CN113307701A - Water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113307701A CN113307701A CN202110626451.6A CN202110626451A CN113307701A CN 113307701 A CN113307701 A CN 113307701A CN 202110626451 A CN202110626451 A CN 202110626451A CN 113307701 A CN113307701 A CN 113307701A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water-retaining fertilizers. The invention provides a water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues. The water-retaining fertilizer can effectively adapt to the problems of less rainfall and limited water resources in semiarid regions, improves the utilization rate and the utilization efficiency of rainfall resources, and increases the crop yield. Meanwhile, the water-retaining fertilizer effectively solves the problem of poor mildew resistance of the traditional starch water-retaining agent through reasonable matching and a specific processing technology, does not produce environmental hazard, is low in cost and has good biocompatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-retaining fertilizers, in particular to a water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The semi-arid region has less rainfall and limited water resources, and the problem of water resource shortage is an important problem for limiting the agricultural development of the semi-arid region, so that the problem of how to improve the utilization rate and the utilization efficiency of the rainfall resources and increase the crop yield is always a problem in the semi-arid region.
Although water retention agents developed in recent years have attracted much attention as highly effective water-saving materials, they have some problems in use. At present, water-retaining agents are mainly classified into starches, synthetics and celluloses according to raw materials. Among them, starch has poor mildew resistance, weak synthetic degradability, and cellulose has high cost; the water-absorbing rate of the water-retaining agent can be increased along with the increase of the using time, and environmental hazards can be generated in the using process. Therefore, it is important to provide a water retention method which does not cause environmental damage, has low cost and good biocompatibility.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which do not produce environmental hazard, have low cost and good biocompatibility.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a water-retaining fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues.
Preferably, the starch grafted acrylate is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-3 parts of starch, 6-7 parts of acrylate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of cross-linking agent and 0.02-0.03 part of initiator.
Preferably, the corncob is corncob particles with the diameter of 1-2 mm.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.
Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate or triple superphosphate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-retaining fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting to obtain a material 1;
(2) roasting and crushing the material 1 to obtain a material 2;
(3) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulfonate, potassium humate, a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 40-54 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8-12 days.
Preferably, the roasting temperature is 120-180 ℃, and the roasting time is 90-120 min.
Preferably, the diameter of the material 2 is 0.5-1 mm.
The invention provides a water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues. The water-retaining fertilizer can effectively adapt to the problems of less rainfall and limited water resources in semiarid regions, improves the utilization rate and the utilization efficiency of rainfall resources, and increases the crop yield. Meanwhile, the water-retaining fertilizer effectively solves the problem of poor mildew resistance of the traditional starch water-retaining agent through reasonable matching and a specific processing technology, does not produce environmental hazard, is low in cost and has good biocompatibility.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a water-retaining fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues.
In the invention, the calcium lignosulfonate is preferably 5-6 parts.
In the present invention, the potassium humate is preferably 5 parts.
In the invention, the corn cob is preferably 16-19 parts, and more preferably 17-18 parts.
In the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably 13.5 to 14.5 parts, and more preferably 14 parts.
In the invention, the potassium fertilizer is preferably 13.5-14.5 parts, and more preferably 14 parts.
In the invention, the phosphate fertilizer is preferably 13.5-14.5 parts, and more preferably 14 parts.
In the invention, the preferable part of the starch grafted acrylate is 1-1.5 parts.
In the invention, the biogas residue is preferably 16-19 parts, and more preferably 17-18 parts.
In the invention, the starch grafted acrylate is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-3 parts of starch, 6-7 parts of acrylate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of cross-linking agent and 0.02-0.03 part of initiator.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the starch graft acrylate is preferably: mixing water and starch, gelatinizing for 15-25 min, adding acrylate, a cross-linking agent and an initiator, stirring for 5-8 min, keeping the temperature at 75-80 ℃ for 70-80 min, and crushing to obtain the starch grafted acrylate.
In the present invention, the time for gelatinization is preferably 18 to 22min, and more preferably 20 min.
In the present invention, the acrylic acid salt is preferably neutralized with acrylic acid and sodium hydroxide.
In the present invention, the neutralization degree of acrylic acid and sodium hydroxide is preferably 75 to 85%, more preferably 78 to 82%, and still more preferably 80%.
In the present invention, the crosslinking agent is preferably N, N-methylenebisacrylamide.
In the present invention, the initiator is preferably ammonium persulfate.
In the invention, the stirring time is preferably 6-7 min.
In the invention, the temperature of the heat preservation is preferably 76-19 ℃, and more preferably 77-78 ℃.
