CN113293998A - Discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for high-density refrigeration machine room - Google Patents
Discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for high-density refrigeration machine room Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room. The preparation work of the prefabricating group comprises the step of preparing an assembly drawing and a prefabricating processing drawing, the preparation work of the bracket group comprises the step of preparing a bracket thumbnail drawing, and the assembly group is used for carrying out hoisting preparation. For the first batch of pipelines, the support group completes support manufacturing and installation, a processing plant of the prefabrication group transports the prefabricated pipelines to the site, the pipeline assembly group conducts pipeline installation of the machine room of the batch after acceptance check, the other two plates start next batch of operation during pipeline installation, and by analogy, three-line parallel construction is mutually matched to form flow operation, and parallel construction of three processes of pipeline prefabrication, support manufacturing and pipeline assembly is achieved. The method can improve the construction efficiency and greatly shorten the whole implementation period from high-precision BIM modeling to the completion of the installation of the machine room pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building electromechanical installation, and particularly relates to a discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room.
Background
Along with the progress of society, the development of the building industry tends to be more and more complicated, specialized and large-scale, higher requirements are provided for a building electromechanical system, and the traditional refrigeration machine room electromechanical installation belongs to labor intensive industry, low labor efficiency and severe field operation environment; meanwhile, the number of professional sub-packages is large, the process inserting difficulty is large, the number of restricted factors is large, and the potential safety hazard is large. Realizing building industrialization, the great development of assembly type buildings becomes the inevitable trend of building industry development,
at present, most of prefabricated assembly construction technologies are integrated assembly ideas, a refrigeration machine room is divided into a plurality of unit modules, each unit module integrates equipment, pipelines, pipeline accessories, a supporting system and the like, and the whole assembly, the whole transportation and the whole installation are carried out; the method is not limited by field structure conditions, although the construction period can be shortened and the quality can be improved, the method has the advantages that the module is too large and cannot enter a field when the machine room with densely arranged pipelines is narrow in inlet and outlet, the consumption of section steel is increased by the whole frame, and the cost is increased while the dense hoisting of the pipelines is difficult. There are also projects that try to prefabricate parts into the field for installation, and the field construction period is relatively long.
Chinese patent publication No. CN112651067A discloses a prefabricated machine room assembly construction method and system based on BIM, the method includes creating a refrigeration machine room BIM model, deepening the refrigeration machine room BIM model to obtain a refrigeration machine room deepened BIM model, modularly splitting the refrigeration machine room deepened BIM model to obtain a plurality of prefabricated modules, drawing prefabricated processing drawings based on the plurality of prefabricated modules, sending the prefabricated processing drawings and corresponding material lists to factories for processing, generating digital marks of the processing modules, and guiding transportation, acceptance and field installation of the modules according to the digital marks of the processing modules. The system comprises a BIM model establishing module, a BIM model deepening module, a BIM model splitting module, a prefabricated drawing module and a two-dimensional code generating module. By adopting the modular machine room assembly construction technology, the invention can effectively shorten the construction period of the machine room installation project, comprehensively improve the on-site production efficiency and the construction quality, and has important application value. The refrigerator room is also divided into a plurality of unit modules (namely prefabricated modules), and each prefabricated module integrates equipment, pipelines, pipeline accessories, a supporting system and the like; although the assembly efficiency is improved, the construction period can be shortened, the assembly difficulty is higher and the cost is higher for a machine room with densely arranged pipelines.
The existing prefabrication and assembling mode has the following limitations:
1) the aim of accelerating the field installation period is fulfilled, but the pertinence is poor when the overall period from deepening design to prefabrication and assembling to field installation is short due to later drawing change or equipment parameter determination;
2) prefabricating in a single processing plant, wherein when the workload of a machine room is large, the prefabrication progress is severely limited by the capacity of the processing plant;
3) the integrated deployment is not carried out, the idea is a serial mode of deep design, prefabrication and assembly in a processing field and transportation to the field for installation, and the overall construction period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room, aiming at the problems in the prior art. On the basis of high-precision modeling, a discrete prefabricating mode is adopted to reduce field welding and overhead operation, a machine room pipeline is split into a plurality of groups of small pipe sections, and a plurality of processing plants are assigned to perform prefabrication simultaneously according to engineering quantity and capacity. After painting and coding, the products are transported to the site in batches for assembly. The whole machine room construction is divided into a prefabrication group, a support group and an assembly group, each group is independently provided with technologies and constructors, the technologies and the constructors are implemented in parallel according to a deduction scheme, and the assembly group is behind the prefabrication group and the support group by one batch to form flow line operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a high-precision BIM model of the machine room;
s2, performing construction deduction according to the BIM model of the machine room;
s3, dividing the machine room implementing personnel into a prefabrication group, a support group and an assembly group, wherein the prefabrication group and the support group are required to be equipped with deepened designers besides constructors; three groups independently carry out subsequent drawing and preparation work;
s4, prefabricating the first batch of pipelines by the prefabricating group, and manufacturing brackets for mounting the first batch of pipelines in the machine room by the bracket group; the preparation group and the bracket group are carried out simultaneously;
s5, installing a first batch of pipelines in the machine room after the assembly group is accepted, and simultaneously starting prefabrication and bracket manufacturing and installation of a second batch of pipelines respectively by the prefabrication group and the bracket group, and constructing according to the sequence until the pipeline installation of the last batch is completed; in the construction process, the prefabricated group and the support group are assembled in advance and grouped into a batch;
s6, after the upper pipeline is installed, installing the equipment in a subarea mode according to a construction deduction sequence;
s7, mounting a vertical pipeline to complete connection of the vertical pipeline and equipment;
and S8, performing pressure test flushing on the pipeline.
