CN113265121A - Variable-stiffness composite material based on temperature change and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Variable-stiffness composite material based on temperature change and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113265121A CN113265121A CN202110537177.5A CN202110537177A CN113265121A CN 113265121 A CN113265121 A CN 113265121A CN 202110537177 A CN202110537177 A CN 202110537177A CN 113265121 A CN113265121 A CN 113265121A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable stiffness composite material based on temperature change and a preparation method thereof. The thermosetting matrix material is a high-molecular epoxy resin material which is easy to be crosslinked and generates a net structure. The phase-changeable alloy is bismuth indium tin alloy, and the melting point is 60-66 ℃. The high-molecular epoxy resin material is a mixture of a liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin monomer and a polyamide epoxy curing agent. The invention adopts a mold forming method, has simple preparation process, low cost and wide application range. By regulating and controlling the material proportion, the rigidity change in different ranges can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a variable stiffness composite material based on temperature change and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
Soft robots have the advantage of a high degree of flexibility and adaptability to complex environments. However, the low stiffness characteristics of the constituent materials render the soft robotic system inadequate for tasks requiring relatively high load capacity. The importance of adding the rigidity adjusting function to the flexible mechanism is increasingly prominent in the face of the characteristics of surplus flexibility and insufficient rigidity of the flexible soft robot, and the rigidity adjusting technology is always a hotspot and a difficulty in the research field of the flexible soft robot. The existing rigidity adjusting technology can be divided into a mechanical rigidity changing technology and a material rigidity changing technology. The mechanical variable stiffness technology mainly utilizes components such as a spring, a sliding block and the like to realize stiffness adjustment in a mode of adjusting the acting force of an elastic element, but the structure is complex. The material rigidity changing technology mainly realizes the glass transition of a single material system by changing the temperature, adjusts the integral rigidity of the material, but can only realize the rigidity change in a smaller range.
The composite material is a novel material system and benefits from the comprehensive performance of a plurality of component materials. The difference of the components determines the performance difference of the composite material, and the specific matrix material and the filling material are selected to directionally adjust the material performance.
Therefore, from the design of the composite material, the phase-changeable alloy is dispersed into the thermosetting polymer material in a physical blending mode, and a novel variable-stiffness composite material based on temperature change and a preparation method thereof are developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the variable stiffness technology at the present stage, and provides a variable stiffness composite material based on temperature change and a preparation method thereof.
A variable-rigidity composite material based on temperature change is characterized in that a phase-changeable alloy is dispersed into a thermosetting matrix material in a physical blending mode according to different material proportions, the content of the phase-changeable alloy in the composite material is 10-50 vol%, and the content of the thermosetting matrix material in the composite material is 50-90 vol%.
The phase-changeable alloy is bismuth indium tin alloy, the melting point is 60-66 ℃, the purity is 99-99.9%, and the thermosetting matrix material is a high-molecular epoxy resin material which is easy to cure and crosslink to generate a net structure.
The high-molecular epoxy resin material is a mixture of an epoxy resin monomer and an epoxy curing agent, the epoxy resin monomer is liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin with the model number of EPON828 and the purity of 99-99.7 percent, and the epoxy curing agent is a polyamide curing agent with the model number of EPIKURE3164 and the purity of 99-99.5 percent.
The invention provides a preparation method of a variable stiffness material based on temperature change, which comprises the following steps:
step one, according to an epoxy resin monomer: the mass ratio of the polyamide epoxy curing agent is 2:1 weighing EPON828 epoxy resin monomer and EPIKURE3164 polyamide epoxy curing agent, stirring for 5-8 min for mixing, and then placing into a vacuum drying oven at 20 deg.C for 15-20 min to remove air mixed in the material;
step two, converting the solid bismuth indium tin alloy into a molten state by adopting a 70-90 ℃ water bath heating mode, adding a mixture of an epoxy resin monomer and an epoxy curing agent into the molten alloy, stirring for 5-10 minutes to fully mix the mixture, and performing the stirring process in a 70-90 ℃ hot water bath;
step three, standing the uniformly mixed liquid composite material obtained in the step two for 5-8 minutes under the hot air flow of 100-150 ℃ until the composite material becomes a gel state, pouring the composite material into a silica gel mold, and placing the poured silica gel mold into a drying oven at 50-DEG C and 55 ℃ for 12-16 hours to carry out final curing;
and step four, after the composite material poured in the step three is completely cured, demolding, and taking out the prepared variable-rigidity composite material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the phase-changeable alloy is dispersed into the thermosetting resin material in a physical blending mode, so that the large-scale rigidity adjustment of the composite material is realized, the maximum change range of the tensile modulus is 19.97-1013.88 MPa, the maximum change range of the compressive modulus is 8.99-605.03 MPa, and the change range of the rigidity of the material can be changed by regulating the content of the bismuth indium tin alloy. Through the mould shaping, shaping efficiency is high, the preparation cost is low, and the rigidity-changing material of moulding can be applied to multiple occasion, has expanded application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a variable stiffness composite fabrication;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variable stiffness composite microstructure;
FIG. 3 is the tensile modulus as a function of temperature for composites of different alloy content;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the compressive modulus of composites with different alloy content as a function of temperature.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
referring to FIG. 1, a variable stiffness composite material with an alloy content of 10 vol% was prepared
The density ratio of the epoxy resin monomer, the epoxy curing agent and the bismuth indium tin alloy is 1.16g/cm3:0.98g/cm3:7.88g/cm3. The content of the bismuth indium tin alloy in the composite material is 10 vol%, and the content of the epoxy resin in the composite material is 90 vol%. According to the epoxy resin monomer: weighing EPON828 epoxy resin monomer and EPIKURE3164 polyamide epoxy curing agent at a mass ratio of 2:1, stirring for 5 min for mixing, placing into a vacuum drying oven at 20 deg.C for 15-20 min, and removing air mixed in the material. According to the epoxy resin monomer: weighing an epoxy resin monomer and an epoxy curing agent according to the mass ratio of 2:1, stirring for 10 minutes, and then putting the mixture of the epoxy resin monomer and the epoxy curing agent into a vacuum drying oven at 20 ℃ for 20 minutes. By adopting a water bath heating modeMelting the solid bismuth indium tin alloy, adding the mixture of epoxy resin monomer and epoxy curing agent, stirring for 10 minutes, and stirring in a hot water bath at 70 ℃. The material was placed under 100 ℃ airflow until the material reached a gel state, then poured into a silica gel mold and placed in a 55 ℃ incubator for 12h for final curing. And (4) demolding after the composite material is completely cured, and taking out the prepared variable-rigidity composite material.
