CN113245485A - Metal ring rolling process - Google Patents
Metal ring rolling process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113245485A CN113245485A CN202110701155.8A CN202110701155A CN113245485A CN 113245485 A CN113245485 A CN 113245485A CN 202110701155 A CN202110701155 A CN 202110701155A CN 113245485 A CN113245485 A CN 113245485A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- rolling
- blank
- heating
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
- B21B38/006—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
- B21B38/04—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal ring rolling process, which comprises the following steps: raw material detection, blanking and weighing, heating and heat preservation, cogging, blank making, reheating, ring rolling, heat treatment, bulging correction, machining and inspection; in the ring rolling stage, the feeding speed is fed according to a designed feeding curve, the diameter growing speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, the growing speed of the metal ring piece is stable, and the quality problems of coarse crystals, mixed crystals and the like are not easy to occur to the metal ring piece by reasonably controlling the rolling temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rolling of metal ring pieces, in particular to a rolling process of a metal ring piece.
Background
The ring rolling is a plastic processing technology which utilizes ring rolling equipment (such as a ring rolling machine) to enable an annular blank to generate wall thickness reduction, diameter expansion and section profile forming. The ring rolling machine has wide working objects, can be rings made of different materials such as carbon steel, light alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and can realize cold ring rolling at normal temperature and hot ring rolling at high temperature according to the deformation temperatures of different rings. The method is an irreplaceable advanced metal forming technology for producing seamless rings with different diameters, cross-sectional shapes, different materials and the like.
According to different processing modes of the ring piece, ring piece rolling can be divided into radial ring piece rolling and radial axial ring piece rolling, the ring piece radial axial rolling utilizes rolling equipment and radial and axial rolling pass, and continuous rotary plastic deformation is generated on the ring piece through continuous local loading, so that the wall thickness and the height are reduced, the diameter is enlarged, and the section profile shape is formed, as shown in figure 1. Compared with the traditional free forging, casting and welding manufacturing process of large ring pieces with the diameter of more than 1 meter, the radial and axial rolling of the ring pieces can obtain the precise seamless forged structure ring piece with low energy consumption and high efficiency, is an internationally recognized advanced forming process of the large ring pieces, and is widely applied to the production and manufacturing of the large ring pieces in the fields of machinery, energy, ships, aerospace and the like.
Ring rolling is an advanced continuous local plastic forming technique for manufacturing seamless annular parts. The process is a highly nonlinear problem integrating the characteristics of three-dimensional continuous gradual change, asymmetry, unsteadiness, macro-micro coupling, thermal coupling and the like. In the process, the material can undergo complex, multi-pass local loading and unloading, uneven plastic deformation and microstructure evolution process under the multi-field and multi-factor coupling action. The existing rolling process of the metal ring piece is easy to have the problems of coarse crystals, mixed crystals and the like, and cannot be eliminated through heat treatment after forging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal ring rolling process to solve the problems that coarse grains and mixed grains are easy to appear in the existing metal ring rolling process and cannot be eliminated through heat treatment after forging.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a metal ring rolling process comprises the following steps:
step S1 raw material detection: the bar is analyzed and checked, and the raw material has no following defects: overheated tissue, slag inclusion and white spots;
step S2 blanking and weighing: the weight of the baiting is 103-106% of the weight of the formed product;
step S3 heating and holding: putting the blanked bar stock into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is between 1040 and 1060 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is between 8 and 12 ℃/s; after heating, heat preservation is carried out, and the heat preservation time is between 0.5min/mm wall thickness and 0.7min/mm wall thickness;
step S4 cogging: upsetting and drawing the bar after heating and heat preservation, refining the internal structure of the bar, and eliminating the defects of looseness, cracks and holes in the bar;
step S5 blank making: upsetting, punching blind holes, punching connecting sheets, flattening end faces, pre-rolling and extruding on a press machine by means of a finished ring die to obtain a blank ring of the finished ring;
step S6 reheat: putting the blank ring piece into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is between 1000 and 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is between 8 and 12 ℃/s; after heating, heat preservation is carried out, and the heat preservation time is between 0.5min/mm wall thickness and 0.7min/mm wall thickness;
step S7 ring rolling: rolling the reheated blank ring piece on a ring rolling machine;
step S8 heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment according to the performance requirement of the finished ring piece;
step S9 bulge correction: the size of the ring piece can be corrected through the bulging process;
step S10 machining: machining according to the drawing size and precision requirements of the finished ring piece;
step S11 check: detecting whether the size and the mechanical property of the finished ring piece meet the requirements or not, and warehousing the finished ring piece meeting the requirements; sampling the ring piece with the requirement on the microstructure and the grain size, detecting the microstructure and the grain size, and warehousing the qualified ring piece after the detection is qualified.