The invention discloses a discrete prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room, which is characterized in that after high-precision modeling and construction deduction of the refrigeration machine room are completed, the machine room is divided into three plates, namely a pipe section prefabrication group, a support group and a pipe section assembly group, in a distributed mode, personnel are independently arranged in each part, and construction is carried out according to batch division after corresponding preparation work is synchronously started. The preparation work of the prefabricating group comprises the step of preparing an assembly drawing and a prefabricating processing drawing, the preparation work of the bracket group comprises the step of preparing a bracket thumbnail drawing, and the assembly group is used for carrying out hoisting preparation. For the first batch of pipelines, the support group completes support manufacturing and installation, a processing plant of the prefabrication group transports the prefabricated pipelines to the site, the pipeline assembly group performs the installation of the pipelines of the machine room of the batch after acceptance check, the other two plates (the prefabrication group and the support group) start the next batch of operation at the same time of pipeline installation, and by analogy, three-line parallel construction is mutually matched to form flow line operation, and the parallel construction of three processes of pipeline prefabrication, support manufacturing and installation and pipeline assembly is realized. The machine room is installed in a discrete prefabricating mode, and pipelines and pipe fittings are prefabricated by discrete parts and are prefabricated and produced by a plurality of processing plants according to the engineering quantity and the productivity. The method can improve the construction efficiency and greatly shorten the whole implementation period from high-precision BIM modeling to the completion of the installation of the machine room pipeline.
Preferably, the method adopting distributed construction comprises the following steps: introducing a distributed concept, dividing machine room projects which need a large amount of deep design, pipeline welding and high-altitude operation into three parts of factory prefabrication, bracket installation and pipeline assembly, wherein the three parts are mutually matched and are constructed in parallel; the method comprises the steps of carrying out support manufacturing and installation on the site, carrying out first batch of prefabricated pipelines in a processing plant, transporting the first batch of prefabricated pipelines to the site for assembly when the first batch of supports are installed completely, carrying out second batch of prefabricated pipelines at the same time, analogizing so as to form flow process, and achieving parallel construction of three processes of prefabrication of the pipelines, support manufacturing and pipeline assembly.
Preferably, the discrete prefabrication method is as follows: pipelines and pipe fittings are entered by adopting spare parts and are simultaneously prefabricated by a plurality of processing plants according to the engineering quantity and the productivity; after receiving the deduction scheme, the prefabrication group scientifically segments the machine room models according to batches, issues prefabricated processing drawings and assembly drawings, performs prefabricated pipeline distribution after the drawings are checked, performs prefabrication of local pipelines and pipe fittings which are cut and can use large automatic welding quantity by a processing plant with high automation degree, and performs prefabrication of pipelines and supports which are not suitable for automatic welding by other processing plants or direct extraterrestrial prefabrication.
Specifically, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, modeling electromechanical pipelines, valves, units, heat preservation and supports in the machine room, and establishing equipment and pipeline family libraries;
s12, arranging a bracket in the model, and carrying out stress simulation analysis on the bracket;
s13, rechecking the building structure, actually measuring actual size of the machine room building, feeding the measured actual size back to the machine room BIM in the form of three-dimensional data, obtaining errors of the machine room building and the BIM through comparison, and adjusting the BIM of the machine room according to the errors;
and S14, performing fine modeling on the equipment valve, and performing fine modeling on the equipment, the valve and the pipe fitting in the machine room according to the real object size to obtain a module library.
Specifically, in step S2, a construction deduction is performed on the machine room construction, the overall deployment is determined, the installation sequence of the pipeline and the equipment is determined, the hoisting mode of the pipeline and the equipment is determined, and the transportation route is determined; and the construction deduction and the refined adjustment of the machine room model are synchronously carried out.
