CN113248103A - Preparation method and device of organic material for desert control - Google Patents
Preparation method and device of organic material for desert control Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248103A CN113248103A CN202110722417.9A CN202110722417A CN113248103A CN 113248103 A CN113248103 A CN 113248103A CN 202110722417 A CN202110722417 A CN 202110722417A CN 113248103 A CN113248103 A CN 113248103A
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and a device of an organic material for desert control, belonging to the technical field of river and lake sludge resource utilization, and comprising the following steps: dehydrating sludge; sludge sedimentation and flocculation and material performance improvement; performing innocent treatment on supernatant liquid, dehydrating sludge and performing innocent treatment; mixing the sludge and the straws; pressing sludge into a sludge cake; and (5) high-temperature press forming and maintaining. The device comprises a mechanical grating, a sludge coagulation tank, a chemical box, a mechanical filter press, a curing chamber, a control chamber, a power generation chamber and a detection chamber; the silt of silt hank suction pump at the bottom of the river lake extracts and gets into mechanical grid, and the filterable silt of mechanical grid passes through the pipeline and is pumped to the silt apotheca by the sewage suction pump, connects silt coagulating basin behind the silt apotheca, and the silt of following silt coagulating basin exhaust gets into the material and mixes pond and straw mixture, and the material in material mixing basin gets into mechanical pressure filter and presses into the mud cake, connects material compression equipment behind the mechanical pressure filter and presses into cubic material with the mud cake, and cubic material transports the curing chamber afterwards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river and lake sludge resource utilization, in particular to a preparation method and a device of an organic material for desert control.
Background
In China, a plurality of rivers and lakes exist, the rivers and lakes are polluted to different degrees due to human activities such as industrial and agricultural production in a plurality of areas with developed economy and dense population, particularly in southern areas, and the serious eutrophication of bottom sediment is caused by the settlement and enrichment of a large amount of nutritional pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like in the bottom sediment. When the external environment changes and the water body is disturbed, the nutritive pollutants accumulated in the bottom sediment are released into the water environment again to become a permanent endogenous pollution source, and the water body eutrophication is aggravated. The river and lake bottom mud is used as an important component of river and lake ecology, and the river and lake bottom mud is well treated, and the control of the pollution of the river and lake internal sources becomes a prerequisite means for the comprehensive treatment of the river and lake. The focus of China on river and lake pollution treatment is mainly on the treatment and improvement of water quality, and the phenomenon of heavy water and light mud exists for a long time. In recent years, people gradually realize the importance of river and lake pollution, and realize the dynamic balance of an ecological chain by the bottom mud treatment and subsequent resource utilization. In order to effectively treat the ecological environment of river and lake basin water, maintain the stability of an ecological system, and how to effectively absorb sludge, achieve the effects of dredging a river channel, enhancing flood discharge and storage capacity, reducing pollution and protecting the environment, and improve the resource utilization level of the sludge, the method is a trend for realizing the future development of comprehensive treatment of river sludge pollution.
The river and lake sediment has obvious dredging effect by adopting environment-friendly dredging, but the dredged sediment has high water content and often contains a large amount of toxic and harmful pollution and organic pollutants, and if the sediment is directly stacked and disposed without treatment, the environment is easily affected, and the resource utilization of the sediment can also be affected. The dredged sediment is subjected to harmless treatment and then is recycled, so that the environment can be protected, and resources can be fully utilized. In China, the time for harmless treatment of sludge and implementation of building materials is not long, and the resource utilization mode is still in the exploration and starting stage.
In the prior art, sludge is naturally air-dried, heated, centrifuged, extruded, pumped, dehydrated and cured by adding drugs, but the dehydration efficiency is low, the period is long, the treatment cost is high, the occupied area of a treatment system is large, the pollution in the treatment process is serious, and the resource degree after treatment is low.
