CN113266410A - Air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for double-hole extra-long tunnel and construction method - Google Patents
Air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for double-hole extra-long tunnel and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113266410A CN113266410A CN202110637750.XA CN202110637750A CN113266410A CN 113266410 A CN113266410 A CN 113266410A CN 202110637750 A CN202110637750 A CN 202110637750A CN 113266410 A CN113266410 A CN 113266410A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mountain tunnel engineering, in particular to a combined air duct and tunnel building structure suitable for a double-hole extra-long tunnel and a construction method. The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure comprises four parts, namely an underground fan room, an air duct, a combined construction tunnel and a far side main line tunnel; one side of the underground fan room is connected with an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft in a tunnel form, and the other side of the underground fan room is connected with a combined tunnel through an air duct; the combined tunnel is connected with the far-side main line tunnel through an air duct. The structure can meet the requirement of tunnel ventilation, and can realize synchronous excavation and synchronous construction of the air channel and the tunnel and improve the construction efficiency. The invention can reduce the construction difficulty and risk of the air duct, accelerate the construction progress of the air duct and reduce the engineering investment. Meanwhile, the structure has the advantages of simple required equipment, convenient construction and mature technology, and can be used for designing the air duct of the tunnel in the extra mountainous area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mountain tunnel engineering, in particular to a combined air duct and tunnel building structure suitable for a double-hole extra-long tunnel and a construction method.
Background
With the rapid development of highway career in China, the highway gradually extends to a mountain area, and due to the particularity and complexity of geological structures of the mountain area, the number of highway tunnels in the mountain area is 19067 and the total length of the tunnels reaches 1896.66 kilometers as shown by statistics until 2019, wherein the number of extra-long tunnels is increased to 1175 and the length of the extra-long tunnels reaches 521.75 kilometers; at present, the longest road tunnel established and operated in China is a Qinling mountain Finnan mountain tunnel (18.02km), and the longest road tunnel established and operated in China is a Xinjiang Tianshan victory tunnel (22.035 km).
Due to the fact that the depth of the extra-long tunnel is large, under the normal traffic condition, a large amount of waste gas and smoke dust always silts up in the middle of the tunnel and is not easy to discharge, and the concentration of pollutants in the middle of the tunnel is increased rapidly; under the condition of fire accidents, smoke and heat are often rapidly diffused and are not easy to control and discharge out of the hole, and the pollution zone is long; increasing the difficulty of ventilation and the possibility of accidents. In order to solve the problem of tunnel ventilation, according to the requirement of highway industry standard, when the length of the tunnel is not less than 5km, a ventilation shaft can be adopted for ventilation, and a fan room, an air supply channel and an air exhaust channel are arranged in cooperation with the ventilation shaft. According to the experience of tunnel construction at home and abroad, the underground fan house scheme is basically adopted for the super-long tunnels at home and abroad at present, so that the maintenance is convenient and the occupied land is reduced; the fan room is generally arranged on one side of the main line tunnel and is connected with the main line tunnel through the air duct, for the main line tunnel far away from one side of the underground fan room, the air duct needs to cross the main line tunnel close to one side of the underground fan room, the section of the air duct is generally small, the longitudinal slope is large, and the construction difficulty and risk are also large.
Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of large longitudinal slope, high construction risk and high difficulty of a main line tunnel air duct far away from one side of an underground fan room, a new structural form is urgently needed to be found so as to reduce the longitudinal slope of the air duct and reduce the construction risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a combined air duct and tunnel building structure suitable for a double-hole extra-long tunnel and a construction method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs an air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for a double-hole extra-long tunnel, which comprises an underground fan room, an air duct, a combined construction tunnel and a far side main line tunnel; one side of the underground fan room is connected with an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft in a tunnel form, and the other side of the underground fan room is connected with a combined tunnel through an air duct; the combined tunnel is connected with the far-side main line tunnel through an air duct.
Furthermore, the two ends of the combined tunnel in the longitudinal direction are respectively connected with the near side main line tunnel, and the longitudinal length of the combined tunnel exceeds the width of the air duct by 8-16 m.
Furthermore, the combined tunnel sequentially comprises five parts, namely a combined tunnel primary support, a combined tunnel lining, a combined tunnel air duct, a combined tunnel substrate backfill body and a driving tunnel lining from outside to inside;
the primary support of the combined tunnel is positioned at the outermost side of the combined tunnel and is tightly attached to surrounding rocks;
the combined tunnel lining is positioned on the inner side of the primary support of the combined tunnel;
a channel formed between the combined tunnel lining and the driving tunnel lining is a combined tunnel air duct and is positioned at the upper part of the combined tunnel;
the combined tunnel foundation backfill body is filled between the combined tunnel lining and the driving tunnel lining and is positioned at the bottom of the combined tunnel.
