CN216043711U - Tunnel structure for removing obstacles by combining water-rich sand layer and artificial machinery - Google Patents
Tunnel structure for removing obstacles by combining water-rich sand layer and artificial machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN216043711U CN216043711U CN202122346642.5U CN202122346642U CN216043711U CN 216043711 U CN216043711 U CN 216043711U CN 202122346642 U CN202122346642 U CN 202122346642U CN 216043711 U CN216043711 U CN 216043711U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tunnel structure for removing obstacles by an artificial mechanical combination of a water-rich sand layer. The device comprises ground vertical shafts arranged on two sides of an existing underground station, wherein the ground vertical shafts on the two sides are respectively and symmetrically provided with a plurality of horizontal drilling short freezing holes inwards, and the horizontal drilling short freezing holes on the two sides are respectively provided with independent and non-mutually-communicated freezing wall structures for passing of a shield tunneling machine in the existing underground station; a primary support and a secondary lining for installing duct pieces are arranged in the frozen wall structure; the freezing wall structure is provided with a grouting pipe communicated with the inside of the existing underground station outside the freezing wall structure; cement slurry can be injected into the ground vertical shaft and the frozen wall structure through a grouting pipe to form concrete; the shield machine cuts concrete, uplift piles or temporary stand columns and then assembles segments to form the tunnel. The utility model solves the problem that underground obstacles in the shield tunneling in the water-rich sand layer are difficult to remove, and has the advantages of small freezing range, quick construction progress and small engineering investment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel structure for manually and mechanically combining and removing obstacles on a water-rich sand layer.
Background
With the rapid development of urban rail transit engineering construction, the wire mesh planning is continuously updated, so that the engineering construction conditions of later-stage lines are not reserved in the early-stage construction process of part of stations, and the construction scheme of a newly-built project is directly restricted.
In the construction period of the original standard underground station, the later stage new construction of the line is not considered, so that various underground structures such as fender posts or underground diaphragm walls, uplift posts or temporary columns and the like which are left underground only meet the self stress calculation requirement, and when the tunnel of the newly-built line passes through the existing underground station, various underground structures in the tunnel construction range need to be taken into consideration.
Generally, various underground structures of an existing underground station are mainly of reinforced concrete structures, and when steel bars in the underground structures are small in diameter and do not contain steel materials with large sizes such as channel steel, H-shaped steel and the like, the shield tunneling machine can be directly cut through by optimizing the configuration of a cutter head. When the diameter of the steel bar in the underground structure is larger or steel with large size such as channel steel, H-shaped steel and the like is contained, a manual breaking scheme is needed.
When the existing underground station is in a stratum with good stability and low underground water, various underground structures can be broken through manual excavation by adopting necessary measures such as advanced pre-reinforcement and the like; when the existing underground station is located in the water-rich sand layer, the sand layer is low in stability, water gushing and sand gushing are easily caused under the action of underground water, and the common advanced pre-reinforcement measures are difficult to guarantee engineering safety and personnel safety.
Therefore, an effective tunnel structure needs to be arranged at the lower part of the operation station without reserved tunnel crossing conditions, and engineering safety and personnel safety are guaranteed when obstacles are cleared.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a tunnel structure for manually and mechanically combining and removing obstacles in a water-rich sand layer. The method is suitable for building tunnel engineering on the lower part of an operation station without reserved tunnel crossing conditions in a water-rich sand layer. And (3) backfilling after newly building a ground vertical shaft, horizontally freezing and reinforcing, breaking the diaphragm wall by a mining method, excavating the cut pile, and finally passing a shield machine.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a tunnel structure for clearing obstacles through a water-rich sand layer artificial machinery combination comprises ground vertical shafts arranged on two sides of an existing underground station, wherein the ground vertical shafts on the two sides are respectively and symmetrically provided with a plurality of horizontal drilling short freezing holes inwards, and the horizontal drilling short freezing holes on the two sides are respectively provided with independent and non-mutually-communicated freezing wall structures for passing a shield machine into the existing underground station; a primary support and a secondary lining for installing duct pieces are arranged in the frozen wall structure; the freezing wall structure is provided with a grouting pipe communicated with the inside of the existing underground station outside the freezing wall structure; cement slurry can be injected into the ground vertical shaft and the frozen wall structure through a grouting pipe to form concrete; the shield machine cuts concrete, uplift piles or temporary stand columns and then assembles segments to form the tunnel.
