CN113267420A - Device and method for measuring ventilation porosity of complex soil - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring ventilation porosity of complex soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267420A CN113267420A CN202110739128.XA CN202110739128A CN113267420A CN 113267420 A CN113267420 A CN 113267420A CN 202110739128 A CN202110739128 A CN 202110739128A CN 113267420 A CN113267420 A CN 113267420A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the ventilation porosity of complex soil.A cutting ring for placing the complex soil is arranged in the device, one end of the cutting ring is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with an opening and closing device, one side of the opening and closing device is provided with a replaceable filter disc, and one side of the filter disc is provided with a container; the opening and closing device is manually opened, the formulated soil in the cutting ring penetrates through the mounting seat to be contacted with the container, the opening and closing device is manually closed, the formulated soil in the cutting ring is disconnected from the container, and the formulated soil is wrapped between the mounting seat and the cutting ring. The opening and closing of the opening and closing device realizes the isolation of the prepared soil and the container, the prepared soil is extracted and dried, the soil dripping cannot occur, and the phenomenon of error in the experiment caused by the outflow of the soil is avoided. Meanwhile, the opening and closing device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and the opening and closing of the opening and closing device can be realized by rotating the handle. The opening and closing device can control the contact surface of soil and water or gravel in the container. When drying, the contact surface of soil and gravel in the container is controlled, and the experiment process is adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil monitoring, in particular to a device for measuring the ventilation porosity of regolith soil.
Background
The water holding capacity of soil is an important soil moisture constant, and the meaning of the water holding capacity is as follows: after the well-drained soil is fully irrigated or lowered, the water is allowed to fully infiltrate downwards and prevent evaporation, and the soil can maintain a stable weight water content after a certain time. The water holding capacity is the maximum value of the soil that can hold the hanging water, and is the highest soil moisture content that is effective for the crop. The actual water content of the soil accounts for the percentage of the water holding capacity and is the relative water content which is an important index for evaluating the drought level, so the water holding capacity of the soil has great significance for drought resistance work.
The compound soil is artificial soil prepared by scientifically preparing original soil or foreign soil, organic and inorganic improved materials and microbial inoculum. The soil air porosity is one of the important properties of the prepared soil, and the soil air porosity is mainly determined by a cutting ring drainage method at present, but the soil air porosity is determined by aiming at an original-state soil sample collected in the field, and during determination, the liquefaction phenomenon cannot occur after the soil sample collected in the field absorbs water, and the soil cannot fall off. However, when the method is adopted, the soil body is easy to fall off, and the determination is influenced. The method comprises the steps of soaking the formulated soil to saturation, discharging gravity water to reach a saturated water holding capacity state, and measuring the water content of the soil by adopting a drying method to obtain the water holding capacity of the soil. However, the measurement of the prepared soil or loose soil has many problems: for example, the soaking time and the drainage time are too long in the manufacturing process, the soil sample can rise out of the end opening of the cutting ring or be liquefied on the soil surface after being soaked, and the prepared soil or scattered soil can easily flow out due to the fact that the hole cover of the cutting ring is large in aperture. After the formulated soil is soaked to saturation, when the cutting ring is taken out, the formulated soil after water absorption is liquefied and can slide out from the bottom end of the cutting ring. When water is drained, soil fine particles can be deposited in the soil at the lower part of the cutting ring to block the pores of the filter disc, so that the water in the soil sample slowly seeps, the time from the drainage to the field water holding state is difficult to master, and the accuracy of a measuring result is influenced.
