CN109351896B - Rolling method of 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece with ultra-large diameter - Google Patents
Rolling method of 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece with ultra-large diameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109351896B CN109351896B CN201811354838.5A CN201811354838A CN109351896B CN 109351896 B CN109351896 B CN 109351896B CN 201811354838 A CN201811354838 A CN 201811354838A CN 109351896 B CN109351896 B CN 109351896B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ring rolling methods, in particular to a rolling method of an ultra-large-diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring, which comprises the following steps: blanking → ingot casting heating, heat preservation → free forging → rectangular ring blank manufacturing → special-shaped section ring manufacturing → ring cooling → solid solution → aging treatment → size detection. The rolling method of the invention can keep the flow line of the forge piece complete, the internal structure is uniform, welding is not needed, the processing period is short, the material utilization rate is high, the subsequent processing allowance is small, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ring rolling methods, and particularly relates to a rolling method of an ultra-large-diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped cross section ring.
Background
The 6061 aluminum alloy is A1-Mg-Si series heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy, has the characteristics of low density, higher specific strength, good corrosion resistance, weldability, processability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships and the like. The large ring member is widely used in various industrial fields such as a transition ring of a launch vehicle, a reinforcing ring of a nuclear reactor, a pressure vessel, and the like.
The ring rolling technology is a special processing technology for producing seamless rings, and at present, the ring rolling technology is widely researched in the aspects of ring rolling of ferrous metals and titanium alloy metals in China, and has high engineering application, but almost zero in the aspects of ring rolling research of aluminum alloy rings, particularly ultra-large aluminum alloy with special-shaped cross sections. The main reason is that the use requirement on the aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece is less. However, with the development of the aerospace industry, the use requirements of ultra-large aluminum alloy rings are more and more. The diameter of the aluminum alloy ring produced in China is basically less than 10000mm at present, the rigidity of the ring is greatly weakened along with the increase of the size of the ring, the plastic instability is caused in the rolling process, the roundness and the size precision of the ring are difficult to control in the ring rolling process, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rolling method of an ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy ring with a special-shaped cross section, which mainly solves the problem that an aluminum alloy ring with the diameter of more than 10000mm cannot be rolled.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a rolling method of an ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking, namely sawing a 6061 aluminum alloy ingot into ingots according to requirements;
(2) heating and insulating the cast ingot;
(3) free forging, namely performing upsetting, punching and trestle reaming processes on a 6061 aluminum alloy cast ingot;
firstly, upsetting, pulling and forging a heated and heat-preserved ingot into a round cake-shaped blank, then punching the blank, returning to the furnace after the punching is finished, heating to 470 +/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6 hours, and finally carrying out trestle reaming on the blank to prepare a ring blank with the outer diameter of 4750 and 5250mm, the inner diameter of 3750 and 4250mm and the height of 520 and 530 mm;
(4) making a rectangular ring blank, namely returning the ring blank prepared in the step (3) to a furnace, heating to 470 +/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then transferring the ring blank to a rectangular ring rolling mill for making a rectangular ring piece, wherein the rolling steps comprise that the rotating speed of a main roller die is controlled to be 2-3rad/s in a biting stage, the feeding speed of a core roller die is controlled to be 0.5-0.8mm/s, the feeding speed of a conical roller die is 0, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3-4rad/s in a rapid rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1-1.5mm/s, the feeding speed of the conical roller die is 0.45-0.5mm/s, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3.5-4.5rad/s in a stable rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1.5-2.5mm/s, the feeding speed of the conical roller die is 0.15-0.2mm/s, controlling the rotating speed of a main roller mold to be 1.5-2mm/s, the feeding speed of a core roller mold to be 1-2mm/s, the feeding speed of a conical roller mold to be 0.1-0.15mm/s in the speed reduction rolling stage, controlling the rotating speed of the main roller mold to be 1-1.5rad/s, the feeding speed of the core roller mold to be 0.1-0.3mm/s and the feeding speed of the conical roller mold to be 0 in the forming and rounding stage, and preparing a rectangular ring blank with the outer diameter of 7800 and 8300mm, the inner diameter of 7200 and 7700mm and the height of 500 +/-5 mm;