And multiple channels in the ground shaft are provided with inner support structures.
The duct piece is an assembled steel pipe piece or a concrete duct piece easy to cut.
The mine tunnel comprises primary support and secondary lining.
The thickness of the wall of the frozen wall structure is not less than 2.5 m.
The early-stage support adopts early-strength sprayed concrete and profile steel support structure, the thickness of the sprayed concrete is 200-450 mm, the strength is C35, the impermeability grade is P10, the profile steel arch frame adopts I-steel I22b, the profile steels are connected by angle steel and steel plates, the steel type is Q235b grade steel, the profile steel arch frame is formed by splicing a plurality of pieces, and the splicing mode adopts bolt connection.
The secondary lining is of a molded reinforced concrete structure, the thickness of the secondary lining is 200-450 mm, the strength of concrete is C35, and the impermeability grade is P12.
The utility model is suitable for various projects for clearing underground obstacles, can effectively protect the existing operation station, reduces the stress deformation and the internal force of the structure, and ensures that a newly built tunnel smoothly passes through the existing operation station without reserved tunnel crossing conditions, thereby providing a larger margin for the selection of shield lines.
The utility model can solve the problem that the underground barrier in the water-rich sand layer is difficult to remove in the shield tunneling process, thereby improving the passability of the shield tunneling process.
According to the utility model, the ground vertical shafts are arranged on two sides of the existing station, so that the long-distance freezing effect can be ensured, and the horizontal freezing efficiency can be improved compared with the case that the vertical shafts are arranged on one side.
The frozen wall structure is used for protecting the safety of the underground obstacles excavated by manpower, is closed and not communicated with each other, and is respectively arranged in the existing underground stations of the two-side lanes on the upper and lower sides; the grouting pipe is arranged on the frozen wall structure, so that subsequent grouting of cement paste is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction step 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction step 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction step 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction step 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction step 5 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a plan view of the ground shaft and internal support structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a mine tunnel freezing and lining by a manual method for breaking a diaphragm wall section;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of shield segments and uplift piles in the pile grinding section of the shield machine.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the utility model, but are for clear understanding.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the utility model comprises ground shafts 3 arranged at two sides of an existing underground station 1, wherein the ground shafts 3 at two sides are respectively provided with a plurality of horizontal drilling short freezing holes 5-1 inwards symmetrically, and the horizontal drilling short freezing holes 5-1 at two sides are respectively provided with independent and non-mutually-communicated freezing wall structures 5-2 for passing a shield machine 9-1 into the existing underground station 1; a primary support 6-1 and a secondary lining 6-2 for installing a duct piece 9-2 are arranged in the frozen wall structure 5-2; the freezing wall structure 5-2 is provided with a grouting pipe 7 communicated with the inside of the existing underground station 1 outside the freezing wall structure 5-2; cement slurry can be injected into the ground vertical shaft 3 and the frozen wall structure 5-2 through a grouting pipe 7 to form concrete 8; and the shield tunneling machine 9-1 cuts concrete 8 and uplift piles or temporary columns 2-2 and then assembles the duct pieces 9-2 to form the tunnel.
And an inner supporting structure 4 is arranged in the ground shaft 3 in a plurality of ways.
The duct piece 9-2 is an assembled steel pipe piece or a concrete duct piece easy to cut.
