CN113231585A - 500bar high-pressure oil rail forging process for stainless steel gasoline - Google Patents
500bar high-pressure oil rail forging process for stainless steel gasoline Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113231585A CN113231585A CN202110476696.5A CN202110476696A CN113231585A CN 113231585 A CN113231585 A CN 113231585A CN 202110476696 A CN202110476696 A CN 202110476696A CN 113231585 A CN113231585 A CN 113231585A
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure oil
- stainless steel
- forging
- oil rail
- 500bar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K3/00—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/085—Iron or steel solutions containing HNO3
Abstract
The invention relates to a 500bar high-pressure oil rail forging process for stainless steel gasoline, which comprises the following steps: (1) inspecting the raw materials; (2) forging the raw materials qualified in inspection to prepare the high-pressure oil rail, and specifically comprises the following steps: blanking, heating to prepare a blank, pre-forging, finish forging, trimming, air cooling, shot blasting, heat treatment welding, hot upsetting, cold upsetting and acid pickling; (3) and (5) carrying out product inspection on the forged product, and cleaning and packaging the product which is qualified through inspection. The process of the invention adopts specific processes of air cooling, heat treatment welding, hot upsetting, cold heading and penetration flaw detection aiming at the characteristics of sensitization temperature of the stainless steel material, no magnetism of the material and the like to ensure the product performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure oil rail manufacturing, in particular to a forging process for a stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500 bar.
Background
The stainless steel high-pressure oil rail of the gasoline engine is formed by assembling and welding parts, and along with the gradual improvement of the national requirements on automobile emission, all automobile manufacturers meet the emission requirements by reducing the discharge capacity and improving the working pressure of the engine. Along with the improvement of the working pressure of the engine, the reliability and fatigue resistance of the oil rail in an assembly welding mode can be greatly reduced under the condition that the working pressure is more than 250bar, and the threat to a user can be brought. Therefore, most of the oil rails with the working pressure of more than 250bar adopt the mode of integral forging machining.
At present, the working pressure of a domestic four-generation EA888 engine fuel system of the public group is 350bar, and a high-pressure oil rail is added to an integral stainless steel forging machine. The working pressure of a fifth generation EA888 engine fuel system is increased to 500bar, which further improves the performance of the current 350bar fuel rail body. And the traditional stainless steel oil rail forging process cannot meet the durability of the rail body under the working pressure of 500bar and the long-time corrosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a forging process for a stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar so as to obtain the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail meeting the high pressure of 500bar and meet the use requirements of practical application.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a forging process for a stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar comprises the following steps:
(1) inspecting the raw materials;
(2) forging the raw materials qualified in inspection to prepare the high-pressure oil rail, and specifically comprises the following steps: blanking, heating to prepare a blank, pre-forging, finish forging, trimming, air cooling, shot blasting, heat treatment welding, hot upsetting, cold upsetting and acid pickling;
(3) and (5) carrying out product inspection on the forged product, and cleaning and packaging the product which is qualified through inspection.
The process of the invention adopts specific processes of air cooling, hot heading, cold heading and penetrant inspection to ensure the product performance aiming at the characteristics of sensitization temperature of the stainless steel material, no magnetism of the material and the like.
Further, the step (1) of inspecting the raw material comprises macrostructure inspection, non-metallic inclusion inspection and chemical composition analysis.
Further, the blanking in the step (2) is to cut and blank the bar stock according to the standard length by a circular saw or a band saw.
Further, the heating blank making temperature in the step (2) is 1100-1300 ℃, preferably 1200 ℃.
Further, the product shape is forged in the pre-forging and the finish forging, and the trimming is to cut off the product flash.
Further, the shot blasting is to remove black skin on the surface of the product.
Further, the hot upsetting treatment is carried out on the end cap end of the high-pressure oil rail, and the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through local material hot extrusion hardening, so that the hardness is higher than HB 210.
Further, the cold heading treatment is to perform cold heading treatment on the oil inlet end of the high-pressure oil rail, and the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through local material cold extrusion hardening, wherein the hardness is more than HB 300.
Further, the corrosion resistance of the rail body is improved by carrying out surface passivation treatment through acid washing, and the specific flow of the acid washing is as follows:
(1) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(2) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(3) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(4) passivating with 35-40% HNO3+ 8-10% HF for 30min without heating;
(5) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(6) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(7) washing with water, deionized water, and removing acid for 3-5 min;
(8) washing with hot water, heating with deionized water to 80-90 deg.C for 3-5min, and drying and dewatering;
(9) and (5) drying and naturally airing.
Further, the forged product is subjected to product inspection in a penetration flaw detection mode, and the product is cleaned by ultrasonic waves.
