CN113288817A - 基于可环化聚合的交联剂的牙科材料 - Google Patents
基于可环化聚合的交联剂的牙科材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113288817A CN113288817A CN202110143664.3A CN202110143664A CN113288817A CN 113288817 A CN113288817 A CN 113288817A CN 202110143664 A CN202110143664 A CN 202110143664A CN 113288817 A CN113288817 A CN 113288817A
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- dental material
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- aromatic
- dimethacrylate
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- 239000005548 dental material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 hydrocarbon radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3,5,5-trimethyl-6-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexyl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CNC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Panavia opaque Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- LRZPQLZONWIQOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LRZPQLZONWIQOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NMXWWAMBELVUOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)-1-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decanyl]methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C12CCCC2(COC(=O)C(C)=C)C2(COC(=O)C(=C)C)CC1CC2 NMXWWAMBELVUOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- QUZSUMLPWDHKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A dimethacrylate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 QUZSUMLPWDHKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PPQQLTZAHODMPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-[4-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propoxy]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 PPQQLTZAHODMPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(OC(=O)C=C)OC(=O)C=C VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HYQASEVIBPSPMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HYQASEVIBPSPMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NEBBLNDVSSWJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(OC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C NEBBLNDVSSWJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQHHYSUNMDYHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylphenoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SQHHYSUNMDYHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NGFFKUHICVFZTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[4-[2-[4-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCOCCOC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 NGFFKUHICVFZTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CCCO1 LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AMUNHMVMESMYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-hydroxy-3-[4-[2-[4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenyl]propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(CC(O)COC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 AMUNHMVMESMYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UKMBKKFLJMFCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-hydroxy-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CO)OC(=O)C(C)=C UKMBKKFLJMFCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=1C=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=C1 FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/61—Cationic, anionic or redox initiators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/50—Preparations specially adapted for dental root treatment
