CN113237631A - Urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure based on underflow energy dissipation and energy dissipation method thereof - Google Patents

Urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure based on underflow energy dissipation and energy dissipation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113237631A
CN113237631A CN202110501484.8A CN202110501484A CN113237631A CN 113237631 A CN113237631 A CN 113237631A CN 202110501484 A CN202110501484 A CN 202110501484A CN 113237631 A CN113237631 A CN 113237631A
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water
energy dissipation
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accumulated water
flow
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CN113237631B (en
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梅超
刘家宏
燕文昌
王浩
杨志勇
邵薇薇
王佳
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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Abstract

The invention discloses an underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure and an energy dissipation method thereof, wherein the underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure comprises an energy dissipation pool arranged in a monitoring well; one end of the stilling pool is communicated with the water inlet through a slope, and the other end of the stilling pool is 90-degree in slope; and monitoring equipment is arranged in the monitoring well close to one side of the absorption basin with the 90-degree gradient. According to the invention, the structure of the stilling pool is arranged in the accumulated water monitoring well based on the underflow energy dissipation principle, so that water flow is promoted to generate hydraulic jump in the monitoring well, energy is consumed through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow, the fluctuation and impact of the accumulated water are weakened, the influence on accumulated water monitoring equipment is reduced, the impact and fluctuation of the accumulated water on the monitoring equipment can be effectively weakened, and therefore, the urban road surface accumulated water monitoring is more stable and accurate.

Description

Urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure based on underflow energy dissipation and energy dissipation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oscillation elimination of accumulated water depth monitoring in urban flooding, and particularly relates to an underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure and an energy dissipation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing aggravation of climate change and urbanization influence, urban flood disasters become more frequent, and serious influence and even loss are caused to the normal operation of cities, the development of economic society and the normal life of residents. One of the means of effectively coping with urban flood is to adopt the mode perception ponding water depth of water of monitoring promptly, be applied to city management with ponding monitoring data, like road traffic early warning, drainage rush repair, simulation forecast etc, in ponding monitoring, generally adopt the fluviograph based on pressure sensing formula and float formula, install it at easy waterlogging point, rivers realize the depth of water monitoring through also getting into the monitoring pond after little, owing to receive the influence of vehicle etc. the oscillation of water level has usually been monitored easily, ponding monitoring quality has been reduced, can bring certain adverse effect for urban drainage work, the work load of artificial judgement has been increased.
At present, urban waterlogging ponding mainly detects and transmits data through setting up the monitoring well on the road surface, and the device in the monitoring well is electron pressure gauge or electron water gauge, detects surface ponding according to the pressure variation or the ponding surface of water height of ponding. Under this kind of monitoring mode, ponding direct contact monitoring devices, the unstable fluctuation of ponding will cause the influence to the monitoring data stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure based on underflow energy dissipation and an energy dissipation method thereof aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, so as to solve the problem that accumulated water directly contacts a monitoring device, and the stability of monitoring data is affected by unstable fluctuation of the accumulated water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
on one hand, the structure for eliminating urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation based on underflow energy dissipation and the energy dissipation method thereof comprise an energy dissipation pool arranged in a monitoring well; one end of the stilling pool is communicated with the water inlet through a slope, and the other end of the stilling pool is 90-degree in slope; and monitoring equipment is arranged in the monitoring well close to one side of the absorption basin with the 90-degree gradient.
On the one hand, the energy dissipation method of the urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure based on underflow energy dissipation comprises the following steps:
calculating the flow rate of accumulated water fluctuation of the automobile running on the accumulated water road surface according to the running speed of the automobile and automobile tire parameters;
calculating the structural parameters of the stilling pool according to the flow velocity of the accumulated water fluctuation;
and calculating the energy dissipation efficiency of the stilling pool based on the structural parameters of the stilling pool, the flow velocity of the head end of the stilling pool and the flow velocity of the tail end of the stilling pool.
Further, the flow velocity v of the accumulated water fluctuation is calculated2：
Figure BDA0003056603530000021
Wherein w is the width of the automobile tire, and the time t required for the immersed part of the automobile tire in the accumulated water to advance to one body position is as follows:
Figure BDA0003056603530000022
Figure BDA0003056603530000023
wherein, c1The distance traveled by the vehicle tires, d is the diameter of the vehicle tires, v1The linear velocity of the movement of the automobile tire is a half of the angle from the center of the tire to the edge of the tire and the accumulated water.