Further, in the step S7, the feeding speed of the blank ring rolling is obtained through the following stepsv p ：
Firstly, calculating the feed quantity delta per revolution of rolling of blank ring piecesh p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pis the rolling force of the ring rolling mill,
is the yield strength of the material at the rolling temperature,Bis the axial height of the casing ring,D d ，D m the equivalent working outer diameters of the drive roller and the core roller respectively,D、drespectively taking the equivalent outer diameter and the equivalent inner diameter of the finished ring piece, taking the smaller diameter value of the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller and the non-cylindrical special-shaped core roller, wherein n is a coefficient and the value is 3-6;
after the feeding amount of each turn of rolling the blank ring piece is calculated, the rolling feeding speed of the blank ring piece is further calculatedv p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n d in order to drive the rotational speed of the roller,D d the diameter of the drive roller is taken as a larger value for the non-cylindrical special-shaped drive roller for the equivalent working outer diameter of the drive roller,D 0 and taking a smaller value as the equivalent outer diameter of the blank ring piece.
Further, in the step S7, the rolling process of the blank ring is divided into three stages:
an initial rolling stage: at 0.1-0.2v p At this stage, the blank ring is rolled for 1-2 turns;
a main rolling stage: at 0.8-0.9v p The speed of the rolling mill is controlled, and at the stage, 85-90% of the rolling workload of the blank ring piece is finished;
and (3) finishing rolling stage: at 0.05-0.1v p Is fed.
Further, when the finishing rolling stage is carried out, the ring of the blank is firstly heated once in a furnace, the heating temperature is between 1000 and 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is between 8 and 12 ℃/s; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
Further, in the step S5, in the blank making process, the temperature of the blank ring is monitored in real time, when the temperature of the blank ring is lower than 950 ℃, the blank ring is melted and heated, the heating temperature is between 1040 ℃ and 1060 ℃, and the temperature rise rate in the heating process is between 8 ℃/S and 12 ℃/S; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
Further, in the blank manufacturing process, when the infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through the support.
Further, in the step S7, in the ring rolling process, the temperature of the blank ring is monitored in real time, when the temperature of the blank ring is lower than 900 ℃, the blank ring is heated in a furnace, the heating temperature is between 1000 ℃ and 1040 ℃, and the temperature rise speed in the heating process is between 8 ℃/S and 12 ℃/S; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
Further, in the ring rolling process, when the temperature of the blank ring piece is monitored in real time by using an infrared thermometer, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed by a support.
Furthermore, in the ring rolling process, when the temperature of the blank ring piece is lower than 900 ℃ and the ring needs to be re-melted and heated, the blank ring piece is clamped by a mechanical clamp to be transferred into the resistance furnace, and asbestos is coated on the surface of the mechanical clamp, so that the temperature drop at the direct contact position of the blank ring piece and the mechanical clamp is prevented from being too fast.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the rolling process is used for manufacturing the metal ring piece, in the ring rolling stage, the feeding speed is fed according to the designed feeding curve, the diameter growth speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, the growth speed of the metal ring piece is stable, and the quality problems of coarse crystals, mixed crystals and the like are not easy to occur on the metal ring piece by reasonably controlling the rolling temperature.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of radial and axial rolling of a metal ring;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a rolling process of a metal ring piece according to the invention.
In the figure: 1. a drive roller; 2. a core roll; 3. a follow-up guide roller; 4. a measuring roller; 5. an upper conical roller; 6. a lower conical roller; 7. a metal ring member.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a ring metal rolling process, please refer to fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
step S1 raw material detection: the bar is analyzed and checked, and the raw material has no following defects: overheated tissue, slag inclusion and white spots.
Step S2 blanking and weighing: whether blanking is accurate or not directly influences the subsequent process, considering that the volume of punched continuous skin metal and heating burning loss are large, the blanking weight is larger than the quality of a finished ring, in the embodiment, the blanking weight is 103% of the weight of a formed product, blanking is carried out by using a sawing machine after calculation is accurate, and weighing is carried out after blanking to ensure that the blanking weight meets the requirements of the production process.
Step S3 heating and holding: and (3) putting the blanked bar stock into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1040 ℃, the heating speed in the heating process is 8 ℃/s, so that the internal temperature of the blank is uniformly distributed, and the blank is subjected to heat preservation after being heated, and the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S4 cogging: and upsetting and drawing the bar after heating and heat preservation, refining the internal structure of the bar, and eliminating the defects of looseness, cracks, holes and the like in the bar.