(5) manufacturing the special-shaped cross-section ring piece, comprising the following steps: the rectangular ring blank prepared in the step (4) is put back into a furnace and heated to 470 +/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2-3 hours, then the rectangular ring blank is transferred to a special-shaped ring rolling mill to manufacture a ring with a special-shaped section, the rolling steps are that the rotating speed of a main roller die is controlled to be 1-2rad/s in a biting stage, the feeding speed of a core roller die is controlled to be 0.3-0.8mm/s in a core roller die, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 2-2.5rad/s in a rapid rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is controlled to be 0.8-1.2mm/s in a rapid rolling stage, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3-4rad/s in a stable rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is controlled to be 1-1.6mm/s in a decelerating rolling stage, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 1.2-1.5mm/s in a core roller die is controlled to be 0.8-1.3, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 0.1-0.3mm/s, the ring piece with the special-shaped section is rolled, the outer diameter of the ring piece is 11000 +/-15 mm, the inner diameter of the ring piece is 10600 +/-15 mm, and the height of the ring piece is 500 +/-5 mm;
(6) after the rolling of the ring piece is finished, flatly placing and air-cooling to room temperature;
(7) solid solution: the solid solution temperature of the ring piece is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5-7 hours;
(8) aging treatment: then the ring is put into a heat treatment furnace, heated to 160 +/-3 ℃, kept warm for 8-10 hours and cooled in air;
(9) and (3) size detection, namely detecting the size of the ring piece with the special-shaped section, wherein the roundness of the ring forging with the special-shaped section is less than 5 per thousand, and the ring piece meeting the quality requirement is obtained.
The technical scheme is further limited, in the step (1), the height-diameter ratio of blanking is less than 2.5, and the size of the cast ingot is 1150mm in diameter and 2800mm in height.
And (3) further limiting the technical scheme, in the step (2), the ingot is placed into an electric furnace for heating and temperature rise, the furnace temperature is controlled to be 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-24 hours.
The technical scheme is further limited, in the step (3), the inner diameter of the punched hole is 500mm, and the temperature of upsetting, punching and trestle reaming is 380-470 ℃.
The technical scheme is further limited, in the step (4), the roundness of the manufactured rectangular ring blank is less than 5 per thousand, and the temperature of the surface of the rectangular ring blank in the rolling process is 380-470 ℃.
The technical scheme is further limited, and in the step (5), the surface temperature of the blank for manufacturing the ring with the special-shaped section is 380-470 ℃.
The technical scheme is further limited, in the step (7), the water inlet time of the special-shaped section ring piece is required to be less than 15 seconds, and the temperature of the solid solution water is 25-35 ℃.
Has the advantages that: the method takes rolling the ring with the super-large diameter and the special-shaped cross section as an example, and controls the deformation temperature and the size of a blank in the free forging process; the temperature of the ring blank, the speed and the size of axial-radial feeding movement in the rolling process of the rectangular ring blank; temperature, radial feeding speed and size in the rolling process of the special-shaped section ring piece; the temperature, the heat preservation time and the like in the heat treatment process are stable and continuous in the whole rolling process, so that the 6061 aluminum alloy is used for manufacturing the ultra-large-diameter special-shaped section ring piece with the outer diameter of 11000 +/-15 mm, the inner diameter of 10600 +/-15 mm and the height of 500 +/-5 mm; the rolling method of the invention can keep the flow line of the forge piece complete, the internal structure is uniform, welding is not needed, the processing period is short, the material utilization rate is high, the subsequent processing allowance is small, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular ring blank of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the production of the ring member with irregular cross section in the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a main roller die, 2 is a ring blank, 3 is a guide roller, 4 is a core roller die, 5 is a conical roller and 6 is a ring piece.
