CN113303080A - Automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device - Google Patents

Automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113303080A
CN113303080A CN202110692661.5A CN202110692661A CN113303080A CN 113303080 A CN113303080 A CN 113303080A CN 202110692661 A CN202110692661 A CN 202110692661A CN 113303080 A CN113303080 A CN 113303080A
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China
Prior art keywords
harvesting
lotus root
water
harrow
water flow
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CN202110692661.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113303080B (en
Inventor
胡珊
孙锐奇
贾俊杰
胡亚宇
郑哲
程诺
董琳琳
韩嘉林
荣令达
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Hubei University of Technology
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Hubei University of Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D44/00Harvesting of underwater plants, e.g. harvesting of seaweed

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device which comprises a high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform, a water flow flushing belt, a lotus root section collecting bin and a ship body, wherein the high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform is positioned at the front end of the ship body and comprises a rotary shaft wheel arranged at the front end of the ship body and a plurality of rows of harvesting rakes which are circumferentially and vertically connected onto the rotary shaft wheel, a plurality of rake teeth are arranged on each row of harvesting rakes at intervals, high-pressure water guns are arranged at the top ends of the rake teeth, the water flow flushing belt is arranged in the middle of the ship body, a plurality of staggered rake teeth are arranged between the water flow flushing belt and the rotary shaft wheel and staggered with the rake teeth on the harvesting rakes, one end, close to the rotary shaft wheel, of each staggered rake tooth inclines upwards, a plurality of buffering water guns are arranged at the tail part of one end, close to the water flow flushing belt, the collecting bin is arranged behind the water flow flushing belt and used for collecting lotus root sections flushed with water flow to the ship body. The lotus root digging and collecting device disclosed by the invention realizes the integration of digging and collecting lotus roots, reduces the manual workload during lotus root digging, and improves the working efficiency of lotus root digging.

Description

Automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device.
Background
The lotus roots grow in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, are rich in nutrition and are important aquatic vegetables in China. At present, farmers in China mainly finish lotus root harvesting by manually digging: one method adopts a digging mode, water in a pool is drained, and lotus roots are dug by a shovel; the other type adopts a high-pressure water gun to spray water, the high-pressure water gun is manually carried and connected with a water pump, and a mud layer attached to the surface of the lotus root is flushed through water pressure to float on the water surface, and then the lotus root is manually harvested. The traditional manual lotus root picking mode has the problems of low picking rate, serious damage of lotus roots and the like due to severe operation environment, overlarge labor intensity, high cost, high operation difficulty and the like. At present, the existing lotus root harvesting machine applied research case for solving the problem is that a spray flow type or airflow type mode is generally adopted to wash away a mud layer on the surface of lotus roots, and then a semi-automatic solution for manual collection is adopted, but the harvesting integration can not be completely realized, manual collection is not needed, automatic collection and storage can be carried out, a fully-automatic research case is realized, and the problems of unstable lotus root harvesting effect, low extraction rate and the like exist in part of machines. Therefore, the invention aims to design an automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device, so that automation and integration of harvesting and storing are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
the utility model provides an automatic lotus root harvesting and storage device which characterized in that: comprises a high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform, a water flow scouring belt, a lotus root section collecting bin and a ship body, wherein the high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform is positioned at the front end of the ship body and comprises a rotary shaft wheel arranged at the front end of the ship body, and a plurality of rows of harvesting rakes which are circumferentially and vertically connected with the rotating shaft wheel, a plurality of rake teeth are arranged on each row of harvesting rakes at intervals, high-pressure water guns are arranged at the top ends of the rake teeth, used for flushing a silt layer, a water flow flushing belt is arranged in the middle of the ship body, a plurality of staggered tooth rakes are arranged between the water flow flushing belt and the rotating shaft wheel, the staggered tooth rakes are staggered with rake teeth on the harvesting rake, the rotation of the harvesting harrow can not be interfered when the harvesting harrow rotates, one end of the staggered toothed harrow, which is close to the rotating shaft wheel, is inclined upwards, the tail part of one end, which is close to the water flow flushing belt, is provided with a plurality of buffer water guns, the lotus root section that is used for falling into on the rivers scouring belt washes, and rivers scouring belt rear is for collecting the storehouse for collect along with rivers wash the lotus root section of brushing the hull rear.
