CN113250209B - Toughness composite buffer for slope flexible protection system and design method thereof - Google Patents

Toughness composite buffer for slope flexible protection system and design method thereof Download PDF

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CN113250209B
CN113250209B CN202011251346.0A CN202011251346A CN113250209B CN 113250209 B CN113250209 B CN 113250209B CN 202011251346 A CN202011251346 A CN 202011251346A CN 113250209 B CN113250209 B CN 113250209B
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buffer spring
sliding plate
rope
buffer
steel pipe
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CN113250209A (en
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余志祥
廖林绪
金云涛
谢济阳
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a toughness composite buffer for a slope flexible protection system, which comprises: two ends of the supporting steel pipe are respectively fixed on the spring base plate and the anchor pulling plate; the sliding plate is provided with a sliding plate hole, and the support steel pipe penetrates through the sliding plate hole so that the sliding plate can be sleeved on the support steel pipe in a sliding manner; the buffer spring is sleeved on the support steel pipe, and two ends of the buffer spring are respectively connected with the spring base plate and the sliding plate; one end of the first steel cable penetrates through the sliding plate and is anchored on the sliding plate by a metal rope anchor, and the other end of the first steel cable is connected to the first supporting rope; when the impact energy of the system is in the normal working energy level range, the buffer spring works independently to generate elastic deformation and recover along with the cleaning of falling rocks; and when the impact energy exceeds the normal working energy level, the supporting steel column is started to be bent to realize composite energy consumption.

Description

Toughness composite buffer for slope flexible protection system and design method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a buffer of a side slope flexible protection system, in particular to a toughness composite buffer for the side slope flexible protection system and a design method thereof, and belongs to the field of side slope geological disaster protection.
Background
The passive flexible protection system is a protection structure widely applied to prevention and control of side slope geological disasters and generally comprises a support steel column, a metal interception net, an energy dissipater and a pull anchor system.
The protection energy level is a key index for evaluating the protection performance of the protective material, and the more energy is dissipated when the protective material is impacted, the stronger the protection capability is, and the higher the protection energy level is. The energy dissipation ratio of the energy dissipater in the system is the largest, so the research of the energy dissipater is important for the passive flexible protection system. Currently, energy dissipators on the market can be divided into four categories: the friction type energy dissipater, the yield type energy dissipater, the local destruction type energy dissipater and the friction-yield combined type energy dissipater do not have recoverability after being stressed and deformed.
The pressure reducing ring is a friction-yield combined energy dissipater which is most widely applied in the slope flexible protection system at present, and related researches show that: the energy consumption proportion of the pressure reducing ring is greatly reduced when the system is subjected to accumulated impact, the energy consumption proportion of the pressure reducing ring is over 50% during the first impact, the energy consumption proportion of the pressure reducing ring from the accumulated impact to the third impact is only 21%, and the energy consumption capacity of the system is reduced due to the damage of the pressure reducing ring. In actual engineering, passive flexible protection systems are often subjected to multiple cumulative impacts, the intercepted falling rocks are regularly cleaned and the damaged components are replaced, but frequent replacement of the pressure reducing ring under the action of smaller-level impacts is neither economical nor reasonable. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the buffer mechanism is unreasonable in arrangement, the passive flexible protection system is insufficient in toughness, and the situation that the system is abnormally damaged due to the fact that the 'brake effect' caused by the fact that enough deformation is generated cannot be guaranteed often. The system has failure modes such as support column buckling, column base damage, connection damage, anchoring point damage and the like, so that the system can only provide the protection capability of about a preset protection energy level 1/3-2/3.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flexible composite buffer for a slope flexible protection system and a design method thereof, and mainly solves the problems that an energy dissipater in the existing flexible protection system is troublesome to maintain and is not economical and reasonable enough under the condition of multiple accumulated small-energy-level impacts. And the buffer mechanism of the existing slope flexible protection system is unreasonable in arrangement, insufficient in toughness and easy to cause the 'braking effect'.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the buffer of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a malleable composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system, comprising:
two ends of the supporting steel pipe are respectively fixed on the spring base plate and the anchor pulling plate;
the sliding plate is provided with a sliding plate hole, and the support steel pipe penetrates through the sliding plate hole so that the sliding plate can be sleeved on the support steel pipe in a sliding manner;
the buffer spring is sleeved on the support steel pipe, two ends of the buffer spring are respectively connected with the spring base plate and the sliding plate, and the buffer spring can stretch along the support steel pipe along with the left and right sliding of the sliding plate;
one end of the first steel cable penetrates through the sliding plate and is anchored on the sliding plate through a metal rope anchor, the other end of the first steel cable is connected to a first supporting rope, and when the first supporting rope is pulled, the sliding plate is driven by the first steel cable to compress the buffer spring to slide along the supporting steel pipe.
