CN113280354A - Process method for introducing high-temperature tail gas into furnace through gas merging coupling in activated carbon preparation process - Google Patents
Process method for introducing high-temperature tail gas into furnace through gas merging coupling in activated carbon preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113280354A CN113280354A CN202110545455.1A CN202110545455A CN113280354A CN 113280354 A CN113280354 A CN 113280354A CN 202110545455 A CN202110545455 A CN 202110545455A CN 113280354 A CN113280354 A CN 113280354A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
- F23K2900/05004—Mixing two or more fluid fuels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for gas-combined coupling of high-temperature tail gas into a furnace in an activated carbon preparation process, and belongs to the technical field of tail gas treatment. The process method comprises the following steps: conveying the carbonized tail gas and the activated tail gas to a gas merging device at an included angle of 50-70 degrees, and introducing the mixed tail gas after uniform mixing into a boiler through a mixing pipeline; the gas merging device is of a Venturi structure, the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device is 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section, and a steel plate for dividing a pipeline is arranged in the radial direction of the throat part of the gas merging device, so that carbonized tail gas occupies 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device. The invention can realize gas-merging coupling of carbonized and activated tail gas without burning out high temperature into the furnace, thereby fully utilizing the residual energy in the tail gas, and simultaneously, the invention can utilize a flue gas treatment system to treat the flue gas, thereby realizing the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas treatment, and particularly relates to a process method for gas-combined coupling of high-temperature tail gas into a furnace in an activated carbon preparation process.
Background
In the production and preparation process of the activated carbon, such as combustion in a secondary combustion chamber, smoke and waste gas can be generated during fuel combustion, and a certain amount of combustible gas components can exist in the smoke because the fuel cannot be completely combusted in the combustion process in the secondary combustion chamber. Furthermore, in some processes, such as the carbonization process: the carbonaceous organic matter is decomposed at high temperature to release a large amount of non-carbon elements, and a corresponding carbonized material is prepared; the activation process comprises the following steps: the carbonized material and gasifying agents such as steam and the like are subjected to gasification reaction under the high-temperature condition to generate active carbon, a large amount of combustible gas is generated in the carbonization and activation processes, and the heat generated by combustion of the combustible gas is more than the energy required by the process, so that a small amount of combustible gas components are remained. The direct discharge of unburned tail gas produced in the chemical industry will cause environmental pollution and waste energy. Therefore, the carbonization activation tail gas is generally burnt respectively and then exhausted in a concentrated mode, but the problem of energy waste is not solved by the scheme.
Patent CN209836100U discloses a biomass circulating fluidized bed direct-fired boiler and gasifier coupling electricity generation coproduction active carbon system, and its combustible gas lets in biomass circulating fluidized bed direct-fired boiler through gas combustion equipment, leads to the precombustion of fluidization plenum through the gas spout and heats the biomass material, does not relate to the centralized processing of carbomorphism activation tail gas. Patent CN109666513A a biomass gasification and waste incineration coupled system adopts the form of adding the combustor in the middle to go into the stove with biomass gasification gas, has only utilized the heat after the burning.
The tail gas generated by carbonization and activation in the existing activated carbon preparation process has large difference in components, pressure and flow, and the two parts are relatively independent and are simultaneously carried out in the production process, so that a tail gas treatment system is independently arranged, the cost is high, the process is complex, and the energy recycling cannot be realized; the existing gasification coupling furnace also directly enters a boiler through one or two pipes, so that the phenomena of deflection of a combustion area and difficulty in adjustment of working conditions are caused; in addition, the tar contained in the tail gas in the carbonization and activation processes is conveyed at low temperature, so that the environmental pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a process method for gas-in-parallel coupling of high-temperature tail gas in the preparation process of activated carbon, which can gas-in-parallel couple carbonized and activated unburned tail gas into a furnace, thereby fully utilizing the residual energy in the tail gas, and simultaneously utilizing a flue gas treatment system to treat the flue gas to realize the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.
The technical scheme is as follows: a high-temperature tail gas merging and gas coupling process method in an activated carbon preparation process comprises the steps of conveying carbonized tail gas and activated tail gas to a merging device at an included angle of 50-70 degrees, and introducing mixed tail gas after uniform mixing into a boiler through a mixing pipeline; the gas merging device is of a Venturi structure, the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device is 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section, and a steel plate for dividing a pipeline is arranged in the radial direction of the throat part of the gas merging device, so that carbonized tail gas occupies 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device.
Preferably, the length of the steel plate is greater than 100 mm.
Preferably, the temperature of the carbonization tail gas and the activation tail gas is 350-450 ℃.
Preferably, the pipe diameters of the conveying pipelines for the carbonized tail gas and the activated tail gas are positively correlated with the preparation scale of the activated carbon.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline of the carbonized tail gas is DN 500-DN 800 and the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline of the activated tail gas is DN 300-DN 500 in a scale of preparing the activated carbon by 3-10 t/d.
Preferably, the mixing pipeline comprises a main pipe and a branch pipe, one end of the branch pipe is connected with the main pipe, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected with a secondary air port of the boiler.
