CN1132961A

CN1132961A - Single-phase induction motor and refrigerator using single-phase induction motor

Info

Publication number: CN1132961A
Application number: CN95116930A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 泽野修二; 小西广繁; 八木邦彦; 川口进; 望月哲载; 吉野泰弘; 足达威则; 原川信义
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 1994-08-31
Filing date: 1995-08-31
Publication date: 1996-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2015-08-31
Also published as: CN1038378C; GB2292847A; SG54971A1; GB9516541D0; HK1000503A1; GB2292847B; JPH08126363A; JP3126895B2

Abstract

A single phase induction motor comprises a main winding, an auxiliary winding forming different electrical angles with the main winding, a starting capacitance connected with the auxiliary winding by a starting relay, a plurality of mutual capacitances connected with the starting capacitance in parallel, a relay connected with and disconnected with the mutual capacitance and a controller which closes the relay when the motor power is turned off. The single phase induction motor of the invention overcomes the problem of the prior art, especially that every time the mutual capacitance is connected or disconnected, heavy current passes through a relay contact. The single phase induction motor can also clear the electric arc. According to the single phase induction motor of the invention, a high-efficiency motor can work with a great starting torque.

Description

The refrigerator of single phase induction motor and use single phase induction motor

The present invention relates to the method for single phase induction motor, a kind of control single phase induction motor that is used for compressor and use the refrigerator of this motor or air conditioner or/and other electric equipment.

In accompanying drawing, Figure 13 is a circuit diagram that is used for disclosing as uncensored Japan Patent the common compressor driving arrangement of this device of the disclosed air conditioner of clear 64-29682.This circuit is used for the electric capacity 2 of underload, electric capacity that is used for high load capacity 3, a change over switch 4 and a starter relay 5 by 1, one on a compressor (motor) and constitutes.Change over switch is transformed into another electric capacity from an electric capacity.Starter relay is only worked during to connecting terminal 5a at starting compressor 1.

The work of this traditional compressor driving arrangement may be described with reference to Figure 14.

When starting compressor 1, the terminal voltage of electric capacity is low, cause the contact 5a closure of starter relay 5, at this moment electric capacity 2 and electric capacity 3 are in parallel with the auxiliary winding of compressor 1, thereby obtain a very big starting torque (torque curve of use starting capacitance is shown in Figure 14).Therefore, although initial load is very high, compressor start.

When the rotating speed of compressor increased, the terminal voltage of electric capacity also raise.The place, working point of relay 5 shown in Figure 14, contact 5a is opened.Then, has only mutual capacitance work (seeing the torque curve that uses mutual capacitance among Figure 14).At this moment, according to the load of compressor 1, change over switch 4 is changed between electric capacity.When the load of compressor hangs down, electric capacity 2 is used as mutual capacitance and electric capacity 3 is used as starting capacitance.On the contrary, when the load of compressor is high, electric capacity 3 is used as mutual capacitance and electric capacity 2 is used as starting capacitance.Like this, switch transition makes the compression function drive with enough starting torques and very high operating efficiency.

The structure of common compressor driving arrangement produces following point:

1. when the amount of torque during compressor start and the routine work has marked difference, electric capacity 2 is used as mutual capacitance and electric capacity 3 is used as starting capacitance.Yet, at higher load condition electric capacity 3 is used as mutual capacitance, because the capacitance of electric capacity 3 is too big, the efficient that provides is very low.

2. same, electric capacity 3 excessive capacity always cause the error that absolute capacitance value is bigger, and then cause the job insecurity of starter relay.

3. each time when electric capacity 2 and electric capacity 3 are converted, one to the big electric current of the mutual capacitance charging contact by change over switch 4.And the electric arc that big electric current produces reduces the life-span of contact significantly, and the reinforcement of contact needs very high expense.