Chinese patent document CN109470721A describes a soil detection device and a soil water content and volume weight detection method, which includes a handle, a clamping device for clamping a cutting ring for wrapping soil, a tension sensor for measuring the weight of the soil wrapped by the cutting ring, a main body, two opposite-emitting microwave sensors, a fixed pipe, two movable rods and two sensor support rods; the tension sensor is connected with the handle and the main machine body; the fixed pipe is fixed to the main machine body; the fixed pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the movable rod; the movable rod slides relative to the fixed pipe; the two sensor support rods are respectively fixed to the two movable rods; the two correlation microwave sensors are respectively arranged on the two sensor supporting rods; the two opposite-emission type microwave sensors are positioned on two sides of the cutting ring clamped by the clamping device; the main machine body is provided with a display screen for displaying the detection result. The device has the beneficial effects that the water content in the soil can be accurately measured, but after the structural formula soil is soaked to saturation, when the cutting ring is taken out, the formula soil after water absorption is liquefied and can slide out from the bottom end of the cutting ring. When water is drained, soil fine particles can be deposited in the soil at the lower part of the cutting ring to block the pores of the filter disc, so that the water in the soil sample slowly seeps, the time from the drainage to the field water holding state is difficult to master, the accuracy of a measuring result is influenced, and the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for measuring the ventilation porosity of complex soil, which solves the problem that when the complex soil is to-be-measured soil, the complex soil is soaked to be saturated and then taken out of a cutting ring to dry the complex soil, soil particles block the pores of a filter disc when the absorbed complex soil is liquefied and slides out from the bottom end of the cutting ring and the complex soil is drained, so that the water is slowly infiltrated.
The invention provides a device for measuring the ventilation porosity of complex soil, and solves another problem that the contact surface of the complex soil in a cutting ring and a container is controlled through the opening and closing of an opening and closing device, the water absorption process and the drying process of the complex soil are accurately controlled, and the measurement experiment is regulated and controlled.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a device for measuring the ventilation porosity of complex soil comprises a cutting ring for placing the complex soil therein, wherein one end of the cutting ring is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with an opening and closing device, one side of the opening and closing device is provided with a replaceable filter disc, and one side of the filter disc is provided with a container;
the opening and closing device is manually opened, the formulated soil in the cutting ring penetrates through the mounting seat to be contacted with the container, the opening and closing device is manually closed, the formulated soil in the cutting ring is disconnected from the container, and the formulated soil is wrapped between the mounting seat and the cutting ring.
In the preferred scheme, a bottom cover is arranged between the cutting ring and the mounting seat, an internal thread is arranged at one end of the bottom cover, an external thread is arranged at one end of the cutting ring, and the cutting ring is in threaded connection with the bottom cover.
In the preferred scheme, filter paper is arranged in the bottom cover, and a first through hole is formed in the bottom cover.
In the preferred scheme, the opening and closing device comprises a plurality of blades, a cylinder is arranged on each blade, a gear is arranged at one end of each cylinder, each blade is abutted against the inner side of the first through hole through one end of each cylinder and is hinged to the bottom cover, and the other end of each cylinder is abutted against the inner side of the gear and is fixedly connected with the gear.
In the preferred scheme, the opening and closing device is further provided with an internal gear, the internal gear is meshed with a gear fixedly connected with the blade, and a handle is arranged on the internal gear.
In the preferred scheme, an annular groove is formed in the mounting seat, and the opening and closing device abuts against the annular groove through an internal gear to rotate and is connected with the mounting seat in a rotating mode.
In the preferred scheme, the mounting seat is also provided with a sector groove, and the handle penetrates through the sector groove and protrudes out of the mounting seat;
the handle is rotated manually to drive the inner gear to rotate, so that the blades fixedly connected with the gear are folded, the opening and closing device is closed, the handle is rotated in the opposite direction, the blades are opened simultaneously, and the opening and closing device is opened.
In the preferred scheme, headstock gear one side is equipped with the slidable cassette, is equipped with a plurality of filtration pores on the cassette, and the cassette is established in the container, and the container bottom is equipped with the weighing balance.
In the preferred scheme, be equipped with a plurality of fixed slots on the bottom, be equipped with a plurality of spouts on the mount pad, be equipped with a plurality of lugs on the cassette, the lug supports and leans on from top to bottom sliding in the spout, and the lug supports and leans on in the fixed slot internal rotation after sliding the spout.