Further, calculating the stilling pool structure parameters comprises the following steps:
D＝σh1-h2-ΔZ
Figure BDA0003056603530000024
Figure BDA0003056603530000025
Figure BDA0003056603530000031
wherein D is the depth of the stilling pool, sigma is the submergence coefficient, h1The conjugate water depth of the water inlet slope tail end contraction water depth is the jump water depth; h is2The water depth of the monitoring equipment in the well, delta Z is the water level drop of the outlet tank, alpha is the kinetic energy correction coefficient of water flow, q is the single width flow of the water inlet, g is the gravity acceleration, B1、B2Respectively the width of the front end and the rear end of the stilling pool, E0The accumulated water total head calculated for the bottom of the absorption basin,
Figure BDA0003056603530000036
is the flow rate coefficient and h is the depth of the surface water accumulation.
Further, the structural parameters of the stilling pool also comprise the length L of the stilling poolsj：
Lsj＝LS+βLj
Lj＝6.5·(h1-h3)
Wherein L issIs the horizontal length of the ramp; beta is the hydraulic jump length correction coefficient, LjIs the hydraulic jump length.
Further, calculating the energy dissipation efficiency k of the stilling basin:
Figure BDA0003056603530000032
Figure BDA0003056603530000033
Figure BDA0003056603530000034
wherein E is1Energy at the head end of the stilling pool for the water flow, E2Energy, v, for water flow at the end of stilling pooliIs the flow velocity v of water flow at the head end of the stilling pooljThe flow speed of the water flow at the tail end of the stilling pool is shown.
Further, according to the continuity equation of the water flow, the flow speed of the water flow at the tail end of the stilling pool is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003056603530000035
wherein v isjThe invention provides an underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure and an energy dissipation method thereof for the flow velocity of water flow at the tail end of a stilling basin, and the structure has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the structure of the stilling pool is arranged in the accumulated water monitoring well based on the underflow energy dissipation principle, so that water flow is promoted to generate hydraulic jump in the monitoring well, energy is consumed through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow, the fluctuation and impact of the accumulated water are weakened, the influence on accumulated water monitoring equipment is reduced, the impact and fluctuation of the accumulated water on the monitoring equipment can be effectively weakened, and therefore, the urban road surface accumulated water monitoring is more stable and accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a performance cell.
Fig. 2 shows the geometric parameters of a vehicle tire.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the submerged portion of the tire in water advanced one position.
Figure 4 is a flow chart of the energy dissipation method.
Wherein, 1, monitoring a well; 2. a water inlet; 3. a slope; 4. a first cross section; 5. a stilling pool; 6. a second cross section; 7. and (5) monitoring equipment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
According to an embodiment of the application, referring to fig. 1, the urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation eliminating structure based on underflow energy dissipation of the scheme comprises an energy dissipation pool 5 arranged in a monitoring well 1; one end of the stilling pool 5 is communicated with the water inlet 2 through a slope 3, the other end of the stilling pool 5 is at a 90-degree slope, and a monitoring device 7 is arranged in the monitoring well 1 close to one side of the stilling pool at the 90-degree slope.
According to the invention, the absorption well structure is arranged in the accumulated water monitoring well 1, so that water flow is promoted to generate hydraulic jump when entering the monitoring well 1, energy is consumed through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow, and fluctuation and impact of the accumulated water are weakened, so that the influence on the accumulated water monitoring equipment 7 is reduced.
According to an embodiment of the application, referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, an energy dissipation method of an underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure specifically includes:
and calculating the fluctuating flow rate of the automobile running on the water accumulation road surface according to the running speed of the automobile and the automobile tire parameters.
In general, the fluctuation of the surface water is mainly caused by the rapid running of the automobile, and the part calculates and analyzes the flow speed of the surface water fluctuation caused by the running of the automobile in the urban road under different conditions. The effect of the automobile on the accumulated water is mainly directly generated by the tire, the hub, the spoke, the rim and other structures of the automobile are regarded as a homogeneous cylinder in the calculation part, only the width and the diameter of the whole tire are considered, and the influence of other factors such as the structural material of the tire is not considered. In safety-warranted situations, the vehicle will not normally be driven in standing water at a depth exceeding the radius of the tire, so the default standing water depth in this calculation section is not greater than the tire radius.
With reference to fig. 2, the volume of the tire submerged in the water is calculated:
Figure BDA0003056603530000051
Figure BDA0003056603530000052
Figure BDA0003056603530000053
Figure BDA0003056603530000054
Figure BDA0003056603530000055
V3＝V1-V2
wherein h is the depth of the surface water accumulation and d1Is the diameter of the car tyre, w is the width S of the car tyre1To the length of the auxiliary line CD, S2Length of auxiliary line AD, V1For ACBE partial tire volume, V2For the ACBD partial tire volume, a is an angle of ACD, V3The volume of the tire submerged in the water is shown in detail in fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 3, the speed at which the vehicle travels is v0Linear velocity of vehicle tire movement is v1V. available0＝v1The time t required for the displacement of the immersed portion of the tyre in the water by one position, i.e. from BC to AB, is calculated, see in particular fig. 3:
Figure BDA0003056603530000061
wherein c is1The calculation method is that the length of the arc of the immersed part of the tire is as follows:
Figure BDA0003056603530000062
under the general driving speed of the automobile, t is usually extremely short, the action on accumulated water during the advancing of the tire can be considered as uniformly discharging towards two sides within the time t, the volume of water discharged from one side is 1/2 of the immersion volume of the tire in the accumulated water, so under the condition, the speed of the tire for discharging the accumulated water from one side close to the road surface is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003056603530000063
wherein v is2Is the flow rate of the accumulated water fluctuation.
Calculating parameters of the underflow energy dissipation structure;
calculating the depth of the stilling pool 5 as D:
D＝σh1-h2-ΔZ
wherein, sigma is a submergence coefficient and is 1.05-1.10; h is1The conjugate water depth of the water depth contracted at the tail end of the slope 3 of the water inlet 2 is the jump water depth; h is2The water depth of the monitoring equipment 7 in the well, and the delta Z is the water level drop of the outlet pool.
Figure BDA0003056603530000064
Wherein h is3The contracted water depth at the tail end of the slope 3 is the jump front water depth; alpha is the kinetic energy correction coefficient of the water flow and is 1.00-1.05; q is the single width flow of the water inlet 2; g is gravity acceleration, and is 9.81m/s2；B1、B2Respectively the front and rear end widths of the stilling pool 5.
Figure BDA0003056603530000065
Wherein E is0The accumulated water total head calculated for the bottom of the stilling pool 5,
Figure BDA0003056603530000066
is coefficient of flow velocityThe empirical value is taken to be 0.95.
Figure BDA0003056603530000071
Figure BDA0003056603530000072
Wherein Q is the flow into the monitoring well 1, B0For monitoring the width of the water inlet 2 of the well 1.
Q＝v2·B0·h0
Figure BDA0003056603530000073
Calculation of the length of the stilling pool 5:
Lsj＝LS+βLj
Lj＝6.5·(h1-h3)
wherein L issjTo eliminate the length of the force pool 5, LsThe horizontal length of the slope 3, beta is a hydraulic jump length correction coefficient, and beta is 0.7-0.8; l isjIs the hydraulic jump length.
Based on the structural parameters of the stilling pool 5, the flow rate of the head end of the stilling pool 5 and the flow rate of the tail end of the stilling pool 5, calculating the energy dissipation efficiency of the stilling pool 5, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the head end of the stilling pool 5 is made to be a first section 4, the tail end of the stilling pool 5 is made to be a second section 6, and the total energy of the water flow before entering the stilling pool 5, namely the energy of the first section 4 is as follows:
Figure BDA0003056603530000074
wherein v isiThe total energy of the water flow before flowing out of the stilling pool 5, namely the energy of the second section 6, is:
Figure BDA0003056603530000075
wherein v isjThe flow velocity at section 2.
According to the continuity equation of the water flow:
B1vih3＝B2vjh1
Figure BDA0003056603530000081
calculating the energy dissipation efficiency as k:
Figure BDA0003056603530000082
according to one embodiment of the application, on urban roads, mainly cars, off-road vehicles and SUVs, the general driving speed is 20-60km/h, and the tire size standard is generally in the range of 155/65R13-295/30R20 according to different vehicle types. In the calculation and verification process, the running speed of the automobile is averaged to 40km/h, the size of the automobile tire is converted by parameters, the width is between 155 and 295mm, the average value is 225mm, the diameter is between 431 and 597mm, and the average value is 514 mm. The water accumulated on the road surface is 15cm, namely the height difference from the running road surface of the automobile to the sidewalk under the ordinary condition.
Through calculation, the volume V of water drained by the automobile tire in an ideal state3About 0.011m3The flow rate of the drained accumulated water is v22.163 m/s. According to the design, the width of the water inlet 2 of the monitoring well 1 is 0.5m, the height is 0.05m, and the flow Q entering the monitoring well 1 is calculated to be 0.054m3/s。
Firstly, the depth of a stilling pool 5 in the underflow energy dissipation structure is assumed to be 0.05m, and the underflow energy dissipation structure is calculated. Accumulated water total head E calculated from bottom 5 of stilling pool00.389m, where the kinetic energy correction factor alpha is 1,
Figure BDA0003056603530000083
The flow velocity coefficient is calculated by taking an empirical value of 0.95 to obtain the shrinkage water depth h3Is 0.041m (here the equation has three solutions, pick symbols)The value of the actual situation is taken as the final solution), the result is substituted into the calculation to obtain the water depth h after jump1Is 0.186. Suppose that the depth of water h at the monitoring device 7 is2The water level difference delta Z of the effluent pool is 0.05m, and the calculated result is 0.029 m. The depth of the stilling pool 5 obtained by calculation is 0.046m, and is smaller than the design value of 0.05m, which indicates that the design is reasonable. The length of the stilling pool 5 (including the slope 3) is calculated to be 0.75 m.