Further, still include: a second steel cable;
the second steel cable penetrates through the supporting steel pipe and is fixed on the spring base plate and the anchor pulling plate respectively through the metal rope anchor, and the other end of the second steel cable is connected to the second supporting rope.
Further, still include: the connecting mechanism is formed by clamping a steel wire rope by a rope clamp to form a half-8 shape;
the connecting mechanism and the shackle are used for connecting the first supporting rope and the first steel cable;
and the connecting mechanism and the shackle are used for connecting the second support rope and the second steel cable.
Further, still include: starting the rope;
two ends of the starting rope are fixed between the sliding plate and the anchor pulling plate, and two ends of the starting rope respectively penetrate through the sliding plate and the anchor pulling plate and are anchored by metal rope anchors.
Furthermore, when the sliding plate moves to enable the deformation of the buffer spring to reach a preset value, the starting rope (8) is tensioned, and the supporting steel pipe (2) is stressed, so that the composite energy consumption is realized.
In another aspect, a method for designing a flexible composite bumper for a slope flexible protection system according to one of the previous claims comprises the following steps:
a) determining the tension F of the support line at the normal operating levelselTension F of support rope at normal working energy levelselDetermined by experimental or numerical calculation;
b) presetting the maximum elastic deformation s of the buffer spring;
c) preliminarily designing and determining the number m of the buffer springs;
d) calculating the diameter d of the reinforcing steel bar of the buffer spring;
e) calculating the pitch diameter D of the buffer spring;
f) calculating the number n of turns of the buffer spring;
g) determining a pitch t of the buffer spring;
h) calculating the free height H of the buffer spring0；
i) Determining a starting rope length l;
j) determining the height h of the support steel pipe;
k) designing the section of a supporting steel pipe;
l) checking whether the requirements are met through numerical calculation or experiments.
Further, the diameter d of the cushioning spring steel bar is determined by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003149041090000031
Figure GDA0003149041090000032
in the formula: k is curvature coefficient, F is maximum external load of buffer spring
Figure GDA0003149041090000033
m is the number of the buffer springs, C is the winding ratio of the buffer springs, and [ tau ] is selected according to the specification]The test is conducted for the material of the buffer spring steel, and the standard can be checked and determined.
Further, the cushion spring pitch diameter D is calculated by the following formula:
D＝Cd。
further, the number of buffer spring turns n is calculated by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003149041090000034
in the formula: g is the shear modulus of steel used for the buffer spring (1), and s is the maximum elastic deformation amount generated by the stress of the buffer spring (1).
Further, the pitch t of the buffer spring (1) is determined by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003149041090000035
in the formula: delta1May take delta for clearance1＝0.1d。
Further, the free height H of the buffer spring (1)0Is determined by the following formula:
H0＝nt+1.5d。
further, the starting cord (8) length l is determined by:
l＝l0+s+t0+2t1+nδ1
in the formula: l0Is the initial distance, t, of the sliding plate from the anchor pulling plate0Is the thickness of the sliding plate, t1The anchoring length of the starting rope (8) is selected according to the construction requirement.