- A61K6/54—Filling; Sealing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/20—Protective coatings for natural or artificial teeth, e.g. sealings, dye coatings or varnish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/62—Photochemical radical initiators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可自由基聚合的组合物,其特别适合用作牙科材料,例如粘固剂,填充复合材料,饰面材料,以及用于制备嵌体、高嵌体、牙冠和牙桥的材料。该组合物包含式I的可环化聚合的交联剂,并且其特征在于低的聚合收缩率。
背景技术
已知聚合,例如乙烯基化合物或(甲基)丙烯酸酯的聚合导致明显的体积收缩,因为在每种情况下的聚合物链的形成过程中,每个单体分子中的一个双键和一个范德华(Van-der-Waals)键在每个链增长步骤均转化为两个单键,即与单体相相比,聚合物链中的单体结构单元更靠近在一起。聚合收缩会导致不利的收缩应力,导致间隙的形成或降低的基材粘附性,并导致成形体的尺寸稳定性的破坏。聚合过程中密度的变化决定性地取决于单体的摩尔质量和摩尔体积。与低摩尔质量的单体相比,高分子量单体显示出更低的体积收缩率。
在牙科领域,高分子量二甲基丙烯酸酯bis-GMA(摩尔质量=512.6g/mol)和UDMA(摩尔质量=470.6g/mol)显示聚合收缩率ΔV分别为6.0(bis-GMA)和6.1体积%,广泛用作相对低收缩率的单体。但是,由于这些单体的粘度非常高(bis-GMA:η=800-1000Pa·s;UDMA:η=10Pa·s),因此它们通常与充当稀释剂的具有较低摩尔质量的低粘度二甲基丙烯酸酯混合使用。低摩尔质量的单体,例如三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(摩尔质量=286.3g/mol)具有增加的聚合收缩率(ΔVp=14.5体积%),这对材料的聚合收缩率具有不利影响。
已经采用了各种方法来制备低收缩率的聚合产物,例如,环状单体的开环聚合或使用硫醇-烯树脂。
与直链单体相比,在环状单体的开环聚合的情况下,体积收缩要低得多,因为在每种情况下在此的每个增长步骤都打开一个共价键并形成一个共价键。因此,环状单体作为低收缩率基质体系引起了极大的兴趣。然而,环状单体,例如螺原碳酸酯、环状烯酮缩醛或乙烯基环丙烷比甲基丙烯酸酯昂贵得多,并且有时仅具有有限的储存稳定性。
与多官能甲基丙烯酸酯的自由基聚合相比,交联的硫醇-烯加聚的特征在于几乎完全的双键转化和低得多的聚合收缩率。因此,每个聚合的(甲基)丙烯酸酯双键的体积收缩约为22-23cm3/mol,而在硫醇-烯反应的情况下,转化的双键的体积收缩仅为12-15cm3每摩尔。此外,交联的硫醇-烯的加聚反应是根据逐步增长机理进行的,因此与二甲基丙烯酸酯聚合相比具有显著延长的预凝胶相,这另外地导致了聚合收缩应力的降低。不幸的是,由于硫醇非常难闻的气味,硫醇-烯聚合物的固有挠性以及硫醇-烯树脂的有限的储存稳定性,限制了硫醇-烯树脂的使用。
在降低聚合收缩率方面也提到了可环化聚合的单体。它们是双或多官能单体,在其聚合过程中,由于其特定的单体结构,除了分子间链增长反应外,还会发生分子内反应,伴随5或6元环的形成(参见综述:D.Pasini,D.Takeuchi,Chem.Rev.118(2018)8993-9057)。1957年,Butler首次描述了用于季二烯丙基铵盐的环化聚合。简单的可环化聚合的单体的其他实例是丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸酐、马来酸甲基烯丙酯和富马酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯和二乙二醇双(碳酸烯丙酯)。
US 5,145,374和US 5,380,901公开了包含可环化聚合的双丙烯酸酯(I)或低聚物(II)的牙科粘合剂和复合材料。该材料旨在具有低的聚合收缩率。
EP3 335 688 A1公开了牙科材料,其包含可环化聚合的单体,例如1,6-二烯-2-羧酸(酯)和1,5-二烯-2-羧酸(酯)单体。具体地,其中提到α-烯丙氧基甲基丙烯酸环己酯和α-烯丙氧基甲基甲基丙烯酸甲酯。该材料旨在在固化之前具有适合牙科用途的可流动性,并具有高机械强度,这归因于固化后在环化聚合过程中形成环。
WO 2014/040729 A1公开了包含N-烯丙基取代的(甲基)丙烯酰胺的牙科材料,例如,N,N-二(烯丙基丙烯酰胺基)丙烷。N-烯丙基取代的(甲基)丙烯酰胺旨在以高水解稳定性、与常规(甲基)丙烯酸酯的良好共聚性、低粘度和优异的生物相容性为特征。
WO 2018/109041 A1公开了包含具有磷酸酯基团的N-烯丙基取代的(甲基)丙烯酰胺的牙科材料,例如N-丙烯酰基-8-烯丙基氨基辛基磷酸酯。与10-甲基丙烯酰氧基癸基二氢磷酸酯相比,(甲基)丙烯酰胺旨在以高化学纯度和高聚合热为特征。此外,它们旨在在固化后产生有利的机械性能。
与通常用于制备牙科材料的(甲基)丙烯酸酯相比,已知的可环化聚合的单体的缺点是它们在自由基聚合期间的反应性低得多,这归因于降解链转移机制。而且,它们的机械性能不能令人满意。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供牙科材料,其特征在于在自由基聚合期间,特别是在光聚合期间的低聚合收缩率、良好的机械性能和高反应性。
根据本发明,该目的通过包含至少一种式I的化合物的牙科材料实现:
其中
R1为m价直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C30烃基或芳族C6-C30烃基,其中所述脂族或芳族烃基可以未被取代或被一种或多种取代基取代,并且其中脂族烃基可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氨基甲酸酯基、酯基、氧原子和/或硫原子中断,
X、Y、Z彼此独立地在每种情况下为–COOR2、-CON(R3R4)、芳族C6-C10烃基或-CN,其中
R2、R3、R4在每种情况下彼此独立地为氢,直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C30烃基,优选C1-C10烃基,或芳族C6-C30烃基,优选C1-C10烃基,其中所述脂族或芳族烃基可以未被取代或被一个或多个取代基取代,并且其中脂族烃基可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氧原子中断,和
m为2或3。
任选地存在于基团R1至R4中的取代基优选选自氯、羟基和甲氧基,其中所述基团任选地优选被1至3个取代基取代。基团R1至R4优选不被酸基取代并且特别优选未被取代。
其中m等于2的化合物可以用式Ia表示,而其中m等于3的化合物可以用式Ib表示:
式I仅扩展到与化学价理论相容的那些化合物。基团被例如一个或多个O原子中断的指示应理解为意指这些原子或基团在每种情况下被插入到该基团的碳链中。因此,这些原子或基团两侧均由C原子界定并且不能为末端。C1基团不能是被中断的、支链的或环状的。对应于通常的命名,芳族烃基也意指那些包含芳族和非芳族基团的基团。优选的芳族基团是例如二苯基丙烷基团。