Detailed Description
A rolling method of an ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the blanking is less than 2.5, sawing a 6061 aluminum alloy ingot into ingots according to requirements, and the ingots have the diameter of 1150mm and the height of 2800 mm;
(2) heating the cast ingot in an electric furnace to raise the temperature, controlling the furnace temperature at 470 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 22 hours;
(3) free forging, namely performing upsetting, punching and trestle reaming processes on a 6061 aluminum alloy cast ingot;
firstly, upsetting and drawing a heated and heat-insulated cast ingot to forge the cast ingot into a cake-shaped blank, then punching the blank, wherein the inner diameter of the punched hole is 500mm, returning the blank to a furnace after the punching is finished, heating to 470 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours, and finally carrying out trestle reaming on the blank to prepare a ring blank with the outer diameter of 5000mm, the inner diameter of 4000mm and the height of 525 mm; the temperature of upsetting, punching and trestle reaming is 450 ℃;
(4) making a rectangular ring blank, namely returning the ring blank prepared in the step (3) to a furnace, heating to 470 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2 hours, and then transferring the ring blank to a rectangular ring rolling mill for making a rectangular ring piece, wherein the rolling step comprises the steps of coating a lubricant on a device tool, spraying the lubricant on the surface and the inner hole of the ring blank, and performing the rolling process in five stages of gripping, rapid rolling, stable rolling, decelerating rolling and forming and rounding; the technological parameters of the main roller die and the core roller die in the five stages are as follows: as shown in figure 1, the rotation speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 2-3rad/s in the biting stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is controlled to be 0.5-0.8mm/s, the feeding speed of the cone roller die is controlled to be 0.5-0.8mm/s in the rapid rolling stage, the rotation speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3-4rad/s in the rapid rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1-1.5mm/s, the feeding speed of the cone roller die is 0.45mm/s, the rotation speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3.5-4.5rad/s in the stable rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1.5-2.5mm/s in the core roller die is 0.1mm/s in the stable rolling stage, the rotation speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 1.5-2mm/s in the decelerating rolling stage, the cone roller die is 0.1mm/s in the feeding speed of the forming rounding stage, the rotation speed of the main roller die, The feeding speed of the core roller mould is 0.1-0.3mm/s, the feeding speed of the conical roller mould is 0, and the rectangular ring blank with the outer diameter of 7800-8300mm, the inner diameter of 7200-7700mm and the height of 500 +/-5 mm is prepared;
(5) manufacturing the special-shaped cross-section ring piece, comprising the following steps: returning the rectangular ring blank prepared in the step (4) to a furnace, heating to 470 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and then transferring the rectangular ring blank to a special-shaped ring rolling mill for manufacturing a ring piece with a special-shaped section, wherein the rolling step comprises the steps of coating a lubricant on a device tool, spraying the lubricant on the surface and the inner hole of the ring blank, and performing the rolling process in five stages of biting, rapid rolling, stable rolling, decelerating rolling and forming and rounding; the technological parameters of the main roller die and the core roller die in the five stages are as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the rotation speed of the main roller mold is controlled to be 1rad/s and the feeding speed of the core roller mold is controlled to be 0.3mm/s in the biting stage, the rotation speed of the main roller mold is controlled to be 2rad/s and the feeding speed of the core roller mold is controlled to be 0.8mm/s in the rapid rolling stage, the rotation speed of the main roller mold is controlled to be 3rad/s and the feeding speed of the core roller mold is controlled to be 1mm/s in the stable rolling stage, the rotation speed of the main roller mold is controlled to be 1mm/s and the feeding speed of the core roller mold is controlled to be 1.2mm/s in the decelerating rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller mold is controlled to be 0.8mm/s in the forming and rounding stage, the feeding speed of the main roller mold is controlled to be 1rad/s and the feeding speed of the core roller mold is 0.1 mm/s; the surface temperature for manufacturing the ring blank with the special-shaped section is 470 ℃;
(6) after the rolling of the ring piece is finished, flatly placing and air-cooling to room temperature;
(7) solid solution: the water inlet time of the special-shaped cross-section ring piece is required to be less than 15 seconds, the solid solution water temperature is 25-35 ℃, the solid solution temperature of the ring piece is 535 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 hours; the solution temperature refers to the temperature of the ring, and the water temperature is the medium temperature;
(8) aging treatment: then the ring is put into a heat treatment furnace, heated to 160 ℃, kept warm for 8 hours and cooled in air;
(9) and (3) size detection, namely detecting the size of the ring piece with the special-shaped section, wherein the roundness of the ring forging with the special-shaped section is less than 5 per thousand, and the ring piece meeting the quality requirement is obtained.
