CN1132257A - Modified compounded molten solvent for refined Al-Al alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

A complex fusing agent for refining aluminium or aluminium alloy contains such chemical components as NaCl (35-50%), KCl (15-30), Na2CO3 (6-13), CaCO3 (1-5), SiO2 (5-10), CaF2 (1-9), Na3AlF6 (1-10) and less KAlF4, K2TiF6 and KBF4, and serves to increase surficial tension between molten aluminium and fusing agent to improve flowability of aluminium, prevent molten matter and fusing agent from being stuck on bottom of furnace wall and tool, and reinforce refining effect of crystal grains. Its advantages are no release of odour and smoke and no poison.

Description

Aluminium-modified compounded molten solvent for refined Al-Al alloy

The present invention is used for aluminium and alloy refining, belongs to compound refining slagging-off alterant technical field.

As everyone knows, wrought aluminium alloy and various cast aluminium alloy, the major cause that occurs defective in its ingot casting, blanket or the foundry goods is that the molten aluminium treatment technology is not high or improper under hot conditions, and hydrogen, oxide compound, non-metallic inclusion are remained in melt and the solid.Thereby, in order to guarantee the purity of aluminium alloy, improve the plasticity of ingot casting and blank, the mechanical property of processing characteristics and raising goods or foundry goods, physicals, solidity to corrosion and surface quality, key are to improve the fusion quality.Before the present invention made, flux was of a great variety, was broadly divided into insulating covering agent, slagging agent, refining agent, furnace cleaning agent etc., villaumite, villiaumite and the carbonate thereof that its component is basic metal, alkaline-earth metal and some high pure metal powder.The composite fluxing agent that is used for aluminium and alloy refining adopts the oven dry hybrid system with the abundant drying and dewatering of composition warp, forms through mechanically mixing.Its Chemical Composition quantitatively mainly comprises 25-30%NaCl, 30-45%KCl, 15-23%Na ₂AlF ₆, add Na more on a small quantity ₂CO ₃, MgCl ₂, BaCl ₂, NaF, K ₂CO ₃A kind of or several.Narrow by its main range of application of flux that above-mentioned composition part is produced, i.e. function singleness just can achieve the goal after need dropping into the flux of several different purposes respectively.Go back main following some deficiency that exists in addition: 1, slag making poor performance, it is higher to form aluminum content, with the block slag of the difficult isolating stagnant viscosity of aluminium liquid, has increased aluminium consume in the fusion process.2, because multiple flux input has increased cost, operation is also complicated, and labour intensity also strengthens; 3, be that the modification effect of casting alloy primary crystal Si and/or eutectic Si is not ideal enough to Al-S.Sometimes stable, reproducibility is not really high; 4, slagging-off, degassing effect are undesirable, and the mixture of flux and slag very easily bonds or condenses upon furnace wall or bottom, molten bath, are difficult to remove, and its residue is easy contaminated melt repeatedly also.

The present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned defective, compositing formula to the preparation composite fluxing agent improves, so that a kind of casting that is suitable for various wrought aluminium alloies and hypoeutectic, eutectic, hypereutectic mold casting aluminium alloy fully, billet, the refining of foundry goods, rotten and thinning processing to be provided.

Main points of the present invention are, in the Chemical Composition of composite fluxing agent, quantitatively select 35-50%NaCl, 15-30%KCl, 6-13%Na for use ₂CO ₃, 1-5%CaCO ₃, 5-10%SiO ₂, 1-9%CaF ₂, 1-10%Na ₃AlF ₆Above-mentioned composition is placed in the mixing machine, under normal temperature condition, mixes.

Be specific embodiments of the invention below.