Further, the hoisting mode of the pipeline is as follows: determining integrally hoisted pipe sections and single-section installed pipe sections according to the pipeline density and the construction difficulty; the method is characterized in that an integral installation mode is adopted for pipe sections with dense pipelines and suitable for integral lifting, and a single-section installation mode is adopted for pipe sections with sparse pipelines or unsuitable for integral lifting.
Further, the installation sequence follows the principle of construction from inside to outside, from high to low, from dense to sparse, from heavy to slow and from layer to layer.
Specifically, in step S3, the deepening and preparation work of each group is performed simultaneously: the prefabricating group carries out pipeline segmentation, and provides an assembly drawing and a prefabricating processing drawing; the bracket group is used for verifying the bracket and providing a bracket thumbnail; the assembly group carries out guide rail and hoisting point installation in advance according to construction deduction.
Further, the pipeline sections follow the following principle:
the welded junctions of the pipe sections in the machine room are reduced as much as possible;
avoiding the presence of extended members in all three dimensions of the pipe section;
difference adjusting sections which can be adjusted in three directions are reserved between the pump set and the water chilling unit in the machine room;
the pipe section meets the size of a hoisting hole;
the pipe section meets the size of a transport vehicle and a transport passage.
Specifically, in steps S4 and S5, the prefabrication of the pipeline is performed in a spare part prefabrication manner, so that a longer pipeline is welded in a processing plant as much as possible without affecting transportation and hoisting, the field operation amount is reduced, and each spare part pipe section is connected by a flange.
Specifically, prefabrication and installation of the pipeline are respectively carried out according to a pipeline machining drawing and an assembly drawing, the machining drawing and the assembly drawing are manufactured by means of revit software, and the machining drawing and the assembly drawing are obtained by partitioning and segmenting a BIM model of a machine room.
Furthermore, each of the processing drawing and the assembly drawing comprises three views and a perspective view, and material information and coding information of the pipe section are marked in the drawings. The processing plant is convenient to prefabricate. And during drawing, a three-dimensional visual angle is adopted as much as possible, the specific position of the pipe section in the machine room is marked, whether integral splicing and hoisting are needed or not is judged, and the position of the support and the code of each pipe section are displayed.
Specifically, in step S6, the partition of the device is performed according to the device type and size; when the equipment is installed, the transportation and installation modes of each equipment are determined, and then the chain block, the guide rail or the ground tank is used for transporting or hoisting the equipment.
Specifically, in step S7, when the pipeline is pressure-tested and flushed, the temporary bypass pipe and the temporary filter are used to replace the formal bypass pipe and filter for system testing, and after the temporary bypass pipe and the temporary filter pass the system test, the formal pipe section with the same length is directly disassembled and replaced. The equipment is protected from being polluted by impurities, and rework is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention uses the discrete prefabrication measure to split the pipe of the machine room into the small pipe fittings, distributes the main cutting and welding work to a plurality of processing plants according to the project amount and the productivity, and adopts flange connection after the pipe enters the field for prefabrication processing, thereby facilitating the quality control; the field welding and the high-altitude operation are reduced, and the construction safety risk is reduced; and light pollution, noise pollution and welding gas pollution on a construction site are reduced. Because the single-batch prefabrication period is short, multiple batches of small-volume quick prefabrication and transportation can be realized, the on-site waiting period is reduced, the discrete prefabrication is small pipe sections, the space utilization rate is high during transportation, the transportation cost is reduced, the prefabricated sections can be integrally lifted after being spliced when meeting a pipeline dense area during on-site construction, and the operation is flexible; in the past, a single processing plant was prefabricated. When the workload of the machine room is large, the prefabrication progress is severely limited by the productivity of the processing plant. The discrete type prefabrication is suitable for the situation that the construction progress of the structure is relatively controllable, the site is difficult to transport, pipelines of a machine room are dense and complex, the requirement on the entering time of integral materials is lower, all equipment does not need to be transported to a processing factory, and the limitation of the materials is small. The invention adopts an off-site prefabricating processing mode, utilizes advanced equipment, integrates cutting and welding, and has uniform and full weld quality and high processing precision. (2) The invention introduces a distributed computing concept, divides machine room projects which need a large amount of deep design, pipeline welding and high-altitude operation into three parts of factory prefabrication, bracket installation and pipeline assembly, and the three parts are matched with each other and are constructed in parallel. The method comprises the steps of carrying out support manufacturing and installation on the site, carrying out first batch of prefabricated pipelines in a processing plant, transporting the first batch of prefabricated pipelines to the site for assembly after the first batch of supports are installed, starting to carry out second batch of prefabricated pipelines at the same time, so as to analogize, forming flow line operation, and achieving parallel construction of three processes of pipeline prefabrication, support manufacturing and pipeline assembly. (3) Compared with the traditional serial mode of deep design, prefabrication