Therefore, main purpose of the present invention is to overcome these problems relevant with prior art.According to the present invention, a kind of single phase induction motor is provided, and it comprises that a main winding, one and main winding are mounted to the auxiliary winding of different electrical degrees, a plurality of mutual capacitances that are connected with auxiliary winding, one and connect and disconnect the relay of mutual capacitance and one and have only the controller that just makes relay closes when the power supply of motor is cut off.

The present invention also provides a kind of method of controlling single phase induction motor, and this motor has a main winding, one and main winding to be mounted to the auxiliary winding of different electrical degrees, a plurality of electric capacity that are connected with auxiliary winding, one to connect and disconnect the relay of mutual capacitance and one and have only the controller that just makes relay closes when the power supply of motor is cut off.

The present invention can use with compressor, for example is used for refrigerator.It can use all electric capacity also can select best electric capacity according to the size of load with very big starting torque starting compressor.

In one embodiment, deenergization is possible when abnormal conditions occurring, and makes all electric capacity can produce maximum starting torque when resetting.

The non-limiting embodiments of being lifted in conjunction with the drawings, present invention will be further described, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the single phase induction motor of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the viewgraph of cross-section of a refrigerator, and this refrigerator comprises the single phase induction motor of the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of the single phase induction motor of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 9 represents the output voltage of the current detector of the embodiment of the invention 2.

Figure 10 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Figure 11 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 5.

Figure 12 is the flow chart of the refrigerator control program of the expression embodiment of the invention 6.

Figure 13 is the circuit diagram of traditional compressor driving arrangement.

Figure 14 is the characteristic of the traditional single phase induction motor of expression.

Embodiment 1

Embodiment 1 will provide the groundwork of refrigerator.This refrigerator comprises the driven compressor equipment of using single phase induction motor of the present invention.This single phase induction motor has three electric capacity: a starting capacitance and two mutual capacitances, they are the control of controlled device all.When starting compressor, utilize three all electric capacity to obtain maximum starting torque.Then, in order to ensure higher operating efficiency, use in two mutual capacitances or two mutual capacitance, this depends primarily on the live load of compressor.

Because a big electric current produces electric arc by the contact, particularly when connecting mutual capacitance, has only when compressor is in halted state just closure of contact.

Referring now to Fig. 1, compressor 1 comprises a motor.Compressor 1 comprises a main winding 1a and an auxiliary winding 1b.A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor 5 makes starting capacitance 6 link to each other with the auxiliary winding 1b of compressor when compressor start.First mutual capacitance 7 is with the PTC thermistor and starting capacitance is in parallel and keep work when load reaches stable state.When uprising, load will add through the contact of relay 4 4a second mutual capacitance 8 in parallel with first mutual capacitance.The work of controller 10 control compressors 1.Temperature sensor 11 detects the temperature of cooler (not shown).Relay 12 is switched on or switched off power of compressor by its contact 12a.Discharge resistance 13 makes second mutual capacitance discharge when relay contact 4a is opened.

Fig. 2 represents the refrigerator viewgraph of cross-section with driven compressor equipment of the present invention.In Fig. 2, refrigerator main body 100 has a refrigerating chamber 101 that is positioned on the refrigerating chamber 102.The fan 103 that is used for circulate cold air is made up of blade and motor.By motor-driven air damper 104, this air damper is regulated the cold air amount that flows into refrigerating chamber, thereby makes it to remain on suitable temperature.A cooler (evaporator) 105 is provided in refrigerating chamber.Provide a heater 106 to make cooler 105 defrostings.

In the bottom of main body compressor 1 is installed.Near cooler 105, be provided with temperature sensor 11 and play the defrosting thermometer.

With reference to the flow chart among Fig. 3, second control operation of refrigerator is discussed at first.