The harvesting harrow comprises six rows which are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, eleven harrow teeth are arranged on each row, the length of each harrow tooth is 60cm, a plurality of damping teeth are arranged on each harrow tooth, and the distance between every two adjacent damping teeth is 10cm, so that the displacement of the exposed lotus root sections is conveniently limited in the lotus root digging process, and the lotus root sections can be separated from a mud pond with adhesive force.
The harvesting harrow is covered with a layer of flexible rubber to protect the surface of the lotus root from being damaged by collision in the harvesting process.
The utility model discloses a device for the water conservancy diversion is including hull, water pump pipe, water pump, the hull side is equipped with the air cushion for providing buoyancy, makes hull and shipboard device float in the surface of water, and hull rear end both sides respectively are equipped with a small-size low pressure water pump and to the rear jet stream, for the hull provides the motion power who gos forward and turn to, and hull front end both sides are equipped with diesel engine and water pump respectively, diesel engine's output shaft passes through the bevel gear meshing with the rotatory arbor wheel, provides rotary power for the rotatory arbor wheel, the water pump pipe of water pump extends to the surface of water, extracts lake water or pond water through netted straining port, and the delivery port of water pump is connected to the spacing water pipe that is located the rotatory arbor wheel middle part through the water pump pipe, and then the intercommunication is gathered interior water gun, provides high-pressure rivers for gathering on the harrow.
The limiting water pipe is communicated with a high-pressure water gun on the harvesting rake only when the harvesting rake vertically moves downwards to a horizontal position from the horizontal surface, so that high-pressure water flow is provided, and the lotus root sections in the mud pond are flushed out of the mud layer by jetting the high-pressure water flow.
The total length of the ship body is 250cm, and the width of the ship body is 220 cm.
The bottom of the water flow scouring section is provided with a metal filter screen 11 so that sludge flushed on the lotus root section can be precipitated to the pond.
The storehouse is collected to the lotus root section is for suspending in the boxlike structure of the surface of water, its one side towards rivers scouring belt has the opening, the lotus root section is collected and is connected through the couple between storehouse and the hull, gather the stage at the lotus root section, collect the storehouse and remove along with the hull together, after the lotus root section loads rated load in collecting the storehouse, can manually or through long-range electric control collection storehouse and hull unhook, the collection storehouse of unhook floats in the surface of water, wait for artifical the collection, storehouse and hull couple link up are collected to a new lotus root section of reuse, continue to gather.
Dislocation tine harrow has ten, and it is close to rotatory arbor wheel one end 45 of upwards inclining for catch follow the rotatory lotus root of adopting the bench to drop of high-pressure rivers and make it roll and fall rivers and erode the section, the buffering squirt provides low pressure rivers by the water pipe of deriving from spacing water pipe, and the buffering squirt includes just to four water jets in collection storehouse, and each water jet sprays to middle slope about wherein, and the rivers that erupt are directed to the lotus root section of rolling and are washed, wash lotus root section silt to along with during the rivers wash the lotus root section to rear lotus root section collection storehouse.
The invention has the following advantages:
the lotus root digging device adopts an innovative mechanical structure, and on the basis of the existing lotus root digging machine jet flow type lotus root digging technology, the mud layer is flushed to expose lotus roots in a mode that the harvesting harrow sprays water by the high-pressure water gun on the harvesting harrow when the row teeth rotate to a certain angle of the axial end face of the limiting water pipe. And then the lotus root segments are lifted out of the water surface by the rotation of the harvesting harrow. And the harvesting rake is covered with a layer of flexible rubber, so that the surface of the lotus roots is protected from collision damage in the harvesting process, and the lotus roots can be collected by the staggered rake structure and finally flushed to the harvesting bin for collection. The mechanical structure can prevent the lotus roots from being damaged in a large area during digging, so that the appearance is not influenced during subsequent selling and eating. And this mechanical structure has not only accomplished the excavation of lotus root, and can collect the lotus root section, thereby people's work load when having reduced the lotus root greatly, the comprehensive automation that the lotus root was gathered has been realized, the work efficiency who digs the lotus root has been improved greatly, let people need not consume too much physical power at the in-process that the lotus root was gathered, only need will collect the lotus root transportation in the storehouse go to the shore can, very big liberation the labour, do not need the manual work to operate again and dig the lotus root machine, loaded down with trivial details step when can not more appear digging in the past by hand, the problem of present automation that the automation is dug the lotus root equipment degree of automation not high and still need the manual collection lotus root has been solved.