基团X、Y和Z可以相同或不同。优选地,X和Y具有相同的含义,其中X、Y和Z相同的化合物是特别优选的。
变量优选具有以下含义:
R1为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C20烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氨基甲酸酯基、酯基和/或氧原子中断,
X、Y、Z彼此独立地在每种情况下为–COOR2、芳族C6-C10烃基或-CN,
R2为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C10烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氧原子中断,和
m为2或3。
其中变量具有以下含义的式I的化合物是特别优选的:
R1为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C12烃基,优选饱和的、支链的或优选直链的C2至C8烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氧原子中断,且优选地不被中断,
X、Y、Z彼此独立地在每种情况下为–COOR2或苯基,优选-COOR2,R2为直链或支链C1-C4烃基,优选乙基,和
m为2或3,优选2。
可以彼此独立地在每种情况下选择针对各个变量给出的优选的、特别优选的和非常特别优选的定义。根据本发明,其中所有变量具有优选的、特别优选的和非常特别优选的定义的化合物自然是特别合适的。
在所有情况下,烃基优选为饱和烃基。这既适用于式I的化合物的一般定义,也适用于优选的式I的化合物,特别是也适用于特别优选的式I的化合物。
式I的可环化聚合的化合物是未知的并且可以类似于类似的化合物制备(参见Bourgeois,J.-P.;Echegoyen,L.;Fibbioli,M.;Pretsch,E.;Diederich,F.,AngewandteChemie International Edition 1998,37(15),2118-2121和Gregg,Z.R.;Griffiths,J.R.;Diver,S.T.,Organometallics 2018,37(10),1526-1533)。在第一步中,在碱性条件下将多官能醇用酰氯酯化。在第二步中,在去质子化之后,它与基于2-氯甲基烯烃的乙烯基源反应。
第一步:
第二步:
具体实例是:
根据本发明的优选的式I的化合物为:
其中n=1至15
特别优选的式Ia的化合物为以下物质:
优选的式Ib的化合物为:
根据本发明的式I的化合物包含四个或六个可聚合的基团并具有交联性质。它们的特征在于在自由基聚合期间可环化聚合的基团的高反应性,并且可以与常规的牙科单体,特别是与二(甲基)丙烯酸酯良好地共聚。由于它们的高反应性,它们也可以例如均聚,这与已知的可环化聚合的N,N-二取代的甲基丙烯酰胺不同。在根据本发明的式I的化合物的均聚和共聚过程中,获得了具有良好的机械性能的聚合物网络,这对于牙科应用是有利的。
另外,根据本发明的式I的化合物的特征在于,由于环化聚合引起的降低的聚合收缩应力和低的聚合收缩率。因此,它们使得将这些优点用于牙科应用而不损害对于牙科目的同样重要的其他性能,例如特别是机械性能成为可能。
式I的化合物特别适用于制备牙科材料,例如用于制备涂层或饰面材料,牙科粘固剂,特别是填充复合材料。它们还适合于制备用于制备或修复假牙、嵌体、高嵌体、牙冠或牙桥的材料。但是,它们也适用于其他目的的可自由基聚合的材料和热固性材料的制备。根据本发明的(牙科)材料优选包含相对于材料的总质量0.5至70重量%,特别优选1至60重量%,并且非常特别优选3至50重量%的至少一种式I的化合物。
根据本发明的式I的化合物优选与一种或多种可聚合的单或多官能单体(共聚单体)组合使用。单官能单体是指具有一个可自由基聚合的基团的化合物,并且多官能单体是指具有两个或多个,优选2至4个可自由基聚合的基团的化合物。优选的共聚单体为可自由基聚合的单体。
包含至少一种单或多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯作为可自由基聚合的共聚单体的牙科材料是根据本发明优选的。待口腔内固化的材料优选包含单-和/或多官能甲基丙烯酸酯作为可自由基聚合的单体。因此,甲基丙烯酸酯特别优选作为共聚单体。令人惊讶地发现,根据本发明的式I的化合物可以与常规的(甲基)丙烯酸酯良好地共聚。
优选的多官能甲基丙烯酸酯为二甲基丙烯酸酯,特别是双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2-双[4-(2-羟基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基)苯基]丙烷(bis-GMA;甲基丙烯酸和双酚A二缩水甘油醚的加成产物),乙氧基化或丙氧基化的双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯,例如2-[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙氧基乙氧基)苯基]-2-[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]丙烷)(SR-348c;包含3个乙氧基基团),2,2-双[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙氧基)苯基]丙烷,1,6-双-[2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙氧基羰基氨基]-2,2,4-三甲基己烷(UDMA;甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯和2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基-1,6-二异氰酸酯的加成产物),二-、三-和四乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯,季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯,甘油二甲基丙烯酸酯和甘油三甲基丙烯酸酯,1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,1,10-癸二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(D3MA),1,12-十二烷二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,双(甲基丙烯酰氧基甲基)三环-[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷(DCP)及其混合物。特别优选的多官能甲基丙烯酸酯为bis-GMA、SR-348c、UDMA、D3MA、DCP、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯及其混合物。
多官能单体,特别是甲基丙烯酸酯,优选以相对于所述材料的总质量最多70重量%、特别优选1.5至60重量%和非常特别优选2至50重量%的总量使用。