Still further, the slope of the longitudinal slope of the air duct bottom plate is between 0.3% and 3%.
And furthermore, the net distance between the underground fan room and the combined tunnel is more than the excavation span of the combined tunnel.
Furthermore, the backfill body material of the combined tunnel foundation selects plain concrete with the grade C and above; the top surface of the backfill body of the combined tunnel foundation is arc-shaped, the arc is tangent with the top surface of the bottom plate of the adjacent air duct, and the radius of the arc is not less than 5 m.
The invention also provides a construction method of the air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
step a: excavating a far-side main line tunnel and carrying out lining support, excavating an underground fan room and carrying out lining support;
step b: excavating a combined tunnel by using the near side main line tunnel as a working space, and constructing primary support, combined tunnel lining and travelling crane tunnel lining of the combined tunnel in sequence after excavating to a designed excavation surface;
the primary support of the combined tunnel is constructed by adopting sprayed concrete;
co-building tunnel lining and driving tunnel lining are constructed by die casting;
step c: and excavating air ducts on two sides of the combined tunnel, and pouring reinforced concrete linings of the air ducts after the lining reinforcing steel bars of the air ducts and the lining reinforcing steel bars of the combined tunnel are mutually anchored.
Step d: and the construction joint tunnel foundation backfill body is smoothly connected with the top surfaces of the air duct bottom plates on the two sides.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention optimizes the arrangement form of the tunnel air duct, adopts the structural form of jointly building the air duct and the tunnel, and can reduce the longitudinal slope of the air duct to be within 3 percent.
The invention can realize the synchronous excavation and the synchronous construction of the air channel and the tunnel on the premise of meeting the requirement of tunnel ventilation, thereby improving the construction efficiency. Meanwhile, the structure has the advantages of simple required equipment, convenient construction and mature technology, and can be used for designing the air duct of the tunnel in the extra mountainous area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a co-building structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a co-building structure of the present invention;
illustration of the drawings:
1: an underground fan house; 2: an air duct; 3: building a tunnel in a combined mode; 31: building a tunnel primary support; 32: co-building a tunnel lining; 33: jointly building a tunnel air duct; 34: lining the driving tunnel; 35: jointly building a tunnel substrate backfill body; 4. a distal main line tunnel; 5: a proximal main line tunnel; a: a vertical well or a deviated well.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.
The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel shown in fig. 1-2 comprises an underground fan room 1, an air duct 2, a combined construction tunnel 3 and a far side main line tunnel 4; one side of the underground fan room is connected with an inclined shaft A in a tunnel form, and the other side of the underground fan room is connected with a combined tunnel 3 through an air duct 2; the combined tunnel 3 is connected with a far-side main line tunnel 4 through an air duct 2.
The combined tunnel 3 is longitudinally connected with the near side main line tunnel 5 respectively, and the longitudinal length of the combined tunnel exceeds the width of the air duct by 10 m.
The net distance between the underground fan room 1 and the combined tunnel 3 is 5 times of the excavation span of the combined tunnel.
The combined tunnel 3 is positioned between the underground fan room 1 and the far side main line tunnel 4; the combined tunnel 3 comprises five parts, namely a combined tunnel primary support 31, a combined tunnel lining 32, a combined tunnel air duct 33, a driving tunnel lining 34 and a combined tunnel substrate backfill body 35;
the combined tunnel primary support 31 is positioned on the outermost side of the combined tunnel 3 and is tightly attached to surrounding rocks;
the co-building tunnel lining 32 is positioned on the inner side of the primary support 31 of the co-building tunnel;
the co-building tunnel air duct 33 is positioned between the co-building tunnel lining 32 and the driving tunnel lining 34 and is positioned at the upper part of the co-building tunnel 3;
the co-constructed tunnel foundation backfill body 35 is positioned between the co-constructed tunnel lining 32 and the driving tunnel lining 34 and is positioned at the bottom of the co-constructed tunnel 3.