And substituting the calculation result into an energy dissipation efficiency calculation process for verification, wherein the water energy at the position of the first section 4 before the hydraulic jump is 0.480m, the water energy at the position of the second section 6 after the hydraulic jump is 0.189m, and the energy dissipation efficiency is 61%, so that the structure provided by the invention can effectively reduce and weaken the influence of accumulated water fluctuation.
While the embodiments of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a structure is eliminated in city ponding monitoring oscillation based on underflow energy dissipation which characterized in that: the absorption basin is arranged in the monitoring well; one end of the stilling pool is communicated with the water inlet through a slope, and the other end of the stilling pool is 90-degree in slope; and monitoring equipment is arranged in the monitoring well close to one side of the absorption basin with the 90-degree gradient.
2. An energy dissipation method of the underflow energy dissipation based urban ponding monitoring oscillation elimination structure, according to claim 1, comprising:
calculating the flow rate of accumulated water fluctuation of the automobile running on the accumulated water road surface according to the running speed of the automobile and automobile tire parameters;
calculating the structural parameters of the stilling pool according to the flow velocity of the accumulated water fluctuation;
and calculating the energy dissipation efficiency of the stilling pool based on the structural parameters of the stilling pool, the flow velocity of the head end of the stilling pool and the flow velocity of the tail end of the stilling pool.
3. A kind ofThe energy dissipation method of the underflow energy dissipation-based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure, as recited in claim 2, wherein a flow velocity v of accumulated water fluctuation is calculated2：
Figure FDA0003056603520000011
Wherein w is the width of the automobile tire, and the time t required for the immersed part of the automobile tire in the accumulated water to advance to one body position is as follows:
Figure FDA0003056603520000012
Figure FDA0003056603520000013
wherein, c1The distance traveled by the vehicle tires, d is the diameter of the vehicle tires, v1The linear velocity of the movement of the automobile tire is a half of the angle from the center of the tire to the edge of the tire and the accumulated water.
4. An energy dissipation method of the underflow energy dissipation based urban ponding monitoring oscillation elimination structure, according to claim 3, wherein calculating the stilling basin structure parameters comprises:
D＝σh1-h2-ΔZ
Figure FDA0003056603520000021
Figure FDA0003056603520000022
Figure FDA0003056603520000023
wherein D is the depth of the stilling pool, sigma is the submergence coefficient, h1The conjugate water depth of the water inlet slope tail end contraction water depth is the jump water depth; h is2The water depth of the monitoring equipment in the well, delta Z is the water level drop of the outlet tank, alpha is the kinetic energy correction coefficient of water flow, q is the single width flow of the water inlet, g is the gravity acceleration, B1、B2Respectively the width of the front end and the rear end of the stilling pool, E0The accumulated water total head calculated for the bottom of the absorption basin,
Figure FDA0003056603520000027
is the flow rate coefficient and h is the depth of the surface water accumulation.
5. The energy dissipation method of the structure for monitoring and oscillating urban accumulated water based on underflow energy dissipation according to claim 4, wherein the parameters of the stilling basin structure further comprise the length L of the stilling basinsj：
Lsj＝LS+βLj
Lj＝6.5·(h1-h3)
Wherein L issIs the horizontal length of the ramp; beta is the hydraulic jump length correction coefficient, LjIs the hydraulic jump length.
6. An energy dissipation method of the underflow energy dissipation based urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure is characterized in that the energy dissipation efficiency k of a stilling basin is calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0003056603520000024
Figure FDA0003056603520000025
Figure FDA0003056603520000026
wherein E is1Energy at the head end of the stilling pool for the water flow, E2Energy, v, for water flow at the end of stilling pooliIs the flow velocity v of water flow at the head end of the stilling pooljThe flow speed of the water flow at the tail end of the stilling pool is shown.
7. An energy dissipation method of the urban accumulated water monitoring oscillation elimination structure based on underflow energy dissipation according to claim 6, wherein the flow velocity of the water flow at the tail end of the stilling basin is calculated according to the continuity equation of the water flow as follows:
Figure FDA0003056603520000031
wherein v isjThe flow speed of the water flow at the tail end of the stilling pool is shown.
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