根据本发明优选的单官能单体为单甲基丙烯酸酯。特别优选的单甲基丙烯酸酯为甲基丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢糠酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸对枯基苯氧基乙二醇酯(CMP-1E)、甲基丙烯酸2-(2-联苯基氧)-乙酯及其混合物。
单官能单体,特别是甲基丙烯酸酯,优选以相对于所述材料的总质量最多10重量%、特别优选0至10重量%和非常特别优选0至5重量%的总量使用。
单和多官能丙烯酸酯还进一步适用作共聚单体。优选的多官能丙烯酸酯为乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化的双酚A二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇200二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯及其混合物。
单和多官能丙烯酸酯优选以相对于所述牙科材料的总质量最多50重量%、优选0至50重量%,特别优选0至30重量%的总量使用。
共聚单体的总量相对于所述材料的总质量优选最多70重量%,特别优选1.5至60重量%,和非常特别优选2至50重量%。
根据本发明的组合物优选地包含用于自由基聚合的引发剂,例如用于通过UV光、通过可见光的聚合的引发剂,热引发剂和/或氧化还原引发剂。光引发剂是特别优选的,通过可见光活化的光引发剂是非常特别优选的。
Norrish I型引发剂,例如苯偶酰二甲基缩酮、苯偶姻醚、羟苯基酮、二烷氧基苯乙酮、苯甲酰基环己醇、三甲基苯甲酰基氧化膦和吗啉代苯基氨基酮优选作为UV光引发剂。优选的Norrish II型UV引发剂是例如二苯甲酮或噻吨酮衍生物与H给体(如醇或硫醇)或电子给体(如胺)的混合物。
可见光范围的优选的双分子光引发剂是α-二酮及其衍生物,例如9,10-菲醌、1-苯基-丙烷-1,2-二酮、二乙酰基或4,4’-二氯苯偶酰及其混合物。樟脑醌(CQ)和2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基-苯乙酮是特别优选的,并且α-二酮与作为还原剂的胺的组合是非常特别优选的,所述胺例如4-(二甲基氨基)-苯甲酸乙酯(EDMAB)、N,N-二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、N,N-二甲基-均-二甲基苯胺或三乙醇胺。可见光范围的优选的Norrish I型光引发剂是双酰基氧化膦。特别优选的是单酰基三烷基锗、二酰基二烷基锗和四酰基锗化合物,例如苯甲酰基三甲基锗烷、二苯甲酰基二乙基锗烷、双(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)二乙基锗烷四苯甲酰基锗烷或四(邻甲基苯甲酰基)锗烷。
此外,还可以有利地使用不同的光引发剂的混合物,例如双(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)二乙基锗烷或四(邻甲基苯甲酰基)锗烷与樟脑醌和4-二甲基氨基苯甲酸乙酯的组合。
优选的热引发剂是偶氮化合物,例如2,2’-偶氮二(异丁腈)(AIBN)、偶氮双-(4-氰基戊酸)或过氧化物,例如过氧化二苯甲酰、过氧化二月桂酰、过辛酸叔丁酯、过苯甲酸叔丁酯或过氧化二(叔丁基)。为了通过过氧化物的方式加速引发,也可以使用过氧化物与芳族胺的组合。优选的组合是过氧化二苯甲酰与胺的组合,优选N,N-二烷基取代的芳族胺,该胺在对位被取代,例如N,N-二甲基-对甲苯胺、N,N-二羟乙基-对甲苯胺、对二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯。
光引发剂与热引发剂或优选氧化还原引发剂的组合适合于双重固化。用于双重固化的优选的氧化还原引发剂是含有过氧化物和还原剂的体系,例如抗坏血酸、巴比妥酸盐或亚磺酸、或氢过氧化物与还原剂和任选的催化量的金属离子的混合物,例如氢过氧化枯烯、硫脲衍生物和乙酰丙酮铜(II)的混合物。
此外,根据本发明的组合物可以有利地包含一种或多种有机或优选无机填料。纤维状的,特别是颗粒状的填料是优选的。含填料的组合物特别适合作为牙科固定胶粘剂或填充复合材料。
优选玻璃纤维、碳纤维、陶瓷和芳族聚酰胺纤维以及纳米纤维或晶须作为纤维填料。纤维填料特别适合于复合材料的制备。纳米纤维是指长度小于100nm的纤维,而晶须是指针状单晶,优选由氧化铝或碳化硅制成。晶须的直径通常为几微米,长度最多达1毫米。
优选的颗粒填料是氧化物,如SiO2、ZrO2和TiO2,或SiO2、ZrO2、ZnO和/或TiO2的混合氧化物,纳米颗粒或超细填料,如热解法二氧化硅或沉淀法二氧化硅,玻璃粉,如石英、玻璃陶瓷、硼硅酸盐或不透射线的玻璃粉,优选钡或锶铝硅酸盐玻璃,和不透射线的填料,如三氟化镱、氧化钽(V)、硫酸钡,或SiO2与氧化镱(III)或氧化钽(V)的混合氧化物。
优选地,氧化物的粒度为0.010至15μm,纳米颗粒或超细填料的粒度为10至300nm,玻璃粉末的粒度为0.01至15μm,优选为0.2至1.5μm,并且不透射线的填料的粒度为0.2至5μm。
特别优选的填料是粒度为10至300nm的SiO2和ZrO2的混合氧化物,粒度为0.2至1.5μm的玻璃粉末,特别是例如钡或锶铝硅酸盐玻璃的不透射线的玻璃粉末,和粒度为0.2至5μm的不透射线的填料,特别是三氟化镱和/或SiO2与氧化镱(III)的混合氧化物。
除非另有说明,否则所有粒度均为重均粒度(D50值),其中,0.1μm至1000μm范围内的粒度测定优选通过静态光散射进行,例如使用LA-960静态激光散射粒度分析仪(日本,Horiba)。在此,使用波长为655nm的激光二极管和波长为405nm的LED作为光源。使用具有不同波长的两种光源使得可以在仅一个测量通道中测量试样的整个粒度分布,其中该测量以湿法测量进行。为此,制备0.1至0.5%的填料的水分散体,并在流通池中测量其散射光。根据DIN/ISO 13320的米氏理论进行散射光分析,以计算粒度和粒度分布。5nm至0.1μm范围内的粒度的测量优选通过水性颗粒分散体的动态光散射(DLS)进行,优选使用波长为633nm的He-Ne激光器在25℃下在90°的散射角下进行,例如使用Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS(Malvern Instruments,Malvern UK)进行。
小于0.1μm的粒度也可以通过SEM或TEM显微照片测定。透射电子显微镜法(TEM)优选用Philips CM30 TEM在300kV的加速电压下进行。为了制备试样,将颗粒分散体的液滴施加到涂覆碳的厚的铜格栅(网格尺寸300目),然后将溶剂蒸发。对颗粒计数并计算算术平均值。
根据填料的粒度将填料分为大填料和微填料,其中,平均粒度为0.2至10μm的填料称为大填料,和平均粒度为约5至100nm的填料称为微填料。例如通过研磨例如石英、不透射线的玻璃、硼硅酸盐或陶瓷获得大填料,并且大填料通常由碎片状颗粒组成。可以例如通过金属醇盐的水解共缩合制备微填料如混合氧化物。
为了改善填料颗粒和交联的聚合基体之间的结合,优选对填料进行表面改性。基于SiO2的填料优选地使用甲基丙烯酸酯官能化的硅烷,特别优选地使用3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷进行表面改性。对于非硅酸盐填料,例如ZrO2或TiO2的表面改性,也可以使用官能化的酸性磷酸酯如10-甲基丙烯酰氧基癸基磷酸二氢酯。
此外,根据本发明的牙科材料可以包含一种或多种另外的添加剂,尤其是稳定剂、着色剂、杀微生物活性成分、释放氟离子的添加剂、推进剂、荧光增白剂、增塑剂和/或UV吸收剂。
根据本发明的材料优选地包含:
a)0.5至70重量%,优选1至60重量%,特别优选3至50重量%的至少一种式I的化合物,