and assembly in a processing field and transportation to the field for installation, the parallel construction method is adopted, and meanwhile, the support and prefabrication drawing are carried out, so that the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the whole implementation period from high-precision BIM modeling to machine room pipeline installation is greatly shortened. After the high-precision model is determined, according to the scale of a machine room, all pipeline deepening, prefabricating and installing work can be completed within 30-45 days; compared with the prefabrication modes such as a modular assembly machine room, the construction efficiency and the construction quality are greatly improved by aiming at the whole construction period rather than the field installation construction period, the construction of the refrigeration machine room is completed in advance under the condition that the final version of drawing and the equipment parameters are clear and late, the heating node is ensured, and a solid guarantee is laid for smooth completion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a discrete type prefabrication and distribution type construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of three-line parallel construction of pipe prefabrication, bracket installation and pipe installation in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a drawing for deducing the construction sequence of the machine room in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of integral hoisting of a pipeline in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a discrete type prefabricated distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room, which includes first establishing a physical size-based BIM model for pipelines of the refrigeration machine room, arranging the BIM model according to the principles of layering, partitioning and facilitating construction, and establishing a high-precision model by considering factors of later operation, maintenance, overhaul and the like of the machine room. The construction method comprises the steps of establishing a high-precision model, simultaneously integrating overall control conditions, issuing a construction deduction scheme, and mainly comprising the steps of dividing installation batches, identifying installation modes (integral splicing installation/single-section installation) of pipe sections in all areas of a machine room, determining a hoisting mode and an installation sequence (partition layered construction is achieved), arranging pipe prefabrication, support manufacturing and installation, a pipeline installation construction schedule, distributing prefabrication processing amount of all processing plants and the like.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a high-precision BIM model of the machine room;
s2, performing construction deduction according to the BIM model of the machine room;
s3, dividing the machine room implementing personnel into a prefabrication group, a support group and an assembly group, wherein the prefabrication group and the support group are required to be equipped with deepened designers besides constructors; three groups independently carry out subsequent drawing and preparation work;
s4, prefabricating the first batch of pipelines by the prefabricating group, and manufacturing brackets for mounting the first batch of pipelines in the machine room by the bracket group; the preparation group and the bracket group are carried out simultaneously;
s5, installing a first batch of pipelines in the machine room after the assembly group is accepted, and simultaneously starting prefabrication and bracket manufacturing and installation of a second batch of pipelines respectively by the prefabrication group and the bracket group, and constructing according to the sequence until the pipeline installation of the last batch is completed; in the construction process, the prefabricated group and the support group are assembled in advance and grouped into a batch;
s6, after the upper pipeline is installed, installing the equipment in a subarea mode according to a construction deduction sequence;
s7, mounting a vertical pipeline to complete connection of the vertical pipeline and equipment;
and S8, performing pressure test flushing on the pipeline.
The machine room installation of this embodiment adopts the distributed construction mode, divides the machine room engineering into three large plates of pipe section prefabrication (prefabricated group), support system ann (support group), pipe section assembly (assembly group), and every part sets up personnel independently, according to dividing the batch construction after the corresponding preparation work of synchronous beginning. The preparation work of the prefabricating group comprises the step of preparing an assembly drawing and a prefabricating processing drawing, the preparation work of the bracket group comprises the step of preparing a bracket thumbnail drawing, and the assembly group is used for carrying out hoisting preparation. For the same batch of pipelines, the support installation is carried out on the site, the pipeline prefabrication is carried out in a processing plant, after the support installation is finished, the prefabricated pipelines are transported to the site by the processing plant, then the pipe section assembling plates are inserted into the machine room installation of the batch, meanwhile, the next batch of operation is started by the other two plates (the prefabricating group and the support group), and by analogy, the three-line parallel construction is matched with each other to form the flow process.
Specifically, the step of establishing the high-precision BIM model of the machine room in step S1 is as follows:
first, modeling preparation:
a BIM modeling group is established, and the modeling group is composed of electromechanical professionals for water supply and drainage, electricity, heating and ventilation and the like.
Familiar with project refrigeration machine room construction drawings. Before modeling, a team member should be familiar with a construction drawing firstly, and places with unclear or missing drawings communicate with a design institute in time.
The unified modeling standard is established, each professional drawing processing, each system color scheme, file naming rules, professional codes and the like are clearly specified, and modeling team members are handed over, so that modeling confusion caused by different personal modeling habits in the modeling process is prevented.