Preferably, a booster fan is arranged on the main pipe.
Preferably, the number of the branch pipelines is 5-20.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the gas in the branch pipe is controlled to be 40-90 m/s.
Preferably, the secondary air ports connected with the branch pipes are staggered with the secondary air ports not connected with the branch pipes.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, unburned carbonized and activated high-temperature tail gas is mixed by the gas mixing device and then enters the boiler hearth of the power plant, the original secondary air pipe is utilized, the air distribution inlet is uniformly arranged, the reasonable gas mixing of the unburned tail gas is realized, the unburned tail gas is coupled into the boiler for combustion, the energy is recycled, the preparation scale of the wood activated carbon is only 3t/d, and the newly increased power generation benefit is up to 500 ten thousand yuan per year. Meanwhile, the unburned tail gas containing reducing components enters the furnace to be combusted, so that the disturbance in the furnace can be enhanced, the combustion in the furnace and the control of pollutant emission are facilitated, the NOx emission is reduced by about 20%, and the ash burnout rate is improved by 1-2%.
1. Through setting of carbonization and activation tail gas pipeline angle and venturi structure, the problem of gas mixing caused by different gas working conditions is avoided. Meanwhile, tail gas in the whole process is mixed more fully, and the conveying is more stable.
2. The unburned tail gas is treated by coupling the high-temperature tail gas into the boiler, so that the equipment investment cost and the operation cost are saved.
3. The original secondary air port is used for reforming the tail gas inlet, and the method is simple, low in cost and low in construction difficulty.
4. Compare and directly go into the stove through a pipeline in traditional gas income stove mode, take place the phenomenon of detonation and combustion area skew easily, adopt crisscross interval evenly arranged, be favorable to going into the mixture of stove tail gas and air, the composition that does not burn to the greatest extent in the tail gas can the intensive combustion.
5. The secondary air port is positioned in a combustion area of the hearth, unburned tail gas is uniformly introduced at a high speed to increase the disturbance in the boiler, and the temperature of the combustion area is increased, so that the combustion in the boiler is more sufficient.
6. The introduction of combustible gas components in the tail gas enhances the reducing atmosphere in the combustion area of the hearth, thereby being beneficial to the control of pollutant emission, in particular to the removal of nitrogen oxides.
7. The method realizes the reutilization of unburned components in the high-temperature tail gas, recovers energy and realizes carbon electricity or carbon heat cogeneration at the lowest cost.
8. The flue gas after burning and power plant's boiler flue gas discharge after handling up to standard through gas cleaning system together, can not cause environmental pollution, need not increase extra gas cleaning equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of gas-in-gas coupling of carbonized activated tail gas of activated carbon into a furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gas merging device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a mixing duct;
the numerical designations in the drawings represent the following: 1. the system comprises a conveying pipeline for carbonized tail gas, a conveying pipeline for activated tail gas, a gas mixing device, a mixing pipeline, a booster fan, a branch pipeline and a pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline for the carbonized tail gas, the conveying pipeline for the activated tail gas, the gas mixing device, the mixing pipeline, the booster fan and the branch pipeline are arranged in sequence.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in the preparation process of the activated carbon, the carbonized tail gas of 350-450 ℃ generated in the carbonization process and the activated tail gas of 350-450 ℃ generated in the activation process keep an included angle of 50-70 degrees, enter the gas merging device 3, generate negative pressure by the gas merging device 3, suck the gas of one path with smaller pressure into the gas merging device 3, the gas of one path with larger pressure enters the mixing pipeline 4 for conveying due to the change of the internal structure, the speed is increased, the pressure is reduced, the two paths of tail gases are mixed and then enter the mixing pipeline 4, and the booster fan 5 is positioned beside the boiler and used for improving the pressure of the gas entering the boiler in the pipe of the mixing pipeline 4. After the booster fan 5 pressure boost through establishing on the female pipe of hybrid piping 4, mixed tail gas pressure increases, at the female pipe trompil of hybrid piping 4, evenly gets into the boiler along the overgrate air inlet through lateral conduit 6, realizes the coupling and the gas income stove process.
The gas mixing device 3 is of a Venturi structure, the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas mixing device is 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section, a steel plate for dividing the pipeline is arranged in the radial direction of the throat part of the gas mixing device, and the length of the steel plate is larger than 100mm, so that the carbonized tail gas occupies 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas mixing device 3. The pipe diameters of the conveying pipelines of the carbonized tail gas and the activated tail gas are positively correlated with the preparation scale of the active carbon; under the scale of preparing 3-10 t/d of active carbon, the pipe diameter of a conveying pipeline 1 for carbonized tail gas is DN 500-DN 800, and the pipe diameter of a conveying pipeline 2 for activated tail gas is DN 300-DN 500.