Further, the support steel pipe height h is determined by the following formula:
h＝H0+l0+t0。
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the flexible composite buffer works, the impact load is small, the impact energy borne by the flexible protection system is in the range of a normal working energy level (SEL), the first support rope slides to enable the sliding plate connected with the first support rope to drive the buffer spring to move so as to achieve the purpose of buffering, and at the moment, the buffer spring works independently to generate elastic deformation and recover to an initial state along with the cleaning of falling rocks; the impact load is large, the impact energy borne by the flexible protection system exceeds the normal working energy level (SEL) until the range of the maximum experimental energy level (MEL), and when the spring deformation reaches the maximum value (the clearance is 0), the starting rope is stretched straight, so that the supporting steel column is started to be bent, and the composite energy consumption is realized. When the impact energy far exceeds the maximum experimental energy level (MEL), the protection rope is started, and the system is prevented from being damaged by the buffer to cause overall failure. The flexible composite buffer has a simple structure, is convenient to maintain, does not need to frequently replace an energy dissipater when a flexible protection system is subjected to the action of small-energy-level repeated impact, and can realize composite energy dissipation under large-energy-level impact.
The tough composite buffer is used as a component of a slope flexible protection system, can effectively avoid the brake effect which may occur when the system is in service, reduces the abnormal damage of other parts of the system, and improves the overall toughness of the system.
The tough composite buffer disclosed by the invention is reasonable in structural design and clear in working mechanism, and the buffering capacity and the plastic energy consumption capacity can be adjusted by adjusting the sizes and the numbers of the buffer springs and the support steel columns.
The design method of the tough composite buffer provided by the invention has clear orderliness, sufficient theoretical support and strong engineering applicability, and a professional designer can quickly master the design of the tough composite buffer according to the design method provided by the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of embodiment 1 of the malleable composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of another embodiment of the malleable composite bumper of the present application for use in a slope flexible protective system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the sliding plate of the flexible composite bumper for a slope flexible protection system of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spring-based plate of the flexible composite bumper of the present application for a slope flexible protection system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the anchor pulling plate of the tough composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system of the present application. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used to denote the same structures or components, and the names of the structures or components corresponding to the reference numbers are as follows:
1-buffer spring, 2-support steel tube, 3-sliding plate, 4-spring base plate, 5-anchor pulling plate, 6-first steel cable, 7-second steel cable, 8-starting rope, 9-metal rope anchor, 10-protective rope, 11-half '8' shaped connection mechanism, 12-shackle, 13-sliding plate hole, 14-rope hole, 15-rope clamp, 16-first support rope, 17-second support rope
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a malleable composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system includes: the device comprises a buffer spring 1, a support steel pipe 2, a sliding plate 3, a spring base plate 4, an anchor pulling plate 5, a first steel cable 6, a second steel cable 7, a starting rope 8, a metal rope anchor 9, a protection rope 10, a half-8-shaped connecting mechanism 11 and a shackle 12;
wherein, 1 both ends of buffer spring are connected with spring base plate 4 and sliding plate 3 respectively, and a support steel pipe 2 is endotheca in every buffer spring 1, and buffer spring 1 can be followed and supported 2 axial compressions of steel pipe. The support steel pipe 2 penetrates through a sliding plate hole 13 on the sliding plate 3, and two ends of the support steel pipe are respectively welded with the spring base plate 4 and the anchor pulling plate 5. The sliding plate 3 is provided with a rope hole 14, one end of a first steel cable 6 penetrates through the rope hole 14 and is anchored by a metal rope anchor 9, the other end of the first steel cable is connected with a shackle 12 through a half 8-shaped connecting mechanism 11 formed by clamping a steel wire rope by a rope clamp 15, and when being pulled, the sliding plate 3 can be driven to slide along the supporting steel pipe 2 and compress the buffer spring 1.
The spring base plate 4 and the anchor pulling plate 5 are provided with cable holes 13, one end of a second steel cable 7 which passes through the support steel pipe 2 and the cable holes 14 on the spring base plate 4 and the anchor pulling plate 5 is anchored on the spring base plate 4 by a metal cable anchor 9, and the other end is connected with a shackle 12 through a half 8-shaped connecting mechanism 11.