Step two, BIM modeling comprehensive arrangement:
and each professional modeling worker is responsible for the professional modeling work and the establishment of related equipment and a pipeline family library, accurately models the electromechanical pipelines, valves, units, heat preservation, comprehensive supports and the like according to project positioning, and guides the electromechanical professional BIM models into the machine room BIM model for summarizing after the professional modeling is finished.
Pipeline and equipment arrangement scheme principle. The principle that equipment is centrally arranged and operation and maintenance are convenient is adopted, and the factors of attractive overall layout, improvement of space utilization rate, structural size of a machine room, equipment transportation route and the like are comprehensively considered. The whole refrigeration machine room is reasonably arranged.
After the arrangement is finished, the supports are reasonably arranged according to the standards and practice, so that the reasonable position and the convenient construction are ensured;
and checking the system parameters, namely rechecking the arranged system parameters by using the parameter checking function of software.
Thirdly, reserving a support embedded part at the hole:
and (3) deriving a CAD reserved hole drawing through a fine model established by BIM, and actually measuring actual measurement in an embedding stage to ensure that the reserved position of the hole is accurate and correct so as to perform subsequent construction.
After the BIM model pipeline is comprehensively adjusted, comprehensive support and hanger distribution is carried out on the machine room, and a support embedded part drawing is provided according to a support detailed drawing and is embedded in advance. Except the ground support, the embedded part is pre-buried on curb girder and post more, and pre-buried in upper floor when the roof beam interval is too big, guarantee gallows stability.
Fourthly, modeling a high-precision electromechanical model:
and (4) rechecking the building structure. Actual measurement is carried out on the site, the measured actual size is fed back to the machine room BIM model in a three-dimensional data mode, comparison is carried out to obtain errors of a site building structure and a building model, the machine room civil building model is adjusted in time, a support embedded datum line is kept basically still during adjustment, meanwhile, the positions of a pipeline wall penetrating node and an embedded part are checked and rechecked, a civil building model consistent with the actual situation is obtained, and the problems of later reworking and the like caused by modeling errors are solved.
And (5) fine modeling of the equipment valve. After the model of a material manufacturer is determined, according to design instructions and deepening recheck and in combination with samples provided by the manufacturer, a module library is finely built for equipment, valves, pipe fittings and the like in a machine room according to real objects, and the modeling precision reaches the millimeter level.
And (3) adjusting the model with high precision, namely importing the rechecked civil model and a refined family library, establishing a BIM model of the refrigeration machine room pipeline based on the real size, adjusting the model to meet the on-site prefabrication precision requirement, and comprehensively considering details such as flange gaskets, bolts, flange blind plates, support sizes and the like to ensure that the construction can be correctly guided. The BIM chart mainly takes actual field requirements as main points, and the interpretation of drawings by constructors is clearly understood. The subsystem provides three-dimensional drawings and lightweight models to assist in site construction.
Specifically, in step S2, the method for creating the construction deduction map includes: technical personnel formulate a machine room construction deduction scheme after comprehensively considering field conditions, the scheme divides the machine room into pipeline batches, as shown in fig. 2, the whole machine room engineering adopts distributed construction and consists of three parts, namely pipeline prefabrication (prefabrication group), support manufacturing installation (support group) and pipeline assembly (assembly group), and each processing plant construction task is distributed after the engineering quantity and the construction period are fully considered, so that parallel construction is realized; the pipeline is installed in a single-section and integral combined installation mode, and the specific installation method comprises the following steps: evaluating and planning the whole machine room in a deepening stage, and determining a pipe section integrally hoisted and a pipe section installed in a single section according to the pipeline density and the construction difficulty; the method comprises the steps of adopting an integral installation mode for pipe sections with dense pipelines and suitable for integral lifting, additionally arranging guide rails in deepened paper, determining pipeline transportation routes and integral hoisting points, formulating an integral lifting scheme, transporting the pipe sections to installation positions by using small-sized machinery after prefabricated pipe fittings enter a field, assembling on the ground, and utilizing an integral hoisting method to realize integral positioning of the pipelines. The pipe section with sparse pipeline or unsuitable for integral lifting is installed in a single-section mode, the support is installed on the site in advance when the pipe section is prefabricated, and the prefabricated pipe section is directly installed after entering the field, so that the difficulty is reduced, and the site construction efficiency is improved. Determining a hoisting mode and an installation sequence, prefabricating and assembling according to the principle of construction from inside to outside, from high to low, from dense to sparse, from heavy to slow and according to layers, ensuring one-step molding of a machine room and reducing dismantling and modification; and (4) deepening the pipe section and prefabricating the processing plant, and assigning the pipe section to a plurality of processing plants for prefabrication according to the workload and the construction period so as to meet the requirement of deduction progress.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the construction sequence in this embodiment is: integrally hoisting an upper layer water pipe → positioning a water pump → installing a water pipe connected with the water pump → installing a horizontal pipeline at the front section of the cold machine → positioning cold machine water treatment equipment → installing a vertical water pipe, a bridge and a ventilation system.