b)0.01至5重量%,优选0.1至3.0重量%,特别优选0.1至1.0重量%的用于自由基聚合的至少一种引发剂,优选光引发剂,
c)1至70重量%,优选1.5至60重量%,特别优选2至50重量%的至少一种可自由基聚合的共聚单体,
d)0至85重量%的至少一种填料。
除非另有说明,否则本文规定的所有量均相对于组合物的总质量。
填充水平取决于材料的期望应用。优选地,填充复合材料的填料含量为50至85重量%,特别优选为70至80重量%,并且牙科粘固剂的填料含量为10至70重量%,特别优选为60至70重量%。
由所述成分组成的那些牙科材料是特别优选的。其中单个组分在每种情况下优选地选自上述优选的和特别优选的物质。
根据本发明的组合物特别适合用作牙科材料,特别是牙科粘固剂、填充复合材料和饰面材料以及用于制备假体、假牙、嵌体、高嵌体、牙冠和牙桥的材料。所述组合物主要适合由牙医进行口腔内施用以修复受损的牙齿,即,用于治疗性应用,例如作为牙科粘固剂、填充复合材料和饰面材料用于治疗性应用。但是,它们也可以非治疗性地(口外地)用于例如制备或修复牙科修复体如假体、假牙、嵌体、高嵌体、牙冠和牙桥等。
此外,根据本发明的组合物适合制备牙科用成形体,但也适合制备非牙科目的的成形体,所述成形体可以例如通过浇铸、压铸,特别是通过增材工艺如3D打印制造。
本发明的另一个主题是根据式I的化合物用于制备可自由基聚合的材料,优选医学的,特别是牙科材料的用途。
具体实施方式
下面参考实施方案的实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明:
实施方案的实施例
实施例1:
2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基-O'4,O4-(己烷-1,6-二基)双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四
羧酸酯)(1)的合成
第一阶段:二乙基-O,O'-(己烷-1,6-二基)二丙二酸酯(ZP-1)的合成
将1,6-己二醇(42.3mmol,5.00g)溶解在无水二氯甲烷(DCM,150ml)中,并将装置用氩气吹洗。将该溶液在冰水中冷却,然后先加入吡啶(105.8mmol,8.37g),再加入乙基丙二酰氯(105.8mmol,15.93g)。将该溶液在室温下搅拌4小时,然后用1N HCl(150ml)淬灭。将水相用DCM(150ml)萃取3次,将合并的有机相用饱和NaHCO3溶液(150ml)洗涤,并用无水Na2SO4干燥。蒸出溶剂,将有色粗产物通过硅胶过滤(洗脱液PE:EA 4:1),从而获得纯产物ZP1,为无色油,产率为12.35g(理论值的84%)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):4.10(8H,m,O-CH2-),3.29(4H,s,C-CH2-C),1.59(4H,m,CH2),1.32(4H,m,CH2),1.28(6H,m,-CH3)。
第二阶段:2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基-O'4,O4-(己烷-1,6-二基)双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四羧酸酯)(1)的合成
将氢化钠(60重量%,在矿物油中的悬浮液,178.3mmol,4.28g)置于三颈烧瓶中,并将装置用氩气吹洗。加入干燥的四氢呋喃(THF)(100ml),并将反应溶液在冰浴中冷却。缓慢滴加来自阶段1的ZP1(35.7mmol,12.35g),并将反应溶液在室温下搅拌2h。加入氯甲基丙烯酸乙酯(146.2mmol,21.72g)后,将其搅拌过夜,然后用饱和NH4Cl溶液(100ml)淬灭。将水相用二乙醚(100ml)萃取3次,并用无水硫酸钠干燥合并的有机相。蒸发溶剂后,将粗产物通过柱色谱法(PE:EA4:1)纯化,得到纯产物,为粘稠液体,产率为21.95g(理论值的77%)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):6.25(4H,s,C=CH2),5.68(4H,s,C=CH2),4.22-3.96(16H,m,O-CH2-),2.95(8H,s,C-CH2-C),1.57(4H,m),1.26(22H,m)。
13C-NMR:(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):170.5(C=O),170.4(C=O),167.1(C=O),136.3(C4),128.7(C2),65.4(C2),61.5(C2),61.0(C2),57.6(C4),34.9(C2),28.4(C2),25.6(C2),14.3(C1),14.0(C1)。
实施例2(比较例):
2,2'-(氧双(亚甲基))二丙烯酸二乙酯(2)的合成
基于Tsuda等Polymer,35(1994),3317-3328进行化合物2的合成:
将丙烯酸乙酯(149.8mmol,15.0g)、多聚甲醛(149.8mmol,4.5g)和1,4-二氮杂双环(2.2.2)辛烷(1g)放入三颈烧瓶中,并在95℃下将该溶液搅拌3天。将溶液冷却后,加入200ml石油醚,将溶液用100ml 3%HCl洗涤3次,再用100ml水洗涤一次。将有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥并除去溶剂。粗产物通过柱色谱法纯化,得到无色油状物,产率为11.7g(理论值的65%)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):6.30(2H,s,C=CH2),5.88(2H,s,C=CH2),4.31-4.13(8H,m,O-CH2-),1.29(6H,t)。
13C-NMR:(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):165.9(C=O),137.4(C4,125.7(C2),69.0(C2),60.9(C2),14.3(C1)。
实施例3:
2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基-O'4,O4-{[(丙烷-2,2-二基双(4,1-亚苯基))双氧基]双-
(丙烷-1,2-二基)}-双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四羧酸酯),异构体混合物(3)
第一阶段:O,O'-{[(丙烷-2,2-二基双-4,1-亚苯基)-双氧]双(丙烷-1,2-二基)}-二丙二酸二乙酯,异构体混合物(ZP-2)