The starting rope 8 is connected between the sliding plate 3 and the anchor pulling plate 5, the starting rope penetrates through the rope hole 14 and is anchored by the metal rope anchor 9, when the sliding plate 3 moves to enable the deformation of the buffer spring 1 to reach a preset value, the starting rope 8 is tensioned (the starting rope 8 is in a loose state initially), the supporting steel pipe 2 is stressed, and therefore combined energy consumption is achieved, preferably, when the sliding plate 3 moves to enable the deformation of the buffer spring 1 to reach a maximum value (the clearance is 0), the starting rope 8 is straightened to enable the anchor pulling plate 5 to be stressed, and therefore the supporting steel pipe 2 is stressed, and therefore combined energy consumption is achieved. In the present embodiment, the clearance is a clearance provided when the buffer spring 1 is stressed to ensure that the initial state can be completely restored by removing the external force after the compression deformation. In other words, the clearance is the clearance between the spring steel wires when the spring is elastically deformed to the maximum extent. Due to the existence of the composite energy dissipation structure, when the slope flexible protection system is impacted by a small energy level, only the buffer spring 1 deforms, the support steel pipe 2 does not participate in the stress, and the buffer spring 1 generates elastic deformation to bear all impact force and can restore to an initial state along with the cleaning of falling rocks; this application receives great energy level impact when acting on at the flexible protection system of slope, and buffer spring 1 warp, and 8 tensile deformations of starting rope are greater than the default, support 2 atress of steel pipe, can provide sufficient power consumption ability for the system, also can provide better buffer mechanism for the system simultaneously.
To connect the spring base plate 4 with the anchor plate 5, a support steel tube 2 is provided. The support steel pipe 2 provides a sliding path for the sliding plate 3 and the buffer spring 1, so that the buffer spring 1 does not bend, interfere with each other, deviate from a predetermined path, and the like when being impacted. Meanwhile, the support steel pipe 2 can provide additional support when the rigidity of the buffer spring 1 is insufficient, so that the winding ratio of the buffer spring 1 in design is larger than that in a reference specification as appropriate.
In order to make the sliding plate 3 slide successfully on the supporting steel pipe 2, the sliding plate 3 is provided with a sliding plate hole 13 and the hole diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the supporting steel pipe 2.
The steel wire rope connecting device further comprises a connecting mechanism 11, wherein the connecting mechanism 11 is formed by clamping a steel wire rope into a half-8 shape through a rope clamp 15; the connecting mechanism 11 and the shackle 12 cooperate with each other to connect the rope structures of the present application, and preferably, the connecting mechanism 11 and the shackle 12 are used for connecting the first support rope 16 and the first steel cable 6; the connecting mechanism 11 and the shackle 12 are also used for connecting the second support rope 17 and the second steel cable 7.
One embodiment of the application further comprises a protection rope 10, and two ends of the protection rope 10 are respectively connected with the shackle 12 through a half 8-shaped connecting mechanism 11.
In this application, buffer spring 1 is not limited to one, and buffer spring 1's specific number can be designed according to actual buffering energy storage demand and power consumption demand, corresponding other structures according to buffer spring 1's number adjustment match can, for example, support steel pipe 2.
On the other hand, the design method of the tough composite buffer for the slope flexible protection system has the following design principles: the buffer spring and the support steel pipe can be designed according to the buffer energy storage requirement and the energy consumption requirement. The design principle is that when the flexible protection system with the buffer works, the impact energy is in the range of a normal working energy level (SEL), and the buffer only starts a buffer spring to buffer and store energy; between a normal working energy level (SEL) and a maximum experimental energy level (MEL), when the sliding plate (3) moves to enable the deformation of the pressure spring to reach the maximum (the clearance is 0), the buckling deformation of the support steel pipe is started to realize the composite energy consumption; when the impact energy far exceeds the maximum experimental energy level (MEL), the protection rope is started, and the system is prevented from being damaged by the buffer to cause overall failure.