The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1, placing the cut filter paper with the size slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cutting ring in the cutting ring, connecting the cutting ring with an opening and closing device with a bottom cover, and rotating the filter sheet to enable the filter sheet to be installed on the installation seat;
s2, driving a handle to enable an inner gear to rotate to drive a plurality of blades to rotate simultaneously so as to enable an opening and closing device to be in an opening state, and adding the formulated soil into the cutting ring to enable the formulated soil to exceed the upper edge of the cutting ring by 0-1 cm;
s3, placing the cutting ring into a container containing water, adding water to the upper edge of the cutting ring, enabling the formulated soil to absorb water for 4-12h, if the formulated soil sinks in the saturation process, continuing to add the formulated soil into the cutting ring until the formulated soil exceeds the upper edge of the cutting ring by 0-1cm, repeatedly adding the formulated soil until the soil in the cutting ring does not sink any more, and if the filter is blocked in the water absorption process, detaching the blocked filter from the mounting seat, and replacing a new filter;
s4, driving a handle to enable a plurality of blades to rotate and fold at the same time, enabling an opening and closing device to be in a closed state, and after the cutting ring is taken out, replacing water in the container with gravel;
s5, placing the cutting ring with the opening and closing device in a closed state in a container containing gravel, driving a handle, and simultaneously rotating and opening a plurality of blades to enable the opening and closing device to be in an open state, draining the produced soil for 2-4h, and cutting off the redundant produced soil on the cutting ring by using a cutting knife after the drainage is finished;
s6, driving the handle to close the opening and closing device again, changing gravel in the container into water after taking out the cutting ring, driving the handle to open the opening and closing device after putting the cutting ring into the water container, enabling the formulated soil to be saturated for the second time, replacing a new filter disc if the filter disc is blocked in the water absorption process, and weighing the saturated formulated soil and the cutting ring on a weighing balance to obtain m 1;
s7, closing the opening and closing device again, placing the secondary saturated prepared soil into the container after the water in the container is changed into gravel, draining water for 2-4 hours again after the opening and closing device is opened, placing the secondary drained prepared soil and the cutting ring on a weighing balance for weighing, and calculating to be m 2;
the ventilation porosity of the prepared soil cutting ring sample is as follows:
AP=(m1-m2)/(ρwater (W)·V_Ring cutter )
In the formula: AP is the air porosity or the pore of a non-capillary tube, m1 is the weight of the prepared soil and a saturated cutting ring sample, m2 is the weight of the cutting ring sample after the prepared soil drains, and rhoWater (W)Is the density of water, V _Ring cutterIs the volume of the cutting ring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the inside cutting ring that is used for the cooperation native to place, cutting ring one end is equipped with the mount pad, is equipped with headstock gear on the mount pad, and headstock gear one side is equipped with removable cassette. After the sufficient water absorption of the formulated soil, the opening and closing device is manually closed, the formulated soil after water absorption can be isolated from the container, the formulated soil in the extraction cutting ring is removed to dry, the liquefied soil can not drop into the cutting ring, and the phenomenon of great error in the experiment caused by soil outflow is removed. Meanwhile, the opening and closing device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and reasonable in equipment, and opening and closing of the opening and closing device can be achieved only by manually rotating the handle. Meanwhile, when water is absorbed, the contact surface between the soil and the water in the container can be controlled. When drying, the contact surface of gravel in control soil and the container further carries out accurate regulation and control to the experimentation, adjusts the experiment process. Meanwhile, the filter disc can be replaced only by manually rotating the filter disc, and the phenomenon that the water permeation in a soil sample is slow due to the fact that the pores of the filter disc are blocked by soil fine particles in the long-time water absorption process, so that the water absorption time is difficult to master and the accuracy of a measuring result is influenced is avoided. The whole structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the popularization value is high.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the opening and closing device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top open view of the opening and closing device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top closed view of the opening and closing device of the present invention;