Step S5 blank making: upsetting, punching blind holes, punching connecting sheets, flattening end faces, pre-rolling and extruding on a press machine by means of a finished ring die to obtain a blank ring of the finished ring; in the blank manufacturing process, an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support, and the real-time monitoring mode of the temperature of the blank ring piece cannot influence blank manufacturing; when the temperature of the blank ring piece is lower than 950 ℃, returning to the furnace and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 8 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S6 reheat: and (3) heating the blank ring piece in a resistance furnace at the heating temperature of 1000 ℃ at the heating speed of 8 ℃/s in the heating process, and then carrying out heat preservation after heating, wherein the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm wall thickness. The crystal grain of the alloy has close relation with the rolling temperature, the size of the crystal grain after thermal deformation is related with the content of delta phase in the material during thermal deformation in the forging temperature range (generally 900-1060 ℃), the existence of the delta phase plays a pinning role on the crystal boundary and dislocation, the growth of the crystal grain is inhibited, and the complete dissolution temperature is 1030-1040 ℃. Therefore, in order to obtain a ring with smaller crystal grains, the rolling temperature should be considered to be selected below the complete dissolution temperature of the delta phase. Because the deformation resistance of the material is large when the temperature is lower, in the ring rolling process, because the ring blank wall is thin and is kept in long-time contact with a roller and a tray, the temperature is quickly reduced in the rolling process, so that the deformation of each fire in actual production is small, and continuous reheating is needed. Therefore, the rolling temperature should be properly increased, and the rolling temperature of the ring is selected to be in the range of 1000 ℃ to 1040 ℃, in the example, 1000 ℃.
In the actual ring production process, before rolling, the ring blank should be kept in a heating furnace for a long enough time due to the low heat conduction coefficient of the high-temperature alloy material, the heat-preservation time is generally determined by 0.5min/mm wall thickness to 0.7min/mm wall thickness, and in the embodiment, the heat-preservation time is determined by 0.5min/mm wall thickness.
Step S7 ring rolling: and rolling the reheated blank ring piece on a ring rolling machine. In the rolling process, the feeding speed is fed according to a designed feeding curve, the diameter growing speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, so that the growing speed of the ring piece is stable, and the rotating speeds of the driving roller 1, the core roller 2, the upper conical roller 5 and the lower conical roller 6 are regulated and controlled in real time according to the actual process. The temperature of the ring should be monitored in real time during the rolling process of the ring, so that the temperature is prevented from being too low. And ensuring sufficient deformation of the last fire when the rolling is carried out for multiple times. In the ring rolling process, when an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support. In the ring rolling process, when the ring blank temperature is lower than 900 ℃ and the ring blank needs to be subjected to furnace returning and heating, the heating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the temperature rise speed in the heating process is 8 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm of wall thickness. When the ring is heated after the furnace is returned, the blank ring is clamped by a mechanical clamp to be transferred into the resistance furnace, and asbestos is coated on the surface of the mechanical clamp, so that the phenomenon that the temperature of the direct contact position of the blank ring and the mechanical clamp is reduced too fast is prevented.
The feeding speed of the rolling of the blank ring is obtained by the following stepsv p ：
Firstly, calculating the feed quantity delta per revolution of rolling of blank ring piecesh p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pis the rolling force of the ring rolling mill,
is the yield strength of the material at the rolling temperature,Bis the axial height of the casing ring,D d ，D m respectively the equivalent working outer diameter of the drive roller 1 and the core roller 2,D、dthe equivalent outer diameter and the equivalent inner diameter of the finished ring are respectively, the smaller diameter value is taken for the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 and the non-cylindrical special-shaped core roller 2, n is a coefficient, and the value is 3-6.
After the feeding amount per revolution of rolling the blank ring piece is calculated, the rolling feeding speed of the blank ring piece can be further obtainedv p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n d in order to drive the rotational speed of the roller 1,D d for the equivalent working outer diameter of the driving roller 1, the diameter of the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 is taken to be a larger value,D 0 is a blank ring memberThe equivalent outer diameter of (2) is taken as a smaller value.
In step S7, the rolling process of the blank ring is divided into three stages:
firstly, an initial rolling stage: at 0.1-0.2v p The feeding speed is favorable for the ring piece to smoothly bite into the hole pattern and enter a rolling state, and the blank ring piece is rolled for 1-2 circles at the stage;
II, a main rolling stage: at 0.8-0.9v p The speed feeding is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the dynamic recrystallization of materials is facilitated, the ring crystal grains are effectively refined, and 85-90% of the blank ring rolling workload is completed at this stage;
thirdly, finishing rolling stage: at 0.05-0.1v p The speed of feeding is favorable for accurately controlling the size of the ring piece, and the size precision of the ring piece is improved.