As shown in fig. 3 to 10, the construction method of the present invention includes the steps of: constructing ground vertical shafts 3 at two sides of an existing underground station 1, horizontally freezing from the inner sides of the ground vertical shafts 3 at two sides, forming two closed and unconnected frozen wall structures 5-2 in the existing underground station 1, freezing the frozen wall structures 5-2 through saline water to form a cylindrical reinforced soil body with certain strength and water-stopping performance, erecting a primary support 6-1, breaking an underground obstacle underground connecting wall 2-1 in a later stage shield tunneling range, pouring a secondary lining 6-2 after completely breaking the underground obstacle, burying grouting pipes around the secondary lining 6-2 so as to reduce the melting and sinking of the frozen wall structures 5-2 at the later stage, backfilling concrete 8 after the melting and sinking deformation is stable, directly tunneling a shield machine 9-1 at the later stage, and tunneling a mine method tunnel at one side to a mine method tunnel at the other side, cutting by adopting a cutter head of a shield machine 9-1, assembling segments 9-2 in the cut shield excavation outline 9-3 through the uplift pile or the temporary stand column 2-2 in the middle to form a tunnel.
Wherein:
1. constructing a ground vertical shaft: the plane line of the newly-built tunnel determines the difficulty of the obstacle clearing construction method, so that at the beginning of scheme selection, all factors are comprehensively considered, and a safe, economic and rapid scheme is preferred. The ground shaft 3 selects open areas on two sides of the existing operation station 1 for the first time, integrates factors such as underground pipelines and ground traffic, and comprehensively considers and selects positions so as to facilitate open cut construction.
The enclosure structure of the ground shaft 3 is supported by the ground connecting wall 2-1, the ground connecting wall 2-1 is provided with glass fiber ribs within the passing range of the shield, so that the shield can be directly cut at a later stage, the tunnel door is prevented from being manually broken, and when the ground shaft 3 is constructed, the ground shaft is constructed by a reverse construction method, and concrete supports are sequentially excavated and poured.
2. Horizontal freezing: after the ground vertical shaft 3 is finished, horizontal drilling is respectively carried out on the inner side of the ground vertical shaft 3 to form a horizontal drilling short freezing hole 5-1, freezing is carried out, and the wall thickness of a freezing wall structure 5-2 in the water-rich sand layer is not less than 2.5 m. In order to ensure the safety of mine excavation, the frozen and reinforced soil body has good sealing property and necessary strength.
3. Excavating by a mine method: (1) the primary support 6-1 adopts early strength shotcrete and profile steel support, the thickness of the shotcrete is 200-450 mm, the strength is C35, and the impermeability grade is P10; the profile steel arch frame adopts I-shaped steel I22b, glass fiber reinforced plastics are adopted in the tunneling range, the profile steels are connected through angle steels and steel plates, and the types of the steel materials are Q235b grade steels; in order to improve the convenience of site operation, the steel arch frame is formed by splicing a plurality of blocks, and the splicing mode adopts bolt connection. (2) The secondary lining 6-2 is made of molded reinforced concrete, the shield excavation outline 9-3 in the tunneling range is made of glass fiber reinforced concrete, the thickness is 200-450 mm, the concrete strength is C35, and the impermeability grade is P12. (3) And cutting off the diaphragm wall 2-1, chiseling concrete of the pile by using a small machine such as an air pick after the diaphragm wall 2-1 exposes out of a complete structure in tunnel excavation, reserving reinforcing steel bars within a range to be connected at the upper end and the lower end of the diaphragm wall respectively, and cutting the rest. After the subsequent uplift pile or temporary upright post 2-2 is broken, 3-5 trusses of the section steel arch are densely distributed near the uplift pile (the specific number is determined according to the diameter size of the uplift pile).
4. Backfilling plastic concrete: during backfilling, the materials are backfilled in different bins to ensure dense backfilling; the plastic concrete preferably has a 28-day compressive strength of 3-5 MPa, a flexural strength of not less than 1.5MPa, and a permeability coefficient K of not more than 1 × 10-7cm/s。
5. Shield tunneling: during the shield tunneling, the shield tunneling parameters and the grouting parameters are controlled in a key mode, the disturbance to the stratum and the loss of the stratum are reduced, and the specific measures are as follows:
shield tunneling parameters; the advancing parameters of the shield are set and strictly controlled according to the conditions of the stratum penetrated by the shield and the overlying stratum, wherein the advancing parameters mainly comprise: the pressure of the cutter head and the soil bin, the soil output and the tunneling speed, the rotating speed of the screw machine, the total thrust of the jack and the like are used for ensuring the stability of the excavation face and reducing the disturbance to the stratum and the stratum loss in the excavation process as much as possible, wherein the stratum loss rate caused by the soil output is controlled within 3 percent. When the shield is tunneled to the plastic concrete, the tunneling speed and the cutter head torque are reduced, the cutter head configuration is optimized, and the adverse effect on the existing operation station during tunneling is reduced.
Synchronous grouting of the shield tail and secondary grouting in the hole: in the shield advancing process, synchronous grouting is carried out in time, the grouting amount is properly increased, a gap between a lining and a stratum is filled in time, a synchronous grouting layer and an enclosed rock layer are taken as main filling objects (namely, the synchronous grouting layer is broken through) at about 4 rings of shield assembling, secondary grouting is carried out to make up the deficiency of the synchronous grouting, and the secondary grouting is repeated if necessary; the synchronous grouting material is a mixed material of cement, sand, bentonite, fly ash, a water reducing agent and the like, the related proportion is determined according to experiments, and the synchronous grouting effect is ensured by combining geological conditions. Pure cement slurry is adopted for secondary grouting.
During the pile grinding of the shield, the deformation and the stress of the uplift pile or the temporary upright post pile are monitored mainly, the shield machine is required to pass through at a uniform speed at a low speed during the pile grinding, and a proper cutter is required to be configured in advance for cutting the uplift pile or the reinforcing steel bar of the temporary upright post 2-2 by the shield machine.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel structure that rich water sand bed artificial machinery made up obstacles removing which characterized in that: the shield tunnel construction method comprises ground vertical shafts (3) arranged on two sides of an existing underground station (1), wherein the ground vertical shafts (3) on the two sides are respectively provided with a plurality of horizontal drilling short freezing holes (5-1) inwards symmetrically, and the horizontal drilling short freezing holes (5-1) on the two sides are respectively provided with independent and non-mutually-communicated freezing wall structures (5-2) for a shield machine (9-1) to pass through into the existing underground station (1); a primary support (6-1) and a secondary lining (6-2) for installing the duct piece (9-2) are arranged in the freezing wall structure (5-2); the freezing wall structure (5-2) is provided with a grouting pipe (7) communicated with the inside of the existing underground station (1) at the outer side of the freezing wall structure (5-2); cement slurry can be injected into the ground vertical shaft (3) and the frozen wall structure (5-2) through a grouting pipe (7) to form concrete (8); and the shield tunneling machine (9-1) cuts concrete (8), uplift piles or temporary columns (2-2) and then assembles the segments (9-2) to form the tunnel.
2. The water-rich sand layer artificial mechanical combined barrier-removing tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an inner supporting structure (4) is arranged in the ground shaft (3) in a plurality of ways.
3. The water-rich sand layer artificial mechanical combined barrier-removing tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the duct piece (9-2) is an assembled steel pipe piece or a concrete duct piece easy to cut.
4. The water-rich sand layer artificial mechanical combined barrier-removing tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the wall of the frozen wall structure (5-2) is not less than 2.5 m.
5. The water-rich sand layer artificial mechanical combined barrier-removing tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary support (6-1) adopts early strength shotcrete and profile steel support structures, and the thickness of the shotcrete is 200-450 mm.
6. The water-rich sand layer artificial mechanical combined barrier-removing tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary lining (6-2) is of a molded reinforced concrete structure, and the thickness of the secondary lining is 200-450 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122346642.5U CN216043711U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Tunnel structure for removing obstacles by combining water-rich sand layer and artificial machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122346642.5U CN216043711U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Tunnel structure for removing obstacles by combining water-rich sand layer and artificial machinery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216043711U true CN216043711U (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202122346642.5U Active CN216043711U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Tunnel structure for removing obstacles by combining water-rich sand layer and artificial machinery |
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| CN (1) | CN216043711U (en) |
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