CN113266360A - Method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration - Google Patents
Method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration Download PDFInfo
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- CN113266360A CN113266360A CN202110474645.9A CN202110474645A CN113266360A CN 113266360 A CN113266360 A CN 113266360A CN 202110474645 A CN202110474645 A CN 202110474645A CN 113266360 A CN113266360 A CN 113266360A
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration, which comprises the following steps: in the process of tunneling a roadway, detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated; if the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated belongs to a first preset distance range, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head, the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate; continuously tunneling the tunneling roadway, and detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated in real time; and if the detected distance between the excavation roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is smaller than a second preset distance, adjusting the pressure relief mode of the excavation head to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and blasting the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate for pressure relief. The embodiment of the invention can effectively reduce the stress concentration degree of a tunneling area and the static load concentration degree, thereby reducing the rock burst display risk caused by highly concentrated stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety mining, in particular to a method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration.
Background
In the process of underground mining of a coal mine, in order to form a complete production system, various development roadways, preparation roadways and stoping roadways need to be excavated, advance supporting pressure continuously moves forwards in the process of tunneling the roadways, and supporting pressure formed by the roadways to be communicated is easily superposed in the communicating period, so that higher stress concentration degree is formed, the stress concentration degree can be further increased along with the continuous reduction of the distance to be communicated, and when the critical load condition that coal bodies in a main bearing area induce impact starting is reached, the bearing area is subjected to material-structure instability damage, so that rock burst is displayed instantly.
The effective prevention and control method is adopted to carry out work on the coal body in the high stress area, so that the dredging of the load is realized, the stress concentration degree of the head-on surrounding rock is greatly reduced, the stress is stably changed in the tunneling process of the working face, the hidden danger of rock burst is reduced, and the smooth through is realized. The reasonable pressure relief method is a key link for improving the pressure relief efficiency and guaranteeing the pressure relief effect, and the scheme of the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration on the basis of comprehensively considering the influence factors.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide a method for preventing and controlling rock burst in a tunneling roadway through manner, which overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, and can combine two pressure relief modes, namely coal seam blasting pressure relief and large-diameter borehole pressure relief, effectively reduce the stress concentration degree in a tunneling area, reduce the static load concentration degree, and improve the threshold of rock burst generation, thereby reducing the risk of rock burst occurrence caused by highly concentrated stress.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration is provided, which comprises the following steps:
in the process of tunneling a roadway, detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated;
if the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated belongs to a first preset distance range, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head, the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate;
continuously tunneling the roadway, and detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated in real time;
and if the detected distance between the excavation roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is smaller than a second preset distance, adjusting the pressure relief mode of the excavation head to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and blasting pressure relief of the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate.
Optionally, the first preset distance is in a range from 50m to 60 m.
Optionally, the second preset distance is 20 m.
Optionally, blast the release to two group portions in tunnelling meeting, the tunnel and the tunnel bottom plate, include:
arranging at least three head-on blast holes at the tunneling head-on, respectively arranging single-row side part blast holes at two sides of the roadway, and respectively arranging bottom plate blast holes at two bottom angle positions of the tunneling roadway;
charging and sealing each blast hole, blasting and releasing pressure of the driving head through the charging and sealed head-on blast hole, blasting and releasing pressure of two sides of the roadway through the charging and sealed side blast holes, and blasting and releasing pressure of the bottom plate of the roadway through the charging and sealed bottom plate blast hole;
and the upper part blasting hole is a third preset distance away from the roadway bottom plate.
Optionally, the hole depth of the head-on blast hole is 11m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading is 5kg, and the hole sealing length is 5.5 m.
Optionally, adjusting the pressure relief mode of the tunneling head to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, blasting the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate for pressure relief, and including:
arranging at least five large-diameter drill holes at the tunneling head, and communicating the tunneling roadway with a roadway to be communicated by using the large-diameter drill holes;
arranging single-row side part blasting holes on two sides of the roadway respectively, arranging bottom plate blasting holes at two bottom corner positions of the driving roadway, charging and sealing the side part blasting holes and the bottom plate blasting holes, blasting and releasing pressure of the two side parts of the roadway through the charged and sealed side part blasting holes, and blasting and releasing pressure of the roadway bottom plate through the charged and sealed bottom plate blasting holes;
and the single-row side part blast holes of the two sides of the roadway are a third preset distance away from the roadway bottom plate.