In the present invention, the heat-insulating time is preferably 73 to 77min, and more preferably 75 min.
In the invention, the starch is preferably 2-2.5 parts.
In the present invention, the acrylate is preferably 6.2 to 6.8 parts, and more preferably 6.5 parts.
In the present invention, the water is preferably 0.8 to 1.2 parts, and more preferably 1 part.
In the present invention, the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.08 to 0.12 part, and more preferably 0.1 part.
In the invention, the corn cob is preferably corn cob particles with the diameter of 1-2 mm.
In the present invention, the diameter of the corncob is preferably 1.5 mm.
In the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably one or more of urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
In the present invention, the potassium fertilizer is preferably potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.
In the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer is preferably calcium superphosphate or triple superphosphate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-retaining fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting to obtain a material 1;
(2) roasting and crushing the material 1 to obtain a material 2;
(3) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulfonate, potassium humate, a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
In the invention, the fermentation temperature is preferably 40-54 ℃, more preferably 45-50 ℃, and still more preferably 47-48 ℃.
In the present invention, the fermentation time is preferably 8 to 12 days, more preferably 9 to 11 days, and still more preferably 10 days.
In the invention, the roasting temperature is preferably 120-180 ℃, more preferably 140-160 ℃, and still more preferably 150 ℃.
In the present invention, the baking time is preferably 90 to 120min, more preferably 100 to 110min, and still more preferably 105 min.
In the invention, the diameter of the material 2 is preferably 0.5-1 mm, more preferably 0.6-0.9 mm, and still more preferably 0.7-0.8 mm.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 1.5 parts of water and 3 parts of starch, gelatinizing for 25min, adding 7 parts of acrylate, 0.15 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.03 part of ammonium persulfate, stirring for 8min, keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 70min, and crushing to obtain starch grafted acrylate;
(2) weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of 4 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 5 parts of potassium humate, 20 parts of corncobs, 13 parts of urea, 13 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of triple superphosphate, 0.5 part of starch grafted acrylate and 20 parts of biogas residues;
(3) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting for 12 days at 40 ℃ to obtain a material 1;
(4) roasting the material 1 at 120 ℃ for 120min, and then crushing to obtain a material 2 with the diameter of 0.5 mm;
(5) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, urea, potassium chloride, triple superphosphate and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Example 2
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 1 part of water and 2 parts of starch, gelatinizing for 20min, adding 6.5 parts of acrylate, 0.1 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.02 part of ammonium persulfate, stirring for 7min, keeping the temperature at 77 ℃ for 75min, and crushing to obtain starch grafted acrylate;
(2) weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 6 parts of potassium humate, 17 parts of corncobs, 14 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1.5 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 17 parts of biogas residues;
(3) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting for 10 days at 50 ℃ to obtain a material 1;
(4) roasting the material 1 at 150 ℃ for 105min, and then crushing to obtain a material 2 with the diameter of 0.7 mm;
(5) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Example 3
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 0.5 part of water and 1.5 parts of starch, gelatinizing for 15min, adding 6 parts of acrylate, 0.05 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.02 part of ammonium persulfate, stirring for 5min, keeping the temperature at 75 ℃ for 80min, and crushing to obtain starch grafted acrylate;
(2) weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 7 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 7 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of corncobs, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 parts of potassium chloride, 13 parts of triple superphosphate, 2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15 parts of biogas residues;
(3) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting for 8 days at 54 ℃ to obtain a material 1;
(4) roasting the material 1 at 180 ℃ for 90min, and then crushing to obtain a material 2 with the diameter of 1 mm;
(5) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, triple superphosphate and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 6 parts of potassium humate, 17 parts of corncobs, 14 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate and 17 parts of biogas residues;
(3) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting for 10 days at 50 ℃ to obtain a material 1;
(4) roasting the material 1 at 150 ℃ for 105min, and then crushing to obtain a material 2 with the diameter of 0.7 mm;
(5) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and calcium superphosphate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 1 part of water and 2 parts of starch, gelatinizing for 20min, adding 6.5 parts of acrylate, 0.1 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.02 part of ammonium persulfate, stirring for 7min, keeping the temperature at 77 ℃ for 75min, and crushing to obtain starch grafted acrylate;
(2) weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 6 parts of potassium humate, 14 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1.5 parts of starch grafted acrylate;
(3) and mixing calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting super absorbent resin produced by Changan's stock group Limited company of Shengli oilfield as a water-retaining agent, and weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 6 parts of potassium humate, 17 parts of corncobs, 14 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent and 17 parts of biogas residues;
(3) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting for 10 days at 50 ℃ to obtain a material 1;
(4) roasting the material 1 at 150 ℃ for 105min, and then crushing to obtain a material 2 with the diameter of 0.7 mm;
(5) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulphonate, potassium humate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and a water-retaining agent to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
Test examples
Selecting 7 test fields with the area of 200 square meters, numbering test groups 1-7, and continuously planting 2 years of corns in the test fields; before sowing, 40kg of the water-retaining fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 3 was applied to test groups 1 to 3 as a base fertilizer, 40kg of the water-retaining fertilizer prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 was applied to test groups 4 to 6 as a base fertilizer, and a compound fertilizer 15-15-15 produced by Liaoning Shunyi agricultural science and technology Limited was applied to test group 7 as a base fertilizer in the planting process, with the application amount being 30 kg.