The lotus root digging device has the advantages that the harvesting harrow can rotate, compared with the prior art that the high-pressure water gun swings up and down to wash away silt on the surfaces of lotus roots, the harvesting harrow has the function of washing out the lotus roots buried in the silt, can clean the silt on the surfaces of the lotus roots once, is good in cleaning effect, and has a suspended structure, so that the dug-out lotus root sections can be filtered for the first time, attached impurities are removed, and the lotus root sections can be collected. The traditional harvesting device has the characteristics of multiple devices and complex structure, and the lotus root planting field can be damaged due to the complexity of the structure, so that the situation that the planting field cannot be continuously planted due to the damage caused by lotus root digging can be avoided, and the multiple functions are integrated, so that on one hand, the ecological environment of a lotus root pond is well protected, and the loss of lotus root harvesting by farmers is reduced to the minimum; on the other hand digs the function collection of lotus root in an organic whole with the tradition, accomplishes the whole process of gathering of lotus root through a device, great saving dig the cost of manufacture of lotus root equipment, improved and adopted the lotus root efficiency, reduced the volume of digging the lotus root equipment, conveniently dig the lotus root equipment and be applicable to more topography, and do not need the people to go the operation, solved present automation and dig the problem that lotus root equipment size is big, the structure is complicated, excavation effect is not good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the working range of a high-pressure water gun of the harvesting rake;
wherein: 1-harvesting rake, 2-damping teeth, 3-high pressure water gun, 4-rotating shaft wheel, 5-collecting bin, 6-diesel engine, 7-inflation air cushion, 8-water pump pipeline, 9-staggered tooth rake, 10-buffering water gun, 11-filter screen, 12-power water gun, 13-water pump and 14-water inlet.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further concretely explained by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1-2, the automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device comprises a high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform, a water flow flushing belt, a lotus root section collecting bin and a ship body, wherein the high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform is positioned at the front end of the ship body and comprises a rotary shaft wheel 4 arranged at the front end of the ship body and a plurality of rows of harvesting harrows 1 which are circumferentially and vertically connected to the rotary shaft wheel, a plurality of harrows are arranged on each row of harvesting harrows at intervals, a high-pressure water gun 3 is arranged at the top ends of the harrows and is used for flushing a sludge layer, the water flow flushing belt is arranged in the middle of the ship body, a plurality of staggered harrows 9 are arranged between the water flow flushing belt and the rotary shaft wheel 4, the staggered harrows 9 are staggered with the harrows of harrows 1, the rotation of the harvesting harrows cannot be interfered when the harvesting harrows 1 rotate, one end of the staggered harrows 9 close to the rotary shaft wheel inclines upwards, be equipped with a plurality of buffering squirts 10 near rivers scouring band one end afterbody for wash the lotus root section that falls into on the rivers scouring band, rivers scouring band rear is for collecting storehouse 5, is used for collecting along with rivers scouring to the lotus root section at hull rear.
The harvesting harrow 1 comprises six rows which are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, eleven harrow teeth are arranged on each row, the length of each harrow tooth is 60cm, a plurality of damping teeth 2 are arranged on each harrow tooth, and the distance between every two adjacent damping teeth is 10cm, so that the displacement of the exposed lotus root sections is conveniently limited in the lotus root digging process, and the lotus root sections can be separated from a mud pond with adhesive force. The harvesting harrow is covered with a layer of flexible rubber to protect the surface of the lotus root from being damaged by collision in the harvesting process.
The total length of the ship body is 250cm, the width is 220cm, an inflatable air cushion 7 is arranged on the side of the ship body and used for providing buoyancy, the ship body and a device on the ship can float on the water surface, two sides of the rear end of the ship body are respectively provided with a small low-pressure water pump for spraying water flow to the rear, moving power for advancing and steering is provided for the ship body, two sides of the front end of the ship body are respectively provided with a diesel engine 6 and a water pump 13, an output shaft of the diesel engine 6 is meshed with a rotating shaft wheel 4 through a bevel gear, rotating power is provided for the rotating shaft wheel 4, a water pumping pipe of the water pump 13 extends to the water below the water surface, lake water or pond water is pumped through a mesh filter opening, a water outlet of the water pump 13 is connected to a limiting water pipe positioned in the middle of the rotating shaft wheel 4 through a water pump pipeline 8, and then is communicated with a water pipe in the harvesting rake 1, and high-pressure water gun 3 on the harvesting rake 1 is provided with high-pressure water flow. The spacing water pipe only when the harrow of gathering by with the horizontal plane downward vertical motion to forward level (towards hull front end direction of advance) position, this 90 within range intervals, with gather on the harrow high-pressure squirt intercommunication, provide high-pressure rivers, wash out the mud layer through spraying the lotus root section of high-pressure rivers in with the pond.