Optionally, the distance range of a third preset distance between the upper part blast hole and the roadway bottom plate is 1.5-1.7 m, the hole depth of the upper part blast hole is 11m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading capacity is 5kg, and the hole sealing length is 5.5 m;
the hole depth of the bottom plate blast hole is 10m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading is 4kg, and the hole sealing length is 6m
Optionally, the large diameter bore has a bore diameter in the range of 15cm to 20 cm.
The process for preventing and treating rock burst of the embodiment of the invention can be roughly divided into two stages, wherein one stage is that in the process of tunneling, the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is detected, so that when the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is detected to be within a first preset distance range, the tunneling head, the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate are blasted and pressure relief. And entering a second stage after blasting pressure relief, wherein in the second stage, in the process of continuously tunneling the tunneling roadway, the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated can be detected in real time, if the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is smaller than a second preset distance, the pressure relief mode of the tunneling head-on is adjusted from blasting pressure relief to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and the blasting pressure relief mode is continuously adopted for two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate. Therefore, in the coal mine tunneling roadway penetration period, blasting pressure relief and large-diameter drilling pressure relief measures are adopted in stages, namely two pressure relief modes of coal bed blasting pressure relief and large-diameter drilling pressure relief are combined, so that the stress concentration degree of a tunneling area can be effectively reduced, the static load concentration degree is reduced, the threshold of rock burst is improved, and the rock burst emergence risk caused by highly concentrated stress is reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2a shows a schematic layout of blast holes at the heading head according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2b shows a schematic layout of blast holes at the heading head according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of blast holes on the two sides and the bottom of the roadway according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 4 shows a schematic layout of a large diameter borehole at the heading head of a heading according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1: tunneling a roadway; 2: a head-on blast hole; 3: blasting holes on the upper part; 4: a bottom plate blast hole; 5: and (4) drilling a large-diameter hole.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The influence factors of the rock burst of the existing coal seam excavation roadway are analyzed, the supporting pressure is arranged in front of the head of the roadway to be communicated, the supporting pressure is also arranged in front of the head of the excavation roadway, the two supports are mutually superposed along with the mutual approach of the two excavation heads during the roadway communication, the concentrated static load is increased, and along with the continuation of the roadway excavation, the coal body between the excavation roadway and the roadway to be communicated is continuously peeled off, the bearing capacity is reduced, the rock burst occurrence threshold is reduced, and the rock burst danger degree is greatly increased.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for preventing rock burst through a tunneling roadway, and fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method for preventing rock burst through the tunneling roadway according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration includes steps S102 to S108.
And S102, detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated in the tunneling process of the roadway.
And S104, if the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated belongs to a first preset distance range, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head, the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate.
The embodiment of the invention can compare the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated with the first preset distance range, and can judge whether the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated is in the first preset distance range according to the comparison result. The point to be penetrated of the embodiment is in front of the tunneling head of the tunneling roadway.
And S106, continuously tunneling the roadway, and detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated in real time.
And S108, if the detected distance between the excavation roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is smaller than a second preset distance, adjusting the pressure relief mode of the excavation head to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and blasting and pressure relief of two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated can be compared with the second preset distance, and if the distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated is judged to be smaller than the second preset distance according to the comparison result, the blasting pressure relief at the second stage can be determined, namely the pressure relief is carried out by combining a large-diameter drilling pressure relief mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, blasting pressure relief and large-diameter drilling pressure relief measures are adopted in stages during the penetration of a coal mine tunneling roadway, namely two pressure relief modes of coal bed blasting pressure relief and large-diameter drilling pressure relief are combined, so that the stress concentration degree of a coal body in a tunneling area can be effectively reduced, the basic static load level required by rock burst generation is greatly reduced, the threshold of the rock burst generation is improved, and the rock burst display risk caused by highly concentrated stress is reduced.