The backfill body 35 of the combined tunnel foundation is made of plain concrete with the reference number C15;
the top surface of the combined tunnel foundation backfill body 35 is arc-shaped, the arc is tangent to the top surface of the adjacent air duct bottom plate, and the arc radius is 5 m;
the construction method of the air duct and tunnel combined building structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel comprises the following steps of:
step a: excavating a far-side main line tunnel 4 and carrying out lining support, excavating an underground fan room 1 and carrying out lining support;
step b: excavating a co-constructed tunnel 3 by using a near-side main line tunnel 5 as a working space, and constructing a primary support 31, a co-constructed tunnel lining 32 and a travelling crane tunnel lining 34 of the co-constructed tunnel in sequence after excavating to a designed excavation surface;
the primary support 31 of the combined tunnel is constructed by adopting sprayed concrete;
the co-building tunnel lining 32 and the driving tunnel lining 34 are constructed by die casting;
step c: and (4) excavating air ducts 2 at two sides of the combined tunnel, and pouring air duct reinforced concrete linings after lining reinforcing steel bars of the air ducts and combined tunnel lining 32 reinforcing steel bars are mutually anchored.
Step d: the backfill body 35 of the foundation of the construction joint tunnel is smoothly connected with the top surfaces of the bottom plates of the air ducts 2 at the two sides.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an air duct and tunnel co-construction structure suitable for double-opening extra-long tunnel which characterized in that: the combined tunnel comprises four parts, namely an underground fan room (1), an air duct (2), a combined tunnel (3) and a far-side main line tunnel (4); one side of the underground fan room is connected with an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft in a tunnel form, and the other side of the underground fan room is connected with a combined tunnel (3) through an air duct (2); the combined tunnel (3) is connected with a far-side main line tunnel (4) through an air duct (2).
2. The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the combined tunnel (3) in the longitudinal direction are respectively connected with the near side main line tunnel (5), and the longitudinal length of the combined tunnel exceeds the width of the air duct (2) by 8-16 m.
3. The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the combined tunnel (3) sequentially comprises five parts, namely a combined tunnel primary support (31), a combined tunnel lining (32), a combined tunnel air duct (33), a combined tunnel foundation backfill body (35) and a driving tunnel lining (34) from outside to inside;
the combined tunnel primary support (31) is positioned on the outermost side of the combined tunnel (3) and clings to surrounding rocks;
the combined tunnel lining (32) is positioned on the inner side of the combined tunnel primary support (31);
a channel formed between the combined tunnel lining (32) and the driving tunnel lining (34) is a combined tunnel air duct (33) and is positioned at the upper part of the combined tunnel (3);
the combined tunnel foundation backfill body (35) is filled between the combined tunnel lining (32) and the driving tunnel lining (34) and is positioned at the bottom of the combined tunnel (3).
4. The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the gradient of the longitudinal slope of the bottom plate of the air duct (2) is between 0.3 and 3 percent.
5. The air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for the double-hole extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the net spacing between the underground fan room (1) and the co-constructed tunnel (3) is larger than 3 times of the excavation span of the co-constructed tunnel.
6. The composite tunnel (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that: the backfill body (35) of the combined tunnel foundation is made of plain concrete with the material number of C15 and above; the top surface of the combined tunnel foundation backfill body (35) is arc-shaped, the arc is tangent with the top surface of the adjacent air duct bottom plate, and the radius of the arc is not less than 5 m.
7. A construction method of a combined air duct and tunnel building structure suitable for a double-hole extra-long tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step a: excavating a far-side main line tunnel (4) and carrying out lining support, excavating an underground fan room (1) and carrying out lining support;
step b: excavating a co-constructed tunnel (3) by using a near side main line tunnel (5) as a working space, and constructing a primary support (31), a co-constructed tunnel lining (32) and a travelling crane tunnel lining (34) in sequence after excavating to a designed excavation surface;
the combined tunnel primary support (31) is constructed by adopting sprayed concrete;
the synthetic tunnel lining (32) and the traveling tunnel lining (34) are constructed by die casting;
step c: and (3) excavating air ducts (2) at two sides of the combined tunnel, anchoring lining reinforcing steel bars of the air ducts and lining reinforcing steel bars (32) of the combined tunnel mutually, and pouring air duct reinforced concrete lining.
Step d: the backfill body (35) of the foundation of the construction joint tunnel is smoothly connected with the top surfaces of the bottom plates of the air ducts (2) at the two sides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110637750.XA CN113266410A (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for double-hole extra-long tunnel and construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110637750.XA CN113266410A (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for double-hole extra-long tunnel and construction method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113266410A true CN113266410A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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| CN202110637750.XA Pending CN113266410A (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Air duct and tunnel combined construction structure suitable for double-hole extra-long tunnel and construction method |
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- 2021-06-08 CN CN202110637750.XA patent/CN113266410A/en active Pending
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