将吡啶(9.89g;0.125mol)滴加到1,1'-{[丙烷-2,2-二基双(4,1-亚苯基)]双(氧基)}双(丙烷-2-醇)(异构体混合物,17.22g,50.0mmol)的DCM(100ml)溶液中,随后在冰冷却下滴加乙基丙二酰氯(18.82g;0.125mol),并且将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌。4小时后,加入盐酸(1N;100ml),并分离各相。将水相用DCM(3×50ml)萃取。将合并的有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100ml)和饱和氯化钠水溶液(100ml)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在旋转蒸发仪上浓缩。在通过柱色谱法(SiO2,正庚烷/乙酸乙酯3:1)纯化粗产物后,获得21.30g(37.2mmol;理论值的74%)的浅黄色油状物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ(主要的异构体)=7.12(4H,m;Ar-H),6.79(4H,m;Ar-H),5.29(2H,m;O-CH),4.18(4H,m;O-CH2),3.98(4H,m;O-CH2),3.36(4H,s;CH2),1.62(6H,s;CH3),1.37(6H,d;CH-CH 3;J=6.5Hz),1.25(6H,t;CH3;J=7.1Hz)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):δ(主要的异构体)=166.3(C=O),166.0(C=O),156.2(Ar-C),143.4(Ar-C),127.6(Ar-CH),113.8(Ar-CH),70.0(O-CH2),69.6(O-CH2),61.4(O-CH),41.6(CH2),41.5(C),30.9(CH3),16.4(CH3),13.9(CH3)。
第二阶段:2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基O'4,O4-{[(丙烷-2,2-二基双(4,1-亚苯基))双氧基]双-(丙烷-1,2-二基)}-双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四羧酸酯),异构体混合物(3)
在0℃下,将ZP-2(21.05g,36.8mmol)的THF(50ml)溶液滴加到氢化钠(4.42g,0.184mol)的THF(100ml)悬浮液中,并将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌。3小时后,滴加2-氯甲基丙烯酸乙酯(22.39g,0.151mol)的THF(50ml)溶液,同时进行冰冷却。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌24h,然后滴加饱和氯化铵水溶液(100ml)。加入水(100ml)和乙酸乙酯(250ml),并分离各相。将水相用乙酸乙酯(2×80ml)萃取。合并的有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(2×80ml)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥并过滤。将滤液在旋转蒸发仪上浓缩。在通过柱色谱法(SiO2,正庚烷/乙酸乙酯3:1)纯化粗产物后,获得30.82g(30.2mmol;理论值的82%)的高粘度的无色油状物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ(主要的异构体)=7.11(4H,m;Ar-H),6.77(4H,m;Ar-H),6.27(4H,m;=CH),5.74(4H,m;=CH),5.20(2H,m;O-CH),4.15(8H,m;O-CH2),4.11–3.88(8H,m;O-CH2),3.07–2.91(8H,m;CH2),1.62(6H,s;CH3),1.34(6H,d;CH-CH 3;J=6.5Hz),1.28(6H,t;CH3;J=7.1Hz),1.18(6H,t;CH3;J=7.1Hz)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):δ(主要的异构体)=170.1(C=O),169.7(C=O),166.9(C=O),156.2(Ar-C),143.3(Ar-C),136.0(=C),135.8(=C),128.6(=CH2),128.3(=CH2),127.6(Ar-CH),113.7(Ar-CH),70.1(O-CH),69.3(O-CH2),61.3(O-CH2),60.8(O-CH2),60.7(O-CH2),57.4(C),41.5(C),34.3(CH2),34.1(CH2),30.9(CH3),16.2(CH3),14.0(CH2),13.7(CH3)。
实施例4:
2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基-O'4,O4-[(八氢-1H-4,7-亚甲基茚-2,5-二基)双(亚甲
基)]-双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四羧酸酯),异构体混合物(4)
第一阶段:O,O'-[(八氢-1H-4,7-亚甲基茚-2,5-二基)双(亚甲基)]-二丙二酸二乙酯,异构体混合物(ZP-3)
将吡啶(9.89g;0.125mol)滴加到4,8-双(羟甲基)三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷,异构体混合物(9.81g,50.0mmol)的DCM(100ml)溶液中,随后在冰冷却下滴加乙基丙二酰氯(18.82g;0.125mol),并且将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌。4小时后,加入盐酸(1N;100ml),并分离各相。将水相用二氯甲烷(3×50ml)萃取。将合并的有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100ml)和饱和氯化钠水溶液(100ml)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在旋转蒸发仪上浓缩。在通过柱色谱法(SiO2,正庚烷/乙酸乙酯1:1)纯化粗产物后,获得20.75g(48.9mmol;理论值的98%)的浅黄色油状物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=4.25–4.16(4H,m;O-CH2),4.04–3.87(4H,m;O-CH2),3.40–3.34(4H,m;CH2),2.56–1.32(14H,m),1.29(6H,t;CH3;J=7.2Hz)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):δ=166.5(C=O),166.4(C=O),166.3(C=O),69.6(O-CH2),69.0(O-CH2),68.6(O-CH2),68.6(O-CH2),61.3(O-CH2),49.1(CH),48.6(CH),45.3(CH),44.7(CH),44.6(CH),44.3(CH),43.5(CH),42.8(CH),42.5(CH),41.5(CH2),41.3(CH),40.8(CH),40.5(CH),40.2(CH2),40.0(C),39.2(CH2),38.5(CH),37.9(CH),33.9(CH),33.8(CH),33.0(CH),32.3(CH2),32.1(CH2),30.5(CH2),30.1(CH2),27.9(CH2),27.5(CH2),25.0(CH2),24.2(CH2),13.9(CH3)。
第二阶段:2,2',4,4',6,6'-六乙基-O'4,O4-[(八氢-1H-4,7-亚甲基茚-2,5-二基)双(亚甲基)]-双(庚-1,6-二烯-2,4,4,6-四羧酸酯),异构体混合物(4)