The specific design method of the buffer spring 1 comprises the following steps:
a) determining the tension F of the support line at the normal operating levelselTension F of support rope at normal working energy levelselDetermined by experimental or numerical calculation;
b) presetting the maximum elastic deformation s of the buffer spring 1;
c) preliminarily designing and determining the number m of the buffer springs 1;
d) calculating the diameter d of the steel bar of the buffer spring 1;
e) calculating the pitch diameter D of the buffer spring 1;
f) calculating the number n of turns of the buffer spring 1;
g) determining the pitch t of the buffer spring 1;
h) calculating the free height H of the buffer spring 10；
i) Determining the length l of the starting rope 8;
j) determining the height h of the support steel pipe;
k) designing the section of the support steel pipe;
l) checking whether the requirements are met through numerical calculation or experiments.
Using the equation for determining the diameter d of the spring reinforcement
Figure GDA0003149041090000071
Calculating, and adopting an equation for the curvature coefficient in the formula due to the bearing of the impact load
Figure GDA0003149041090000072
And (6) performing calculation.
In order to determine the spring pitch diameter D, an equation D ═ Cd is adopted for calculation, the spring is internally sleeved with a support steel pipe, the spring stiffness can be properly reduced according to requirements, and the value of C can be appropriately enlarged according to the reference specification when needed.
To determine the number of spring turns n, the equation is used
Figure GDA0003149041090000073
And (6) performing calculation.
To determine the spring pitch t, the equation is used
Figure GDA0003149041090000074
And (6) performing calculation. The pitch of the spring can be determined according to actual requirements, and the clearance delta can be adjusted1The size of (2) meets the actual requirement.
To determine the free height H of the spring0Using equation H0The calculation is made for nt +1.5d, and 1.5d in the formula is an influence when the connection structure is considered.
To determine the starting rope length l, the equation l is used0+s+t0+2t1+nδ1And calculating, wherein the length of the starting rope is required to ensure that the starting rope can be tensioned and directly transmit force when the pressure spring is compressed to the maximum deformation (the clearance is 0). The pressure spring is designed with a clearance delta1So that the pulling force reaches FselIn this case, the buffer spring still has the capability of further deforming. Therefore, when the impact energy exceeds the normal working energy level (SEL), the buffer spring can further generate elastic-plastic deformation, thereby consuming energy.
In order to determine the height H of the supporting steel tube, the equation H ═ H is adopted0+l0+t0And calculating, wherein the distance between each part is fully considered when the height of the supporting steel pipe is determined, and each part is ensured not to interfere when the buffer works.
In order to determine the section of the supporting steel pipe, the calculation of a single steel pipe is firstly carried out by an Euler formula and an equation
Figure GDA0003149041090000081
And
Figure GDA0003149041090000082
and inquiring the steel pipe specification table to preliminarily determine the outer diameter D0And an inner diameter d0(in the formula
Figure GDA0003149041090000083
E is the modulus of elasticity); calculating the flexibility according to the cross section and the length to judge whether the slender rod is adopted, and adopting an equation to calculate the flexibility
Figure GDA0003149041090000084
(in the formula
Figure GDA0003149041090000085
) (ii) a If λ is not less than λpCalculating the cross section of the result by using Euler formula as the design cross section of the supporting steel pipe, and if lambda is0≤λ≤λpInterpolation is carried out by adopting a linear formula to recalculate the section; if λ is less than or equal to λ0The cross section is recalculated with intensity control. And calculating a plurality of steel pipes according to the relevant theory of the steel structure and considering the overall stability of the steel pipes. The section of the support steel pipe is also required to be provided with a rigid inhaul cable and a buffer spring in an inner penetrating mode during assembly, and the successful assembly of the support steel pipe, the rigid inhaul cable and the buffer spring is required to be ensured.