in the figure: a cutting ring 1; a ring cutter hole 101; an external thread 102; a bottom cover 2; a first through-hole 201; a fixing groove 202; an internal thread 203; a mounting base 3; a chute 301; a sector groove 302; a second through hole 303; a ring groove 304; a container 4; a weighing balance 5; a threaded sleeve 501; a second bump 502; filter paper 6; an opening and closing device 7; a blade 701; a cylinder 702; a gear 703; an internal gear 704; a handle 705; a filter sheet 8; and a bump 801.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-7, a device for measuring the porosity of the produced soil comprises a cutting ring 1 for placing the produced soil therein, wherein one end of the cutting ring 1 is provided with a mounting base 3, the mounting base 3 is provided with an opening and closing device 7, one side of the opening and closing device 7 is provided with a replaceable filter disc 8, and one side of the filter disc 8 is provided with a container 4;
the opening and closing device 7 is manually opened, the formulated soil in the cutting ring 1 penetrates through the mounting seat 3 to be contacted with the container 4, the opening and closing device 7 is manually closed, the formulated soil in the cutting ring 1 is disconnected from the container 4, and the formulated soil is wrapped between the mounting seat 3 and the cutting ring 1. With the structure, the opening and closing device 7 is simple in structure, convenient to operate and reasonable in equipment, and the opening and closing of the opening and closing device 7 can be realized only by manually rotating the handle 705. When absorbing water, the contact surface between the soil and the water in the container 4 can be controlled. When drying, the contact surface of soil and gravel in the container 4 is controlled, and the test process is further accurately regulated and controlled. Meanwhile, the filter disc 8 can be replaced, and the phenomenon that the water in the soil sample permeates slowly is avoided.
In the preferred scheme, a bottom cover 2 is arranged between a cutting ring 1 and a mounting seat 3, an internal thread 203 is arranged at one end of the bottom cover 2, an external thread 102 is arranged at one end of the cutting ring 1, and the cutting ring 1 is in threaded connection with the bottom cover 2. By the structure, the cutting ring 1 is in threaded connection with the bottom cover 2, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and meanwhile, the cutting ring hole 101 is convenient for placing the prepared soil.
In a preferred scheme, filter paper 6 is arranged in the bottom cover 2, and a first through hole 201 is arranged on the bottom cover 2.
In a preferable scheme, the opening and closing device 7 comprises a plurality of blades 701, a cylinder 702 is arranged on each blade 701, a gear 703 is arranged at one end of each cylinder 702, one end of each blade 701 abuts against the first through hole 201 through each cylinder 702 and is hinged with the bottom cover 2, and the other end of each cylinder 702 abuts against the corresponding gear 703 and is fixedly connected with the corresponding gear 703. From this structure, blade 701 contains the cutting edge on one side, and when the multichip blade 701 closed up, can cut the soil on the cassette 8, made the ascending soil of cassette 8 slowly enter into the region more than mount pad 3, realized the accurate regulation and control to the experiment process.
The blade 701 is hinged with the bottom cover 2, the blade 701 is fixedly connected with the gear 703, and when the gear 703 rotates, the plurality of blades 701 are driven to rotate by taking the respective cylinders 702 as rotation centers.
In a preferred scheme, the opening and closing device 7 is further provided with an internal gear 704, the internal gear 704 is meshed with a gear 703 fixedly connected with the blade 701, and a handle 705 is arranged on the internal gear 704. With the structure, when the handle 705 is manually driven, the handle drives the inner gear 704 to rotate and simultaneously drives the plurality of gears 703 to rotate, so that the plurality of blades 701 are driven to open and close, and the opening and closing of the opening and closing device 7 are realized.
In a preferred scheme, the mounting seat 3 is provided with an annular groove 304, and the opening and closing device 7 abuts against the annular groove 304 through an internal gear 704 to rotate and is connected with the mounting seat 3 in a rotating mode. With the structure, the opening and closing device 7 abuts against the annular groove 304, the opening and closing device 7 is installed between the bottom cover 2 and the mounting seat 3, and the handle 705 is manually driven, so that the inner gear 704 can rotate in the mounting seat 3.
