CN113279811B - Reconstruction method and construction method for layered old goaf roof on super-thick coal seam - Google Patents
Reconstruction method and construction method for layered old goaf roof on super-thick coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279811B CN113279811B CN202110589840.6A CN202110589840A CN113279811B CN 113279811 B CN113279811 B CN 113279811B CN 202110589840 A CN202110589840 A CN 202110589840A CN 113279811 B CN113279811 B CN 113279811B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reconstructing a top plate of a layered old goaf on an ultra-thick coal seam and a construction method, comprising the following steps: step 1: arranging roadway filling holes which are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, wherein the distance between the roadway filling holes and the end part of the roadway is not more than 20m; filling the roadway filling holes after the roadway filling holes are drilled, wherein filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting; step 2: setting goaf filling holes; taking a row as a unit, arranging goaf filling holes according to adjacent row plug spaces, wherein the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m; and the goaf filling holes are drilled in a row-by-row filling mode, and filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting. According to the invention, holes are drilled from the ground in the range of the roadway and the goaf of the old goaf, and the roadway and the goaf are filled with aggregate by filling and pressurizing grouting, so that the dual aims of roof reconstruction and water and gas hidden danger management are realized, and safety guarantee is provided for lower layered coal exploitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a method for reconstructing a top plate of a layered old goaf on an ultra-thick coal seam and a construction method.
Background
Coal is used as a main body of no-longer-available energy, the yield is improved to the greatest extent, and safe and efficient exploitation of coal is realized, so that the coal is an important component of construction of an energy resource guarantee system and implementation of sustainable development strategy in China. For historical reasons, the mining modes of mining thickness, thinning, roof digging, bottom digging, fertilizer, thinning, good and bad mining and easy and difficult mining of small coal kilns in mining areas in China cause serious damage to the integrity of coal beds, and a large amount of coal resource waste is caused. According to incomplete statistics, the reserve of abandoned coal resources in the whole country is about 1200 hundred million tons, the recoverable reserve is about 403 hundred million tons, the reserve of resources is huge, the recoverable coal recovery increases 30% of recoverable reserves in China, and the abandoned resources of the thick coal seam are more widely occurred. The thick coal seam in China is quite rich in reserve, and the thick (the coal thickness is more than 3.5 m) and the extra thick coal seam (the coal thickness is more than 8 m) are main coal seams which are produced by coal mines in China at high yield and high efficiency, and the reserve accounts for 45% of the whole country. In recent years, as coal resource integration proceeds, thick coal seam abandoned resources become main exploitation objects of resource integration mines. The thick coal seam after resource integration is generally mined in a fully mechanized caving mining mode, and along with the progress of surrounding rock control theory, fully mechanized caving mining technology and equipment of the ultra-thick coal seam large mining height fully mechanized caving mining, the technical problems of supporting and working face safety guarantee of the large-section coal roadway under complex conditions are solved, and the safe and efficient mining of the 14-20 m ultra-thick coal seam can be realized. In order to realize the coal industry policy of improving the resource utilization rate, the closed mining area is required to be opened again to mine the lower coal, however, the conditions of water, toxic and harmful gas aggregation, roof collapse and breakage and the like in the goaf are unknown at present, water burst, ignition, poisoning and collapse accidents can occur when the mining area is opened again, the risk is extremely high, the old goaf and a roadway are required to be filled, water and toxic and harmful gas are discharged, the collapsed and broken rock stratum is consolidated, and geological guarantee is provided for mining the lower coal resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for reconstructing a roof of a layered old goaf on an ultra-thick coal seam, which solves the problems that after the upper layering is adopted in the existing ultra-thick coal seam exploitation, water and gas in a sealed goaf are gathered, the roof is crushed by slumping, and water burst, ignition and collapse accidents can occur when the roof is restarted. According to the invention, the goaf and the mining roadway are filled and reinforced by using the drill holes, so that the water, toxic and harmful gas treatment and roof reconstruction of the upper layered goaf are realized, and the safety exploitation of the lower coal is ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for reconstructing a top plate of a layered old goaf on an ultra-thick coal seam comprises the following steps:
Step 1: arranging roadway filling holes which are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, wherein the distance between the roadway filling holes and the end part of the roadway is not more than 20m; filling the roadway filling holes after the roadway filling holes are drilled, wherein filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting;
step 2: setting goaf filling holes; taking a row as a unit, arranging goaf filling holes according to adjacent row plug spaces, wherein the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m; and the goaf filling holes are drilled in a row-by-row filling mode, and filling comprises grouting and/or aggregate filling.