Therefore, the river and lake sludge resource utilization method and the matched systematized and integrated equipment are provided, sludge after harmless treatment is subjected to a series of treatments, and is made into a compressed block-shaped cuboid material by utilizing a purposefully designed compression device so as to be transported to a required place for vegetation recovery, soil improvement and the like, and the sludge resource utilization maximization is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a preparation method and a device of an organic material for desert control, which combines harmlessness and good recycling of sludge, realizes reduction, mixes the sludge with straws with adsorption and large porosity, and then prepares the mixture into a compressed blocky cuboid material through treatment and dehydration. By adding plant seeds suitable for local growth, such as sabina vulgaris, juniper chinensis, pyracantha fortuneana and other plant seeds suitable for northern water-deficient areas, and keeping the activity of the plant seeds in the blocky cuboid, the method is used for vegetation recovery, soil improvement and soil fertility improvement in northern desertification severe areas or areas needing soil improvement. The source treatment and resource utilization of pollutants in the sludge are realized, and the economic value and the environmental protection significance of the sludge are really realized.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of an organic material for desert control comprises the following steps:
A. sludge dewatering: pumping sludge at the bottom of a river or lake by using a sludge suction pump, screening and removing large garbage and large granular substances by using a mechanical grid, and conveying the large garbage and the large granular substances to a waste material pool by using a belt;
B. sludge precipitation and flocculation and material performance improvement: pumping the sludge to a sludge storage tank through a sewage suction pump through a pipeline, storing and naturally precipitating, then feeding the sludge into a sludge coagulation tank, adding polyaluminium chloride, polyacrylamide and a natural or synthetic soil conditioner through a chemical box, stirring the sludge to promote flocculation precipitation and improvement of physical properties, and realizing preliminary dehydration and fertilizer preservation of the sludge;
C. performing innocent treatment on supernatant liquid and dehydrating and harmlessly treating sludge: discharging supernatant in the sludge coagulation tank to an independently arranged sewage treatment tank system for treatment, and simultaneously assisting a curing agent to further dehydrate and harmlessly treat sludge in the sludge coagulation tank, wherein the curing agent comprises polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM), the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is 0.8-1.2 per mill, namely 0.8-1.2kg of the sludge per ton, the Polyacrylamide (PAM) is 1/50 of the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride (PAC), stirring measures are required to be assisted during dosing to avoid solidification, and the rotating speed of a stirrer is 60-200 revolutions per minute;
D. mixing sludge and straws: slurry discharged from the sludge coagulation tank enters a material mixing tank, river and lake sludge and crushed reed straws or rice straw are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:2 to adsorb harmful substances and water in the sludge, and the length of the reed straws or the rice straw is 5-10 mm;
E. pressing sludge into a sludge cake: the sludge discharged from the material mixing pool enters a mechanical filter press, the water content of the sludge is further reduced through the mechanical filter press, and the sludge is pressed into a sludge cake;
F. pressing and maintaining: the mud cake pressed by the mechanical filter pressing equipment is conveyed to material compression equipment, is pressed into a compressed block cuboid by the material compression equipment through a die, and is finally conveyed to a curing room through a belt for storage and curing.
Further, the sludge in the step B is dehydrated until the water content is reduced to below 80%; dewatering the sludge in the step E until the water content is reduced to below 55%, and pressing the sludge mixture into a sludge cake; and F, reducing the water content of the mixture of the sludge and the straws to be within 25% in the compression process, and finally conveying the mixture to a curing room through a belt.
In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation device of the organic material for desert control, which comprises a mechanical grating, a sludge coagulation tank, a chemical box, a mechanical filter press, a curing room, a control room, a power generation room and a detection room, the method is characterized in that the front end of the mechanical grid is connected with a sludge wringing and sucking pump, the sludge wringing and sucking pump pumps sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake into the mechanical grid, impurities intercepted by the mechanical grid are conveyed to a waste material tank through a belt, the sludge filtered by the mechanical grid is pumped to a sludge storage tank through a sewage suction pump through a pipeline, the rear of the sludge storage tank is connected with a sludge coagulation tank, the sludge coagulation tank is connected with a chemical box, the sludge discharged from the sludge coagulation tank enters a material mixing tank to be mixed with straws, the material in the material mixing tank enters a mechanical filter press through a pipeline to be pressed into mud cakes, the rear of the mechanical filter press is connected with material compression equipment to press the mud cakes into block materials, and the block materials are then conveyed to a curing room; the control room monitors and controls each device, the power generation room provides electric energy for each device, and the independently arranged detection room can detect sludge in each stage.
Further, material compression equipment includes the mud cake conveyer belt, the mud cake conveyer belt with mechanical filter press meets, connects mould pressing subassembly behind the mud cake conveyer belt, mould pressing subassembly is provided with the pressure stub bar of liftable including the pressure material mould that the activity set up above the pressure material mould, presses material mould below to be provided with weeping and collects the mechanism, connects behind the pressure material mould to change the material conveyer belt, presses the material mould and changes to be provided with between the material conveyer belt and block, change and connect the maintenance room behind the material conveyer belt.