In a preferred scheme, a sector groove 302 is further arranged on the mounting seat 3, and a handle 705 penetrates through the sector groove 302 and protrudes out of the mounting seat 3;
the handle 705 is rotated manually to drive the internal gear 704 to rotate, so that the blades 701 fixedly connected with the gear 703 are folded, the opening and closing device 7 is closed, the handle 705 is rotated in the opposite direction, the blades 701 are opened simultaneously, and the opening and closing device 7 is opened.
In the preferred scheme, headstock gear 7 one side is equipped with slidable cassette 8, is equipped with a plurality of filtration pores on the cassette 8, and cassette 8 establishes in container 4, and container 4 bottom is equipped with weighing balance 5. With the structure, the produced soil is prevented from flowing out of the cutting ring, and the aperture of the filter holes on the filter disc 8 is smaller than that on the filter paper 6. When the regolith absorbs water, water is placed in the container 4, after the regolith fully absorbs water, the device above the container 4 can be taken out, gravel is placed after water is drained in the container 4, the regolith saturated with water in the cutting ring 1 is dried, and the weighing balance 5 measures the weight of the whole device in real time, so that the ventilation porosity of the regolith is calculated.
In a preferred scheme, a plurality of fixing grooves 202 are formed in the bottom cover 2, a plurality of sliding grooves 301 are formed in the mounting base 3, a plurality of protruding blocks 801 are arranged on the filter disc 8, the protruding blocks 801 abut against the sliding grooves 301 to slide up and down, and the protruding blocks 801 abut against the fixing grooves 202 to rotate after sliding through the sliding grooves 301. With such a structure, after the projection on the filter sheet 8 slides up and down along the sliding groove 301, the projection rotates along the circumferential direction of the fixing groove 202, so that the projection 801 abuts against the fixing groove 202 due to gravity, and the filter sheet 8 is hung on the mounting seat 3. The filter disc 8 is very convenient to replace and disassemble and can be quickly replaced, and the problem that soil particles block the pores of the filter disc, so that the water is slowly infiltrated is solved.
Example 2:
as further described with reference to embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method comprises: the method comprises the following steps: s1, placing the cut filter paper invention 6 with the size slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the ring cutter invention 1 in the ring cutter invention 1, connecting the ring cutter invention 1 with the opening and closing device invention 7 with the bottom cover invention 2, and rotating the filter disc invention 8 so that the filter disc invention 8 is installed on the installation seat invention 3. The invention 705 of the driving handle enables the invention 704 of the inner gear to rotate to drive the invention 701 of the plurality of blades to rotate simultaneously, so that the invention 7 of the opening and closing device is in an opening state, and the formulated soil is added into the invention 1 of the cutting ring, so that the formulated soil exceeds the invention 1 of the cutting ring by 0-1 cm. The invention 1 of the cutting ring is put into the invention 4 of the container containing water, water reaches the invention upper edge of the invention 1 of the cutting ring, the prepared soil absorbs water for 4-12h, if the prepared soil sinks in the saturation process, the prepared soil is continuously added into the cutting ring until the prepared soil exceeds the invention upper edge of the invention 1 of the cutting ring by 0-1cm, the prepared soil is repeatedly added until the soil in the invention 1 of the cutting ring does not sink any more, and if the invention 8 of the filter sheet is blocked in the water absorption process, the invention 8 of the blocked filter sheet is dismounted from the invention 3 of the mounting seat, and the invention 8 of the new filter sheet is replaced.