The bottom of the water flow scouring section on the boat body is provided with a metal filter screen 11 so that the sludge flushed on the lotus root section can be precipitated to the pond.
Collect storehouse 5 for suspending in the box structure of the surface of water, its one side towards rivers scouring belt has the opening, the lotus root section is collected and is connected through the couple between storehouse and the hull, gather the stage at the lotus root section, collect the storehouse and remove along with the hull together, after lotus root section loads rated load in collecting the storehouse, can manually or through long-range electric control collection storehouse and hull unhook, the collection storehouse of unhook floats in the surface of water, wait for artifical the collection, storehouse and hull couple link up are collected to a new lotus root section reuse, continue to gather.
Dislocation tine harrow 9 has ten, it is close to rotatory arbor wheel one end 45 of upwards inclining for catch follow the rotatory lotus root of adopting the bench to drop of high-pressure rivers and make it roll and fall rivers and erode the section, buffering squirt 10 is by providing low pressure rivers from the water pipe that spacing water pipe derived, buffering squirt 10 is including just to four water jets in collection storehouse, each water jet sprays to middle slope about wherein, the rivers that erupt are directed to the lotus root section of rolling and are washed, wash lotus root section silt, and along with during the rivers wash the lotus root section to rear lotus root section collection storehouse 5.
The specific process of harvesting lotus root segments by utilizing the device is as follows:
after the device is started, a battery in an inflatable air cushion 7 at the rear end of a ship body supplies power to a built-in motor of a water suction pump 13 and a built-in motor of a power water gun 12 on a small low-pressure water pump at the rear end of the ship body, and the power water gun 12 on the small low-pressure water pump at the rear end of the ship body sprays water to provide power to push the ship body to move forward. Meanwhile, a motor arranged in a water suction pump 13 in the middle of the ship body provides pumping hydraulic power, a water suction pipe pumps water, and the water flows to a water pump pipeline 8 through the water suction pump 13 and then flows to a limiting water pipe at the rotating shaft wheel 4 of the high-pressure water flow rotary harvesting platform, when a certain row of harvesting harrows rotates to be in a range of 270-360 degrees with the horizontal plane of the advancing direction of the ship body, the channels of water spraying holes in the row of harvesting harrows are communicated with the limiting water pipe and allow water flow to circulate, and the high-pressure water flow flows to a high-pressure water gun 3 at the top end of the harvesting harrows 1 and then is ejected out, and a mud layer is flushed away, so that lotus roots are exposed.
And step two, the harvesting harrow 1 rotates at a certain angular speed, and after contacting the exposed lotus root sections, the damping teeth linearly arranged on the harvesting harrow 1 abut against the lotus root sections and lift the lotus root sections out of the water surface. At the moment, the surface of the lotus root is washed for the first time by water flow jetted by a high-pressure water gun at the top of the harvesting harrow 1, and partial silt on the lotus root is washed away. After the harvesting harrow 1 drives the lotus roots to rotate to an angle of 90 degrees above, the lotus root sections fall onto the staggered toothed harrow 9 inclined by 45 degrees at the rear and roll to the rear water flow scouring belt.
And step three, after the lotus root sections fall on the water flow scouring belt, the lotus root sections are scoured by four buffering water guns 10 which are just opposite to the collecting bin on the water flow scouring belt, the rolled lotus root sections are directionally washed by water sprayed by the lotus root sections, sludge on the surfaces of the lotus root sections is washed for the second time, the sludge and stones on the surfaces of the lotus root sections can be filtered out through a filter screen 11 below the water flow scouring belt, and the lotus root sections can be flushed backwards along with the forward impact water flow action of the ship body and the buffering water guns until the lotus root sections enter the collecting bin 5.