Further, the mud cake conveyer belt is connected on the support at workshop top through first mounting panel, the surperficial both sides of mud cake conveyer belt all are provided with first baffle, are provided with a plurality of adjustable position's baffle between the first baffle of both sides, and the baffle both sides are passed through the locating part and are installed on first baffle, form the separation groove between each baffle.
Furthermore, the top of the clapboard is of a conical structure; the top of the first baffle is provided with baffle groups at intervals, each baffle group comprises a plurality of baffle blocks which are arranged in an array manner, and the outer side surfaces of the baffle blocks are provided with screw holes; the limiting parts on two sides of the partition board are of inverted U-shaped frame structures, the limiting parts are sleeved on the stop blocks, screw holes are formed in one sides of the limiting parts, the screw holes of the limiting parts correspond to the screw holes of the stop blocks, and the limiting parts are fixedly connected with the stop blocks through the cooperation of butterfly bolts and the screw holes of the butterfly bolts.
Furthermore, the material pressing head is of a plate-shaped structure, the top of the material pressing head is connected to a piston rod of a material pressing cylinder, and the top of the material pressing cylinder is connected to a support at the top of the workshop through a second mounting plate; the inner wall of the pressing die is provided with an electric heating tube, the pressing die is of a cubic structure with an opening at the top, the top end face of the pressing die is provided with a circle of diversion trenches, and the front side wall and the rear side wall of the pressing die are provided with liquid outlet trenches communicated with the diversion trenches; the leaked liquid collecting mechanism comprises a collecting box, the material pressing die is arranged on a supporting table in the collecting box, the supporting table is of a ladder-shaped structure, the collecting tank in the collecting box surrounds the supporting table, a liquid outlet is formed in one side wall of the collecting box, the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid outlet pipe, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe; the blocking piece is of a plate-shaped structure, the top of the blocking piece is subjected to round angle treatment, the blocking piece is positioned between the collecting box and the material transferring conveying belt, and second baffles are arranged on two sides of the surface of the material transferring conveying belt.
Further, bearings are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the material pressing mold, and connecting columns are connected to the bearings; but press material mould left and right sides all to be provided with parallel movement's fixture, fixture drives through tubular linear electric motor's active cell and removes, and fixture cooperation spliced pole will press the material mould to carry out the centre gripping.
Furthermore, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping piece, the clamping piece is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top, and the clamping piece can be sleeved with the connecting column; the clamping piece is connected with a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder through a spring, and the telescopic cylinder is connected with a rotor of the tubular linear motor.
Further, the side wall of the connecting column is provided with a strip-shaped groove in an annular array, and the side wall of the connecting column is provided with a spring buckle; annular array is provided with the sand grip on the holder inner wall of tubular structure, and the sand grip can cooperate with the bar groove of spliced pole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can synchronously realize dehydration reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the river and lake sludge. The silt of drawing up from river lake, the compression coefficient of silt is great, and the compression coefficient reduces speed also great along with consolidation pressure's increase, and the silt moisture content is higher, and is most above 90%, and nutrient element content such as nitrogen phosphorus is higher in the silt, contains poisonous and harmful pollutant simultaneously. Therefore, the first step of sludge treatment is dewatering, namely sludge is subjected to flocculation precipitation by using a mud-water separation technology and a filter pressing dewatering technology and by using polyaluminium chloride (PAC), Polyacrylamide (PAM) and the like to realize preliminary dewatering, and the water content is controlled to be below 80%; meanwhile, the sludge is further dehydrated and subjected to harmless treatment by assisting a curing agent, so that pollutants exceeding the standard are treated, and the harmless treatment of the sludge is realized; then, crushing reed straws or rice straws into 5-10mm materials, uniformly mixing the materials with sludge subjected to preliminary dehydration and harmless treatment according to the proportion of 1:2, further adsorbing harmful substances and water in the sludge, then dehydrating by mechanical filter pressing, further reducing the water content of the sludge, reducing the water content of the sludge to be below 55% in the step, and in order to facilitate subsequent transportation and molding, continuously adopting a drying mode to reduce the water content of the mixture of the sludge and the straws to be within 25%, and finally pressing the mixture into a blocky cuboid by using a mold, and transporting the blocky cuboid to a northern water-deficient area for vegetation recovery and soil improvement to realize resource utilization.
2. The invention adopts sludge, reed straws or rice straws as raw materials of the compressed blocky cuboid, firstly, river and lake sludge in China is used as an endogenous pollution source of water environment pollution, and the harmless treatment of the sludge is urgent; secondly, the reed is used as a plant flooded in southern areas of China, particularly in Dongting lake areas, and is fully utilized to realize the maximization of economic and environmental benefits in order to prevent the reduction of lake areas and the eutrophication of water bodies caused by the massive flooding; thirdly, the sludge and the straws are combined to synchronously realize the reduction, the harmlessness and the reclamation of the two raw materials and improve the ecological environment.