The average water content of the soil in the depth of 10cm in each test group was measured before sowing each year, and the corn yield of each test group was recorded after receiving, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
And (4) conclusion: the water-retaining fertilizer prepared by the application can effectively improve the water content of plough layer soil and can also improve the yield of corn. Although the water content of the soil is improved by using the fertilizer and the water-retaining fertilizers prepared in comparative examples 1-3, the water-retaining fertilizers have insignificant change compared with test groups 1-3 and have little influence on the yield, and even the fertilizers of the test group 6 and the test group 7 do not improve the yield.
From the above embodiments, the invention provides a water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-retaining fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues. The water-retaining fertilizer can effectively adapt to the problems of less rainfall and limited water resources in semiarid regions, improves the utilization rate and the utilization efficiency of rainfall resources, and increases the crop yield. Meanwhile, the water-retaining fertilizer effectively solves the problem of poor mildew resistance of the traditional starch water-retaining agent through reasonable matching and a specific processing technology, does not produce environmental hazard, is low in cost and has good biocompatibility.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water-retaining fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 5-7 parts of potassium humate, 15-20 parts of corncobs, 13-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizers, 13-15 parts of potassium fertilizers, 13-15 parts of phosphate fertilizers, 0.5-2 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 15-20 parts of biogas residues.
2. The water-retaining fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the starch graft acrylate is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-3 parts of starch, 6-7 parts of acrylate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of cross-linking agent and 0.02-0.03 part of initiator.
3. The water-retaining fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the corncob is a corncob particle with a diameter of 1-2 mm.
4. The water-retaining fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of urea, diammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
5. The water-retaining fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.
6. The water-retaining fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate or triple superphosphate.
7. The method for preparing the water-retaining fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing biogas residues and corncobs, and fermenting to obtain a material 1;
(2) roasting and crushing the material 1 to obtain a material 2;
(3) and mixing the material 2, calcium lignosulfonate, potassium humate, a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and starch grafted acrylate to obtain the water-retaining fertilizer.
8. The preparation method of the water-retaining fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the fermentation temperature is 40-54 ℃ and the fermentation time is 8-12 days.
9. The preparation method of the water-retaining fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the roasting temperature is 120-180 ℃ and the roasting time is 90-120 min.
10. The preparation method of the water-retaining fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the diameter of the material 2 is 0.5-1 mm.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101462911A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Special moisture preservation compound fertilizer for maize in arid and semi-arid area and preparation thereof |
| CN107721599A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 广西小草信息产业有限责任公司 | A kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108033840A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-15 | 柳州市汉象教育咨询有限责任公司 | A kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108300485A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-20 | 鲁东大学 | It is a kind of to be used to administer the soil conditioner in salt-soda soil and its preparation method and application |
| US20190031574A1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-31 | North University Of China | Water-absorbing and water-retaining multi-nutrient biodegradable polymeric slow/controlled release fertilizer having a semi-interpenetrating network structure |
-
2021
- 2021-06-04 CN CN202110626451.6A patent/CN113307701A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101462911A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Special moisture preservation compound fertilizer for maize in arid and semi-arid area and preparation thereof |
| US20190031574A1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-31 | North University Of China | Water-absorbing and water-retaining multi-nutrient biodegradable polymeric slow/controlled release fertilizer having a semi-interpenetrating network structure |
| CN107721599A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 广西小草信息产业有限责任公司 | A kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108033840A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-15 | 柳州市汉象教育咨询有限责任公司 | A kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108300485A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-20 | 鲁东大学 | It is a kind of to be used to administer the soil conditioner in salt-soda soil and its preparation method and application |
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