And step four, conveying the lotus root sections to a lotus root section collecting bin along with water flow, unhooking the joint of the ship body and the collecting bin after the collecting bin reaches rated load, separating the collecting bin from the ship body, floating in a lotus root field, waiting for collection by workers, hooking the collecting bin with the ship body before the next lotus root section collecting bin, and continuously working the device.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an automatic lotus root harvesting and storage device which characterized in that: storehouse and hull are collected including rotatory platform, the rivers flushing belt of gathering of high-pressure rivers, lotus root section, the rotatory platform of gathering of high-pressure rivers is located the hull front end, including setting up the rotating shaft wheel at the hull front end, with a plurality of rows circumference connect perpendicularly in the epaxial harrow of gathering of rotating shaft, every row is gathered and is gone up the interval and set up many rake teeth, and the rake teeth top is equipped with high-pressure squirt, the hull middle part is equipped with the rivers flushing belt, is equipped with a plurality of dislocation tine harrows between rivers flushing belt and the rotating shaft wheel, and the setting of staggering of rake teeth on dislocation tine harrow and the harrow of gathering, dislocation tine harrow is close to rotating shaft wheel one end tilt up, is equipped with a plurality of cushions near rivers flushing belt one end afterbody, and rivers flushing belt rear is for collecting the storehouse for collect along with rivers and flush the lotus root section of brushing the hull rear.
2. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the harvesting harrow comprises six rows which are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, eleven harrow teeth are arranged on each row, the length of each harrow tooth is 60cm, a plurality of damping teeth are arranged on each harrow tooth, and the distance between every two adjacent damping teeth is 10 cm.
3. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the harvesting harrow is covered with a layer of flexible rubber.
4. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the hull side is equipped with aerifys the air cushion, and hull rear end both sides respectively are equipped with a small-size low pressure water pump and to the back jet stream, for the hull provides the motion power that advances and turn to, and hull front end both sides are equipped with diesel engine and suction pump respectively, diesel engine's output shaft and rotatory arbor wheel pass through the bevel gear meshing, provide rotary power for the rotatory arbor wheel, the drinking-water pipe of suction pump extends to under the surface of water, extracts lake water or pond water through netted straining port, and the delivery port of suction pump passes through water pump pipe connection to the spacing water pipe that is located rotatory arbor wheel middle part, and then communicates the interior water pipe of harrow of gathering, provides high-pressure rivers for gathering the harrow on the high-pressure squirt.
5. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 4, wherein: the limiting water pipe is communicated with a high-pressure water gun on the harvesting harrow to provide high-pressure water flow only when the harvesting harrow vertically moves downwards to a horizontal position from the horizontal surface.
6. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the total length of the ship body is 250cm, and the width of the ship body is 220 cm.
7. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: and a metal filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the water flow scouring section.
8. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the lotus root section collecting bin is of a box-type structure suspending on the water surface, an opening is formed in one surface of the lotus root section collecting bin facing the water flow flushing belt, and the lotus root section collecting bin is connected with the ship body through a hook.
9. The automatic harvesting and storage device of lotus roots according to claim 1, wherein: the dislocation tine harrow has ten, and its one end that is close to the rotating shaft wheel upwards inclines 45, the buffering squirt includes just to four water jet in the collection storehouse, and wherein each water jet inclines to the centre and sprays about the right side.
CN202110692661.5A 2021-06-22 2021-06-22 Automatic lotus root harvesting and storing device Active CN113303080B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114467465A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-05-13 三峡大学 Houttuynia cordata harvesting and cleaning all-in-one machine for paddy field and harvesting method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203902797U (en) * 2014-04-17 2014-10-29 安徽理工大学 Boat special for harvesting lotus roots
CN108040575A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-05-18 贾杨博 A kind of lotus root digging harvester of adjustable draft
CN207443471U (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-06-05 云南黄泥塘藕业科技开发有限责任公司 Lotus rhizome combined harvester
CN108901305A (en) * 2018-09-28 2018-11-30 安徽在天生态农业开发有限公司 A kind of association type lotus rhizome harvesting is mechanical
CN110447383A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 张建立 A kind of full-automatic lotus root digging harvester

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203902797U (en) * 2014-04-17 2014-10-29 安徽理工大学 Boat special for harvesting lotus roots
CN207443471U (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-06-05 云南黄泥塘藕业科技开发有限责任公司 Lotus rhizome combined harvester
CN108040575A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-05-18 贾杨博 A kind of lotus root digging harvester of adjustable draft
CN108901305A (en) * 2018-09-28 2018-11-30 安徽在天生态农业开发有限公司 A kind of association type lotus rhizome harvesting is mechanical
CN110447383A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 张建立 A kind of full-automatic lotus root digging harvester

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114467465A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-05-13 三峡大学 Houttuynia cordata harvesting and cleaning all-in-one machine for paddy field and harvesting method

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