3. The invention relates to a method for preparing massive cuboid, which comprises mixing river and lake silt with reed straw or rice straw, wherein the straw is used for adsorbing harmful substances in silt, increasing the deformability of silt, increasing the compression coefficient, and adding plant seeds suitable for growth, such as sabina vulgaris, juniper chinensis, and pyracantha fortuneana, in northern water-deficient areas, transporting and paving the massive cuboid in severe desertification areas and areas with soil improvement requirements, and watering to make the massive cuboid absorb water and expand, so that the water content can be increased to more than 80%, and the massive cuboid is used for land vegetation recovery, soil improvement and desert control.
The method is suitable for harmlessness, resource utilization and reduction of river and lake silt, particularly can relieve the growth pressure of reed straws and silt pollution in lake areas and can realize resource utilization by manufacturing into blocky cuboids in Dongting lake areas in south China, and the process has no possibility of secondary pollution and wide application range.
4. The key compression process of the invention adopts the material compression device with the pertinence design, and in the process of transferring the mud cakes by the mud cake conveying belt, as the baffle plates with the adjustable positions are arranged on the mud cake conveying belt, the separation grooves for containing materials are formed among the baffle plates, and the top of the baffle plate is of a tapered structure, when the mud cakes are continuously discharged and fall onto the mud cake conveying belt, the mud cakes can be divided by the baffle plates and fall into the separation grooves, and then the mud cakes can be conveyed in blocks. The mud cake of piecemeal falls into in proper order and is pressed into cubic compressed material in the pressure material mould, presses the material mould to carry out parallel translation by the fixture centre gripping afterwards, removes in-process pressure material mould lower part and touches and block the piece, makes the pressure material mould overturn and pours cubic material and expect to change the material conveyer belt on, can transport to the maintenance room and carry out the maintenance thereupon, and whole pressing process can go on fast in succession, need not the manual work and carries operations such as the ejection of compact, is favorable to guaranteeing the high efficiency of course of working.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the equipment layout of the sludge treatment system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the material compressing apparatus and the curing chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the material compressing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mud cake conveyor belt and the connecting column part of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic position diagram of the swaging die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the swaging die of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the holder of the present invention.
The text labels in the figures are represented as: 1. A sludge suction pump; 2. a mechanical grid; 3. a belt; 4. a pipeline; 5. a sludge storage tank; 6. a sludge coagulation tank; 7. a kit; 8. a material mixing tank; 9. a mechanical filter press; 10. a material compression device; 11. a curing room; 12. a control room; 13. a power generation chamber; 14. a detection chamber; 15. a temporary storage pool; 16. a mud cake conveyor belt; 17. a first baffle plate; 18. a stopper; 19. a limiting member; 20. a butterfly bolt; 21. a partition plate; 22. separating the grooves; 23. a first mounting plate; 24. a second mounting plate; 25. a material pressing cylinder; 26. pressing the material head; 27. pressing a mould; 28. a collection box; 29. a clamping mechanism; 30. a tubular linear motor; 31. a mover; 32. a stator; 33. a blocking member; 34. a second baffle; 35. a material transferring conveying belt; 36. a sealing door; 37. a bearing; 38. connecting columns; 39. a strip-shaped groove; 40. a spring buckle; 41. a diversion trench; 42. a liquid outlet groove; 43. a support table; 44. a clamping member; 45. a spring; 46. a telescopic cylinder; 47. collecting tank; 48. a liquid outlet pipe; 49. a liquid outlet; 50. and (4) raised strips.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
A preparation method of an organic material for desert control comprises the following steps:
A. sludge dewatering: pumping sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake by using a sludge suction pump 1, screening and removing large garbage and large granular substances through a mechanical grid 2, and conveying the large garbage and the large granular substances into a waste material pool through a belt 3;
B. sludge precipitation and flocculation and material performance improvement: pumping the sludge to a sludge storage tank 5 through a sewage suction pump through a pipeline 4, storing and naturally precipitating, then feeding the sludge into a sludge coagulation tank 6, adding polyaluminum chloride PAC, polyacrylamide PAM and a natural or synthetic soil conditioner through a chemical box 7, stirring the sludge to promote flocculation precipitation and improvement of physical properties, and realizing preliminary dehydration and fertilizer conservation of the sludge;