When the finishing rolling stage is carried out, the ring blank is firstly heated once in a furnace, the heating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 8 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm of wall thickness. Thus, the finishing rolling stage can be completed at one time conveniently.
Step S8 heat treatment: and (4) establishing a heat treatment process route according to the performance requirement of the finished ring piece, and carrying out heat treatment according to the route.
Step S9 bulge correction: the ring size can be corrected by the bulging process.
Step S10 machining: and machining according to the drawing size and precision requirements of the finished ring piece.
Step S11 check: detecting whether the size and the mechanical property of the finished ring piece meet the requirements or not, and warehousing the finished ring piece meeting the requirements; sampling the ring piece with the requirement on the microstructure and the grain size, detecting the microstructure and the grain size, and warehousing the qualified ring piece after the detection is qualified.
Example two:
a ring metal rolling process, please refer to fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
step S1 raw material detection: the bar is analyzed and checked, and the raw material has no following defects: overheated tissue, slag inclusion and white spots.
Step S2 blanking and weighing: whether blanking is accurate or not directly influences the subsequent process, considering that the volume of punched continuous skin metal and heating burning loss are large, the blanking weight is larger than the quality of a finished ring, in the embodiment, the blanking weight is 105% of the weight of a formed product, after calculation is accurate, blanking is carried out by using a sawing machine, and after blanking, weighing is carried out to ensure that the blanking weight meets the requirements of the production process.
Step S3 heating and holding: and (3) putting the blanked bar stock into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050 ℃, the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s so as to ensure that the internal temperature of the blank is uniformly distributed, and the blank is subjected to heat preservation after heating is finished, wherein the heat preservation time is 0.6min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S4 cogging: and upsetting and drawing the bar after heating and heat preservation, refining the internal structure of the bar, and eliminating the defects of looseness, cracks, holes and the like in the bar.
Step S5 blank making: upsetting, punching blind holes, punching connecting sheets, flattening end faces, pre-rolling and extruding on a press machine by means of a finished ring die to obtain a blank ring of the finished ring; in the blank manufacturing process, an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support, and the real-time monitoring mode of the temperature of the blank ring piece cannot influence blank manufacturing; when the temperature of the blank ring piece is lower than 950 ℃, returning to the furnace and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.6min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S6 reheat: and (3) heating the blank ring piece in a resistance furnace at 1020 ℃, wherein the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s, and carrying out heat preservation after heating is finished, wherein the heat preservation time is 0.6min/mm wall thickness. The crystal grain of the alloy has close relation with the rolling temperature, the size of the crystal grain after thermal deformation is related with the content of delta phase in the material during thermal deformation in the forging temperature range (generally 900-1060 ℃), the existence of the delta phase plays a pinning role on the crystal boundary and dislocation, the growth of the crystal grain is inhibited, and the complete dissolution temperature is 1030-1040 ℃. Therefore, in order to obtain a ring with smaller crystal grains, the rolling temperature should be considered to be selected below the complete dissolution temperature of the delta phase. Because the deformation resistance of the material is large when the temperature is lower, in the ring rolling process, because the ring blank wall is thin and is kept in long-time contact with a roller and a tray, the temperature is quickly reduced in the rolling process, so that the deformation of each fire in actual production is small, and continuous reheating is needed. Therefore, the rolling temperature should be properly increased, and the rolling temperature of the ring is selected to be in the range of 1000 ℃ to 1040 ℃, and in the example, 1020 ℃.
In the actual ring production process, before rolling, the ring blank should be kept in a heating furnace for a long enough time due to the low heat conduction coefficient of the high-temperature alloy material, the heat-preservation time is generally determined by 0.5min/mm wall thickness to 0.7min/mm wall thickness, and in the embodiment, the heat-preservation time is determined by 0.6min/mm wall thickness.
Step S7 ring rolling: and rolling the reheated blank ring piece on a ring rolling machine. In the rolling process, the feeding speed is fed according to a designed feeding curve, the diameter growing speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, so that the growing speed of the ring piece is stable, and the rotating speeds of the driving roller 1, the core roller 2, the upper conical roller 5 and the lower conical roller 6 are regulated and controlled in real time according to the actual process. The temperature of the ring should be monitored in real time during the rolling process of the ring, so that the temperature is prevented from being too low. And ensuring sufficient deformation of the last fire when the rolling is carried out for multiple times. In the ring rolling process, when an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support. In the ring rolling process, when the ring blank temperature is lower than 900 ℃ and the ring blank needs to be subjected to furnace returning and heating, the heating temperature is 1020 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.6min/mm of wall thickness. When the ring is heated after the furnace is returned, the blank ring is clamped by a mechanical clamp to be transferred into the resistance furnace, and asbestos is coated on the surface of the mechanical clamp, so that the phenomenon that the temperature of the direct contact position of the blank ring and the mechanical clamp is reduced too fast is prevented.