The rectangular ring blank in the specification means that the cross section of the ring blank is rectangular; the special-shaped section ring piece is characterized in that the cross section of the ring piece is in an unconventional shape and is similar to a shape like a' shape, namely ring grooves with special-shaped cross sections are formed on the inner ring surface and the outer ring surface of the ring piece.
The invention takes rolling 6061 aluminum alloy with super large diameter (a ring with a cross section) as an example, and the deformation temperature and the size of the blank are controlled in the free forging process; the temperature of the ring blank, the speed and the size of axial-radial feeding movement in the rolling process of the rectangular ring blank; temperature, axial-radial feeding speed and size in the rolling process of the ring with the shape section; the temperature, the heat preservation time and the like in the heat treatment process ensure that the whole rolling process is stably and continuously carried out. The invention can roll the ultra-large diameter (6061 aluminum alloy ring with a cross section) with complete streamline, uniform internal structure, roundness less than 5 per mill, external diameter 11000 +/-15 mm, internal diameter 10600 +/-15 mm and height 500 +/-5 mm, and has the following innovation points: 1) innovation parameters of each step in the process; 2) rolling twice: the height of the ring blank is determined in the rectangular ring blank manufacturing process, so that the axial feed motion in the manufacturing process of the special-shaped section ring piece can be omitted, and the problem of product disqualification caused by excessive variables in the forming link is reduced; 3) the manufacturing process of the ultra-large type ring with the [ shape cross section ] manufactured by the invention reduces the machining process and has high material utilization rate. The larger the size of the raw material is, the worse the casting stability is, the quality of the ring piece cannot be guaranteed, the raw material is saved, and the metallurgical defect caused by overlarge cast ingot can be effectively avoided.
The details which are not described in the present specification are common general knowledge in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A rolling method of an ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking, namely sawing a 6061 aluminum alloy ingot into ingots according to requirements;
(2) heating and insulating the cast ingot;
(3) free forging, namely performing upsetting, punching and trestle reaming processes on a 6061 aluminum alloy cast ingot;
firstly, upsetting, pulling and forging a heated and heat-preserved ingot into a round cake-shaped blank, then punching the blank, returning to the furnace after the punching is finished, heating to 470 +/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6 hours, and finally carrying out trestle reaming on the blank to prepare a ring blank with the outer diameter of 4750 and 5250mm, the inner diameter of 3750 and 4250mm and the height of 520 and 530 mm;
(4) making a rectangular ring blank, namely returning the ring blank prepared in the step (3) to a furnace, heating to 470 +/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then transferring the ring blank to a rectangular ring rolling mill for making a rectangular ring piece, wherein the rolling steps comprise that the rotating speed of a main roller die is controlled to be 2-3rad/s in a biting stage, the feeding speed of a core roller die is controlled to be 0.5-0.8mm/s, the feeding speed of a conical roller die is 0, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3-4rad/s in a rapid rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1-1.5mm/s, the feeding speed of the conical roller die is 0.45-0.5mm/s, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3.5-4.5rad/s in a stable rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 1.5-2.5mm/s, the feeding speed of the conical roller die is 0.15-0.2mm/s, controlling the rotating speed of a main roller mold to be 1.5-2mm/s, the feeding speed of a core roller mold to be 1-2mm/s, the feeding speed of a conical roller mold to be 0.1-0.15mm/s in the speed reduction rolling stage, controlling the rotating speed of the main roller mold to be 1-1.5rad/s, the feeding speed of the core roller mold to be 0.1-0.3mm/s and the feeding speed of the conical roller mold to be 0 in the forming and rounding stage, and preparing a rectangular ring blank with the outer diameter of 7800 and 8300mm, the inner diameter of 7200 and 7700mm and the height of 500 +/-5 mm;
(5) manufacturing the special-shaped cross-section ring piece, comprising the following steps: the rectangular ring blank prepared in the step (4) is put back into a furnace and heated to 470 +/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2-3 hours, then the rectangular ring blank is transferred to a special-shaped ring rolling mill to manufacture a ring with a special-shaped section, the rolling steps are that the rotating speed of a main roller die is controlled to be 1-2rad/s in a biting stage, the feeding speed of a core roller die is controlled to be 0.3-0.8mm/s in a core roller die, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 2-2.5rad/s in a rapid rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is controlled to be 0.8-1.2mm/s in a rapid rolling stage, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 3-4rad/s in a stable rolling stage, the feeding speed of the core roller die is controlled to be 1-1.6mm/s in a decelerating rolling stage, the rotating speed of the main roller die is controlled to be 1.2-1.5mm/s in a core roller die is controlled to be 0.8-1.3, the feeding speed of the core roller die is 0.1-0.3mm/s, the ring piece with the special-shaped section is rolled, the outer diameter of the ring piece is 11000 +/-15 mm, the inner diameter of the ring piece is 10600 +/-15 mm, and the height of the ring piece is 500 +/-5 mm;
(6) after the rolling of the ring piece is finished, flatly placing and air-cooling to room temperature;
(7) solid solution: the solid solution temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5-7 hours;
(8) aging treatment: then the ring is put into a heat treatment furnace, heated to 160 +/-3 ℃, kept warm for 8-10h and cooled in air;
(9) and (3) size detection, namely detecting the size of the ring piece with the special-shaped section, wherein the roundness of the ring forging with the special-shaped section is less than 5 per thousand, and the ring piece meeting the quality requirement is obtained.
2. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the height-diameter ratio of blanking is less than 2.5, and the size of the cast ingot is 1150mm in diameter and 2800mm in height.
3. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: and (2) putting the ingot into an electric furnace for heating and raising the temperature, controlling the furnace temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 20-24 hours.
4. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the inner diameter of the punched hole is 500mm, and the temperature of upsetting, punching and trestle reaming is 380-470 ℃.
5. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the roundness of the manufactured rectangular ring blank is less than 5 per mill, and the temperature of the surface of the rectangular ring blank is 380-470 ℃ in the rolling process.
6. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the surface temperature of the blank for manufacturing the ring piece with the special-shaped section is 380-470 ℃.
7. The rolling method of the ultra-large diameter 6061 aluminum alloy special-shaped section ring piece according to the claim 1, the 2, the 4 or the 6, wherein the rolling method comprises the following steps: in the step (7), the water inlet time of the special-shaped cross-section ring piece is required to be less than 15 seconds, and the temperature of the solid solution water is 25-35 ℃.
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| CN110653328A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-01-07 | 遵义航天新力精密铸锻有限公司 | Processing technology of inner lug special-shaped cover |
| CN111673022B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-06-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Copper-nickel alloy flange rolling forming method |
| CN113416872A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-21 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness aluminum lithium alloy for aerospace and preparation method thereof |
| CN114192708A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Hot rolling forming method for large aluminum alloy ring piece construction |
| CN115608891B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-07-11 | 中南大学 | Manufacturing method and device for transition ring with special-shaped section of rocket storage tank |
| CN115430801B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-02-10 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Integral forming method for axial special-shaped ring forging |
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| CN101337256B (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 西安重型机械研究所 | Aluminum alloy ring piece rolling technique and device |
| CN101279344A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-08 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Method for rolling and shaping aluminum alloy special-shaped ring forging |
| CN104191166B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of roll-forming method of aluminium alloy height cylinder thin-walled ring |
| KR101718625B1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-22 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Mandrell assembly comprising detachable ring forming body, ring mill apparatus having the same, and rolling method using the same |
| CN105537474A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-04 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for C-shaped section ring forge pieces made from Haynes 188 alloy |
| CN108405769B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-09-03 | 张家港中环海陆高端装备股份有限公司 | The manufacturing method of forging special-shape ring in open coal mine excavator |
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