C. performing innocent treatment on supernatant liquid and dehydrating and harmlessly treating sludge: discharging the supernatant in the sludge coagulation tank 6 to an independently arranged sewage treatment tank system for treatment, and simultaneously assisting a curing agent to further dehydrate and harmlessly treat the sludge in the sludge coagulation tank 6, wherein the curing agent comprises polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM), the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is 0.8-1.2 per mill, namely 0.8-1.2kg per ton of sludge, the Polyacrylamide (PAM) is 1/50 of the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride (PAC), the polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is uniformly and slowly added during dosing, and a stirring measure is assisted to avoid solidification, and the rotating speed of a stirrer is 60-200 r/min;
D. mixing sludge and straws: slurry discharged from the sludge coagulation tank 6 enters a material mixing tank 8, river and lake sludge and crushed reed straws or rice straw are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:2 to adsorb harmful substances and water in the sludge, and the length of the reed straws or the rice straw is 5-10 mm;
E. pressing sludge into a sludge cake: the sludge discharged from the material mixing pool 8 enters a mechanical filter press 9, the water content of the sludge is further reduced through the mechanical filter press 9, and the sludge is pressed into a sludge cake;
F. pressing and maintaining: the mud cake pressed by the mechanical filter press 9 is conveyed to a material compression device 10, pressed into a compressed block cuboid by the material compression device 10 through a mold, and finally conveyed to a curing room 11 through a belt 3 for preservation and curing.
Preferably, the sludge in the step B is dehydrated until the water content is reduced to below 80%; dewatering the sludge in the step E until the water content is reduced to below 55%, and pressing the sludge mixture into a sludge cake; and F, reducing the water content of the mixture of the sludge and the straws to be within 25% in the compression process, and finally conveying the mixture to a curing room 11 through a belt 3.
In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation device of organic materials for desert control, which comprises a mechanical grid 2, a sludge coagulation tank 6, a chemical box 7, a mechanical filter press 9, a curing chamber 11, a control chamber 12, a power generation chamber 13 and a detection chamber 14, and is characterized in that the front end of the mechanical grid 2 is connected with a sludge wringing and sucking pump 1, the sludge wringing and sucking pump 1 pumps sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake into the mechanical grid 2, impurities intercepted by the mechanical grid 2 are transported to a waste material tank through a belt 3, the sludge filtered by the mechanical grid 2 is pumped to a sludge storage tank 5 through a pipeline 4, the sludge storage tank 5 is connected with the sludge coagulation tank 6, the sludge coagulation tank 6 is connected with the chemical box 7, the sludge discharged from the sludge coagulation tank 6 enters a material mixing tank 8 to be mixed with straws, the material in the material mixing tank 8 enters the mechanical filter press 9 through the pipeline 4 to be pressed into sludge cakes, the mechanical filter press 9 is connected with a material compression device 10 to be pressed into blocky materials, the block material is then transported to a curing chamber 11; the control room 12 monitors and controls each device, the power generation room 13 supplies power to each device, and the detection room 14 provided independently can detect sludge at each stage.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the material compression device 10 includes a cake conveyor belt 16, the cake conveyor belt 16 is connected to the mechanical filter press 9, the back of the cake conveyor belt 16 is connected to a mold pressing assembly, the mold pressing assembly includes a movably arranged pressing mold 27, a liftable pressing head 26 is arranged above the pressing mold 27, a leakage collecting mechanism is arranged below the pressing mold 27, the back of the pressing mold 27 is connected to a material transferring conveyor belt 35, a blocking member 33 is arranged between the pressing mold 27 and the material transferring conveyor belt 35, and the back of the material transferring conveyor belt 35 is connected to the curing chamber 11. The height of the top end of the blocking member 33 is not higher than the horizontal height of the middle position of the pressing mold 27, so that the pressing mold 27 is blocked to turn over the pressing mold 27 in the following.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the cake conveyor 16 is connected to a support at the top of the workshop through a first mounting plate 23, first baffles 17 are arranged on both sides of the surface of the cake conveyor 16, a plurality of position-adjustable partition plates 21 are arranged between the first baffles 17 on both sides, both sides of each partition plate 21 are mounted on the first baffles 17 through a limiting member 19, and a separation groove 22 is formed between each partition plate 21. The top of the clapboard 21 is of a conical structure; the top of the first baffle 17 is provided with baffle groups at intervals, each baffle group comprises a plurality of baffle blocks 18 which are arranged in an array manner, and the outer side surfaces of the baffle blocks 18 are provided with screw holes; the limiting members 19 on both sides of the partition 21 are of an inverted U-shaped frame structure, the limiting members 19 are sleeved on the stopper 18, and one side of the limiting members 19 is provided with screw holes, the screw holes of the limiting members 19 correspond to the screw holes of the stopper 18, and the limiting members 19 and the stopper 18 are fixedly connected by the butterfly bolts 20 matching with the screw holes of the butterfly bolts and the screw holes of the butterfly bolts.