The feeding speed of the rolling of the blank ring is obtained by the following stepsv p ：
Firstly, calculating the feed quantity delta per revolution of rolling of blank ring piecesh p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pis the rolling force of the ring rolling mill,
is the yield strength of the material at the rolling temperature,Bis the axial height of the casing ring,D d ，D m respectively the equivalent working outer diameter of the drive roller 1 and the core roller 2,D、dthe equivalent outer diameter and the equivalent inner diameter of the finished ring are respectively, the smaller diameter value is taken for the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 and the non-cylindrical special-shaped core roller 2, n is a coefficient, and the value is 3-6.
After the feeding amount per revolution of rolling the blank ring piece is calculated, the rolling feeding speed of the blank ring piece can be further obtainedv p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n d in order to drive the rotational speed of the roller 1,D d for the equivalent working outer diameter of the driving roller 1, the diameter of the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 is taken to be a larger value,D 0 and taking a smaller value as the equivalent outer diameter of the blank ring piece.
In step S7, the rolling process of the blank ring is divided into three stages:
firstly, an initial rolling stage: at 0.1-0.2v p The feeding speed is favorable for the ring piece to smoothly bite into the hole pattern and enter a rolling state, and the blank ring piece is rolled for 1-2 circles at the stage;
II, a main rolling stage: at 0.8-0.9v p The speed feeding is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the dynamic recrystallization of materials is facilitated, the ring crystal grains are effectively refined, and 85-90% of the blank ring rolling workload is completed at this stage;
thirdly, finishing rolling stage: at 0.05-0.1v p The speed of feeding is favorable for accurately controlling the size of the ring piece and improving the size precision of the ring piece。
When the finishing rolling stage is carried out, the ring blank is firstly heated once in a furnace, the heating temperature is 1020 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.6min/mm of wall thickness. Thus, the finishing rolling stage can be completed at one time conveniently.
Step S8 heat treatment: and (4) establishing a heat treatment process route according to the performance requirement of the finished ring piece, and carrying out heat treatment according to the route.
Step S9 bulge correction: the ring size can be corrected by the bulging process.
Step S10 machining: and machining according to the drawing size and precision requirements of the finished ring piece.
Step S11 check: detecting whether the size and the mechanical property of the finished ring piece meet the requirements or not, and warehousing the finished ring piece meeting the requirements; sampling the ring piece with the requirement on the microstructure and the grain size, detecting the microstructure and the grain size, and warehousing the qualified ring piece after the detection is qualified.
Example three:
a ring metal rolling process, please refer to fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
step S1 raw material detection: the bar is analyzed and checked, and the raw material has no following defects: overheated tissue, slag inclusion and white spots.
Step S2 blanking and weighing: whether blanking is accurate or not directly influences the subsequent process, considering that the volume of punched laminated metal and heating burning loss are large, the blanking weight is larger than the quality of a finished ring, in the embodiment, the blanking weight is 106% of the weight of a formed product, after calculation is accurate, blanking is carried out by using a sawing machine, and after blanking, weighing is carried out to ensure that the blanking weight meets the requirements of the production process.
Step S3 heating and holding: and (3) putting the blanked bar stock into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1060 ℃, the heating speed in the heating process is 12 ℃/s so as to ensure that the internal temperature of the blank is uniformly distributed, and the blank is subjected to heat preservation after heating is finished, wherein the heat preservation time is 0.7min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S4 cogging: and upsetting and drawing the bar after heating and heat preservation, refining the internal structure of the bar, and eliminating the defects of looseness, cracks, holes and the like in the bar.
Step S5 blank making: upsetting, punching blind holes, punching connecting sheets, flattening end faces, pre-rolling and extruding on a press machine by means of a finished ring die to obtain a blank ring of the finished ring; in the blank manufacturing process, an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support, and the real-time monitoring mode of the temperature of the blank ring piece cannot influence blank manufacturing; when the temperature of the blank ring piece is lower than 950 ℃, returning to the furnace and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1060 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.7min/mm of wall thickness.
