CN113229006A - Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust Download PDFInfo
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- CN113229006A CN113229006A CN202110569321.3A CN202110569321A CN113229006A CN 113229006 A CN113229006 A CN 113229006A CN 202110569321 A CN202110569321 A CN 202110569321A CN 113229006 A CN113229006 A CN 113229006A
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- cicadas
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241000931705 Cicada Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000005343 Azadirachta indica Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000013500 Melia azadirachta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000254137 Cicadidae Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isomatrine Natural products C1CCC2CN3C(=O)CCCC3C3C2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N Matrine Chemical compound C1CC[C@H]2CN3C(=O)CCC[C@@H]3[C@@H]3[C@H]2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930014456 matrine Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, which comprises the following steps: (1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk; (2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape; (3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae. According to the method, the adhesive tape is wound around the base of the tree body aiming at the life habit of the locust larvae, when the larvae climb up the tree after unearthed, the adhesive tape can only stay at the lower edge of the adhesive tape because the surface of the adhesive tape is smooth and cannot cross the adhesive tape, so that the larvae can be captured by manpower without difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree pest control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas.
Background
The cicada is an important pest of fruit trees and forestry in sandy land, because the body of the cicada is large, the juice absorbed by the larva on the root of the cicada is live for three years, the larva lives in the root soil for three years, the larva climbs the tree after coming out of the soil and molts to become the juice nutrition absorbed by the adult insect and absorbs the branch, particularly, the female adult continuously stabs a hole on the branch and spawns to make the branch tip cortex form an oblique crack, the branch tip on the upper part of the crack is dry, the adult cicada causes full tree and dead tips when the occurrence is serious, and the adult cicada flies away once a person approaches the adult cicada.
The cicadas are difficult to use drugs for control, in the conventional method, larvae or tender adults which just exuviate are caught by manual lighting of an electric lamp in the evening, once the cicadas get on the trees, the cicadas are difficult to catch, in pest control, the cicadas are large in size and cannot be killed by pesticides, and once the cicadas get close, the cicadas fly away, so that the cicadas are difficult to control in an orchard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preventing and controlling important pests, namely cicadas, of fruit trees and forestry.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for preventing and controlling cicada, an important pest in fruit trees and forestry, is to use a smooth adhesive tape to wind a trunk for a circle at the base of a trunk of a fruit tree and separate the exposed trunk epidermis at the upper side and the lower side.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae.
Furthermore, in the step 1, the wound part of the adhesive tape is 45-55cm high at the base of the trunk, and the winding width is 5-10 cm.
Furthermore, in the step 3, the cicada larvae can be fried to be cooked by edible oil after being washed or cooked by edible oil in an iron pan, and can be eaten as a delicious food to kill pests.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust and further comprises the step of burying and applying a systemic insecticide at the root of a fruit tree, wherein the systemic insecticide is prepared by mixing an aqueous extract of neem seeds and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine in a mass ratio of 1: 99 by mixing.
Further, the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 4-6 times of 50-60 deg.C water, stirring for 8-12 hr, filtering, collecting water extractive solution and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1-2 times under the same conditions, and mixing extractive solutions.
Furthermore, the embedding method specifically comprises the following steps: before the locust larvae are stung, an annular ditch is formed in the periphery of the position 0.5-1 m away from the fruit trees, the systemic toxicant is buried and applied in the ditch, and then soil is covered and compacted.
Preferably, the burying amount of the systemic bactericide is adjusted according to the breast diameter of a fruit tree, and 180g of the systemic bactericide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of the systemic bactericide is applied at 8-10cm, and 400g of the systemic bactericide is applied at more than 10 cm.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the method, aiming at the life habit of the cicada larvae, the adhesive tapes are wound around the base parts of the tree bodies, when the larvae climb up the trees after the larvae are unearthed, the adhesive tapes can only stay at the lower edges of the adhesive tapes because the surfaces of the adhesive tapes are smooth and cannot cross the adhesive tapes, so that the larvae can be captured manually, 6-10 larvae can be captured at one time by the lower edges of each wound adhesive tape, the efficiency of manual capture without the adhesive tapes in the prior art is greatly improved, the harm of the cicada to the fruit trees is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the material cost used by the adhesive tapes is low, the time cost is low, the deployment is convenient and fast, the captured cicada larvae are delicious, the enthusiasm of fruit growers can be effectively mobilized, the efficiency of the fruit trees for preventing and controlling the cicada is obviously improved, and the efficiency of capturing the fruit trees is improved by 20-50 times compared with the conventional manual capturing efficiency.
The invention also uses the systemic insecticide, after the systemic insecticide is buried around the tree body, the pesticide dissolved in water can be directly absorbed through the roots of the tree while absorbing nutrition and moisture and is transported upwards along with the guide pipe, and the pesticide components can be absorbed together when the cicada inhales the sap of the tree, thereby playing the role of systemic insecticide.
The method can effectively control the quantity of the cicada pests in economic tree species of the orchard, effectively control the cicada pests on fruit trees and forestry, and is suitable for popularization and application in various orchard forest farms.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the specific examples as follows:
example 1
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by using the adhesive tape around the trunk, wherein the height of the adhesive tape is 50cm from the base of the trunk of the forest fruit tree, and the winding width is 8 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.7 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 55 ℃ water with the mass of 5 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 10 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Example 2
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by the adhesive tape at the height of 45cm at the base of the trunk, wherein the winding width is 5 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.5 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 50 ℃ water 4 times of the mass of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 12 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1 time according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Example 3
A method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle by the adhesive tape at the height of 55cm at the base of the trunk, wherein the winding width is 10 cm;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) washing collected cicada larvae, frying with edible oil or baking with edible oil in an iron pan, and eating as a delicious food to kill pests.