The position of the partition plate 21 is adjusted to adjust the size of the partition groove 22, so that the mud blocks are separated to form blocky materials with different sizes, the production of blocky compressed materials with different sizes can be met, and the blocky compressed materials can be matched with different replaced material pressing molds 27. Wherein, the adjustment and the fixation of the clapboard 21 can be realized only by manually unscrewing the butterfly bolt 20, and the operation is very simple, convenient and quick.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 5, 6 and 7, the material pressing head 26 is of a plate-shaped structure, and the top of the material pressing head is connected to a piston rod of the material pressing cylinder 25, and the top of the material pressing cylinder 25 is connected to a bracket at the top of the workshop through the second mounting plate 24; an electric heating tube is arranged on the inner wall of the pressing die 27, the pressing die 27 is of a cubic structure with an opening at the top, a circle of flow guide grooves 41 are formed in the end face of the top of the pressing die 27, and liquid outlet grooves 42 communicated with the flow guide grooves 41 are formed in the front side wall and the rear side wall of the pressing die 27; the leaked liquid collecting mechanism comprises a collecting box 28, the swaging die 27 is arranged on a supporting platform 43 in the collecting box 28, the supporting platform 43 is in a ladder-shaped structure, a collecting groove 47 in the collecting box 28 surrounds the supporting platform 43, a liquid outlet 49 is formed in one side wall of the collecting box 28, the liquid outlet 49 is connected with a liquid outlet pipe 48, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 48; the blocking piece 33 is of a plate-shaped structure, the top of the blocking piece is subjected to round angle processing, the blocking piece 33 is positioned between the collecting box 28 and the material transferring conveying belt 35, and second blocking plates 34 are arranged on two sides of the surface of the material transferring conveying belt 35.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, bearings 37 are arranged on the left and right side walls of the swaging mold 27, and a connecting column 38 is connected to the bearings 37; clamping mechanisms 29 capable of moving in parallel are arranged on the left side and the right side of the material pressing mold 27, the clamping mechanisms 29 are driven by a rotor 31 of the tubular linear motor 30 to move, and the clamping mechanisms 29 are matched with connecting columns 38 to clamp the material pressing mold 27. The clamping mechanism 29 comprises a clamping piece 44, the clamping piece 44 is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and the clamping piece 44 can be sleeved with the connecting column 38; the clamping member 44 is connected to a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder 46 through a spring 45, and the telescopic cylinder 46 is connected to the mover 31 of the tubular linear motor 30. A strip-shaped groove 39 is formed in the side wall of the connecting column 38 in an annular array, and a spring buckle 40 is arranged on the side wall of the connecting column 38; the inner wall of the clamping piece 44 with the cylindrical structure is provided with raised strips 50 in an annular array, and the raised strips 50 can be matched with the strip-shaped grooves 39 of the connecting column 38.
The pressing mold 27 is independently installed and supported by the supporting table 43, and the pressing mold 27 and the corresponding pressing head 26 of different sizes can be replaced at any time. After the clamping piece 44 is matched with the connecting column 38, the pressing mold 27 can be driven to translate by the tubular linear motor 30; the connecting column 38 is connected with the pressing mold 27 through the bearing 37, so that the pressing mold 27 can turn over by taking the central line of the bearing 37 as the axis when touching the blocking piece 33 in the translation process, the discharging of the block-shaped compressed materials is realized, and the discharging operation is not required to be carried out through manual handling.