Step S6 reheat: and (3) heating the blank ring piece in a resistance furnace at 1040 ℃, wherein the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s, and then carrying out heat preservation after heating, wherein the heat preservation time is 0.7min/mm wall thickness. The crystal grain of the alloy has close relation with the rolling temperature, the size of the crystal grain after thermal deformation is related with the content of delta phase in the material during thermal deformation in the forging temperature range (generally 900-1060 ℃), the existence of the delta phase plays a pinning role on the crystal boundary and dislocation, the growth of the crystal grain is inhibited, and the complete dissolution temperature is 1030-1040 ℃. Therefore, in order to obtain a ring with smaller crystal grains, the rolling temperature should be considered to be selected below the complete dissolution temperature of the delta phase. Because the deformation resistance of the material is large when the temperature is lower, in the ring rolling process, because the ring blank wall is thin and is kept in long-time contact with a roller and a tray, the temperature is quickly reduced in the rolling process, so that the deformation of each fire in actual production is small, and continuous reheating is needed. Therefore, the rolling temperature should be properly increased, and the rolling temperature of the ring is selected to be in the range of 1000 ℃ to 1040 ℃, in the example, 1040 ℃.
In the actual ring production process, before rolling, the ring blank should be kept in a heating furnace for a long enough time due to the low heat conduction coefficient of the high-temperature alloy material, the heat-preservation time is generally determined by 0.5min/mm wall thickness to 0.7min/mm wall thickness, and in the embodiment, the heat-preservation time is determined by 0.7min/mm wall thickness.
Step S7 ring rolling: and rolling the reheated blank ring piece on a ring rolling machine. In the rolling process, the feeding speed is fed according to a designed feeding curve, the diameter growing speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, so that the growing speed of the ring piece is stable, and the rotating speeds of the driving roller 1, the core roller 2, the upper conical roller 5 and the lower conical roller 6 are regulated and controlled in real time according to the actual process. The temperature of the ring should be monitored in real time during the rolling process of the ring, so that the temperature is prevented from being too low. And ensuring sufficient deformation of the last fire when the rolling is carried out for multiple times. In the ring rolling process, when an infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring piece in real time, the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed through a support. In the ring rolling process, when the ring blank temperature is lower than 900 ℃ and the ring blank needs to be subjected to furnace returning and heating, the heating temperature is 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.7min/mm of wall thickness. When the ring is heated after the furnace is returned, the blank ring is clamped by a mechanical clamp to be transferred into the resistance furnace, and asbestos is coated on the surface of the mechanical clamp, so that the phenomenon that the temperature of the direct contact position of the blank ring and the mechanical clamp is reduced too fast is prevented.
The feeding speed of the rolling of the blank ring is obtained by the following stepsv p ：
Firstly, calculating the feed quantity delta per revolution of rolling of blank ring piecesh p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pis the rolling force of the ring rolling mill,
is the yield strength of the material at the rolling temperature,Bis the axial height of the casing ring,D d ，D m respectively the equivalent working outer diameter of the drive roller 1 and the core roller 2,D、dthe equivalent outer diameter and the equivalent inner diameter of the finished ring are respectively, the smaller diameter value is taken for the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 and the non-cylindrical special-shaped core roller 2, n is a coefficient, and the value is 3-6.
Calculating the rolling speed of each revolution of the blank ring pieceAfter the feeding amount is given, the rolling feeding speed of the blank ring piece can be further obtainedv p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n d in order to drive the rotational speed of the roller 1,D d for the equivalent working outer diameter of the driving roller 1, the diameter of the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller 1 is taken to be a larger value,D 0 and taking a smaller value as the equivalent outer diameter of the blank ring piece.
In step S7, the rolling process of the blank ring is divided into three stages:
firstly, an initial rolling stage: at 0.1-0.2v p The feeding speed is favorable for the ring piece to smoothly bite into the hole pattern and enter a rolling state, and the blank ring piece is rolled for 1-2 circles at the stage;
II, a main rolling stage: at 0.8-0.9v p The speed feeding is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the dynamic recrystallization of materials is facilitated, the ring crystal grains are effectively refined, and 85-90% of the blank ring rolling workload is completed at this stage;
thirdly, finishing rolling stage: at 0.05-0.1v p The speed of feeding is favorable for accurately controlling the size of the ring piece, and the size precision of the ring piece is improved.
When the finishing rolling stage is carried out, the ring blank is firstly heated once in a furnace, the heating temperature is 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is 10 ℃/s; and (4) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.7min/mm of wall thickness. Thus, the finishing rolling stage can be completed at one time conveniently.
Step S8 heat treatment: and (4) establishing a heat treatment process route according to the performance requirement of the finished ring piece, and carrying out heat treatment according to the route.
Step S9 bulge correction: the ring size can be corrected by the bulging process.
Step S10 machining: and machining according to the drawing size and precision requirements of the finished ring piece.
Step S11 check: detecting whether the size and the mechanical property of the finished ring piece meet the requirements or not, and warehousing the finished ring piece meeting the requirements; sampling the ring piece with the requirement on the microstructure and the grain size, detecting the microstructure and the grain size, and warehousing the qualified ring piece after the detection is qualified.