在0℃下,将ZP-3,异构体混合物(20.45g,48.2mmol)的THF(50ml)溶液滴加到氢化钠(5.78g,0.241mol)的四氢呋喃(100ml)悬浮液中,并将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌。3小时后,滴加2-氯甲基丙烯酸乙酯(29.35g,0.198mol)的THF(50ml)溶液,同时进行冰冷却。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌24h,然后滴加饱和氯化铵水溶液(100ml)。加入水(100ml)和乙酸乙酯(250ml),并分离各相。将水相用乙酸乙酯(2×80ml)萃取。合并的有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(2×80ml)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥并过滤。将滤液在旋转蒸发仪上浓缩。在通过柱色谱法(SiO2,正庚烷/乙酸乙酯3:1)纯化粗产物后,获得30.30g(34.7mmol;理论值的72%)的高粘度的浅黄色油状物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=6.31–6.19(4H,m;=CH),5.74–5.61(4H,m;=CH),4.23–4.07(12H,m;O-CH2),3.91–3.73(4H,m;O-CH2),3.04–2.82(8H,m;CH2),2.56–1.34(14H,m),1.33–1.21(18H,m;CH3)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):δ=170.3(C=O),170.2(C=O),170.1(C=O),168.7(C=O),168.6(C=O),166.8(C=O),166.1(C=O),136.6(=C),136.0(=C),135.9(=C),128.4(=CH2),127.5(=CH2),69.1(O-CH2),68.9(O-CH2),68.6(O-CH2),68.5(O-CH2),61.3(O-CH2),60.7(O-CH2),57.3(C),50.8(CH),50.7(CH),48.8(CH),45.4(CH),44.7(CH),44.4(CH),43.5(CH),42.9(CH),42.8(CH),41.2(CH),40.9(CH),40.8(CH),40.2(CH2),40.1(CH),39.2(CH2),38.3(CH),38.0(CH),34.7(CH2),34.6(CH2),33.8(CH),33.6(CH),32.9(CH),32.4(CH2),31.3(CH2),30.5(CH2),27.9(CH2),27.4(CH2),24.3(CH2),14.0(CH3),13.9(CH3),13.8(CH3)。
实施例5:
光聚合和体积收缩的测定
通过聚合前后的密度测量的方式来测量来自实施例1的根据本发明的单体1(实施例5,B1)在聚合过程中的体积收缩(聚合收缩率)ΔVP,并与市售的参考单体1,10-癸二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(D3MA,CAS:6701-13-9)(实施例5:比较例V1)进行比较。使用D3MA作为参考是因为D3MA同样在可聚合基团之间具有亚烷基间隔基并且具有与1相同的原子间距离。此外,将来自实施例2的已知的(参见:US 5,145,374)可环化聚合的单体2用作参考单体(实施例5:比例V2)。单体的密度通过1毫升比重计确定,而固化的聚合物的密度通过阿基米德原理确定。将1mol%BMDG(双(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-二乙基锗)作为光引发剂添加到单体中,将其倒入硅树脂模具(15x10x4mm)中,并使用光炉(Lumamat 100型,Ivoclar AG,400-500nm,20mW cm-2)进行固化,在每种情况下每侧10分钟。
表1:根据本发明的单体1以及比较化合物D3MAa和单体2的聚合收缩率ΔVP
表1中的结果证明,与现有技术中已知的类似的二甲基丙烯酸酯单体D3MA和可环化聚合的单体2相比,根据本发明的单体1出乎意料地显示出低得多的聚合收缩率,因此对于尽可能保持其形状的尺寸上精确的应用具有明显的优势。
实施例6:
通过RT-NIR光流变法测量反应性
为了研究根据本发明的单体1的光反应性,尤其是聚合诱导的收缩力,使用与Bruker Vertex 80IR光谱仪偶联以监控转化的来自安东帕(Anton Paar)的MCR302 WESP实时近红外(RT-NIR)光流变仪测量了来自实施例5的制备的制剂B1、V1和V2。使用PP-25测量系统,并且将测量间隙设置为0.2mm。在固化之前和固化过程中(样品表面上10mW·cm-2;400-500nm;Omnicure 2000),以振荡模式(1%挠度,1Hz)测量样品的储存模量和损耗模量。同时,在测量过程中以~4Hz的频率记录了试样的IR光谱。使用胶凝点(储存和损耗模量的交点)的到达和达到最终双键转化率的95%(t95%)所花费的时间用作光反应性的量度。另外,测定了胶凝点的转化率(DBCg)、总转化率(DBC)和光聚合诱导的收缩应力(FS)。获得的结果总结在表2中。
表2:单体1和参考单体2和D3MA的反应性测量的结果
如果考虑单体的胶凝点,则可以看出单体1在4.1s到达它,比参考化合物D3MA和单体2快得多。这证明了单体1的高反应性。相比之下,胶凝点的转化率在D3MA和单体1的情况下类似的低,为12-13%。可环化聚合的参考单体2在胶凝点显示出更高的转化率(23%),这可以通过部分环化聚合以及因此缺乏交联来解释。在单体1以及比较化合物2和D3MA的情况下,最终转化率均在约80%左右变化,其中D3MA达到稍高的DBC。这归因于长亚烷基链的较高的挠性,而单体1以及在某种程度上还有参考化合物2在聚合期间形成刚性环结构,因此特别是在聚合开始时显然具有优势。在根据本发明的单体1的情况下,在聚合期间发生的收缩力为-21N,比的参考物质D3MA的情况下-36N的收缩力低三分之一以上。与常规的二甲基丙烯酸酯相比,这显示出单体1的明显优点。结果令人惊讶地表明,同样可环化聚合的比较单体2也具有非常高的收缩力,这清楚地表明,与已知的比较化合物相比,根据本发明的化合物1具有明显的优点。
实施例7:
单体1与二甲基丙烯酸酯共聚单体的共聚
为了证明根据本发明的单体1的共聚能力,在每种情况下,基础树脂配制剂的一种组分(市售的二甲基丙烯酸酯氨基甲酸酯二甲基丙烯酸酯(UDMA,异构体混合物;CAS:72869-86-4)和1,10-癸二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(D3MA)的等摩尔混合物)被等摩尔量的单体1或参考单体2代替,并通过RT-NIR光流变仪研究了反应性和发生的收缩力。在每种情况下,将1mol%BMDG(双(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-二乙基锗)添加到混合物中作为光引发剂,并且类似于实施例6进行RT-NIR光流变法测量。
表3:共聚物的反应性测量结果
表3中的结果证明了单体1与低粘度D3MA和与粘性UDMA均具有良好的共聚作用。尽管与D3MA的共聚导致胶凝点晚1.7s,但比参考单体2与D3MA的共聚(9.3s)要快得多。与UDMA的共聚的胶凝在单体1和2的情况下在相同的范围内,其中单体2的胶凝快0.6s。在所有5种配制剂的情况下,最终转化率(~80%)和t95%(~90s)都在同一范围内。如果考虑发生的收缩力,则再次看到单体1的巨大优点。参考混合物V3的收缩力为-32N,而D3MA被单体1取代的收缩力仅为-23N。相比之下,如果使用参考单体2,则在与UDMA共聚的情况下其收缩力没有降低,并且甚至在与D3MA共聚的情况下,观察到其收缩力增加至-42N。因此可以证明,单体1与二甲基丙烯酸酯的共聚几乎不涉及反应性的降低,但是显示出显著的收缩力降低的优点。尽管作为可环化聚合的单体的参考单体2同样显示出与二甲基丙烯酸酯的高反应性,但是它致使所产生的收缩力增加,因此与单体1相比显然是不利的。