In 200 steps, read temperature data from refrigerating chamber and refrigerating chamber, temperature sensor 11 is as a defrosting thermistor.In 201 steps, check whether cooler is defrosted then.Automatically detect or the operator defrosts with an independent subprogram (not shown) starting when asking in response.Determine to continue defrosting or stop defrosting according to the temperature that the temperature sensor 11 of cooler 105 is read.In 203 steps heater 106 is set and connects, continue defrosting; In 204 steps heater is set and disconnects, finish defrosting.Then, working procedure to 213 step, the temperature of using air damper 104 to regulate refrigerating chamber.If do not defrost, whether determine the needs compressor operating according to the temperature of refrigerating chamber at 205 steps places in 201 steps.When the temperature of refrigerating chamber is high, needs compressor operating and allow compressor operating (see and forbid that working mark K is low), if compressor 1 and fan electromotor 103 all less than work, then 206 steps the place with they startings, prevent to start the timer zero clearing.In 208 steps compressor operating sign F being set is 1 to show that compressor moves.When the temperature of refrigerating chamber is low or becomes when low, compressor 1 and fan electromotor 103 209 steps the place be stopped, forbid that working mark K is changed to 1, compressor operating sign F is clearly zero, putting and preventing to start timer TM is 10 minutes.The setting of forbidding working mark K reaches 10 minutes and can prevent too frequent operation of compressor.After 10 minutes, go on foot forbidding that working mark K is clearly zero 212.

In 213 to 215 steps,, make refrigerator remain on suitable temperature by motor-driven air damper work.

Said procedure periodically reruns, and for example, per minute all makes refrigerator be in slave mode.

The detailed operation situation of driven compressor equipment (particularly 205 of Fig. 3,206,208 and 209 steps) will be further described with reference to the flow chart of figure 4.

21 steps place in Fig. 4 determines whether compressor 1 is in halted state (zero setting of compressor operating sign).If be in halted state, according to temperature request work (in 22 steps).Whether compressor is ready to starting, at first will could determine after 23 steps place checks to forbid working mark.When it is when being in starting state, relay contact 4a closure, in parallel all three

electric capacity

6,7 and 8 are for starting compressor is got ready.The working mark of compressor 1 also is changed to 1.After 1 second,, be the starting compressor energized in the 27 steps relay contact 12a of place closure.Like this, when down circuitry, relay contact 4a action.

Starting capacitance 6 and the

mutual capacitance

7 and 8 in parallel with the auxiliary winding of compressor 1 will help compressor to obtain very high starting torque, and therefore, although high initial load is arranged, compressor also can be started.Simultaneously, electric current also flows through the PTC thermistor.When its resistance when Curie point becomes infinity, starting capacitance 6 will disconnect from auxiliary winding, surplus two mutual capacitances 7 are connected with 8.(whether this time depends primarily on defrosting and take place) need disconnect electric capacity 8 behind the certain hour.So,, pick up counting from compressor 1 starting in 28 steps.Then, went on foot for 30 steps, under the situation of finishing defrosting, consider the high load capacity of compressor, 2 minutes (T 29 ₁) after, relay contact 4a will disconnect, or in other cases 2 second (T ₂) after, mutual capacitance 7 is only arranged when making compressor 1 work.Work as compression, the working mark of machine 1 is defined as at 1 o'clock in 21 steps (for example compressor is in work), and the work of whether asking will be depended on the temperature in 26 steps, and then, in 27 steps, relay contact 12a remains closed, to the compressor power supply, and as above-mentioned work.

When 26 steps places compressor is being worked but do not had work request, the relay contact 12a of place disconnects in 34 steps, thereby disconnects power of compressor, and the working mark of putting compressor 1 is zero.After 1 second kind (S35), in 36 steps, relay contact 4a disconnects, thereby does not waste the electric energy of relay coil 4.Go wrong for fear of the contact, preferably after electric capacity 7 and electric capacity 8 discharges, relay contact 4a is opened.This be because, open relay contact 12a after relay contact 4a open.

Yet, shown in the flow chart of Fig. 5,, also can at first open relay contact 4a by exchange with

step

34 and 36.

Torque according to the operating state of refrigerator control compressor 1 can make compressor with high efficiency and big starting torque work.