Specifically, prefabrication and installation of the pipeline are respectively carried out according to a pipeline machining drawing and an assembly drawing, the machining drawing and the assembly drawing are manufactured by means of revit software, and the machining drawing and the assembly drawing are obtained by partitioning and segmenting a BIM model of a machine room.
Further, the segmentation of the BIM model follows the following principle:
the welded junctions of the pipe sections in the machine room are reduced as much as possible;
avoiding the presence of extended members in all three dimensions of the pipe section;
difference adjusting sections which can be adjusted in three directions are reserved between the pump set and the water chilling unit in the machine room;
the pipe section meets the size of a hoisting hole;
the pipe section meets the size of a transport vehicle and a transport passage.
Furthermore, each of the processing drawing and the assembly drawing comprises three views and a perspective view, and material information and coding information of the pipe section are marked in the drawings. The processing plant is convenient to prefabricate. And during drawing, a three-dimensional visual angle is adopted as much as possible, the specific position of the pipe section in the machine room is marked, whether integral splicing and hoisting are needed or not is judged, and the position of the support and the code of each pipe section are displayed.
In this embodiment, the coding of the pipe segment adopts: the system + letter + direction + number + (reserved) format, such as LQG-B3+1, represents cooling water supply-screw machine-B3 +1 section, draws assembly drawing according to processing drawing and coding, guides processing plant and site operation.
In this embodiment, the pipe section is prefabricated in a factory in a partitioned manner, the local pipeline and the pipe fitting which are cut and can be automatically welded in a large amount are prefabricated by a processing factory with high automation degree, and the pipeline and the bracket which are not suitable for automatic welding are prefabricated by other processing fields or are directly prefabricated outside the processing fields. The processing plant with high automation degree adopts automatic production equipment such as a pipeline intersecting line, a welding robot, a plasma cutting device and the like to replace manual operation, and finishes the processes of derusting, cutting, beveling, pairing, welding, paint spraying and the like.
And when the site has the installation condition, transporting to the site for assembly. The prefabricated pipeline is subjected to polishing, cutting, butt joint and welding, then is uniformly and mechanically sprayed by a processing factory, two primer coats are firstly sprayed, then 2-3 layers of finish paint are sprayed, and finish paint films painted on pipeline equipment and the like are uniform in color and bright and smooth in surface. The defects of peeling, brush leakage, rust resistance, air bubbles, flowing drop, wrinkle, accumulation, color mixing and the like are not allowed. Uniform thickness and bright surface. Wait to dry the back and post the code sign at the flange tip of each section prefabricated pipeline, mark its this section name + connecting pipe section name. The coding identification selects the material that the quality of looking and feeling was taken into account, and the pipeline finish paint colour that will arrive at the scene simultaneously, the colour of two-dimensional code logo picture, the pipeline colour three of assembly general picture panel are as far as possible unified, reduce the discrimination degree of difficulty of workman master, improve assembly efficiency, the high efficiency and the high standard of performance and quality. The label of the port flange close to the pipeline body is the port information of the pipeline section, the end surface close to the port flange is the port information of the pipeline section to be butted, and an alignment mark line is added for separation. And when the site has the installation conditions, the prefabricated pipe sections are transported to the site in batches according to the construction sequence and the deduction diagram, and the transportation in the site is planned as early as possible, wherein the transportation comprises material stacking positions, the construction sequence, reserved equipment transportation channels, load calculation and the like. Necessary reinforcement measures are taken for transportation.
After the pipe section is prefabricated, the prefabricated pipe section is required to be checked and accepted. Error correction, measurement control and error deviation standards are compiled, self-checking is carried out before a processing factory leaves a factory, the prefabricated pipe sections are rechecked and measured after arriving at the factory, whether the delivery batches are consistent, whether codes are correct, whether the overall dimensions are consistent, whether the quality of a welding port can reach the standard, whether the quality and the specification of a flange and a pipeline meet the standards are mainly checked, the verticality detection of the pipeline and the flange is additionally carried out, the condition that two sections of pipelines are not in a straight line when the flanges are spliced on site is prevented, and the next procedure is handed over after the construction quality is ensured.