The present invention is according to the fusion requirement of the characteristics separately of tens of kinds of aluminium, wrought aluminium alloy and cast aluminium alloy, except that the melt refining is their general character, and the processing of will going bad that has, what have wants the refinement of wanting that smelting furnace purifies, has.Thereby, select CaF for use ₂Be exothermic effects, selecting KCl for use is the fusing point effect that reduces effective ingredient, selects Na for use ₃AlF ₆Be to improve Al ₂O ₃The effect of dissolving each other, selecting NaCl for use is metamorphism, K ₂TiF ₆Play refining effect, select SiO for use ₂It is fluxing effect.Embodiment one: get NaCl, KCl, Na ₂CO ₃, CaCO ₃, SiO ₂, CaF ₂, Na ₃AlF ₆, KAlF ₄Eight kinds of raw material stoving or dry, during baking＜100 ℃, natural daylight gets final product during solarization, SiO ₂Granularity is the 30-100 order, CaF ₂Granularity is the 400-500 order, and other raw material granularity is the 30-500 order.With above-mentioned raw materials proportioning in proportion: Chemical Composition is quantitatively got 35%NaCl, 30%KCl, 6%Na ₂CO ₃, 5%CaCO ₃, 10%SiO ₂, 9%CaF ₂, 1%Na ₃AlF ₆, 4%KAlF ₄Be placed in the mixing machine and mix under normal temperature condition, hybrid motion speed is 30 rev/mins, mixes the manufacturing processed that can finish whole solvent in 30 minutes.Solvent is shaped as white powdery mixture, the pH value: the aqueous solution＞12, water-insoluble 10-18%.Embodiment two: get NaCL, KCl, Na ₂CO ₃, SiO ₂, CaF ₂, Na ₃AlF ₆, KAlF ₄, K ₂TiF ₆, KBF ₄Ten kinds of raw material stoving or dry, during baking＜100 ℃, natural daylight gets final product during solarization, SiO ₂Granularity is the 30-100 order, CaF ₂Granularity is the 400--500 order, and other raw material granularity is the 30-500 order.With above-mentioned raw materials proportioning in proportion: chemical ingredients is quantitatively got 42.5%NaCl, 22.5%KCl, 9.5%Na ₂CO ₃, 3%CaCO ₃, 7.5%SiO ₂, 5%CaF ₂, 5.5%Na ₃AlF ₆, 2%KAlF ₄, 1.5%K ₂TiF ₆, 1%KBF ₄, being placed in the mixing machine and under normal temperature condition, mixing, the hybrid motion rotating speed is 30 rev/mins, mixes the manufacturing processed that can finish whole solvent in 30 minutes.Solvent is shaped as white powdery mixture, the pH value: the aqueous solution＞12, water-insoluble 10-18%.Embodiment three: get NaCl, KCl, Na ₂CO ₃, CaCO ₃, SiO ₂, CaF ₂, Na ₃AlF ₆, K ₂TiF ₆, KBF ₄, nine kinds of raw material bakings or dry, during baking＜100 ℃, natural daylight gets final product during solarization, SiO ₂Granularity is 30-100 order, CaF ₂Granularity is the 400-500 order, and other raw material granularity is the 30-500 order.With above-mentioned raw materials proportioning in proportion: Chemical Composition is quantitatively got 50%NaCl, 15%KCl, 13%Na ₂CO ₃, 1%CaCO ₃, 5%SiO ₂, 1%CaF ₂, 10%Na ₃AlF ₆, 3%K ₂TiF ₆, 2%KBF ₄Be placed on the inherent normal temperature condition of mixing machine and mix, the hybrid motion rotating speed is 30 rev/mins, mixes the manufacturing processed that can finish whole solvent in 30 minutes.Solvent is shaped as white powdery mixture, the pH value: the aqueous solution＞12, water-insoluble 10-13%.

Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages: 1, can improve molten aluminum and Surface tension between the flux, the energy steady oxide is between non-metallic inclusion and the flux Surface tension, thereby have good slag making performance, make various slag inclusions, field trash from Separate in the melt and dispose, and form the loose dryness slag of the sticking aluminium that do not stagnate, be eliminated out Slag is grey shape, viscous aluminium liquid not, thus reduced to greatest extent aluminium in the fusion process Loss; 2, the thermal response product of flux can form the cover layer of good fluidity and inhale Hydrogen in the attached melt, oxide and non-metallic inclusion are carried melt purification greatly High; 3, can improve the flowability of aluminium liquid, melt and flux do not stick to the furnace wall yet, and is molten On bottom, pond and the operation tool, significantly reduced the prepurging workload and effectively prolonged molten The stove life-span; When casting Al-Si is piston alloy, basically do not need artificial prepurging, economize Remove to be coated with zinc chloride and adhered to this procedure to prevent aluminium liquid; 4, improved modification effect, Al-Si to the manufacturing piston is that casting alloy has good metamorphism, can eliminate primary silicon, The melt modification effect can maintain more than 8 hours; To S95 piston alloy, grain size Reach secondary, 3 grades of needle-likes, hole shape secondary, Brinell hardness 110-130 lives The plug yield rate has improved 8%, 5, improved grain refining effect, and is to high-ductility, low Alloying wrought aluminium alloy melt without the agent of Al-Ti-B alloy refinement, also can guarantee fully The grain size of the macrostructure of ingot casting reaches one-level, and has eliminated column crystal fully; 6, Extrusion process and performance and the percentage elongation of 6063 alloy profiles have significantly been improved, tension Intensity is compared with the situation of using other flux, and under the equal conditions, extruding force has reduced 10%; The extrusion axis Speed improving 50%; Prolonged die life more than 40%; 7, have no irritating odor in the use procedure, non smoke discharges, and safety non-toxic has improved Working condition and melting environment; 8, use amount is few, the fine aluminium 0.1--of furnace charge 0.15%, wrought aluminium alloy 0.15-0.25%, the casting of Al-Si system is closed Gold 0.2-0.4%, reclaiming waste material aluminium 0.3-0.4%.

Claims (4)

1, the rotten double solvents of a kind of aluminium-alloy refining comprises 25-30%NaCl, 30-45%KCl, 15-23%Na ₂AeF ₆, add Na more on a small quantity ₂CO ₃, MgCl ₂, BaCl ₂, NaF, K ₂CO ₃A kind of or several, it is characterized in that selecting for use 35-50%NaCl, 15-30%KCl, 6-13%Na ₂CO ₃, 1-5%CaCO ₃, 5-10%SiO ₂, 1-9%CaF ₂, 1-10%Na ₃AlF ₆

2, double solvents according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding 0-4%KAlF ₄

3, double solvents according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding 0-3%K ₂TiF ₆

4, double solvents according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding 0-2%KBF ₄