The following provides an embodiment of the foregoing design method in conjunction with specific engineering:
example 1
The embodiment plans to design a toughness composite buffer applied to a small-energy-level flexible protection system, proposes a spring steel material brand of 60Si2Mn according to the standard recommendation, and adopts Q235 steel as the steel pipe material. The flexible composite damper of the present embodiment employs a damping spring, and each plate and each connecting member are adjusted accordingly according to the design, as shown in fig. 1.
Performing calculation design according to a design flow shown in FIG. 1:
determining the tension F of the supporting rope in the normal use state according to the existing experiments and numerical simulationsel＝30kN
According to requirements, the maximum deformation amount s of the spring is preset to be 250mm
Preliminarily designing and determining the number m of the springs to be 1
Calculating the diameter d of the spring steel bar by using an equation
Figure GDA0003149041090000086
Calculating, looking up the standard and drawing up C ═ 5, [ tau ]]590Mpa is taken under the action of impact load, and the curvature coefficient is taken
Figure GDA0003149041090000087
Figure GDA0003149041090000088
And d is more than or equal to 29.21mm after substitution, and the recommended value is 30mm after consulting the specification.
And calculating the spring pitch diameter D, and calculating by adopting an equation D which is Cd to obtain D which is 150mm.
Calculating the number n of spring turns by using the equation
Figure GDA0003149041090000089
The calculation is carried out, G is 78.8Gpa is taken out from the reference specification, n is 19.7 is obtained by substitution calculation, and the integer is 20.
Determining the spring pitch t, using the equation
Figure GDA00031490410900000810
Make a calculation of1Take delta for clearance1Calculated t is 45.5mm after substitution to 0.1 d.
Calculating the free height H of the spring0Using equation H0Calculate nt +1.5d, substitute data to calculate H0＝955mm.
Determining the starting rope length l, using the equation l ═ l0+s+t0+2t1+nδ1Carry out the calculation of0According to the structural requirement, the thickness is 100mm, t0According to the structural requirement, 25mm, t1According to the construction requirement, 50mm is taken, and l is 535mm.
Determining the height H of the supporting steel pipe, and adopting the equation H ═ H0+l0+t0And calculating, and substituting the data to obtain h which is 1080mm.
Designing the cross section of the supporting steel pipe by equation
Figure GDA0003149041090000091
And
Figure GDA0003149041090000092
(in the formula
Figure GDA0003149041090000093
) The calculation was carried out by setting F to 30kN and E to 2.06X 105The MPa is substituted to calculate and inquire a steel pipe specification table, meanwhile, the structural characteristics of a steel cable penetrating through the support steel pipe and a buffer spring sleeved outside the support steel pipe are fully considered, and the preliminarily formulated section is as follows: d032mm, T3 mm; using the equation
Figure GDA0003149041090000094
Calculating the compliance, and substituting the data to obtain lambda-100.04, and the Q235 steel lambdap100, with λ > λpIf the rod is a slender rod, the Euler formula can be used for calculation, and the section of the steel pipe is determined to be D0＝32mm，T＝3mm。
And (3) establishing a three-dimensional refined model (shown in figure 1), and performing numerical calculation, wherein the calculation result meets the design requirement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A malleable composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system, comprising:
two ends of the supporting steel pipe (2) are respectively fixed on the spring base plate (4) and the anchor pulling plate (5);
the sliding plate (3) is provided with a sliding plate hole (13), and the supporting steel pipe (2) penetrates through the sliding plate hole (13) so that the sliding plate (3) is sleeved on the supporting steel pipe (2) in a sliding manner;
the buffer spring (1) is sleeved on the support steel pipe (2), and two ends of the buffer spring (1) are respectively connected with the spring base plate (4) and the sliding plate (3) and extend and retract along the support steel pipe (2) along with the left and right sliding of the sliding plate (3);
one end of the first steel cable (6) penetrates through the sliding plate (3) and is anchored on the sliding plate (3) through a metal rope anchor (9), the other end of the first steel cable (6) is connected to a first supporting rope (16), and when the first supporting rope (16) is pulled, the sliding plate (3) is driven by the first steel cable (6) to compress the buffer spring (1) and slide along the supporting steel pipe (2);
further comprising: the two ends of the starting rope (8) are fixed between the sliding plate (3) and the anchor pulling plate (5), and the two ends of the starting rope (8) respectively penetrate through the sliding plate (3) and the anchor pulling plate (5) and are anchored by a metal rope anchor (9);
further comprising: a second steel cable (7);
the second steel inhaul cable (7) penetrates through the supporting steel pipe (2) and is respectively fixed on the spring base plate (4) and the anchor pulling plate (5) by using a metal rope anchor (9), and the other end of the second steel inhaul cable is connected to a second supporting rope (17);
when the sliding plate (3) moves to enable the buffer spring (1) to deform to reach a preset value, the starting rope (8) is tensioned, and the steel supporting pipe (2) is stressed, so that composite energy consumption is achieved.
