CN113229006A - Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust - Google Patents

Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113229006A
CN113229006A CN202110569321.3A CN202110569321A CN113229006A CN 113229006 A CN113229006 A CN 113229006A CN 202110569321 A CN202110569321 A CN 202110569321A CN 113229006 A CN113229006 A CN 113229006A
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Prior art keywords
larvae
fruit tree
trunk
adhesive tape
cicadas
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岳兰菊
蒋进
常洁
丁瑞芳
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, which comprises the following steps: (1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk; (2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape; (3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae. According to the method, the adhesive tape is wound around the base of the tree body aiming at the life habit of the locust larvae, when the larvae climb up the tree after unearthed, the adhesive tape can only stay at the lower edge of the adhesive tape because the surface of the adhesive tape is smooth and cannot cross the adhesive tape, so that the larvae can be captured by manpower without difficulty.

Description

Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree pest control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas.
Background
The cicada is an important pest of fruit trees and forestry in sandy land, because the body of the cicada is large, the juice absorbed by the larva on the root of the cicada is live for three years, the larva lives in the root soil for three years, the larva climbs the tree after coming out of the soil and molts to become the juice nutrition absorbed by the adult insect and absorbs the branch, particularly, the female adult continuously stabs a hole on the branch and spawns to make the branch tip cortex form an oblique crack, the branch tip on the upper part of the crack is dry, the adult cicada causes full tree and dead tips when the occurrence is serious, and the adult cicada flies away once a person approaches the adult cicada.
The cicadas are difficult to use drugs for control, in the conventional method, larvae or tender adults which just exuviate are caught by manual lighting of an electric lamp in the evening, once the cicadas get on the trees, the cicadas are difficult to catch, in pest control, the cicadas are large in size and cannot be killed by pesticides, and once the cicadas get close, the cicadas fly away, so that the cicadas are difficult to control in an orchard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preventing and controlling important pests, namely cicadas, of fruit trees and forestry.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for preventing and controlling cicada, an important pest in fruit trees and forestry, is to use a smooth adhesive tape to wind a trunk for a circle at the base of a trunk of a fruit tree and separate the exposed trunk epidermis at the upper side and the lower side.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae.
Furthermore, in the step 1, the wound part of the adhesive tape is 45-55cm high at the base of the trunk, and the winding width is 5-10 cm.
Furthermore, in the step 3, the cicada larvae can be fried to be cooked by edible oil after being washed or cooked by edible oil in an iron pan, and can be eaten as a delicious food to kill pests.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust and further comprises the step of burying and applying a systemic insecticide at the root of a fruit tree, wherein the systemic insecticide is prepared by mixing an aqueous extract of neem seeds and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine in a mass ratio of 1: 99 by mixing.
Further, the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 4-6 times of 50-60 deg.C water, stirring for 8-12 hr, filtering, collecting water extractive solution and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1-2 times under the same conditions, and mixing extractive solutions.
Furthermore, the embedding method specifically comprises the following steps: before the locust larvae are stung, an annular ditch is formed in the periphery of the position 0.5-1 m away from the fruit trees, the systemic toxicant is buried and applied in the ditch, and then soil is covered and compacted.
Preferably, the burying amount of the systemic bactericide is adjusted according to the breast diameter of a fruit tree, and 180g of the systemic bactericide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of the systemic bactericide is applied at 8-10cm, and 400g of the systemic bactericide is applied at more than 10 cm.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the method, aiming at the life habit of the cicada larvae, the adhesive tapes are wound around the base parts of the tree bodies, when the larvae climb up the trees after the larvae are unearthed, the adhesive tapes can only stay at the lower edges of the adhesive tapes because the surfaces of the adhesive tapes are smooth and cannot cross the adhesive tapes, so that the larvae can be captured manually, 6-10 larvae can be captured at one time by the lower edges of each wound adhesive tape, the efficiency of manual capture without the adhesive tapes in the prior art is greatly improved, the harm of the cicada to the fruit trees is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the material cost used by the adhesive tapes is low, the time cost is low, the deployment is convenient and fast, the captured cicada larvae are delicious, the enthusiasm of fruit growers can be effectively mobilized, the efficiency of the fruit trees for preventing and controlling the cicada is obviously improved, and the efficiency of capturing the fruit trees is improved by 20-50 times compared with the conventional manual capturing efficiency.
The invention also uses the systemic insecticide, after the systemic insecticide is buried around the tree body, the pesticide dissolved in water can be directly absorbed through the roots of the tree while absorbing nutrition and moisture and is transported upwards along with the guide pipe, and the pesticide components can be absorbed together when the cicada inhales the sap of the tree, thereby playing the role of systemic insecticide.
The method can effectively control the quantity of the cicada pests in economic tree species of the orchard, effectively control the cicada pests on fruit trees and forestry, and is suitable for popularization and application in various orchard forest farms.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the specific examples as follows:
example 1
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by using the adhesive tape around the trunk, wherein the height of the adhesive tape is 50cm from the base of the trunk of the forest fruit tree, and the winding width is 8 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.7 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 55 ℃ water with the mass of 5 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 10 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Example 2