After receiving the deduction scheme, the support group firstly checks the design of the pipeline support, rechecks the position of the support according to the existing support hanger in the final model, and judges whether the subsequent pipeline hoisting is influenced, and uses software to simulate the stress of the support: reading information such as pipeline material, medium type, pipeline length, heat preservation layer and stress point borne by the hanger, setting a fixing form, loading horizontal load, simulating stress analysis and generating an checking calculation result. And when the result shows that the selected section steel does not meet the requirement, the section steel is corrected to the section steel model meeting the requirement. And (5) providing a detailed drawing of the bracket after all checks are correct. And (4) manufacturing and installing the bracket according to the detailed diagram of the bracket, wherein bracket embedded parts are reserved on the beam, the floor slab and the column in the prior art, so that the rooting position of the bracket is directly welded and fixed. The same batch of support manufacturing and the prefabrication of the pipe sections of the processing plant are carried out simultaneously, the support manufacturing is carried out according to the detailed support drawing, the manufacturing and stacking site is planned in advance, the installation position is determined, the pipeline corresponding to the support is determined to be integral hoisting or single hoisting according to the construction deduction scheme before installation, the single hoisting pipeline support is directly installed in place, and the integral hoisting support needs to be integrally assembled on the ground after being transported to the site by the pipeline. And when the support group is constructed for the first batch, the assembly group is used for installing the guide rail position in advance according to the deduction diagram, so that preparation is made for hoisting the pipeline later.
The pipe section is hoisted according to the principle of parallel implementation of three lines, and after the batch of pipe prefabrication and the construction of the on-site support are completed, an assembly group is inserted for installation so as to ensure the flow process. During assembly, the pipeline hoisting mode is identified according to the construction deduction diagram, and a corresponding method is selected for installation.
For the integral hoisting pipe section area, firstly, the integral hoisting scheme is carried out for review, and the process to be reviewed can be executed after passing through the rear part. As shown in fig. 4, during hoisting, the whole hoisting pipeline area is divided firstly, corresponding position hoisting point welding is carried out, meanwhile, horizontal pipe sections are sequentially and integrally assembled on the ground according to an assembly drawing and a deduction drawing, after the pipeline connection and the support fixation are completed, temporary supports are arranged for hoisting the hoists, 4 hoisting points are arranged on each row of pipelines, two temporary supports and 4 chain blocks are arranged, each hoisting point is connected with the temporary supports through one chain block, and the 4 hoists are synchronously hoisted. The pipeline temporary support adopts 150H-shaped steel, and is fixed with pipeline and a temporary support hanger by a pipe clamp, so that the pipeline is prevented from transversely sliding in the hoisting process.
Before formal hoisting is started, trial hoisting is carried out, the hand hoist is synchronously hoisted, the temporary support hoisting frame is lifted by 100mm, observation is carried out for 10 minutes, and formal hoisting is carried out if no obvious change exists. The chain block is synchronously lifted to a lifting height, the lifting frames are installed one by one, the chain block is slowly dropped after the installation of the lifting frames is completed, the pipeline condition is observed after the guide chain is not accepted, and the chain block is detached to install the rest parts after no problem is confirmed.
And (5) finishing integral assembly. For non-dense areas, single-section pipelines are directly spliced, high-position pipelines are hoisted by utilizing guide rails, and the installation principle is from inside to outside, from high to low, and from dense to sparse.
Specifically, in step S6, the partition of the device is performed according to the device type and size; the machine room equipment in the embodiment is divided into a pump group area, a water dividing and collecting device area, an overhead pipeline cooling machine area and a lifting and processing operation area; when the equipment is installed, the transportation and installation modes of each equipment are determined, and then the chain block, the guide rail or the ground tank is used for transporting or hoisting the equipment.
After the equipment partition is in place, the vertical pipe sections of the inlet and the outlet of the equipment and the valves are sequentially assembled according to an assembly drawing, and the pipe sections are sequentially lifted by the guide rails and the preset lifting points, so that the integral assembly of the vertical pipeline is completed. And (4) paying attention to the tightness of the pipeline at the flange connecting position, and performing construction for workers to meet the bottom.
Specifically, in step S8, when the pipeline is pressure-tested and flushed, the temporary bypass pipe and the temporary filter are used to replace the formal bypass pipe and filter for system testing, and after the temporary bypass pipe and the temporary filter pass the system test, the formal pipe section with the same length is directly disassembled and replaced. The equipment is protected from being polluted by impurities, and rework is reduced.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A discrete type prefabrication distributed construction method for a high-density refrigeration machine room is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a high-precision BIM model of the machine room;
s2, performing construction deduction according to the BIM model of the machine room;
s3, dividing the machine room implementing personnel into a prefabrication group, a support group and an assembly group, wherein the prefabrication group and the support group are required to be equipped with deepened designers besides constructors; three groups independently carry out subsequent drawing and preparation work;
s4, prefabricating the first batch of pipelines by the prefabricating group, and manufacturing brackets for mounting the first batch of pipelines in the machine room by the bracket group; the preparation group and the bracket group are carried out simultaneously;
s5, installing a first batch of pipelines in the machine room after the assembly group is accepted, and simultaneously starting prefabrication and bracket manufacturing and installation of a second batch of pipelines respectively by the prefabrication group and the bracket group, and constructing according to the sequence until the pipeline installation of the last batch is completed; in the construction process, the prefabricated group and the support group are assembled in advance and grouped into a batch;
s6, after the upper pipeline is installed, installing the equipment in a subarea mode according to a construction deduction sequence;
s7, mounting a vertical pipeline to complete connection of the vertical pipeline and equipment;
and S8, performing pressure test flushing on the pipeline.