Optionally, the filling of the roadway filling hole includes:
And (3) pouring aggregate: the water flow rate of the poured aggregate is 60-100 m 3/h, and sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1 or selecting single aggregate, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 0.2-0.5 mm, the grain diameter of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water to aggregate is 12-8: 1, stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa;
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, sweeping holes to a roadway, and injecting P.O32.5 cement and secondary fly ash according to the mass ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.4-1.7, the grouting flow is 400-250L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.0-1.5 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min.
Optionally, filling the goaf filling hole includes:
The goaf filling holes comprise goaf filling first-order holes and goaf filling second-order holes, the goaf filling first-order holes and the goaf filling second-order holes are arranged at intervals according to adjacent rows of inserting spaces, one row of goaf filling second-order holes is used as a drainage vent hole every 150-200 m along the goaf trend, and then the goaf filling second-order holes are filled in a pushing mode from a stoping line to a cutting hole from low to high;
Grouting: each drilling time is 10-15 m, which is a grouting section; the mass ratio of the injected cement to the fly ash is 7:3 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting the slurry with the flow rate of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow rate to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5-2.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min; and when the consumption of the drilling fluid is more than 50m 3/h or the grouting amount is more than 40t/h, pouring aggregate.
Optionally, the filling takes the filling of the first-order holes of the adjacent goaf and the filling of the second-order holes of the middle goaf as construction units;
firstly, filling the first-order holes of adjacent goafs respectively, and then filling the second-order holes of goafs.
Optionally, the roadway filling hole aperture: the aperture of the opening hole is 311 mm-215.9 mm, the opening hole is drilled to 10-15 m above the roadway and the goaf, and the penetrating roadway adopts the aperture of 152 mm-127 mm;
Roadway filling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, and 1 time of inclinometry is carried out every 10-20 m in the drilling process.
A construction method for reconstructing a top plate of a layered old goaf on an ultra-thick coal seam comprises the following steps:
S1: constructing a roadway filling hole;
The roadway filling holes are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, and the distance between the roadway filling holes and the end part of the roadway is not more than 20m; filling the roadway filling holes after the roadway filling holes are drilled, wherein filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting;
S2: constructing goaf filling holes;
Taking a row as a unit, arranging goaf filling holes according to adjacent row plug spaces, wherein the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m; and the goaf filling holes are drilled in a row-by-row filling mode, and filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting.
Optionally, the filling of the roadway filling hole includes:
And (3) pouring aggregate: the water flow rate of the poured aggregate is 60-100 m 3/h, and sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1 or selecting single aggregate, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 0.2-0.5 mm, the grain diameter of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water to aggregate is 12-8: 1, stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa;
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, sweeping holes to a roadway, and injecting P.O32.5 cement and secondary fly ash according to the mass ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.4-1.7, the grouting flow is 400-250L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.0-1.5 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min.
Optionally, filling the goaf filling hole includes:
The goaf filling holes comprise goaf filling first-order holes and goaf filling second-order holes, the goaf filling first-order holes and the goaf filling second-order holes are arranged at intervals according to adjacent rows of inserting spaces, one row of goaf filling second-order holes is used as a drainage vent hole every 150-200 m along the goaf trend, and then the goaf filling second-order holes are filled in a pushing mode from a stoping line to a cutting hole from low to high;
Grouting: each drilling time is 10-15 m, which is a grouting section; the mass ratio of the injected cement to the fly ash is 7:3 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting the slurry with the flow rate of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow rate to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5-2.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min; and when the consumption of the drilling fluid is more than 50m 3/h or the grouting amount is more than 40t/h, pouring aggregate.
Optionally, the roadway filling hole aperture: the aperture of the opening hole is 311 mm-215.9 mm, the opening hole is drilled to 10-15 m above the roadway and the goaf, and the penetrating roadway adopts the aperture of 152 mm-127 mm;
Roadway filling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, and 1 time of inclinometry is carried out every 10-20 m in the drilling process;
casing depth: the sleeve is lowered to 10-15 m above the tunnel roof and the goaf;
the construction sequence is as follows: dividing each roadway into N construction sections according to the interval of 400-500 m, constructing the drilling and penetrating lane at the lowest position of each construction section firstly, then serving as a water drainage and air exhaust hole, constructing the construction sections one by one from the lower position of the roadway to the higher position, and constructing the drilling and hole jumping of each construction section.