Claims (15)
2.根据权利要求1的牙科材料,其中所述变量具有以下含义:
R1为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C20烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氨基甲酸酯基、酯基和/或氧原子中断,
X、Y、Z彼此独立地在每种情况下为–COOR2、芳族C6-C10烃基或-CN,
R2为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C10烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氧原子中断,和
m为2或3。
3.根据权利要求1的牙科材料,其中所述变量具有以下含义:
R1为直链、支链或环状脂族C1-C12烃基,优选饱和的、支链的或优选直链的C2至C8烃基,其可以被一个或多个,优选1至3个氧原子中断,且优选地不被中断,
X、Y、Z彼此独立地在每种情况下为–COOR2或苯基,优选-COOR2,
R2为直链或支链C1-C4烃基,优选乙基,和
m为2或3,优选2。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的牙科材料,其还包含至少一种另外的可聚合的单体,优选至少一种可自由基聚合的单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯或多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯,特别优选甲基丙烯酸酯。
5.根据权利要求4的牙科材料,其包含作为另外的单体的一种或多种多官能单体,优选双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2-双[4-(2-羟基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基)苯基]丙烷(bis-GMA),乙氧基化或丙氧基化的双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯,优选2-[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙氧基乙氧基)苯基]-2-[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]丙烷)(SR-348c;包含3个乙氧基基团),2,2-双[4-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙氧基)苯基]丙烷,1,6-双-[2-甲基丙烯酰氧基-乙氧基羰基氨基]-2,2,4-三甲基己烷(UDMA),二-、三-或四乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯,季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯,甘油二甲基丙烯酸酯或甘油三甲基丙烯酸酯,1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,1,10-癸二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(D3MA),1,12-十二烷二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,双(甲基丙烯酰氧基甲基)三环-[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷(DCP)或其混合物。
6.根据权利要求4至5中任一项的牙科材料,其包含作为另外的单体的一种或多种单官能单体,优选一种或多种单甲基丙烯酸酯,特别优选甲基丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢糠酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸对枯基苯氧基乙二醇酯(CMP-1E)、甲基丙烯酸2-(2-联苯基氧)-乙酯或其混合物。
7.根据权利要求4至6中任一项的牙科材料,其在每种情况下相对于所述材料的总质量包含:
0.5至70重量%,优选1至60重量%,特别优选3至50重量%的至少一种式I的化合物,和/或
总共最多70重量%,优选1.5至60重量%,特别优选2至50重量%的多官能共聚单体,优选甲基丙烯酸酯,和/或
总共最多10重量%,优选0至10重量%,特别优选0至5重量%的单官能共聚单体,优选甲基丙烯酸酯。
8.根据权利要求4至7中任一项的牙科材料,其包含作为另外的单体的一种或多种多官能丙烯酸酯,优选乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化的双酚A二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇200二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯或其混合物。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项的牙科材料,其还包含至少一种用于通过UV光、通过可见光进行自由基聚合的引发剂,热引发剂和/或氧化还原引发剂。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项的牙科材料,其还包含至少一种无机填料。
11.根据权利要求4至10中任一项的牙科材料,其在每种情况下相对于所述材料的总质量包含:
a)0.5至70重量%,优选1至60重量%,特别优选3至50重量%的至少一种式I的化合物,
b)0.01-5重量%,优选0.1-3.0重量%,特别优选0.1-1.0重量%的至少一种引发剂,特别是光引发剂,
c)1至70重量%,优选1.5至60重量%,特别优选2至50重量%的至少一种可自由基聚合的共聚单体,
d)0至85重量%的至少一种填料。
12.根据权利要求11的牙科材料,其包含50至85重量%,特别优选70至80重量%,或10至70重量%,特别优选60至70重量%的填料。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项的牙科材料,其作为牙科粘固剂、填充复合材料、涂层或饰面材料用于治疗用途。
14.根据权利要求1至12中任一项的牙科材料用于制备或修复假牙、嵌体、高嵌体、牙冠或牙桥的非治疗用途。
15.根据权利要求1限定的式I的化合物用于制备医用材料的用途。
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JP7526686B2 (ja) | 2024-08-01 |
EP3861976A1 (de) | 2021-08-11 |
EP3861976B1 (de) | 2022-03-30 |
US20210236388A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
JP2021123593A (ja) | 2021-08-30 |
ES2913449T3 (es) | 2022-06-02 |
US11793732B2 (en) | 2023-10-24 |
CN113288817B (zh) | 2024-06-14 |
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