And because have only when compressor 1 during in halted state, relay contact 4a is just closed, and big electric current will can not pass through relay contact 4a, can not produce electric arc yet.When compressor 1 and power connection, they were can be not closed when for example electric capacity 7 just had been recharged.

Embodiment 2

Second embodiment of the present invention to above-mentioned be similar, but have additional inspection and the ability of fixing a breakdown.If compressor starts stall, because a certain former thereby quit work, abnormal conditions is promptly detected, and compressor is disconnected power supply then.When sending work request again, according to the present invention, all electric capacity are connected, so that obtain maximum starting torque.

In Fig. 6, except current detector 9 (being called CT hereinafter) be used for the protective device 14 of compressor 1, the configuration of embodiment 2 is identical with embodiment 1.CT detects the electric current that flows through compressor 1.

In CT9, as Fig. 9 represented, the output voltage that is produced depended on the electric current that flows through compressor 1.According to output voltage, controller 10 stops or disconnecting the state of store compressed machine by (1) work, (2) stall or locking or (3).

Then, in 37 steps of Fig. 7, determine whether operate as normal during in relay contact 12a closure of compressor 1 by the electric current that detects at CT9 place.If detect any abnormal conditions, do further to check to determine whether these abnormal conditions are caused by stall or lock condition in 38 steps.If determine to be caused by stall or lock condition, relay contact 12a is opened, and the compressor operating sign becomes 0 from 1, puts and forbids that working mark K is 1.After 1 second, relay contact 4a is opened (34 to 36 step).If abnormal conditions are not caused by stall or lock condition, because relay contact 12a is in closure state, circuit must be to quit work for a certain reason at the somewhere disconnection or the compressor 1 that comprise compressor, and in this case, putting discontinuous sign D in 39 steps is 1.Then, in 34 to 36 steps, cut off the power supply of compressor 1.Disconnecting this power supply will be prior to the power supply that is disconnected by protective device 14.

In Fig. 7,34 the step open relay contact 12a after, 36 the step, also be opened by embodiment 1 described reason relay contact 4a.Yet, as shown in Figure 8, also can before opening relay contact 12a, open relay contact 4a.

During operation, when compressor 1 stall or become when locking for a certain reason, the current detecting abnormal conditions that controller 10 is measured according to CT9 place, and the power supply of cut-out compressor 1 are opened relay contact 4a.Work is when starting once more, and controller 10 at first makes relay contact 4a closure, just makes relay contact 12a closure then, and like this, compressor 1 permission that is connected with all electric capacity starts to work once more with very big starting torque once more.

If there is not CT9, and can not carry out control operation, the protective device 14 final power supplys that disconnect compressors 1 under the situation of stall or locking condition at the CT9 shown in Fig. 7 or 8.If the situation of stall or locking condition occurs in after relay contact 4a is opened, after resuming work, relay contact 4a stays open state when protective device is connected power of compressor once more.Therefore, only have starting capacitance 6 and mutual capacitance 7 to work when starting, the starting torque that obtains thus is not enough.

Embodiment 3

The detection that shunt resistance or vibrating sensor can be used to replace current detector CT9 in the above-mentioned embodiment and proof can carry out equivalence to the operating state of compressor 1.

Embodiment 4

Refer now to Figure 10, when the refrigerator plug is inserted supply socket, survey the temperature of evaporator 105 by temperature sensor 11.If temperature keeps below A degree Celsius in 1 hour, just open relay contact 4a (40 to 45 step), produce the effect as embodiment 1, wherein, determine the use of uniting of when height and underload

electric capacity

7 and 8 by the time cycle.Can judge the insertion time that goes on foot 40 by inserting mark P.Only when the refrigerator plug is inserted supply socket, put insertion and be masked as 1 by controller 10.When temperature in 1 hour keeps below A Celsius and spends, put to insert and be masked as zero in 46 steps.According to present embodiment, refrigerator can be with high torque (HT) continuous operation 1 hour, thereby guarantees can fully cool off when refrigerator inserts.