When the rolling process is used for manufacturing the metal ring piece, in the ring rolling stage, the feeding speed is fed according to the designed feeding curve, the diameter growth speed of the ring piece is measured, the feeding speed is adjusted in real time, the growth speed of the metal ring piece is stable, and the quality problems of coarse crystals, mixed crystals and the like are not easy to occur on the metal ring piece by reasonably controlling the rolling temperature.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A metal ring rolling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1 raw material detection: the bar is analyzed and checked, and the raw material has no following defects: overheated tissue, slag inclusion and white spots;
step S2 blanking and weighing: the weight of the baiting is 103-106% of the weight of the formed product;
step S3 heating and holding: putting the blanked bar stock into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is between 1040 and 1060 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is between 8 and 12 ℃/s; after heating, heat preservation is carried out, and the heat preservation time is between 0.5min/mm wall thickness and 0.7min/mm wall thickness;
step S4 cogging: upsetting and drawing the bar after heating and heat preservation, refining the internal structure of the bar, and eliminating the defects of looseness, cracks and holes in the bar;
step S5 blank making: upsetting, punching blind holes, punching connecting sheets, flattening end faces, pre-rolling and extruding on a press machine by means of a finished ring die to obtain a blank ring of the finished ring;
step S6 reheat: putting the blank ring piece into a resistance furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is between 1000 and 1040 ℃, and the heating speed in the heating process is between 8 and 12 ℃/s; after heating, heat preservation is carried out, and the heat preservation time is between 0.5min/mm wall thickness and 0.7min/mm wall thickness;
step S7 ring rolling: rolling the reheated blank ring piece on a ring rolling machine;
step S8 heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment according to the performance requirement of the finished ring piece;
step S9 bulge correction: the size of the ring piece can be corrected through the bulging process;
step S10 machining: machining according to the drawing size and precision requirements of the finished ring piece;
step S11 check: detecting whether the size and the mechanical property of the finished ring piece meet the requirements or not, and warehousing the finished ring piece meeting the requirements; sampling the ring piece with the requirement on the microstructure and the grain size, detecting the microstructure and the grain size, and warehousing the qualified ring piece after the detection is qualified.
2. The process for rolling a metal ring according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the feeding speed of the blank ring rolling is obtained by the following stepsv p ：
Firstly, calculating the feed quantity delta per revolution of rolling of blank ring piecesh p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pis the rolling force of the ring rolling mill,
is the yield strength of the material at the rolling temperature,Bis the axial height of the casing ring,D d ，D m the equivalent working outer diameters of the drive roller and the core roller respectively,D、dequivalent outer diameter of finished ring parts respectivelyAnd an inner diameter, the smaller value of the diameter is taken for the non-cylindrical special-shaped driving roller and the core roller, n is a coefficient, and the value is 3-6;
after the feeding amount of each turn of rolling the blank ring piece is calculated, the rolling feeding speed of the blank ring piece is further calculatedv p ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n d in order to drive the rotational speed of the roller,D d the diameter of the drive roller is taken as a larger value for the non-cylindrical special-shaped drive roller for the equivalent working outer diameter of the drive roller,D 0 and taking a smaller value as the equivalent outer diameter of the blank ring piece.
3. The process for rolling a metal ring according to claim 2, wherein in the step S7, the rolling process of the blank ring is divided into three stages:
an initial rolling stage: at 0.1-0.2v p At this stage, the blank ring is rolled for 1-2 turns;
a main rolling stage: at 0.8-0.9v p The speed of the rolling mill is controlled, and at the stage, 85-90% of the rolling workload of the blank ring piece is finished;
and (3) finishing rolling stage: at 0.05-0.1v p Is fed.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein in the finishing rolling stage, the blank ring is first heated once by reheating at a temperature of between 1000 ℃ and 1040 ℃ at a temperature of between 8 ℃/s and 12 ℃/s; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
5. The process of rolling a metal ring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step S5, the temperature of the blank ring is monitored in real time during the blank making process, when the temperature of the blank ring is lower than 950 ℃, the blank ring is returned to the furnace and heated, the heating temperature is between 1040 ℃ and 1060 ℃, and the temperature rise rate during the heating process is between 8 ℃/S and 12 ℃/S; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
6. The metal ring rolling process according to claim 5, wherein the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed by the support when the infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring in real time during the blank making process.