The basic static load of the coal bed is a necessary condition for rock burst, and the mode of combining large-diameter drilling and deep hole blasting of the coal bed is adopted to reduce the supporting pressure of a coal body by artificially manufacturing a coal body plastic region, so that the basic static load level can be reduced, and a dynamic load superposition threshold is improved, thereby achieving the purpose of finally weakening the risk of rock burst.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined distance may be 50m to 60 m. For example, if the detected distance between the excavation roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is 50m, namely the excavation of the roadway is remained for 50m to be penetrated, the excavation head, the roadway two side parts and the roadway bottom plate can be blasted and pressure relief can be carried out.
The process of blasting and pressure relief for the heading head is described below.
First, at least three blast holes, which may be referred to herein as head-on blast holes 2, are arranged at the driving head, and fig. 2a and 2b show three blast holes arranged at the driving head. Then, the explosive is charged into the head-on blast hole 2, and the head-on blast hole 2 in which the explosive is charged is sealed. And finally, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head through the head-on blast hole 2.
In this embodiment, for example, in the three head-on blast holes 2 arranged at the heading head, the three head-on blast holes 2 may be arranged in a regular three-flower manner as shown in fig. 2a, or the three head-on blast holes 2 may be arranged in an inverted three-flower manner as shown in fig. 2 b. Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a regular three-flower mode and an inverse three-flower mode to alternately arrange the head-on blast holes 2, for example, the head-on blast holes 2 are arranged in the regular three-flower mode at one time of heading, and the head-on blast holes 2 are arranged in the inverse three-flower mode at the next time of heading. The front blasting holes 2 are alternately arranged in a regular three-flower mode and a reverse three-flower mode, so that the blasting safety and the pressure relief are facilitated.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the front blasting holes 2 are arranged in a regular three-flower manner, the distance between the front blasting holes 2 positioned at two sides and the bottom plate of the driving tunnel 1 can be set to be 1m, and the distance between the front blasting hole 2 positioned in the middle and the bottom plate of the driving tunnel 1 can be set to be 1.3 m. When the head-on blast holes 2 are arranged in the inverted three-flower mode, the distance between the head-on blast holes 2 positioned on the two sides and the bottom plate of the excavation roadway 1 can be set to be 1.3m, and the distance between the head-on blast holes 2 positioned in the middle and the bottom plate of the excavation roadway 1 is set to be 1 m.
No matter the front blasting holes 2 are arranged in a regular three-flower mode or the front blasting holes 2 are arranged in an inverted three-flower mode, the distances between the front blasting holes 2 on two sides and the roadway side part can be set to be 1.2 m. Certainly, the position and the distance of the head-on blast hole 2 relative to the roadway floor and the roadway side part are not constant, but can be adjusted according to parameters such as the actual coal seam thickness and the like, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited to this.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2a and fig. 2b, when the head-on blast hole 2 is arranged, the hole depth of the head-on blast hole 2 may be 11m, the hole diameter may be 42mm, the loading amount may be 5kg, and the hole sealing length may be 5.5 m. In addition, in the construction process, the pressure relief safety distance of the tunneling head can be always kept to be not less than 4 m.
Next, the process of blasting and pressure relief of the two sides of the roadway will be described.
First, a single row of blast holes, referred to herein as upper blast holes 3, is arranged in each of the two sides of the roadway, as shown in fig. 3. Then, the explosive is charged into the upper part blasthole 3, and the upper part blasthole 3 into which the explosive is charged is sealed. And finally, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the roadway wall part through the wall part blasting hole 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the upper part blast hole 3 is a third predetermined distance from the roadway floor. Optionally, the third preset distance may be in a distance range of 1.5 to 1.7 m. In this embodiment, with reference to the content shown in fig. 3, when the upper part blastholes 3 are arranged, the hole depth of the upper part blastholes 3 is 11m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the charge amount is 5kg, and the hole sealing length is 5.5 m. Of course, the pressure relief parameters are not only unchanged, but also can be adjusted in time according to the actual coal side thickness.
Next, the process of blasting and pressure relief of the roadway floor will be described.
First, blast holes, which are referred to herein as floor blast holes 4, are arranged at a distance behind the heading face of the heading tunnel 1 from the two base corner positions, respectively, as shown in fig. 3. Then, the explosive is charged into the bottom plate blast hole 4, and the bottom plate blast hole 4 into which the explosive is charged is sealed. And finally, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the bottom plate through the bottom plate blasting holes 4.
In an alternative embodiment, with reference to fig. 3, when the bottom plate blast holes 4 are arranged, the hole depth of the bottom plate blast holes 4 may be 10m, the hole diameter may be 42mm, the charge may be 4kg, the hole sealing length may be 6m, and an included angle between the axial direction of the bottom plate blast holes 4 and the bottom plate may be 45 degrees. Of course, the pressure relief parameters are not only unchanged, but also can be adjusted in time according to the actual thickness of the bottom coal.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement order of the head-on blast hole 2, the upper blast hole 3, and the bottom plate blast hole 4 and the order of loading the explosives are not specifically limited, and generally, the three types of blast holes may be blasted simultaneously, or may be blasted sequentially, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited to this.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when the distance between the tunneling roadway 1 and the point to be communicated of the roadway to be communicated is far, the pressure is relieved by adopting a blasting pressure relief mode, so that the operation is convenient, the cost is low, and a better pressure relief effect can be obtained by selecting proper pressure relief parameters.
After blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head, the two sides of the tunnel and the tunnel bottom plate, in the process of continuously tunneling the tunnel in the step S106, the tunnel can be tunneled at a low speed and a stable speed. And in the process of continuously tunneling the roadway, the distance between the tunneling roadway 1 and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated can be detected in real time, if the detected distance is less than a second preset distance, the second stage of blasting pressure relief is entered, the pressure relief mode of the head-on tunneling is adjusted to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and the pressure relief mode is still adopted for the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate. In an alternative embodiment, the second predetermined distance may be 20 m.
Next, the pressure relief mode of the heading is adjusted to large-diameter drilling pressure relief in step S108, and the process of blasting pressure relief at the two sides of the roadway and the roadway floor is described.
Firstly, at least five large-diameter drill holes 5 are arranged at the head of the tunneling head, and the tunneling roadway 1 is communicated with the roadway to be communicated by the large-diameter drill holes 5.
The large-diameter drilling pressure relief mode is realized by drilling a hole at the heading end of the tunneling in a manner of drilling deformation.
Then, single-row side part blasting holes 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the roadway, and bottom plate blasting holes 4 are arranged at two bottom corner positions of the tunneling roadway 1, wherein the side part blasting holes 3 are a third preset distance away from the roadway bottom plate.
And then, charging and sealing the blasting holes, blasting and releasing pressure of two sides of the roadway through the charging and sealed side blasting holes 3, and blasting and releasing pressure of the roadway bottom plate through the charging and sealed bottom plate blasting holes 4.
Blasting pressure relief actually realizes pressure relief by blasting loose surrounding rocks. The pressure relief effect of drilling pressure relief is related to parameters such as drilling depth, drilling distance, drilling layout and the like, such as drilling diameter, drilling depth, loading and drilling direction and the like, and the pressure relief parameters can be adjusted along with different surrounding rock conditions. The inventor of the scheme of the invention has conducted repeated experiments to obtain the reasonable drilling pressure relief parameters.
The drilling depth of the large diameter borehole 5 of this embodiment may be set to 20 m. As shown in fig. 4, two rows of upper and lower large diameter drill holes 5 may be provided, and the distance between the two rows of upper and lower large diameter drill holes 5 is 1.2m, the distance between the lower row of large diameter drill holes 5 and the roadway floor is 1.2m, and the distance between the left and right adjacent large diameter drill holes 5 is also 1.2 m. The embodiment shown in fig. 4 has a total of five large diameter bores 5, two large diameter bores 5 arranged in the upper row and three large diameter bores 5 arranged in the lower row.
By adopting the drilling pressure relief, the tunnel bottom heave and the two-side moving distance can be effectively reduced, and the rock burst can be effectively prevented and controlled.
And after the pressure relief is carried out at the second stage, the roadway is continuously excavated, the excavation speed needs to be reduced in the process of excavating the roadway, the excavation is carried out at a stable speed, and the phenomenon that the excavation speed is suddenly changed is avoided until the excavation roadway and the roadway to be communicated are smoothly communicated. According to the embodiment of the invention, pressure relief measures are continuously carried out at each stage during the tunneling penetration period, so that the surrounding rock structure of the roadway is changed, the static load concentration degree is reduced, and the energy transfer of the surrounding rock is dissipated, thereby effectively improving the threshold of rock burst and effectively reducing the danger probability of rock burst during the tunneling penetration period.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the above-mentioned method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are exemplary and that no action is necessarily required in this application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced within the spirit and principle of the present invention; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preventing rock burst by tunneling roadway penetration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the process of tunneling a roadway, detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated;
if the detected distance between the tunneling roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated belongs to a first preset distance range, blasting and pressure relief are carried out on the tunneling head, the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate;
continuously tunneling the roadway, and detecting the distance between the tunneling roadway and a point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated in real time;
and if the detected distance between the excavation roadway and the point to be penetrated of the roadway to be penetrated is smaller than a second preset distance, adjusting the pressure relief mode of the excavation head to large-diameter drilling pressure relief, and blasting pressure relief of the two sides of the roadway and the roadway bottom plate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined distance is in a range of 50m to 60 m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined distance is 20 m.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein blasting the heading, the roadway sides and the roadway floor to relieve pressure comprises:
arranging at least three head-on blast holes at the tunneling head-on, respectively arranging single-row side part blast holes at two sides of the roadway, and respectively arranging bottom plate blast holes at two bottom angle positions of the tunneling roadway;
charging and sealing each blast hole, blasting and releasing pressure of the driving head through the charging and sealed head-on blast hole, blasting and releasing pressure of two sides of the roadway through the charging and sealed side blast holes, and blasting and releasing pressure of the bottom plate of the roadway through the charging and sealed bottom plate blast hole;
and the upper part blasting hole is a third preset distance away from the roadway bottom plate.
5. The method of claim 4,
the hole depth of the head-on blast hole is 11m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading is 5kg, and the hole sealing length is 5.5 m.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the pressure relief mode of the tunneling head-on to large-diameter drilling pressure relief and blasting pressure relief of the two sides and the bottom plate of the roadway comprises:
arranging at least five large-diameter drill holes at the tunneling head, and communicating the tunneling roadway with a roadway to be communicated by using the large-diameter drill holes;
arranging single-row side part blasting holes on two sides of the roadway respectively, arranging bottom plate blasting holes at two bottom corner positions of the driving roadway, charging and sealing the side part blasting holes and the bottom plate blasting holes, blasting and releasing pressure of the two side parts of the roadway through the charged and sealed side part blasting holes, and blasting and releasing pressure of the roadway bottom plate through the charged and sealed bottom plate blasting holes;
and the single-row side part blast holes of the two sides of the roadway are a third preset distance away from the roadway bottom plate.
7. The method according to claim 4 or 6,
the distance range of a third preset distance between the upper part blast hole and the roadway bottom plate is 1.5-1.7 m, the hole depth of the upper part blast hole is 11m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading capacity is 5kg, and the hole sealing length is 5.5 m;
the hole depth of the bottom plate blast hole is 10m, the hole diameter is 42mm, the loading is 4kg, and the hole sealing length is 6 m.
8. The method of claim 6,
the aperture range of the large-diameter drill hole is 15cm-20 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110474645.9A CN113266360B (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Tunneling roadway penetration rock burst prevention method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN113914859A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2022-01-11 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Method for preventing rock burst during coal mine tunneling roadway fault crossing |
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