Optionally, the filling takes the filling of the first-order holes of the adjacent goaf and the filling of the second-order holes of the middle goaf as construction units;
firstly, filling the first-order holes of adjacent goafs respectively, and then filling the second-order holes of goafs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the invention, holes are drilled from the ground in the range of the roadway and the goaf of the old goaf, the cavities of the roadway and the goaf are filled by filling aggregate and pressurizing grouting, water and toxic and harmful gas in the cavities are replaced, meanwhile, loose and broken rocks are glued into a complete solidified body, multiple targets of roof reconstruction and treatment of hidden danger of water and gas are realized, and safety geological guarantee is provided for lower layer mining.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a roof reconstruction borehole arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a goaf roof reconstruction borehole arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of roadway filling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of horizontal roadway filling;
In the figure, a 1-roadway, a 2-roadway filling drill hole, a 3-goaf, a 4-goaf filling a first-order hole, a 5-goaf filling a second-order hole, a 6-sleeve, 7-upper coal, 8-lower coal, a 9-aggregate stack, a 10-slurry filling body, 11-drainage vent holes and 12-inspection holes are formed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in any way, and all embodiments using the technical solution of the present embodiment, including simple changes, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
So that the manner in which the structural features and advantages of the present invention are attained and can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Step 1: geological and mining data are collected, including stratum structures, distribution and elevation of the roadway 1, mining height, mining depth and range and elevation of the goaf 3.
Step 2: a borehole position is determined. The roadway filling drill holes 2 are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway 1 according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, and the drill hole distance from the two ends of the roadway 1 is not more than 20m; the goaf filling first-order holes 4 and the goaf filling second-order holes 5 are arranged according to the interval of adjacent rows of plug-in pins, the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m.
Step 3: and filling the roadway 1.
Drilling and positioning: the borehole aperture measurement loft accuracy requirement is that the error from the design coordinates be no greater than 1m.
Drilling hole diameter: the aperture of the opening hole is 311 mm-215.9 mm, the opening hole is drilled to 10-15 m above the roadway and the goaf, and the penetrating roadway adopts the aperture of 152 mm-127 mm.
Drilling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, and 1 time of inclinometry is carried out every 10-20 m in the drilling process. Ensuring that the roadway can be accurately penetrated.
Casing depth: and the sleeve 6 is arranged below the tunnel roof for 10-15 m, and the cement is well fixed.
The construction sequence is as follows: each roadway 1 is divided into N construction sections according to the interval of 400-500 m, each construction section firstly constructs a drilling and penetrating roadway at the lowest position and then serves as a water drainage and exhaust hole 11, then constructs from the lower position of the roadway 1 to the higher position one by one, and constructs drilling and hole skipping construction of each construction section.
And (5) penetrating a roadway: after the casing 6 is completed, drilling and tunneling are carried out, and the occurrence of drill falling, emptying or a large amount of drilling fluid leakage indicates that the tunneling is completed.
And (3) pouring aggregate: after the drift is completed, a drill rod is put forward, a negative pressure meter, a pipeline and a funnel are arranged at the orifice, and aggregate is carried by water flow to carry the aggregate for pouring. Before filling, carrying out a water injection test, and simultaneously observing the water level of the water discharge vent 11 to judge the connectivity of the roadway 1, wherein the water flow of the filling aggregate is 60-100 m 3/h, and the aggregate is sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1 or selecting single aggregate, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 0.2-0.5 mm, the grain diameter of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water to aggregate is (12:1) - (8:1). And stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa. Aggregate stacks 9 are formed in the roadway.
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, sweeping holes to a roadway, and injecting P.O32.5 cement and secondary fly ash according to the mass ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.4-1.7, the grouting flow is 400-250L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.0-1.5 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min. A grout filling body 10 is formed in the roadway.
And (3) reinforcing: and after grouting, sweeping holes, drilling to 1-2 m below the bottom plate of the roadway 1, lifting the drill, and carrying out supplementary grouting reinforcement again, wherein pure cement paste is selected for supplementary grouting.
And (3) sequentially constructing each construction section from a low place to a high place until filling of all the roadways 1 is completed.