2. The malleable composite bumper for a slop flexible safety system, as set forth in claim 1, further comprising: the connecting mechanism (11) is formed by clamping a half 8-shaped steel wire rope by a rope clamp (15);
the connecting mechanism (11) and the shackle (12) are used for connecting the first supporting rope (16) and the first steel cable (6);
the connecting mechanism (11) and the shackle (12) are used for connecting the second support rope (17) and the second steel cable (7).
3. The design method of the flexible composite buffer for the slope flexible protection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) determining the tension of a support line at a normal operating levelFselTension F of support rope at normal working energy levelselDetermined by experimental or numerical calculation;
b) presetting the maximum elastic deformation s of the buffer spring (1);
c) preliminarily designing and determining the number m of the buffer springs (1);
d) calculating the diameter d of the steel bar of the buffer spring (1);
e) calculating the pitch diameter D of the buffer spring (1);
f) calculating the number n of turns of the buffer spring (1);
g) determining the pitch t of the buffer spring (1);
h) calculating the free height H of the buffer spring (1)0；
i) Determining the length l of the starting rope (8);
j) determining the height h of the support steel pipe;
k) designing the section of the support steel pipe;
l) checking whether the requirements are met by numerical calculation or experiments.
4. A design method of a flexible composite buffer for a slope flexible protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter d of the steel bar of the buffer spring (1) is determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003581567970000021
Figure FDA0003581567970000022
in the formula: k is curvature coefficient, F is maximum external load of the buffer spring (1)
Figure FDA0003581567970000023
m is the number of the buffer springs (1), C is the winding ratio of the buffer springs (1), and the standard is selected; [ tau ] to]The test is conducted on the steel material of the buffer spring (1) and the test is determined according to the standard.
5. The design method of the flexible composite buffer for the slope flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the pitch diameter D of the buffer spring (1) is calculated by the following formula:
D＝Cd。
6. the design method of the flexible composite buffer for the side slope flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the number of turns n of the buffer spring (1) is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003581567970000024
in the formula: g is the shear modulus of steel used for the buffer spring (1), and s is the maximum elastic deformation amount generated by the stress of the buffer spring (1).
7. A design method of a flexible composite buffer for a slope flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the pitch t of the buffer spring (1) is determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003581567970000031
in the formula: delta1For clearance, take delta1＝0.1d。
8. A design method of a flexible composite buffer for side slope flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the free height H of the buffer spring (1)0Is determined by the following formula:
H0＝nt+1.5d。
9. a design method of a flexible composite bumper for a slop flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the length l of the starting rope (8) is determined by the following formula:
l＝l0+s+t0+2t1+nδ1
in the formula: l0Is the initial distance, t, of the sliding plate from the anchor pulling plate0Is the thickness of the sliding plate, t1The anchoring length of the starting rope (8) is selected according to the construction requirement.
10. The method for designing a flexible composite bumper for a slope flexible protection system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the height h of the supporting steel pipe is determined by the following formula:
h＝H0+l0+t0。
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