Embodiment 5

In above-mentioned, have this may: promptly the fault of CT9 causes controller to determine that improperly compressor is just in stall and cut off power of compressor.For fear of such false judgment, in the present embodiment,, thereby keep the refrigerator cooling as long as when detecting fault, there is request work just to check CT9 and to compressor power supply at the CT9 place.

Flow chart with reference to configuration and Figure 11 of figure 6 given proposes following embodiment 5.At 50 step periods, carry out fault detect at CT9.Although there is not electric current,, controller 10 just determines that fault takes place if receiving an ON (connection) signal.If the working mark that is in halted state and puts it at 21 step compressors 1 is zero, check the work of whether asking in 22 steps, if the working mark that is closed and puts compressor 1 at 24 step relay contact 4a is 1.After 1 second (S25), provide power supply at the closed compressor 1 of giving of 27 step relay contact 12a.

On the other hand, if be in running order and the working mark of putting it is 1, check the work of whether asking in 26 steps at 21 step compressors.When request work,, judge, before whole work request of compressor 1 have satisfied, still keep giving compressor and fan electromotor power supply owing to can not correctly make stall if detect abnormal conditions at 51 step CT9.

In 51 steps, if the CT9 operate as normal is checked stall in 52 steps.If detect stall in 53 steps, relay contact 12a is opened and the working mark of compressor 1 is changed to zero.After 1 second, relay contact 4a is opened, and cuts off the power supply (34 to 36 step) of compressor 1.

If detect fault, may make a wrong indication at 51 step CT9.The power supply of compressor 1 still keeps connecting after the stall even begin at it, might determine not to be compressor 1 but abnormal conditions appears in CT9.

In embodiment 5, even when detecting fault at the CT9 place, thereby it is inner and will keep do not judge stall before powering to compressor 1 to have satisfied the cooling refrigerator up to whole work request of compressor 1.Like this, the fault of CT9 will not hinder refrigerator work.

Can separate execution with the work among Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 or merge the serial execution in the work described in Figure 11.

Embodiment 6

With reference to the flow chart among Figure 12, below embodiment 6 will be described.If compressor 1 beginning stall, when its working mark was changed to 1, the power supply that stops to supply with compressor 1 was once counted 1 (S54) with the number of continuous stall.When supply power once more, if compressor begins stall once more, the power supply of supplying with compressor 1 is stopped once more after 10 minutes, and the number of stall is counted 2 (S55) continuously.At this moment controller 10 determines adding high load capacity.Therefore, after 10 minutes, when compressor 1 was reset, the work of high torque (HT) will extend to 30 minutes.If stall is recurred, when compressor 1 is reset, its high torque (HT) work is each as stall takes place will to prolong half an hour, until 2 hours (S56) after 10 minutes.

When compressor 1 normally stops its work, the number of continuous stall is set once more.Like this, high torque (HT) work can turn back to length normal time (57 and 58 step) when compressor 1 is reset next time.

Can be extended half an hour if recur the high torque (HT) work that the number of times of stall surpasses when compressor 1 is reset after twice, 10 minute,, thereby prevent compressor 1 continuous stall when its work starting until 2 hours.

Narrated several specific embodiment of the present invention, various changes, modification and improvement occurring by the those of ordinary skill in the technical field in the defined scope of the invention of following claim book is easily.

Claims

1. single phase induction motor, this motor comprises:

A main winding;

One is mounted to the auxiliary winding of different electrical degrees with main winding;

The a plurality of mutual capacitances that are connected with auxiliary winding;

The relay that can connect and disconnect mutual capacitance; With

One is had only the controller that just makes relay closes when the power supply of motor is cut off.

2. according to the single phase induction motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that a plurality of mutual capacitances are in parallel with a starting capacitance, this starting capacitance is connected with auxiliary winding through a switching device.

3. according to the individual event induction machine of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that when load had reduced after motor was started, relay disconnected a mutual capacitance at least.

