to be uniform at the rotating speed of 700rpm, and the compound surfactant is obtained. At 25 ℃, sequentially adding n-propanol and light white oil into the compound surfactant, and stirring at the rotating speed of 700rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly stirred. And continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 700rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
Example 2
The formula of the embodiment 2 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of light white oil, 8021% of Span, 9% of LAS, 19% of n-propanol, 0.60% of sodium citrate and 29.4% of deionized water.
The preparation steps of the cleaning agent in the embodiment are as follows: and (3) mixing Span80 with LAS at 25 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600rpm until the mixture is uniform to obtain the compound surfactant. At 25 ℃, sequentially adding n-propanol and light white oil into the compound surfactant, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly stirred. And continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 600rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
Example 3
The formula of the embodiment 3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 24% of light white oil, 8024% of Span, 10% of LAS, 19% of n-propanol, 0.46% of sodium citrate and 22.54% of deionized water.
The preparation steps of the cleaning agent in the embodiment are as follows: and (3) mixing Span80 with LAS at 50 ℃, and stirring at 800rpm until the mixture is uniform to obtain the compound surfactant. At 50 ℃, sequentially adding n-propanol and light white oil into the compound surfactant, and stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly stirred. And continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 800rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
The performance indexes of the prepared product are as follows:
Figure BDA0003055391320000041
the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A micro-emulsion oil-removing cleaning agent for metal processing is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 21-25% of light white oil, 30-34% of compound surfactant, 17-20% of cosurfactant, 0.46-0.60% of sodium citrate and the balance of deionized water;
the light white oil has a kinematic viscosity of 1mm at 40 DEG C2/s～4mm2A light white oil per second;
the compound surfactant is composed of a nonionic surfactant sorbitan fatty acid ester and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 2-2.5: 1;
the cosurfactant is one or a mixture of more of n-propanol, isopropanol and ethanol in any proportion;
the preparation steps of the cleaning agent are as follows:
step one, preparation of a compound surfactant: mixing a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant at the temperature of 20-50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm until the mixture is uniform to obtain a compound surfactant;
step two, preparing a micro-emulsion type cleaning agent: sequentially adding cosurfactant and light white oil into the compound surfactant at the temperature of between 20 and 50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of between 600 and 800rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly mixed; and continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 200-800 rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
2. The preparation method of the micro-emulsion oil-removing cleaning agent for metal processing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the preparation steps are:
step one, preparation of a compound surfactant: mixing a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant at the temperature of 20-50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm until the mixture is uniform to obtain a compound surfactant;
step two, preparing a micro-emulsion type cleaning agent: sequentially adding cosurfactant and light white oil into the compound surfactant at the temperature of between 20 and 50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of between 600 and 800rpm until the mixed solution is uniformly mixed; and continuously stirring the mixed solution at the rotating speed of 200-800 rpm, simultaneously adding deionized water and sodium citrate into the mixed solution in sequence, and continuously stirring until the appearance of the mixed solution is changed from turbid to clear, thus obtaining the micro-emulsion type oil-removing cleaning agent.
CN202110498371.7A 2021-05-08 2021-05-08 Micro-emulsion type oil removal cleaning agent for metal processing and preparation method thereof Active CN113308308B (en)

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US4946606A (en) * 1987-12-17 1990-08-07 Texaco Inc. Producing oil-in-water microemulsions from a microemulsion concentrate

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US4946606A (en) * 1987-12-17 1990-08-07 Texaco Inc. Producing oil-in-water microemulsions from a microemulsion concentrate

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