Taking the production scale of 3t/d wood activated carbon as an example, the gas mixing device 3 with a Venturi structure is adopted for carbonization and activation, so that the process of fully mixing gas is realized, the regulation process of tail gas pressure and flow at two sides of carbonization and activation does not need to be considered, the stable working condition of the carbonization and activation process is fully ensured, and the product index is controllable. As shown in fig. 2, the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline 1 for the carbonized tail gas is DN500, the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline 2 for the activated tail gas is DN300, the included angle between the two is 70 °, and the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device 3 after gas merging is DN 500. A steel plate with the length of more than 100mm, shown as 500mm in figure 2, is additionally arranged in the radial direction of the throat part of the gas merging device 3, and the steel plate is divided to ensure that the gas with high flow speed has enough compression time. The carbonization tail gas accounts for 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section of the gas merging device 3, and is 1/2 in figure 2; after the carbonization tail gas enters, the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas merging device 3 is reduced to 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section, and 1/2 is shown in figure 2; the flow speed of the carbonization tail gas is increased, a certain negative pressure is generated at the tail end of the steel plate, and the activated gas is sucked into the gas mixing device to realize gas mixing. Therefore, even if the flow and the pressure of the activated tail gas are far smaller than those of the carbonized tail gas in actual production, the structure can ensure that the two gas streams are fully mixed, and the phenomenon of gas mixing is avoided. Meanwhile, by the structure, the carbonized and activated tail gas can be further fully mixed, so that the stability of rear-end conveying and charging is ensured.
Unburned tail gas generated by carbonization and activation is introduced into a hearth without adding a new hole on the wall of the hearth, an inlet of the unburned tail gas is modified by using a secondary air port of a power plant boiler, and the hole distribution mode of the unburned flue gas introduced into the hearth is the arrangement mode of the secondary air port of the hearth of the original boiler; the smoke hole distribution mode utilizes the original air ports in the secondary air box to change part of secondary air ports into smoke inlets, and the smoke inlets and the secondary air ports are arranged in a staggered and uniform mode. The number and diameter of the branch pipes 6 connected to the furnace are controlled according to the flow rate of the gas to be charged, generally 5 to 20, and the flow rate of the gas in the branch pipes 6 is controlled to 40 to 90 m/s. Not only ensures that the gas entering the furnace has enough jet velocity and enters the hearth to form turbulent flow, but also ensures sufficient combustion and heat recycling. As shown in FIG. 3, the tail gas in the mother tube of DN500 is uniformly fed into the furnace chamber through branch pipes 6 of 10 DN100, and the injection speed is controlled at 60 m/s. Wherein, in order to alleviate thermal expansion stress, be equipped with the metal flexible coupling between the female pipe.
The method can realize energy recycling, the wood activated carbon of only 3t/d is large, the annual power generation benefit is as high as 500 ten thousand yuan, in addition, the NOx emission is reduced by about 20 percent through factors such as tail gas turbulence and reduction components of the tail gas, and the ash burnout rate is improved by 1-2 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A process method for gas combination and feeding of high-temperature tail gas in an activated carbon preparation process is characterized in that carbonized tail gas and activated tail gas are conveyed to a gas combination device at an included angle of 50-70 degrees, and mixed tail gas after uniform mixing is introduced into a boiler through a mixing pipeline; the gas mixing device is of a Venturi structure, the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas mixing device is 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the inlet section, a steel plate for cutting the pipeline is arranged in the radial direction of the throat part of the gas mixing device, the carbonized tail gas accounts for 1/2-1/3 of the pipe diameter of the throat part of the gas mixing device, negative pressure is generated after the carbonized tail gas passes through the pipe diameter of the throat part, and the carbonized tail gas is sucked and activated.
2. The process method for the gas-in coupling of the high-temperature tail gas in the activated carbon preparation process into the furnace according to claim 1, wherein the length of the steel plate is more than 100 mm.
3. The process method for the combined gas coupling of the high-temperature tail gas into the furnace in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the carbonization tail gas and the activation tail gas is 350-450 ℃.
4. The process method for the combined gas-in coupling of the high-temperature tail gas into the furnace in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the pipe diameters of the conveying pipelines for the carbonized tail gas and the activated tail gas are positively correlated with the preparation scale of the activated carbon.
5. The process method for the gas-in coupling of the high-temperature tail gas in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 4, wherein the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline of the carbonized tail gas is DN 500-DN 800 and the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline of the activated tail gas is DN 300-DN 500 at a scale of 3-10 t/d for preparing the activated carbon.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the mixing pipeline comprises a main pipe and a branch pipe, one end of the branch pipe is connected with the main pipe, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected with a secondary air port of a boiler.
7. The process method for the combined gas and gas coupling of the high-temperature tail gas into the furnace in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 6, wherein a booster fan is arranged on the main pipe.
8. The process method for the combined gas and gas coupling of the high-temperature tail gas into the furnace in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 6, wherein the number of the branch pipelines is 5-20.
9. The process method for the combined gas and gas coupling of the high-temperature tail gas into the furnace in the activated carbon preparation process according to claim 6, wherein the gas flow velocity in the branch pipeline is controlled to be 40-90 m/s.
10. The process of claim 6, wherein the secondary air ports connected with the branch pipes are staggered with the secondary air ports not connected with the branch pipes.
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