2. The discrete type prefabrication and distributed construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributed construction method comprises the following steps: introducing a distributed concept, dividing machine room projects which need a large amount of deep design, pipeline welding and high-altitude operation into three parts of factory prefabrication, bracket installation and pipeline assembly, wherein the three parts are mutually matched and are constructed in parallel; the method comprises the steps of carrying out support manufacturing and installation on the site, carrying out first batch of prefabricated pipelines in a processing plant, transporting the first batch of prefabricated pipelines to the site for assembly when the first batch of supports are installed completely, carrying out second batch of prefabricated pipelines at the same time, analogizing so as to form flow process, and achieving parallel construction of three processes of prefabrication of the pipelines, support manufacturing and pipeline assembly.
3. The discrete prefabrication and distribution type construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room according to claim 1, wherein the discrete prefabrication method comprises the following steps: pipelines and pipe fittings are entered by adopting spare parts and are simultaneously prefabricated by a plurality of processing plants according to the engineering quantity and the productivity; after receiving the deduction scheme, the prefabrication group scientifically segments the machine room models according to batches, issues prefabricated processing drawings and assembly drawings, performs prefabricated pipeline distribution after the drawings are checked, performs prefabrication of local pipelines and pipe fittings which are cut and can use large automatic welding quantity by a processing plant with high automation degree, and performs prefabrication of pipelines and supports which are not suitable for automatic welding by other processing plants or direct extraterrestrial prefabrication.
4. The discrete prefabrication and distribution construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises the steps of:
s11, modeling electromechanical pipelines, valves, units, heat preservation and supports in the machine room, and establishing equipment and pipeline family libraries;
s12, arranging a bracket in the model, and carrying out stress simulation analysis on the bracket;
s13, rechecking the building structure, actually measuring actual size of the machine room building, feeding the measured actual size back to the machine room BIM in the form of three-dimensional data, obtaining errors of the machine room building and the BIM through comparison, and adjusting the BIM of the machine room according to the errors;
and S14, performing fine modeling on the equipment valve, and performing fine modeling on the equipment, the valve and the pipe fitting in the machine room according to the real object size to obtain a module library.
5. The discrete prefabrication and distribution type construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, construction deduction is performed on machine room construction, overall deployment is determined, the installation sequence of pipelines and equipment is determined, the hoisting modes of the pipelines and the equipment are determined, and a transportation route is determined; and the construction deduction and the refined adjustment of the machine room model are synchronously carried out.
6. The discrete type prefabrication and distribution type construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room according to claim 5, wherein the hoisting mode of the pipeline is as follows: determining integrally hoisted pipe sections and single-section installed pipe sections according to the pipeline density and the construction difficulty; the method is characterized in that an integral installation mode is adopted for pipe sections with dense pipelines and suitable for integral lifting, and a single-section installation mode is adopted for pipe sections with sparse pipelines or unsuitable for integral lifting.
7. The discrete type prefabrication and distribution construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 5, wherein the installation sequence follows the principle of construction by layers from inside to outside, from high to low, from dense to sparse, from heavy to slow.
8. The discrete prefabrication and distribution construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, deepening and preparation work of each group are simultaneously carried out: the prefabricating group carries out pipeline segmentation, and provides an assembly drawing and a prefabricating processing drawing; the bracket group is used for verifying the bracket and providing a bracket thumbnail; the assembly group carries out guide rail and hoisting point installation in advance according to construction deduction.
9. The discrete prefabrication and distribution type construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pipeline section follows the following principle:
the welded junctions of the pipe sections in the machine room are reduced as much as possible;
avoiding the presence of extended members in all three dimensions of the pipe section;
difference adjusting sections which can be adjusted in three directions are reserved between the pump set and the water chilling unit in the machine room;
the pipe section meets the size of a hoisting hole;
the pipe section meets the size of a transport vehicle and a transport passage.
10. The discrete prefabrication and distribution construction method for the high-density refrigeration machine room as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps S4 and S5, the prefabrication of the pipeline is performed in a discrete prefabrication mode, so that a longer pipeline can be welded in a processing plant on the premise of not influencing transportation and hoisting, the field operation amount is reduced, and flange connection is adopted between the discrete pipe sections.
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