7. The metal ring rolling process according to claim 5, wherein in the step S7, the temperature of the blank ring is monitored in real time during the ring rolling process, when the temperature of the blank ring is lower than 900 ℃, the blank ring is heated in a furnace returning mode, the heating temperature is between 1000 ℃ and 1040 ℃, and the temperature rising speed during the heating process is between 8 ℃/S and 12 ℃/S; and (3) after heating, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5min/mm to 0.7 min/mm.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the infrared thermometer is supported and fixed by a bracket when the infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature of the blank ring in real time during the ring rolling process.
9. The process of claim 7, wherein during ring rolling, when the ring blank temperature is lower than 900 ℃ and the ring blank needs to be reheated, the ring blank is clamped by a mechanical clamp to be transferred into the resistance furnace, and the surface of the mechanical clamp is coated with asbestos to prevent the ring blank from directly contacting with the mechanical clamp to cause too fast temperature drop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110701155.8A CN113245485A (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Metal ring rolling process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110701155.8A CN113245485A (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Metal ring rolling process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113245485A true CN113245485A (en) | 2021-08-13 |
Family
ID=77189425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110701155.8A Pending CN113245485A (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Metal ring rolling process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113245485A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105108016A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Radial rolling method for ring piece with controllable strain distribution |
| CN105499933A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-20 | 张家港中环海陆特锻股份有限公司 | Technology for manufacturing ring forge piece from F92 steel |
| CN110640060A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-01-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Near-net composite forming process method for large complex basin-shaped ring piece |
| CN111085828A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-01 | 西北工业大学 | Forming method of stress-uniform high-temperature alloy ring piece |
| CN112122540A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 豪梅特航空机件(苏州)有限公司 | High-temperature alloy ring-shaped piece micro-stress forging process |
| CN112719928A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent production method and system of annular forging |
-
2021
- 2021-06-24 CN CN202110701155.8A patent/CN113245485A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105108016A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Radial rolling method for ring piece with controllable strain distribution |
| CN105499933A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-20 | 张家港中环海陆特锻股份有限公司 | Technology for manufacturing ring forge piece from F92 steel |
| CN110640060A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-01-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Near-net composite forming process method for large complex basin-shaped ring piece |
| CN111085828A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-01 | 西北工业大学 | Forming method of stress-uniform high-temperature alloy ring piece |
| CN112122540A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 豪梅特航空机件(苏州)有限公司 | High-temperature alloy ring-shaped piece micro-stress forging process |
| CN112719928A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent production method and system of annular forging |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 谢水生等: "《锻压工艺及应用》", 31 January 2011, 国防工业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102489639B (en) | Fine-grain roll-forming method for large annular piece made of high alloy steel | |
| CN109351896B (en) | Rolling method of 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece with ultra-large diameter | |
| CN102873512B (en) | The manufacture method of thick-walled seamless steel pipes in used in nuclear power station heavy caliber | |
| CN106670359B (en) | A kind of GH4169 alloy rings and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107138538A (en) | A kind of forging method of fining high temperature alloy annular forging piece grain size | |
| CN102489942B (en) | Manufacturing method for seamless titanium drum for cathode roller | |
| CN102069369A (en) | Processing technology of high-temperature alloy GH600 | |
| CN110976603A (en) | Preparation method of fine-grain titanium cylinder for cathode roller | |
| WO2024098917A1 (en) | Integral forming method for axial special-shaped ring forging | |
| CN112974542B (en) | Stable rolling forming method for large copper alloy ring piece | |
| CN108213843A (en) | A kind of 2219 aluminum alloy C-shaped section rings process for manufacturing forging | |
| CN112719928B (en) | Intelligent production method and system of annular forging | |
| CN108237197B (en) | A kind of forging method improving the flaw detection of structural steel large-sized ring part | |
| CN112404894B (en) | Preparation method of large length-diameter ratio, small-caliber and ultrathin platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy crucible | |
| CN104227344B (en) | Production method of GH5188 square exhaust nozzle used for aircraft engine | |
| CN113245485A (en) | Metal ring rolling process | |
| CN112808910A (en) | Forging method for improving percent of pass of large-wall-thickness 5754 aluminum alloy forge piece | |
| CN114346610B (en) | Hot rolling forming method for large heterogeneous metal ring construction | |
| CN110541888A (en) | Oil-cooled bearing seat and machining method thereof | |
| CN113878083B (en) | TA1 ring forging and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110369546B (en) | Method for producing large-diameter titanium alloy hot-rolled seamless pipe | |
| CN104308457B (en) | A kind of manufacture method on the square installation limit of aero-engine GH3536 | |
| CN110814249B (en) | Forming method of stainless steel long pipe forging | |
| CN114043166A (en) | Manufacturing method of nickel-based superalloy asymmetric special-shaped ring forging | |
| JP4603707B2 (en) | Seamless pipe manufacturing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210813 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |