CN109092898B - Plastic processing method for long high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe - Google Patents
Plastic processing method for long high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109092898B CN109092898B CN201810584710.1A CN201810584710A CN109092898B CN 109092898 B CN109092898 B CN 109092898B CN 201810584710 A CN201810584710 A CN 201810584710A CN 109092898 B CN109092898 B CN 109092898B
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- Prior art keywords
- necking
- pipe
- magnesium alloy
- tube
- blank
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
- B21B17/02—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length
- B21B17/04—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length in a continuous process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
- B21B27/06—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
- B21B27/10—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally
- B21B27/106—Heating the rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C45/00—Separating mandrels from work or vice versa
Abstract
The invention provides a plastic processing method of a high-performance magnesium alloy long pipe, which adopts a far infrared heating lamp tube to heat a roller, inserts a core rod after a pipe blank is heated, and ensures that a certain pressing force is formed between the core rod and the inner wall of the pipe blank after necking by a three-hammer head synchronous tightening mode; when the induction coil works, the mandrel drives the tube blank after necking to be sent to a feeding roller, and the tube blank is subjected to reducing and wall-reducing plastic deformation processing; and (3) after the rolled pipe is subjected to rod stripping by a rod feeding unit, the pipe is divided into n sections according to the requirement. The tube blank is heated by adopting an induction heating mode, the traditional resistance heating mode is replaced, and the online heating-online rolling is realized; and the temperature compensation mode of induction heating is adopted among the passes, the difficulty that the magnesium alloy is extremely sensitive to temperature in the plastic deformation process is overcome, the temperature in the rolling process is accurately controlled, and meanwhile, the rolling process is finished in a heat preservation box, so that the heat loss between the magnesium alloy and the air is weakened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnesium alloy pipe preparation, and particularly relates to a plastic processing method of a high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe long material.
Technical Field
The magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structure material in the current engineering application, has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, good damping and shock absorption, good dimensional stability, convenient machining, easy recovery and the like, and is widely applied to high-end technical fields such as aerospace, national defense and military industry, automobiles, electronic 3C and the like. But is influenced by the characteristics of poor low-temperature plasticity, easy cracking, quick heat dissipation, obvious chilling effect and narrow plastic deformation temperature zone of magnesium and magnesium alloy, the plastic processing capability of the magnesium alloy is extremely poor, and the further development and application of the magnesium alloy are hindered.
At present, the production of magnesium alloy pipes is mainly casting and extrusion. The grain structure and the second phase of the cast magnesium alloy are relatively coarse, and the defects of air holes, shrinkage cavities and the like exist, so that the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy pipe produced by adopting the casting method is not ideal enough, and the requirement of a high-performance structural material is difficult to meet; the extruded tube is bound by an extrusion one-way forming process, the texture characteristic is obvious, the processing efficiency is lower, and the application of the magnesium alloy tube is restricted. The existing drawing process has the defects that the friction between a die and a pipe is serious, the pipe is easy to break, the yield is extremely low, the residual tensile stress on the surface of the drawn pipe is large, the pipe is easy to crack in the later use process and the like, and is only limited in the field of medical thin-diameter thin walls.
In the prior art, the method is generally limited by the material characteristic of fast heat dissipation of magnesium alloy, and the phenomenon of severe terminal temperature reduction, extremely poor material plasticity and severe pipe cracking at the later stage of pipe deformation is avoided, so that a magnesium alloy pipe processing method with the length of more than or equal to 4000mm is not found. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a warm rolling technique for long-sized high-performance magnesium alloy pipes and form a patent technique, and no relevant data report is found at present at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a rolling process for long magnesium alloy pipes, which is simple in process, low in cost, high in efficiency and excellent in mechanical properties of the pipes, and effectively solves the problems of poor mechanical properties, significant texture characteristics, low processing efficiency, low yield and the like of the magnesium alloy pipes in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the plastic processing method of the long material of the high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe is provided, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the roller preheating stage: heating the roller by adopting a far infrared heating lamp tube, and rapidly heating the surface of the roller to 80-200 ℃;
in the induction heating stage, inserting one section of the tube blank into an induction coil, carrying out induction heating on the magnesium alloy tube blank at the heating speed of 100-250 ℃/s, heating the temperature to 250-450 ℃, inserting a core rod, ensuring that the gap between the core rod and the single side of the inner surface of the tube blank is 0.5-2.6 mm, the core rod at the reducing end is in a step shape, and the preheating temperature of the core rod is 250-350 ℃;
(III) necking: conveying the heated tube blank and the core rod into a special necking pliers for necking, wherein the unilateral reduction is determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the tube blank and is 1.5-8 mm, and after necking, the core rod is in contact with the inner wall of the tube blank and has a certain pressing force;
(IV) a pipe jacking rolling procedure: the induction coil works, the temperature rising speed is 250 ℃/s-350 ℃/s, and meanwhile, the mandril drives the tube blank after necking to be fed into the roller, and the feeding speed is 0.5 m/s-4 m/s;
(V) a rod stripping and sizing process: and fourthly, after the rolled pipe is subjected to rod stripping by a rod feeding unit, drawing out the core rod, cutting off the necking end of the pipe blank, and cutting the pipe into n sections according to the requirement after sizing.
The necking and rolling processes of the pipe are carried out in a closed heat preservation box body, and the heat preservation material used in the heat preservation box is aerogel heat insulation cotton felt.
The necking end of the core rod is in a step shape.
The number of the special necking pliers is 3, and the special necking pliers are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
In the pipe-jacking rolling procedure, the feeding speed of the pipe blank is 0.5-4 m/s, and the number of rolling passes is 2-8; during the first pass of the tube blank rolling, the necking surface of the tube blank is ensured to be coplanar with the rolling surface of the roller, the pass reduction is determined according to the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the tube (the logarithm of the radial deformation of a single pass is-0.2 to-0.05), the unilateral reduction is 0.75mm to 3.5mm, the temperature is compensated by an induction coil between passes, the temperature rise speed is 50 ℃/s to 150 ℃/s
On the basis of the existing finished pipe blank (in an as-cast state, an extrusion state or a through rolling state), the invention further performs wall-reducing and diameter-reducing isothermal plastic deformation and axial isothermal extension plastic deformation on the pipe blank through a rolling process, and accurately controls process parameters such as temperature, strain and the like, so that the magnesium alloy can obtain sufficient processing and shaping, the purpose of refining the grain size is achieved, and the mechanical property of the pipe is further improved.
The process provided by the invention adopts an induction heating mode, so that the problem that the magnesium alloy structure coarsens caused by overhigh temperature when a tube blank is required to be heated to more than 450 ℃ because a furnace door of a resistance furnace used for heating the traditional tube is far away from a rolling mill and the heat dissipation is serious is effectively solved; and the ignition point of the magnesium alloy is lower, about 630 ℃, the traditional industrial resistance furnace is unstable in low temperature control, tube blanks are easy to burn, and potential safety hazards exist.
The process adopts a mode that the core rod actively pushes the tube blank, and the roller passively rotates and rolls, so that the tensile stress caused by friction between the tube blank and the die can be effectively reduced, and the cracking probability of the surface of the tube is reduced; meanwhile, different roller groups are completely independent, the problem that the speed matching between the roller groups is difficult due to axial extension when the roller blank is in plastic deformation because the rollers are actively driven in the traditional longitudinal rolling process can be effectively solved, and the stacking and bearing of the roller blank in the rolling process are avoided, so that the magnesium alloy plastic deformation is precious.