Compared with the prior art, the method is used for forging the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail, the stainless steel sensitization temperature is 480-820 ℃, air cooling is adopted to accelerate cooling, and the hardness of the rail body is HB 140-190. The stainless steel has no magnetism after being dissolved, so that the surface quality can not be detected by a diesel oil rail magnetic particle inspection method, and a penetration inspection method is adopted to detect the surface quality. The hot pier process, the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through the hot extrusion hardening of local materials, and the hardness is more than HB 210; the cold heading process is that the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through the cold extrusion hardening of local materials, and the hardness is more than HB 300; and in the pickling process, the rail body is subjected to surface passivation treatment through pickling to improve the corrosion resistance of the rail body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a 500bar high pressure oil rail forging process for stainless steel gasoline comprises the following steps:
(1) inspecting the raw materials;
(2) forging the raw materials qualified in inspection to prepare the high-pressure oil rail, and specifically comprises the following steps: blanking, heating to prepare a blank, pre-forging, finish forging, trimming, air cooling, shot blasting, heat treatment welding, hot upsetting, cold upsetting and acid pickling;
(3) and (5) carrying out product inspection on the forged product, and cleaning and packaging the product which is qualified through inspection.
The step (1) of inspecting the raw materials comprises macrostructure inspection, non-metallic inclusion inspection and chemical composition analysis.
And (2) cutting and blanking the bar stock according to the standard length by using a circular saw or a band saw.
The heating and blank-making temperature in the step (2) is 1200 ℃.
And performing pre-forging and finish forging to obtain the shape of the product, wherein the trimming is to cut off the flash of the product.
And the shot blasting is to remove black skin on the surface of the product.
The hot pier treatment is to perform hot pier treatment on a plug end of the high-pressure oil rail, and the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through local material hot extrusion hardening, so that the hardness is higher than HB 210.
The cold heading treatment is to perform cold heading treatment on the oil inlet end of the high-pressure oil rail, and the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through local material cold extrusion hardening, and the hardness is more than HB 300.
The corrosion resistance of the rail body is improved by carrying out surface passivation treatment through acid washing, and the specific flow of the acid washing is as follows:
(1) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(2) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(3) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(4) passivating with 35-40% HNO3+ 8-10% HF for 30min without heating;
(5) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(6) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(7) washing with water, deionized water, and removing acid for 3-5 min;
(8) washing with hot water, heating with deionized water to 80-90 deg.C for 3-5min, and drying and dewatering;
(9) and (5) drying and naturally airing.
And (3) inspecting the forged product in a penetrant inspection mode, and cleaning the product by ultrasonic cleaning. The stainless steel sensitization temperature is 480-820 ℃, air cooling is adopted to accelerate cooling, the hardness of a rail body is HB140-190, and a penetration flaw detection method is adopted to detect the surface quality. The hot pier process, the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through the hot extrusion hardening of local materials, and the hardness is more than HB 210; the cold heading process is that the local hardness is higher than that of the rail body through the cold extrusion hardening of local materials, and the hardness is more than HB 300; and in the pickling process, the rail body is subjected to surface passivation treatment through pickling to improve the corrosion resistance of the rail body.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A500 bar high-pressure oil rail forging process for stainless steel gasoline is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inspecting the raw materials;
(2) forging the raw materials qualified in inspection to prepare the high-pressure oil rail, and specifically comprises the following steps: blanking, heating to prepare a blank, pre-forging, finish forging, trimming, air cooling, shot blasting, heat treatment welding, hot upsetting, cold upsetting and acid pickling;
(3) and (5) carrying out product inspection on the forged product, and cleaning and packaging the product which is qualified through inspection.
2. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar of claim 1, wherein the raw material inspection in the step (1) comprises macrostructure inspection, non-metallic inclusion inspection and chemical composition analysis.
3. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar of claim 1, wherein the blanking in the step (2) is to cut and blank the bar stock according to a standard length by a circular saw or a band saw.
4. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline 500bar high-pressure oil rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating and blank-making temperature in the step (2) is 1100-1300 ℃.
5. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar of claim 1, wherein the pre-forging and the finish-forging are used for forging the shape of a product, and the edge cutting is used for cutting off the flash of the product.
6. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline 500bar high-pressure oil rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shot blasting is to remove black skin on the surface of the product.
7. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline 500bar high-pressure oil rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot-upsetting treatment is a hot-upsetting treatment on a plug end of the high-pressure oil rail, and the local hardness is higher than that of a rail body through local material hot extrusion hardening, so that the hardness is higher than HB 210.
8. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail of 500bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold heading treatment is a cold heading treatment on an oil inlet end of the high-pressure oil rail, and local hardness is higher than that of a rail body through local material cold extrusion hardening, and the hardness is more than HB 300.
9. The forging process for the stainless steel gasoline high-pressure oil rail at 500bar of claim 1, wherein the surface passivation treatment is carried out by acid pickling to improve the corrosion resistance of the rail body, and the specific flow of the acid pickling is as follows:
(1) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(2) acid washing with 15-20% HNO3+ 5-8% HF and industrial water for 25min without heating;
(3) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(4) passivating with 35-40% HNO3+ 8-10% HF for 30min without heating;
(5) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(6) washing with industrial water for 3-5min, and removing acid;
(7) washing with water, deionized water, and removing acid for 3-5 min;
(8) washing with hot water, heating with deionized water to 80-90 deg.C for 3-5min, and drying and dewatering;
(9) and (5) drying and naturally airing.
10. The forging process of the high-pressure oil rail for the stainless steel gasoline at 500bar according to claim 1, wherein the forged product is subjected to product inspection in a penetration inspection mode, and the product is cleaned by ultrasonic waves.
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