4. according to the induction machine of claim 3, it is characterized in that, this motor comprises and first mutual capacitance of assisting winding to be connected and second mutual capacitance that is connected with auxiliary winding through relay, wherein, be used as an additional capacitor when motor second mutual capacitance when high load capacity is worked.

5. according to each single phase induction motor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, this motor also comprises: the current detector of detection streaming current in motor, wherein, controller cuts off the power supply of motor and opens relay when detector detects stall.

6. each individual event induction machine is characterized in that motor power just disconnects relay through one period scheduled time after disconnecting in requiring according to aforesaid right.

7. refrigerator that comprises driven compressor equipment, this equipment comprise in the claim 1 to 6 each single phase induction motor, and wherein, whole mutual capacitances are connected when electric motor starting.

8. according to the refrigerator of claim 7, it is characterized in that when the load of driven compressor equipment hanged down, the relay of connection and disconnection mutual capacitance was opened.

9. according to the refrigerator of claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, when the temperature of the evaporator of refrigerating chamber or refrigerator drops to when being lower than predetermined level, connect and the relay that disconnects mutual capacitance is opened.

10. according to claim 7,8 or 9 refrigerator, it is characterized in that, comprise a defrosting device, and wherein after defrosting is finished, be provided with longerly than the operate as normal phase during this period of time by what relay connected that time to the mutual capacitance of mutual capacitance is disconnected.

11. according to each refrigerator in the claim 7 to 10, when relevant with claim 5, further be included in the current detector place and detect the device of abnormal conditions, and wherein when current detector abnormal conditions occur, controller is not carried out the detection of compressor stall.

12. according to the refrigerator of claim 11, also comprise a cover setting device, this device is set one period time cycle that the each compressor stall of ratio is all grown between by relay connection and disconnection mutual capacitance.

13. method of controlling single phase induction motor, this single phase induction motor has a main winding, one and main winding and constitutes the auxiliary winding of different electrical degrees, a plurality of mutual capacitances that are connected with auxiliary winding, one and connect and disconnect the relay of mutual capacitance and the controller of a control relay, wherein, has only controller ability closing relay when the power supply of motor is cut off.

14. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, after motor had been reduced by starting, load, relay disconnected a mutual capacitance at least.

15. method according to claim 14, employed motor comprises and first mutual capacitance and second mutual capacitance that is connected with auxiliary winding through relay of assisting winding to link to each other, wherein, be connected as an additional capacitor when second mutual capacitance when the motor high load capacity is worked.

16. according to each method in the claim 13 to 16, comprise the electric current that detection is flowed in motor, when detector detects stall, cut off the power supply of motor and open relay.

17., wherein, just disconnect relay through one section preset time after the power supply of motor is cut off according to each method in the claim 13 to 16.

18. according to each method in the claim 13 to 17, it is characterized in that, connect all electric capacity of work when being included in electric motor starting.

19. according to each method in the claim 13 to 18, it is characterized in that wherein, motor is used as the compressor that drives refrigerator, and wherein drop to when being lower than predetermined level when the temperature of the evaporator of refrigerating chamber or refrigerator, connect and the relay that disconnects mutual capacitance is opened.

20. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, is provided with longerly than normal work period from the time that time to the mutual capacitance that is connected mutual capacitance by relay is disconnected after defrosting is finished.

21., it is characterized in that, when relevant, further be included in and detect abnormal conditions in the current detecting, and when abnormal conditions is detected, suspend and carry out compressor stall and survey with claim 17 according to each method in the claim 17 to 20.

22., comprise from relay being connected to one period time cycle that the each compressor stall of ratio is all grown of setting between the disconnection mutual capacitance according to the method for claim 21.

23. single phase induction motor, constituting described and work for example and according to above-mentioned in fact as accompanying drawing 1 to 12.

24. the method for control single phase induction motor, in fact as accompanying drawing 1 to 12 give an example and according to foregoing content.

25. a refrigerator comprises and uses compressors driven that constitute according to claim 23 or claim 24 control.