In conclusion, aiming at a plurality of defect points in the prior art, such as low dehydration efficiency, long period, low resource degree after treatment and the like, the invention carries out a plurality of beneficial improvements: the invention can synchronously realize dehydration reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the river and lake sludge, and has low energy consumption and low treatment cost; the sludge is dehydrated and harmlessly treated by using a curing agent, so that the compression of a blocky cuboid which takes the sludge as a main raw material and the water absorption expansion in the subsequent resource utilization are realized, and meanwhile, plant seeds suitable for local growth, such as sabina vulgaris, juniper chinensis, pyracantha fortuneana and other plant seeds suitable for northern water-deficient areas are added into the blocky cuboid, so that the soil property and the fertility can be improved; river and lake sludge, reed straws and straw straws which are difficult to treat are mixed to manufacture a blocky cuboid, and the deformation capacity of the blocky cuboid can be improved while harmful substances in the sludge are further adsorbed by the straws; the method can be used for treating and disposing river and lake sludge in all areas, has no secondary pollution, is more beneficial to environmental protection, is suitable for popularization and application, and has better economic benefit and environmental benefit.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the organic material for desert control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. sludge dewatering: pumping sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake by using a sludge suction pump (1), screening and removing large garbage and large granular substances by using a mechanical grid (2), and conveying the large garbage and the large granular substances into a waste material pool by using a belt (3);
B. sludge precipitation and flocculation and material performance improvement: pumping the sludge to a sludge storage tank (5) through a sewage suction pump through a pipeline (4), storing and naturally precipitating, then feeding the sludge into a sludge coagulation tank (6), adding polyaluminum chloride PAC, polyacrylamide PAM and a natural or synthetic soil conditioner through a chemical box (7), stirring the sludge to promote flocculation precipitation and improvement of physical properties, and realizing preliminary dehydration and fertilizer conservation of the sludge;
C. performing innocent treatment on supernatant liquid and dehydrating and harmlessly treating sludge: discharging the supernatant in the sludge coagulation tank (6) to an independently arranged sewage treatment tank system for treatment, simultaneously assisting a curing agent to further dehydrate and harmlessly treat the sludge in the sludge coagulation tank (6), assisting a stirring measure during dosing to avoid solidification, and enabling the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 60-200 revolutions per minute;
D. mixing sludge and straws: slurry discharged from the sludge coagulation tank (6) enters a material mixing tank (8), river and lake sludge and crushed reed straws or rice straw are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:2 to adsorb harmful substances and water in the sludge, and the length of the reed straws or the rice straw is 5-10 mm;
E. pressing sludge into a sludge cake: the sludge discharged from the material mixing pool (8) enters a mechanical filter press (9), the water content of the sludge is further reduced through the mechanical filter press (9), and the sludge is pressed into a sludge cake;
F. pressing and maintaining: the mud cakes pressed by the mechanical filter press (9) are conveyed to a material compression device (10), pressed into compressed blocky cuboids by the material compression device (10) through a mold, and finally conveyed to a curing room (11) through a belt (3) for preservation and curing.
2. The method for preparing organic materials for desert control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sludge in step B is dewatered to water content below 80%; dewatering the sludge in the step E until the water content is reduced to below 55%, and pressing the sludge mixture into a sludge cake; in the step F, the water content of the mixture of the sludge and the straws is reduced to be within 25% in the compression process, and finally the mixture is conveyed to a curing room (11) through a belt (3); the curing agent in the step C comprises polyaluminium chloride PAC and polyacrylamide PAM, the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride PAC is 0.8-1.2 per mill, namely the dosage of each ton of sludge is 0.8-1.2kg, and the polyacrylamide PAM is 1/50 of the dosage of the polyaluminium chloride PAC.
3. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which comprises a mechanical grid (2), a sludge coagulation tank (6), a chemical tank (7), a mechanical filter press (9), a curing room (11), a control room (12), a power generation room (13) and a detection room (14), wherein the front end of the mechanical grid (2) is connected with a sludge suction pump (1), the sludge suction pump (1) pumps the sludge at the bottom of the river and lake into the mechanical grid (2), the impurities intercepted by the mechanical grid (2) are transported to the waste tank through a belt (3), the sludge filtered by the mechanical grid (2) is pumped to a sludge storage tank (5) through a pipeline (4), the sludge storage tank (5) is connected with the sludge coagulation tank (6), and the sludge coagulation tank (6) is connected with the chemical tank (7), sludge discharged from the sludge coagulation tank (6) enters a material mixing tank (8) to be mixed with straws, the material in the material mixing tank (8) enters a mechanical filter press (9) through a pipeline (4) to be pressed into mud cakes, the mechanical filter press (9) is connected with material compression equipment (10) to press the mud cakes into block-shaped materials, and the block-shaped materials are transported to a curing chamber (11); the control chamber (12) is used for monitoring and controlling each device, the power generation chamber (13) is used for providing power for each device, and the detection chamber (14) which is arranged independently can be used for detecting sludge at each stage.
4. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control according to claim 3, wherein the material compression equipment (10) comprises a mud cake conveyor belt (16), the mud cake conveyor belt (16) is connected with the mechanical filter press (9), a mould pressing assembly is connected behind the mud cake conveyor belt (16), the mould pressing assembly comprises a movably arranged pressing mould (27), a liftable pressing head (26) is arranged above the pressing mould (27), a leaked liquid collecting mechanism is arranged below the pressing mould (27), a material transferring conveyor belt (35) is connected behind the pressing mould (27), a blocking member (33) is arranged between the pressing mould (27) and the material transferring conveyor belt (35), and a curing chamber (11) is connected behind the material transferring conveyor belt (35).
5. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mud cake conveyer belt (16) is connected to the support at the top of the workshop through a first mounting plate (23), the first baffle plates (17) are arranged on both sides of the surface of the mud cake conveyer belt (16), a plurality of position-adjustable partition plates (21) are arranged between the first baffle plates (17) on both sides, both sides of the partition plates (21) are mounted on the first baffle plates (17) through limiting members (19), and partition grooves (22) are formed between the partition plates (21).
6. The preparation device for the preparation method of organic materials for desert control as claimed in claim 5, wherein the top of the partition plate (21) is a cone-shaped structure; the top of the first baffle (17) is provided with baffle groups at intervals, each baffle group comprises a plurality of baffle blocks (18) which are arranged in an arrayed manner, and the outer side surfaces of the baffle blocks (18) are provided with screw holes; the limiting parts (19) on two sides of the partition plate (21) are of an inverted U-shaped frame structure, the limiting parts (19) are sleeved on the stop blocks (18), screw holes are formed in one sides of the limiting parts (19), the screw holes of the limiting parts (19) correspond to the screw holes of the stop blocks (18), and the limiting parts (19) are fixedly connected with the stop blocks (18) through the cooperation of butterfly bolts (20) and the screw holes of the butterfly bolts.
7. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control as claimed in claim 4, wherein the material pressing head (26) is a plate-shaped structure and the top of the material pressing head is connected to the piston rod of the material pressing cylinder (25), and the top of the material pressing cylinder (25) is connected to the bracket on the top of the workshop through the second mounting plate (24); an electric heating tube is arranged on the inner wall of the pressing die (27), the pressing die (27) is of a cubic structure with an opening at the top, a circle of flow guide grooves (41) are formed in the top end face of the pressing die (27), and liquid outlet grooves (42) communicated with the flow guide grooves (41) are formed in the front side wall and the rear side wall of the pressing die (27); the leaked liquid collecting mechanism comprises a collecting box (28), the pressing die (27) is arranged on a supporting platform (43) in the collecting box (28), the supporting platform (43) is of a ladder-shaped structure, a collecting tank (47) in the collecting box (28) surrounds the supporting platform (43), a liquid outlet (49) is formed in one side wall of the collecting box (28), the liquid outlet (49) is connected with a liquid outlet pipe (48), and a liquid outlet valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe (48); the blocking piece (33) is of a plate-shaped structure, the top of the blocking piece is subjected to round angle treatment, the blocking piece (33) is located between the collecting box (28) and the material transferring conveying belt (35), and second blocking plates (34) are arranged on two sides of the surface of the material transferring conveying belt (35).
8. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control as claimed in claim 7, wherein bearings (37) are arranged on the left and right side walls of the pressing mold (27), and connecting columns (38) are connected to the bearings (37); clamping mechanisms (29) capable of moving in parallel are arranged on the left side and the right side of the pressing mold (27), the clamping mechanisms (29) are driven by a rotor (31) of a tubular linear motor (30) to move, and the clamping mechanisms (29) are matched with connecting columns (38) to clamp the pressing mold (27).
9. The preparation device for the preparation method of organic materials for desert control as claimed in claim 8, wherein the clamping mechanism (29) comprises a clamping member (44), the clamping member (44) is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and the clamping member (44) can be sleeved with the connecting column (38); the clamping piece (44) is connected with a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder (46) through a spring (45), and the telescopic cylinder (46) is connected with a rotor (31) of the tubular linear motor (30).
10. The preparation device for the preparation method of the organic material for desert control as claimed in claim 9, wherein the side wall of the connecting column (38) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (39) in an annular array, and the side wall of the connecting column (38) is provided with a spring buckle (40); annular array is provided with sand grip (50) on holder (44) inner wall of tubular structure, and sand grip (50) can cooperate with bar groove (39) of spliced pole (38).
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| CN114315091A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | 河海大学 | Sludge soil chemical dehydration process and treatment system |
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