The induction coils are adopted for temperature compensation among the roller groups, so that the pipe is kept at the optimal rolling temperature during rolling, the tissue evolution is better controlled, and the mechanical property of the pipe is improved; meanwhile, the timely temperature compensation measures can effectively solve the cracking problems caused by fast heat dissipation of magnesium alloy, lower temperature of the tail part of the tube blank in the rolling process and reduction of material plasticity, and in addition, the whole rolling process is wrapped by a heat insulation box body, so that heat loss in the air is reduced, the working power of the temperature compensation coil is reduced, and the energy consumption of production is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mode that the core rod actively pushes the tube blank roller to passively rotate and roll is adopted, so that the tensile stress caused by friction between the tube blank and the die can be effectively reduced, and the cracking probability of the surface of the tube is reduced; the induction heating mode is adopted, so that the problem of unstable temperature control of the resistance furnace in the traditional pipe heating process is effectively solved, and potential safety hazards are eliminated; the induction coils are adopted for temperature compensation among the roller groups, so that the optimal rolling temperature of the pipe is effectively ensured during rolling, the tissue evolution is better controlled, and the mechanical property of the pipe is improved; the roller set and the necking pliers are integrally wrapped by a box body embedded with a heat-insulating layer, so that convection heat dissipation with air is reduced, the heating power of the induction coil is reduced, and the purpose of saving energy consumption is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle of rolling a magnesium alloy tube blank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the necking jaws;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the operation of the necking pliers;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of heating, temperature supplementing and heat preservation of a tube blank in a rolling process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rod-removing process;
in the figure: 1. a core rod; 2. a pipe blank; 3. heating the induction coil; 4. a driven roll; 5. a far infrared heating pipe; 6. a temperature compensation induction coil; 7. a jaw of a reducing pliers; 8. a rod-removing roller set and a heat preservation box 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present application is illustrated below by way of examples.
Example one
The used blank is an as-cast commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy tube blank, and the original dimension specification is as follows: the outer diameter is 51mm, the wall thickness is 8mm, and the length is 3000 mm. The outer diameter of the used core rod is phi 40mm, the outer diameter of the step section is phi 37mm, and the core rod is coated with a graphite emulsion lubricant. The preheating temperature of a roller is 250 ℃, a pipe blank is heated to 350 ℃ by a heating induction coil, a core rod is simultaneously preheated to 280 ℃, then necking is simultaneously carried out by loading from three directions by necking pliers, the unilateral reduction is 3mm, then the induction coil works at the speed of heating to 350 ℃ per second, meanwhile, the core rod pushes the pipe blank to feed at the speed of 1.2m/s, after two-pass wall-reducing and diameter-reducing rolling by a driven roller set, the pass unilateral reduction is 2mm and 1.5mm respectively, a capillary pipe with the outer diameter of 44mm and the wall thickness of 2mm is obtained, and then the core rod is taken out (without a rod-stripping process), so that the high-plasticity magnesium alloy pipe with the diameter of 44mm, the wall thickness of 2mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained.
The mechanical properties of the rolled pipe in this embodiment are as follows: the tensile strength is: 245 to 275Mpa, and the elongation after fracture: 8.75 to 16.35 percent.
Example two
The adopted blank is an extruded commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy tube blank, the original dimension specification is that the outer diameter phi 90 × wall thickness is 16mm ×, the length is 2500mm, the inner diameter phi 58mm of the used core rod is 58mm, the diameter phi 50mm of the step section is rolled by 5 times, the unilateral rolling reduction of the pass is respectively 4mm, 2.5mm, 1.5mm, 1.5mm and 0.5mm, the rod is taken off by a rod-off machine, the tube with the outer diameter phi 70 × wall thickness of 6mm × and the length of 7500mm is obtained after the sizing and the head cutting, the preheating temperature of a roller is 280 ℃, the necking temperature is 380 ℃, the unilateral rolling reduction of a jaw is 5mm, the preheating temperature of the core rod is 250 ℃, and MOS is coated on the surface of2A creamy lubricant; in the rolling process, the heating rate of the induction coil is as follows: 350 ℃/s and the axial feed rate is 0.85 m/s.
The mechanical properties of the rolled pipe in this embodiment are as follows: the tensile strength is: 280 MPa-315 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is as follows: 10.75 to 15.3 percent.
EXAMPLE III
The blank is an as-cast AZ61 magnesium alloy tube blank, the original size is that the outer diameter is 146mm, the wall thickness is × mm, the length is 20mm, the × length is 2000mm, the inner diameter of the used core rod is phi 105mm, the diameter of the step section is phi 96mm, the single-side reduction of the pass is respectively 3mm, 2.5mm, 2mm and 0.5mm, the necking temperature is 300 ℃, the single-side reduction is 8mm, the temperature rise of the induction coil is adjusted to 250 ℃, the axial propulsion speed of the core rod is 0.5m/s, the preheating temperature of the core rod is 250 ℃, the preheating temperature of the core rod is 280 ℃, the surface of the core rod is coated with MOS2And (3) emulsifying the lubricant, and removing the rod and sizing to finally obtain the tube with the outer diameter phi 121 ×, the wall thickness 8mm × and the length 5500 mm.