Example 2:
referring to FIG. 1, a variable stiffness composite material with an alloy content of 30 vol% was prepared
The density ratio of the epoxy resin monomer, the epoxy curing agent and the bismuth indium tin alloy is 1.16g/cm3:0.98g/cm3:7.88g/cm3. The content of the bismuth indium tin alloy in the composite material is 30 vol%, and the content of the epoxy resin in the composite material is 70 vol%. According to the epoxy resin monomer: the polyamide epoxy curing agent is prepared by weighing EPON828 epoxy resin monomer and EPIKURE3164 polyamide epoxy curing agent at a mass ratio of 2:1, stirring for 5 min, and placing the mixture of the epoxy resin monomer and the epoxy curing agent in a vacuum drying oven at 20 ℃ for 20 min. Melting the solid bismuth indium tin alloy by adopting a water bath heating mode, adding the mixture of the epoxy resin monomer and the epoxy curing agent, stirring for 10 minutes, and carrying out the stirring process in a hot water bath at 70 ℃. The material was placed under 100 ℃ airflow until the material reached a gel state, then poured into a silica gel mold and placed in a 55 ℃ incubator for 12h for final curing. And (4) demolding after the composite material is completely cured, and taking out the prepared variable-rigidity composite material.
Example 3:
referring to FIG. 1, a variable stiffness composite material with an alloy content of 50 vol% was prepared
The density ratio of the epoxy resin monomer, the epoxy curing agent and the bismuth indium tin alloy is 1.16g/cm3:0.98g/cm3:7.88g/cm3. The content of the bismuth indium tin alloy in the composite material is 50 vol%, and the content of the epoxy resin in the composite material is 50 vol%. According to the epoxy resin monomer: the mass ratio of the polyamide epoxy curing agent to the EPIKURE3164 polyamide is 2:1 and EPON828 epoxy resin monomerEpoxy curing agent, then stirred for 5 minutes, and then the epoxy resin monomer and epoxy curing agent mixture was placed in a vacuum oven at 20 ℃ for 20 minutes. Melting the solid bismuth indium tin alloy by adopting a water bath heating mode, adding the mixture of the epoxy resin monomer and the epoxy curing agent, stirring for 10 minutes, and carrying out the stirring process in a hot water bath at 70 ℃. The material was placed under 100 ℃ airflow until the material reached a gel state, then poured into a silica gel mold and placed in a 55 ℃ incubator for 12h for final curing. And (4) demolding after the composite material is completely cured, and taking out the prepared variable-rigidity composite material.
Claims (4)
1. A variable stiffness composite material based on temperature change is characterized in that: according to different material proportions, the phase-changeable alloy is dispersed into the thermosetting matrix material in a physical blending mode, the content of the phase-changeable alloy in the composite material is 10-50 vol%, and the content of the thermosetting matrix material in the composite material is 50-90 vol%.
2. A variable stiffness composite based on temperature change according to claim 1, wherein: the phase-changeable alloy is bismuth indium tin alloy, the melting point is 60-66 ℃, the purity is 99-99.9%, and the thermosetting matrix material is a high-molecular epoxy resin material which is easy to cure and crosslink to generate a net structure.
3. A variable stiffness composite based on temperature change according to claim 1, wherein: the high-molecular epoxy resin material is a mixture of an epoxy resin monomer and an epoxy curing agent, the epoxy resin monomer is liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin with the model number of EPON828 and the purity of 99-99.7 percent, and the epoxy curing agent is a polyamide curing agent with the model number of EPIKURE3164 and the purity of 99-99.5 percent.
4. A preparation method of a variable stiffness material based on temperature change is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to an epoxy resin monomer: the mass ratio of the polyamide epoxy curing agent is 2:1 weighing EPON828 epoxy resin monomer and EPIKURE3164 polyamide epoxy curing agent, stirring for 5-8 min for mixing, and then placing into a vacuum drying oven at 20 deg.C for 15-20 min to remove air mixed in the material;
step two, converting the solid bismuth indium tin alloy into a molten state by adopting a 70-90 ℃ water bath heating mode, adding a mixture of an epoxy resin monomer and an epoxy curing agent into the molten alloy, stirring for 5-10 minutes to fully mix the mixture, and performing the stirring process in a 70-90 ℃ hot water bath;
step three, standing the uniformly mixed liquid composite material obtained in the step two for 5-8 minutes under the hot air flow of 100-150 ℃ until the composite material becomes a gel state, pouring the composite material into a silica gel mold, and placing the poured silica gel mold into a drying oven at 50-DEG C and 55 ℃ for 12-16 hours to carry out final curing;
and step four, after the composite material poured in the step three is completely cured, demolding, and taking out the prepared variable-rigidity composite material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113831736A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-24 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Multistable rigidity-variable intelligent material and preparation method and application thereof |
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