(4) Before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 1 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poison is buried and applied into the groove, the burying and applying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 60 ℃ water with the mass of 6 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 8 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the method does not adopt a tape winding mode, only adopts the inner-absorption bactericide for burying, and comprises the following specific steps:
a method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pests, namely locust, specifically comprises the following steps:
before the locust larvae are stung, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of a position 0.7 m away from a fruit tree, a systemic poisoning agent is buried in the groove, the burying amount is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide is applied at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide is applied at 8-10cm, 400g of pesticide is applied at more than 10cm, and soil is covered and treaded after finishing.
The systemic bactericide is prepared from neem seed water extract and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed aqueous extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 55 ℃ water with the mass of 5 times of that of the neem seeds, continuously stirring for 10 hours, filtering and collecting water extract and the neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 2 times according to the same conditions, and combining the extract to obtain the neem seed extract.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the adhesive tape winding mode is not adopted, and the inner-absorption bactericide is not adopted for burying application.
Comparative example 3
The method of capturing larvae by manual lighting in the evening is adopted.
The tests of the above methods were carried out in the test parks in the Dangshan gardening field for 3 consecutive years 2018, 2019 and 2020, and the insect population density of the trees was accurately measured 2 months after the control methods of the above examples, and the results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
2018 (Only/plant) | 2019 (Only/plant) | 2020 (Only/plant) | |
Example 1 | 76 | 41 | 22 |
Example 2 | 92 | 67 | 45 |
Example 3 | 88 | 50 | 36 |
Comparative example 1 | 328 | 341 | 310 |
Comparative example 2 | 657 | 712 | 689 |
Comparative example 3 | 215 | 198 | 184 |
As can be seen from the above table, the number of the cicadas in the examples 1 to 3 is significantly reduced compared with that in the comparative example, and meanwhile, the method of separately applying the systemic poisoning agent for burying can reduce nearly half of the number of the cicadas, so that the method is proved to have excellent poisoning effect on the cicadas, and meanwhile, the common use effect of the tape winding and the systemic poisoning agent for burying is more significant, so that the effect of controlling the cicadas is basically achieved, the comparative example 3 is observed, although the population density can be greatly reduced by manual capture, the labor cost is too high, and the long-term control of the cicadas is not suitable, and the examples 1 to 3 can also show that the number of the cicadas in the test garden is reduced in successive years along with the continuous use of the method, namely, the continuous use of the method can improve the number of the cicadas in the garden, prevent rebound, and have an ideal control level.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing and controlling cicada which is an important pest in fruit trees and forestry is characterized in that a smooth adhesive tape is used for winding a trunk for a circle at the base of a trunk of a fruit tree, and the exposed trunk epidermis on the upper side and the lower side is separated.
2. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before the locust larvae are stung, using an adhesive tape with a smooth surface to wind the trunk of the forest fruit tree for a circle around the trunk;
(2) after the cicada larvae come out of the peak of hibernation at evening, the cicada larvae are picked up, contained and collected and taken away under the trunk-wound adhesive tape;
(3) and killing or cooking the collected cicada larvae.
3. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 2, wherein the wound part of the adhesive tape in the step 1 is 45-55cm in height of the base of the trunk, and the winding width is 5-10 cm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the cicada larvae in step 3 can be elutriated and then fried with edible oil or kang-cooked with edible oil in an iron pan, and eaten as a delicacy to exterminate pests.
5. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 1, further comprising applying systemic pesticide in the root of the fruit tree in a buried manner.
6. The method for controlling cicadas as an important pest in fruit trees and forestry according to claim 5, wherein the systemic fungicide is prepared from an aqueous extract of neem seeds and 1000 times of 0.4% matrine by mass ratio of 1: 99 by mixing.
7. The method for controlling cicadas as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the neem seed water extract comprises the following steps: putting neem seeds into 4-6 times of 50-60 deg.C water, stirring for 8-12 hr, filtering, collecting water extractive solution and neem seeds, extracting the seeds with water for 1-2 times under the same conditions, and mixing extractive solutions.
8. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 5, wherein the burying method specifically comprises the following steps: before the locust larvae are stung, an annular ditch is formed in the periphery of the position 0.5-1 m away from the fruit trees, the systemic toxicant is buried and applied in the ditch, and then soil is covered and compacted.
9. The method for controlling important fruit tree and forestry pest cicadas according to claim 8, wherein the burying amount of the systemic toxicant is adjusted according to the breast diameter of the fruit tree, 180g of pesticide application is carried out at 4-8cm, 250g of pesticide application is carried out at 8-10cm, and 400g of pesticide application is carried out at more than 10 cm.
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2021
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CN102907403A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-02-06 | 叶卸妹 | Method for luring, catching and killing citrus black cicadas |
CN104322331A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-02-04 | 谢伟民 | Insect damage prevention method for fruit trees |
CN106719838A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 恒大园林集团有限公司 | A kind of complex ecological agricultural chemicals and preparation method thereof |
CN107896758A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-13 | 林鑫 | A kind of control method of citrus black cicada |
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Title |
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马兴莉;宋宏伟;张真;卢绍辉;袁国军;马俊青;: "河南枣区绿盲蝽发生规律及绿色防控技术", 中国森林病虫, no. 03, pages 322 - 323 * |
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