Step 4: the goaf 3 is filled.
After the roadway 1 is filled, the goaf 3 forms a closed space, slurry loss is avoided, at this time, goaf filling holes are constructed, drilling is performed in two orders, goaf filling first order holes 4 are constructed firstly, goaf filling second order holes 5 are constructed later, and sleeves 6 are all lowered to 10-15m above the goaf 3. Firstly, a row of goaf filling two-sequence holes 5 are constructed every 150-200 m along the trend of the goaf 3 to serve as drainage and exhaust holes, and then the goaf filling two-sequence holes are propelled from low to high and from a stoping line to a cutting hole to 'squeeze toothpaste'. The working face is longer and can be constructed simultaneously in a plurality of construction sections. For example, filling takes a first-order hole 4 filled in the adjacent goaf and a second-order hole 5 filled in the middle goaf as construction units; firstly, filling the first sequence holes 4 of adjacent goafs respectively, and then filling the second sequence holes 5 of goafs.
Grouting section length: and each drilling time is 10-15 m after entering the goaf 3, and the grouting section is one grouting section.
Grouting: the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 7 by adopting an orifice slurry-stopping pure-pressure static pressure continuous grouting method: 3. or 6:4, the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.4-1.7, the grouting flow is 400-250L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5-2.5 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min. And (3) injecting aggregate when the grouting amount is large or the goaf gap is large, wherein the aggregate is injected in the same way as the aggregate in the step (3).
Step 5: and constructing the inspection holes 12, and increasing 10% -15% of the total number of the constructed drilling holes to serve as the inspection holes. The permeability and strength of the pack were checked by a simple pressurized water test and a core strength test. Inspection standard: the water permeability of the pressurized water test is smaller than 1Lu, and the saturated compressive strength of the core of the filling body is 2-5 MPa.
Embodiment one:
Step 1: geological and mining data are collected, the distribution plan diagram of the upper layer roadway and the goaf is shown in fig. 1, the thickness of a coal layer is 9m, the thickness of upper coal layer 7 is 3m, and the thickness of lower coal layer 8 to be mined is 6m.
Step 2: as shown, the borehole location is determined. The roadway filling drill holes 2 are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80m, and the drill holes are 15m away from the two ends of the roadway 1; the goaf filling first-order holes 4 and the goaf filling second-order holes 5 are arranged according to the interval of adjacent rows of inserts, the hole spacing is 60m, and the row spacing is 30m.
Step 3: as shown in fig. 1,3 and 4, the roadway 1 is filled.
Drilling and positioning: lofting and positioning are carried out according to the designed drilling hole orifice coordinates, and the error between the lofting coordinates and the designed coordinates is not more than 1m;
drilling: the hole diameter is 215.9mm, drilling is carried out to 10m on the top plate of the roadway 1, a sleeve 6 with diameter of 177.8X8.05 mm is put in, and after well cementation, the roadway is penetrated by using the hole diameter of 152 mm.
Drilling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, 1 time of inclination measurement is carried out every 20m in the drilling process, and the straight screw is configured to drill vertically, so that the roadway can be accurately penetrated.
The construction sequence is as follows: each roadway 1 is divided into N construction sections according to the interval of 400m, the drilling and the passing of the lowest position of each construction section are firstly constructed, then the drilling and the passing of the roadway are used as the water draining and exhausting holes 11, the construction sections are constructed one by one from the lower position of the roadway 1 to the higher position, and the drilling and the hole skipping of each construction section are constructed.
And (5) penetrating a roadway: after the casing 6 is completed, drilling and tunneling are carried out, and the occurrence of drill falling, emptying or a large amount of drilling fluid leakage indicates that the tunneling is completed.
And (3) pouring aggregate: after the drift is completed, a drill rod is put forward, a negative pressure meter, a pipeline and a blanking funnel are arranged at the orifice, and aggregate is carried by water flow to carry the aggregate for pouring. Before filling, carrying out a water injection test, and simultaneously observing the water level of the water discharge vent 11 to judge the connectivity of the roadway, wherein the water flow of the filling aggregate is 100m 3/h, and sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1, wherein the sand is fine sand-medium sand with the particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm, the particle size of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water aggregate is 10:1. and stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa. Aggregate stacks 9 are formed in the roadway.