The mechanical properties of the rolled pipe in this embodiment are as follows: the tensile strength is: 285-317 Mpa, elongation after fracture: 13.5 to 17.4 percent.
The above description is only a part of the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and all other solutions obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A plastic working method of a high-performance magnesium alloy seamless tube long material is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following process flows:
the roller preheating stage: heating the roller by adopting a far infrared heating lamp tube, and rapidly heating the surface of the roller to 80-200 ℃;
(II) induction heating stage: one end of the tube blank is inserted into an induction coil, the magnesium alloy tube blank is inductively heated, the heating speed is 100 ℃/s-250 ℃/s, the core rod is inserted after the temperature is heated to 250-450 ℃, the unilateral clearance between the core rod and the inner surface of the tube blank is ensured to be 0.5 mmm-2.6 mm, and the core rod at the necking end is in a step shape;
(III) necking: conveying the heated tube blank and the core rod into a special necking pliers for necking, wherein the unilateral reduction is 1.5-8 mm in pressure according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the tube blank, the reduction speed is 0.5-1.6 mm/s, and the core rod is in contact with the inner wall of the tube blank and has a certain pressing force after necking;
(IV) a pipe jacking rolling procedure: the induction coil works, the temperature rise speed is 250 ℃/s-350 ℃/s, meanwhile, the core rod drives the tube blank after necking to be sent to a feeding roller for rolling, the pass reduction is determined according to the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the tube blank, the unilateral reduction is 0.75 mm-3.5 mm, the temperature is supplemented through the induction coil between passes, and the temperature rise speed is 50 ℃/s-150 ℃/s;
(V) a rod stripping and sizing process: after the rolled pipe is subjected to rod stripping by a rod feeding unit, drawing out a core rod, and cutting off the necking end of the pipe blank; after sizing, dividing the pipe into n sections according to the requirement;
the number of the jaw heads of the necking pliers used in the necking procedure is 3, and the jaws are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
before the first pass of the pipe jacking rolling procedure is started, the necking surface of the pipe blank is required to be coplanar with the rolling surface of the first pass roller.
2. The plastic working method of the high-performance magnesium alloy seamless tube long material according to the claim 1, characterized in that the necking and rolling processes of the tube are both carried out in a closed heat preservation box body, and the heat preservation material used in the heat preservation box is aerogel heat insulation cotton felt.
3. The plastic working method of a high-performance magnesium alloy seamless tube long product according to claim 1, characterized in that: the necking end of the core rod is in a step shape.
4. A plastic working method of a high-performance magnesium alloy seamless tube/long product according to claim 1, wherein in the pipe-jacking rolling step, the feed speed of the tube blank is 0.5m/s to 4m/s, and the number of passes of rolling is 2 to 8.
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| CN201810584710.1A CN109092898B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Plastic processing method for long high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe |
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| CN201810584710.1A CN109092898B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Plastic processing method for long high-performance magnesium alloy seamless pipe |
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| CN109092898B true CN109092898B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| CN111014302B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-07-23 | 杭州淳通新材料科技有限公司 | Multi-roller type seamless taper pipe ultra-precision forming device and seamless taper pipe forming process |
| CN112474871B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-06-10 | 太原科技大学 | Push rolling process of high-performance short-flow ribbed magnesium alloy seamless pipe |
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2018
- 2018-06-08 CN CN201810584710.1A patent/CN109092898B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPS6139121B2 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1986-09-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | |
| EP0788850B1 (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 2005-08-10 | JFE Steel Corporation | Steel pipe manufacturing method and apparatus |
| JP2001170706A (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-06-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and device for manufacturing steel tube |
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| JP2013099780A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-05-23 | Jfe Steel Corp | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-Cr SEAMLESS STEEL TUBE |
| CN106040743A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 太原科技大学 | Longitudinal continuous rolling technology of seamless magnesium alloy pipe |
| CN106345814A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 太原科技大学 | A production method for spiral welded magnesium alloy seamless tube |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| CPE 顶管机组顶管过程数值模拟;胡伟;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20170315;第B022-856页 * |
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