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by the adhesive tape at the height of 45cm at the base of the trunk, wherein the winding width is 5 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.5 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 50 ℃ water 4 times of the mass of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 12 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1 time according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Example 3
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by the adhesive tape at the height of 55cm at the base of the trunk, wherein the winding width is 10 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 1 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poison is buried and applied into the groove, the burying and applying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 60 ℃ water with the mass of 6 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 8 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the method does not adopt a tape winding mode, only adopts the inner-absorption bactericide for burying, and comprises the following specific steps:
a method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.7 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 55 ℃ water with the mass of 5 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 10 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the adhesive tape winding mode is not adopted, and the inner-absorption bactericide is not adopted for burying application.
Comparative example 3
The method of capturing larvae by manual lighting in the evening is adopted.
The tests of the above methods were carried out in the test parks in the Dangshan gardening field for 3 consecutive years 2018, 2019 and 2020, and the insect population density of the trees was accurately measured 2 months after the control methods of the above examples, and the results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
2018 (Only/plant) 2019 (Only/plant) 2020 (Only/plant)
Example 1 76 41 22
Example 2 92 67 45
Example 3 88 50 36
Comparative example 1 328 341 310
Comparative example 2 657 712 689
Comparative example 3 215 198 184
As can be seen from the above table, the number of the cicadas in the examples 1 to 3 is significantly reduced compared with that in the comparative example, and meanwhile, the method of separately applying the systemic poisoning agent for burying can reduce nearly half of the number of the cicadas, so that the method is proved to have excellent poisoning effect on the cicadas, and meanwhile, the common use effect of the tape winding and the systemic poisoning agent for burying is more significant, so that the effect of controlling the cicadas is basically achieved, the comparative example 3 is observed, although the population density can be greatly reduced by manual capture, the labor cost is too high, and the long-term control of the cicadas is not suitable, and the examples 1 to 3 can also show that the number of the cicadas in the test garden is reduced in successive years along with the continuous use of the method, namely, the continuous use of the method can improve the number of the cicadas in the garden, prevent rebound, and have an ideal control level.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for preventing and controlling cicada which is an important pest in fruit trees and forestry is characterized in that a smooth adhesive tape is used for winding a trunk for a circle at the base of a trunk of a fruit tree, and the exposed trunk epidermis on the upper side and the lower side is separated.
2. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae.
3. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 2, wherein the wound part of the adhesive tape in the step 1 is 45-55cm in height of the base of the trunk, and the winding width is 5-10 cm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the cicada larvae in step 3 can be elutriated and then fried with edible oil or kang-cooked with edible oil in an iron pan, and eaten as a delicacy to exterminate pests.
5. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 1, further comprising applying systemic pesticide in the root of the fruit tree in a buried manner.
6. The method for controlling cicadas as an important pest in fruit trees and forestry according to claim 5, wherein the systemic fungicide is prepared from an aqueous extract of neem seeds and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99 by mixing.
7. The method for controlling cicadas as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed water extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 4-6 times of 50-60 deg.C water, stirring for 8-12 hr, filtering, collecting water extractive solution and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1-2 times under the same conditions, and mixing extractive solutions.
8. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 5, wherein the burying method specifically comprises the following steps: before the locust larvae are stung, an annular ditch is formed in the periphery of the position 0.5-1 m away from the fruit trees, the systemic toxicant is buried and applied in the ditch, and then soil is covered and compacted.
9. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 8, wherein the burying amount of the systemic toxicant is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide application is carried out at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide application is carried out at 8-10cm, and 400g of pesticide application is carried out at more than 10 cm.
CN202110569321.3A 2021-05-25 2021-05-25 Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust Pending CN113229006A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN104322331A (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-02-04 谢伟民 Insect damage prevention method for fruit trees
CN106719838A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 恒大园林集团有限公司 A kind of complex ecological agricultural chemicals and preparation method thereof
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CN110959616A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-07 湖北大学 Plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102907403A (en) * 2012-11-02 2013-02-06 叶卸妹 Method for luring, catching and killing citrus black cicadas
CN104322331A (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-02-04 谢伟民 Insect damage prevention method for fruit trees
CN106719838A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 恒大园林集团有限公司 A kind of complex ecological agricultural chemicals and preparation method thereof
CN107896758A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-13 林鑫 A kind of control method of citrus black cicada
CN110959616A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-07 湖北大学 Plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof

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