The invention 705 of the driving handle enables a plurality of the invention 701 of the blades to rotate and fold at the same time, the invention 7 of the opening and closing device is in a closed state, and after the invention 1 of the cutting ring is taken out, water in the invention 4 of the container is changed into gravel. The invention 1 of the cutting ring in a closed state of the invention 7 of the opening and closing device is placed in the invention 4 of the container containing gravel, the invention 705 of the driving handle is invented, and the invention 701 of a plurality of blades is simultaneously rotated and opened, so that the invention 7 of the opening and closing device is in an open state, the produced soil is drained for 2-4h, and the cutting knife is used for cutting off the redundant produced soil on the invention 1 of the cutting ring after the drainage is finished.
The invention of the driving handle 705 closes the opening and closing device again, the invention 7 of the invention, after the invention 1 of the cutting ring is taken out, gravel in the invention 4 of the container is changed into water, after the invention 1 of the cutting ring is put into the invention 4 of the water container, the invention of the driving handle 705 opens the invention 7 of the opening and closing device, the formulated soil is saturated for the second time, if the invention 8 of the filter disc is blocked in the water absorption process, a new invention 8 of the filter disc is replaced, and the formulated soil and the invention 1 of the cutting ring after saturation are put on the invention 5 of the weighing scale and weighed as m 1. The invention 7 of the opening and closing device is closed again, after the water in the invention 4 of the container is changed into gravel, the secondary saturated proportioned soil is placed in the invention 4 of the container, the invention 7 of the opening and closing device is opened, the water is drained for 2-4 hours again, the secondary drained proportioned soil and the cutting ring (1) are placed on the weighing balance (5) to be weighed, and the weight is m 2;
the ventilation porosity of the prepared soil cutting ring sample is as follows:
AP=(m1-m2)/(ρwater (W)·V_Ring cutter )
In the formula: AP is the air porosity or the pore of a non-capillary tube, m1 is the weight of the prepared soil and a saturated cutting ring sample, m2 is the weight of the cutting ring sample after the prepared soil drains, and rhoWater (W)Is the density of water, V _Ring cutterIs the volume of the cutting ring.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and equivalents including technical features described in the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a survey device of regolith soil porosity of ventilating which characterized by: the device comprises a cutting ring (1) for placing prepared soil inside, wherein one end of the cutting ring (1) is provided with a mounting seat (3), the mounting seat (3) is provided with an opening and closing device (7), one side of the opening and closing device (7) is provided with a replaceable filter disc (8), and one side of the filter disc (8) is provided with a container (4);
the opening and closing device (7) is manually opened, the blending soil in the cutting ring (1) penetrates through the mounting seat (3) to be in contact with the container (4), the opening and closing device (7) is manually closed, the blending soil in the cutting ring (1) is disconnected from the container (4), and the blending soil is wrapped between the mounting seat (3) and the cutting ring (1).
2. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a bottom cover (2) is arranged between the cutting ring (1) and the mounting seat (3), an internal thread (203) is arranged at one end of the bottom cover (2), an external thread (102) is arranged at one end of the cutting ring (1), and the cutting ring (1) is in threaded connection with the bottom cover (2).
3. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the filter paper (6) is arranged in the bottom cover (2), and the first through hole (201) is formed in the bottom cover (2).
4. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the opening and closing device (7) comprises a plurality of blades (701), a cylinder (702) is arranged on each blade (701), a gear (703) is arranged at one end of each cylinder (702), one end of each blade (701) abuts against the first through hole (201) to be hinged with the bottom cover (2), and the other end of each cylinder (702) abuts against the gear (703) in a hole and is fixedly connected with the gear (703).
5. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the opening and closing device (7) is further provided with an internal gear (704), the internal gear (704) is meshed with a gear (703) fixedly connected with the blade (701), and a handle (705) is arranged on the internal gear (704).
6. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an annular groove (304) is formed in the mounting seat (3), and the opening and closing device (7) abuts against the annular groove (304) through an internal gear (704) and rotates to be connected with the mounting seat (3) in a rotating mode.
7. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a fan-shaped groove (302) is further formed in the mounting base (3), and the handle (705) penetrates through the fan-shaped groove (302) and protrudes out of the mounting base (3);
the handle (705) is rotated manually to drive the inner gear (704) to rotate, so that the blades (701) fixedly connected with the gear (703) are folded, the opening and closing device (7) is closed, the handle (705) is rotated in the opposite direction, the blades (701) are opened simultaneously, and the opening and closing device (7) is opened.
8. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a slidable filter disc (8) is arranged on one side of the opening and closing device (7), a plurality of filter holes are formed in the filter disc (8), the filter disc (8) is arranged in the container (4), and a weighing balance (5) is arranged at the bottom of the container (4).
9. The apparatus for determining the porosity of a compound soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of fixing grooves (202) are formed in the bottom cover (2), a plurality of sliding grooves (301) are formed in the mounting seat (3), a plurality of protruding blocks (801) are arranged on the filter disc (8), the protruding blocks (801) abut against the sliding grooves (301) to slide up and down, and the protruding blocks (801) abut against the fixing grooves (202) to rotate after sliding through the sliding grooves (301).
10. The method for measuring the air permeability of the compost as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: s1, placing the cut filter paper (6) with the size slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cutting ring (1) in the cutting ring (1), connecting the cutting ring (1) with the opening and closing device (7) with the bottom cover (2), and rotating the filter disc (8) to enable the filter disc (8) to be installed on the installation seat (3);
s2, driving a handle (705), enabling an inner gear (704) to rotate to drive a plurality of blades (701) to rotate simultaneously, enabling an opening and closing device (7) to be in an opening state, adding the formulated soil into the cutting ring (1), and enabling the formulated soil to exceed the upper edge of the cutting ring (1) by 0-1 cm;
s3, putting the cutting ring (1) into a container (4) containing water, adding water to the upper edge of the cutting ring (1), adding the prepared soil to absorb water for 4-12h, if the prepared soil sinks in the saturation process, continuously adding the prepared soil into the cutting ring until the prepared soil exceeds the upper edge of the cutting ring (1) by 0-1cm, repeatedly adding the prepared soil until the soil in the cutting ring (1) does not sink any more, and unloading the blocked filter (8) from the mounting seat (3) if the filter (8) is blocked in the water absorption process, and replacing a new filter (8);
s4, driving a handle (705) to enable a plurality of blades (701) to rotate and fold simultaneously, enabling an opening and closing device (7) to be in a closed state, and after the cutting ring (1) is taken out, replacing water in a container (4) with gravel;
s5, placing the cutting ring (1) with the opening and closing device (7) in a closed state in a container (4) containing gravel, driving a handle (705), and simultaneously rotating and opening a plurality of blades (701) to enable the opening and closing device (7) to be in an open state, draining the produced soil for 2-4h, and cutting off the redundant produced soil on the cutting ring (1) by using a cutting knife after the drainage is finished;
s6, the opening and closing device (7) is closed again by the driving handle (705), gravel in the container (4) is changed into water after the cutting ring (1) is taken out, the opening and closing device (7) is opened by the driving handle (705) after the cutting ring (1) is placed in the water container (4), the formulated soil is saturated for the second time, if the filter sheet (8) is blocked in the water absorption process, a new filter sheet (8) is replaced, and the formulated soil and the cutting ring (1) after saturation are placed on the weighing scale (5) and weighed to be m 1;
s7, closing the opening and closing device (7) again, putting the secondary saturated proportioned soil into the container (4) after the water in the container (4) is changed into gravel, draining water for 2-4 hours again after opening the opening and closing device (7), putting the drained proportioned soil and the cutting ring (1) on the weighing balance (5) for weighing for the second time, and calculating to be m 2;
the ventilation porosity of the prepared soil cutting ring sample is as follows:
AP=(m1-m2)/(ρwater (W)·V_Ring cutter )
In the formula: AP is the air porosity or the pore of a non-capillary tube, m1 is the weight of the prepared soil and a saturated cutting ring sample, m2 is the weight of the cutting ring sample after the prepared soil drains, and rhoWater (W)Is the density of water, V _Ring cutterIs the volume of the cutting ring.
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