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, the hole is swept to a roadway 1, and the mass ratio of the injected P.O32.5 cement to the secondary fly ash is 5:5, mixing the slurry, wherein the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.7, the grouting flow is 400L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 52L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stable for 15 min. A grout filling body 10 is formed in the roadway.
And (3) reinforcing: and after grouting, sweeping holes, drilling to 2m below the bottom plate of the roadway 1, lifting the drill, carrying out supplementary grouting reinforcement again, selecting pure cement slurry for supplementary grouting, and stopping grouting after the specific gravity is 1.7, the grouting flow is 250L/min, the orifice pressure reaches 1.5MPa, and reducing the grouting flow to 52L/min, and the pressure is stable for 15 min.
And (3) sequentially constructing each construction section from a low place to a high place until filling of all the roadways 1 is completed.
Step 4: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the goaf 3 is filled.
After the roadway 1 is filled, the goaf 3 forms a closed space, slurry is prevented from running away, at the moment, goaf filling holes are constructed, drilling is performed in two sequences, and the drilling sleeve 6 is lowered to 10m above the goaf 3.
Firstly, constructing a row of goaf filling two-sequence holes 5 as drainage and exhaust holes every 200m along the goaf trend, then advancing the goaf filling two-sequence holes 4 according to the 'toothpaste squeezing' from low to high and from stop line to cutting hole, and then constructing goaf filling two-sequence holes 5 to inspect and strengthen the section between the two-sequence holes.
Grouting section length: and each 10m of drilling time is a grouting section after entering the goaf 3.
Grouting: the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 6: 4. the specific gravity of the mixed slurry is 1.7, the grouting flow is 300L/min, the grouting flow is reduced to 52L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is stabilized for 15 min. And (3) injecting aggregate when the grouting amount is more than 40t/h or the goaf drilling fluid consumption amount is more than 50m 3/h, wherein the aggregate injection mode is the same as that of the aggregate injection in the step (3).
Step 5: the inspection hole 12 was constructed, and 10% of the total number of the drilled holes for construction was added as the inspection hole 12. The permeability and strength of the pack were checked by a simple pressurized water test and a core strength test. The water permeability of the test results in the pressurized water test is smaller than 1Lu, and the saturated compressive strength of the core of the filling body is larger than 2MPa.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the embodiments described above, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
In addition, the specific features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure does not further describe various possible combinations.
Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.
Claims (4)
1. The method for reconstructing the top plate of the layered old goaf on the super-thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1: arranging roadway filling holes which are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, wherein the distance between the roadway filling holes and the end part of the roadway is not more than 20m; filling the roadway filling holes after the roadway filling holes are drilled, wherein filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting;
Step 2: setting goaf filling holes; taking a row as a unit, arranging goaf filling holes according to adjacent row plug spaces, wherein the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m; and the goaf filling holes are drilled in a row-by-row filling mode, and filling comprises grouting and/or aggregate filling;
The filling of the roadway filling holes comprises the following steps:
And (3) pouring aggregate: the water flow rate of the poured aggregate is 60-100 m 3/h, and sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1 or selecting single aggregate, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 0.2-0.5 mm, the grain diameter of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water to aggregate is 12-8: 1, stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa;
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, sweeping holes to a roadway, and injecting P.O32.5 cement and secondary fly ash according to the mass ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting flow of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.0-1.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min;
Filling of goaf filling holes comprises:
The goaf filling holes comprise goaf filling first-order holes and goaf filling second-order holes, the goaf filling first-order holes and the goaf filling second-order holes are arranged at intervals according to adjacent rows of inserting spaces, one row of goaf filling second-order holes is used as a drainage vent hole every 150-200 m along the goaf trend, and then the goaf filling second-order holes are filled in a pushing mode from a stoping line to a cutting hole from low to high;
Grouting: each drilling time is 10-15 m, which is a grouting section; the mass ratio of the injected cement to the fly ash is 7:3 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting the slurry with the flow rate of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow rate to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5-2.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min; when the consumption of drilling fluid is more than 50m 3/h or the grouting amount is more than 40t/h, pouring aggregate;
the filling is carried out according to the first-order holes filled in the adjacent goaf and the second-order holes filled in the middle goaf as construction units;
firstly, filling the first-order holes of adjacent goafs respectively, and then filling the second-order holes of goafs.
2. The method for reconstructing the roof of the layered old goaf on the ultra-thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the filling hole of the roadway is: the aperture of the opening hole is 311 mm-215.9 mm, the opening hole is drilled to 10-15 m above the roadway and the goaf, and the penetrating roadway adopts the aperture of 152 mm-127 mm;
Roadway filling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, and 1 time of inclinometry is carried out every 10-20 m in the drilling process.
3. The construction method for reconstructing the top plate of the layered old goaf on the super-thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: constructing a roadway filling hole;
The roadway filling holes are arranged along the trend center line of the roadway according to the hole spacing of 80-100 m, and the distance between the roadway filling holes and the end part of the roadway is not more than 20m; filling the roadway filling holes after the roadway filling holes are drilled, wherein filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting;
S2: constructing goaf filling holes;
Taking a row as a unit, arranging goaf filling holes according to adjacent row plug spaces, wherein the hole spacing is 40-60 m, and the row spacing is 20-30 m; and the goaf filling holes are drilled in a row-by-row filling mode, and filling comprises filling aggregate and grouting;
The filling of the roadway filling holes comprises the following steps:
And (3) pouring aggregate: the water flow rate of the poured aggregate is 60-100 m 3/h, and sand in the aggregate: the mass ratio of the gangue is 1:1 or selecting single aggregate, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 0.2-0.5 mm, the grain diameter of gangue is 5-15 mm, and the mass ratio of water to aggregate is 12-8: 1, stopping pouring under the negative pressure of less than 0.04 MPa;
Grouting: after the aggregate is poured, sweeping holes to a roadway, and injecting P.O32.5 cement and secondary fly ash according to the mass ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting flow of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.0-1.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min;
Filling of goaf filling holes comprises:
The goaf filling holes comprise goaf filling first-order holes and goaf filling second-order holes, the goaf filling first-order holes and the goaf filling second-order holes are arranged at intervals according to adjacent rows of inserting spaces, one row of goaf filling second-order holes is used as a drainage vent hole every 150-200 m along the goaf trend, and then the goaf filling second-order holes are filled in a pushing mode from a stoping line to a cutting hole from low to high;
Grouting: each drilling time is 10-15 m, which is a grouting section; the mass ratio of the injected cement to the fly ash is 7:3 or 6:4, mixing the slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4-1.7, grouting the slurry with the flow rate of 400-250L/min, reducing the grouting flow rate to 40-60L/min after the orifice pressure reaches 1.5-2.5 MPa, and stopping grouting after the pressure is stable for 15-20 min; when the consumption of drilling fluid is more than 50m 3/h or the grouting amount is more than 40t/h, pouring aggregate;
the filling is carried out according to the first-order holes filled in the adjacent goaf and the second-order holes filled in the middle goaf as construction units;
firstly, filling the first-order holes of adjacent goafs respectively, and then filling the second-order holes of goafs.
4. The construction method for reconstructing the roof of the layered old goaf on the super-thick coal seam according to claim 3, wherein the aperture of the filling hole of the roadway is: the aperture of the opening hole is 311 mm-215.9 mm, the opening hole is drilled to 10-15 m above the roadway and the goaf, and the penetrating roadway adopts the aperture of 152 mm-127 mm;
Roadway filling hole inclination: the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 2m, and 1 time of inclinometry is carried out every 10-20 m in the drilling process;
casing depth: the sleeve is lowered to 10-15 m above the tunnel roof and the goaf;
the construction sequence is as follows: dividing each roadway into N construction sections according to the interval of 400-500 m, constructing the drilling and penetrating lane at the lowest position of each construction section firstly, then serving as a water drainage and air exhaust hole, constructing the construction sections one by one from the lower position of the roadway to the higher position, and constructing the drilling and hole jumping of each construction section.
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| CN202110589840.6A CN113279811B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Reconstruction method and construction method for layered old goaf roof on super-thick coal seam |
| AU2021447461A AU2021447461A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-12-23 | Extra-thick coal seam upper layer old goaf roof reconstruction method and construction method |
| PCT/CN2021/140958 WO2022247258A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-12-23 | Extra-thick coal seam upper layer old goaf roof reconstruction method and construction method |
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| CN116771417A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-09-19 | 丛培杰 | Mine goaf slurry backfilling method for preventing groundwater pollution |
| CN114215590A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-22 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Desk type grouting method suitable for high-space goaf |
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| AU2021447461A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
| WO2022247258A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
| CN113279811A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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