CN113224509A - Acoustic wave resonance electrically small antenna and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Acoustic wave resonance electrically small antenna and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113224509A
CN113224509A CN202110387792.2A CN202110387792A CN113224509A CN 113224509 A CN113224509 A CN 113224509A CN 202110387792 A CN202110387792 A CN 202110387792A CN 113224509 A CN113224509 A CN 113224509A
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magnetostrictive
small antenna
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CN113224509B (en
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廖绍伟
黄泽辉
刘仲武
车文荃
薛泉
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/04—Treatments to modify a piezoelectric or electrostrictive property, e.g. polarisation characteristics, vibration characteristics or mode tuning
    • H10N30/045—Treatments to modify a piezoelectric or electrostrictive property, e.g. polarisation characteristics, vibration characteristics or mode tuning by polarising
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/06—Forming electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
    • H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/08—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
    • H10N30/085—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by machining
    • H10N30/088—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by machining by cutting or dicing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
    • H10N30/875—Further connection or lead arrangements, e.g. flexible wiring boards, terminal pins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
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Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna and a preparation method thereof, the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna comprises an electromagnetic composite material block and a sample platform, the electromagnetic composite material block is used as a sample and is arranged in the hollow part of the sample platform, the electromagnetic composite material block comprises a piezoelectric layer and magnetostrictive layers on the upper side and the lower side, electrodes are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, the two magnetostrictive layers are respectively connected to the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer and are in contact with the electrodes, the outer side parts of the two magnetostrictive layers respectively form the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the electromagnetic composite material block, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface are respectively lapped on the sample platform through leads so as to realize the introduction of the electrodes and the fixation of the electromagnetic composite material block. The acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna can be equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna, can realize miniaturization of the antenna, and can avoid the short circuit problem under a medium with high conductive loss.

Description

Acoustic wave resonance electrically small antenna and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-frequency communication application, in particular to a sound wave resonance electrically small antenna and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the development of wireless technology, electrically small antennas are of great importance for the miniaturization of low frequency wireless devices. The conventional electrically small antenna is an electromagnetic resonance antenna, and it is difficult to design a conventional electrically small antenna having a size of less than one tenth of a wavelength, which is determined by its fundamental principle, and is difficult to apply to a medium having high conductive loss (e.g., human body, seawater, etc.). In addition, as the size is reduced, the radiation resistance of the conventional electrically small antenna is reduced, matching is difficult, ohmic loss is increased, and the use performance is seriously reduced. The traditional electrically small antenna is difficult to meet the requirements of the development of the current low-frequency wireless equipment.
The acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna based on the magnetoelectric coupling material changes the antenna transmitting/receiving mode of the traditional electric small antenna which takes electromagnetic wave resonance as the theoretical basis, and realizes the radiation or the receiving of electromagnetic signals by the acoustic wave resonance. Because the wavelength of the sound wave is far less than that of the electromagnetic wave, the theoretical size of the sound wave resonance electric small antenna is one millionth of that of the electromagnetic wave resonance electric small antenna, which is significant for the miniaturization of the antenna.
In the past decade, most researches on acoustic wave resonant small electric antennas have focused on theoretical level, and only a few articles report that acoustic wave resonant small electric antennas (NAT COMMON, 2017,8(1):296.) are prepared by micro-nano processing technology and acoustic wave resonant small electric antennas with interdigital electrodes (IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR,2020,19(3): 398-. The structures and the preparation processes of the acoustic wave resonance small electric antennas designed by the papers are complex, and the basic functions of the antennas can be only preliminarily realized. Therefore, there is a need for a simple structure of an acoustic wave resonant electrically small antenna, so as to achieve a compact fabrication and effectively achieve the basic functions of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides the acoustic wave resonance small electric antenna and the preparation method thereof, the size of the prepared antenna is extremely small, the near field is a magnetic field, and the problems that the traditional antenna is difficult to miniaturize and is difficult to use in a medium with high conductive loss can be solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a sound wave resonance small electric antenna comprises a magnetoelectric composite material block and a sample platform, wherein the middle part of the sample platform is arranged to be hollow, the magnetoelectric composite material block is used as a sample and is arranged in the hollow part of the sample table, the magnetoelectric composite material block comprises a piezoelectric layer and magnetostrictive layers positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, the piezoelectric layer is strip-shaped and made of piezoelectric material, the magnetostrictive layer is strip-shaped and made of magnetostrictive material, electrodes are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, the two magnetostrictive layers are respectively connected to the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer and are in contact with the electrodes, the outer side parts of the two magnetostrictive layers respectively form the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the magnetoelectric composite material block, the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block are respectively connected to the sample table in a lap joint mode through leads so as to achieve introduction of the electrodes and fixation of the magnetoelectric composite material block.
Has the advantages that: the magnetoelectric composite material block of the acoustic wave resonance small electric antenna is of a layered structure, comprises a piezoelectric layer and magnetostrictive layers positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block are respectively connected on the sample table through lead wires in a lap joint mode so as to realize the introduction of electrodes and the fixation of the magnetoelectric composite material block. The acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna can be equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna, can realize miniaturization of the antenna, and can avoid the short circuit problem under a medium with high conductive loss.
Further, the piezoelectric layer is polarized in a thickness direction, and the bias magnetic field and magnetization oscillation of the magnetostrictive layer are along a length direction.
Further, the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna generates acoustic waves in the length direction, and the acoustic wave resonance frequency is as follows:
Figure BDA0003015589350000021
wherein f isrFor the resonant frequency, L is the sample length, EeqAnd ρeqRespectively, the equivalent young's modulus and the equivalent density of the acoustically resonant electrically small antenna.
Further, the piezoelectric layer is one of a PMNT single crystal and a PIMNT single crystal, the magnetostrictive layer is one of an Fe-Si-B-X amorphous strip and an Fe-Ga-X alloy, and X is a doped component element.
Further, the lead is bonded with the upper end face or the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block through silver colloid; and the lead and the sample table are welded through tin soldering.
Further, the magnetostrictive layer is a multilayer structure formed by bonding a plurality of magnetostrictive layer units with the same size.
A method for preparing an acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining a long-strip-shaped piezoelectric material and a long-strip-shaped magnetostrictive material by a physical cutting method;
2) applying electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the strip-shaped piezoelectric material and carrying out high-voltage polarization to obtain a piezoelectric layer;
3) bonding magnetostrictive materials with the same size into a multilayer structure by using epoxy resin and a hot pressing process to obtain a magnetostrictive layer; bonding the obtained magnetostrictive layer and the piezoelectric layer into a three-layer magnetoelectric composite material block of magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric material-magnetostrictive material;
4) and placing the magnetoelectric composite material block obtained by bonding in the hollow part of the sample table to realize the introduction of the electrode and the suspension of the sample.
Further, in step 2), the electrode is applied by obtaining a silver electrode by a silver firing process or obtaining copper, gold, silver, platinum or a copper alloy by a sputtering process.
Further, in step 2), the high voltage polarization process is to polarize at an electric field of 500v/mm at 120 ℃ for 5 minutes, and then start cooling while lowering the electric field to 300v/mm and keeping the electric field to room temperature.
Further, in the step 3), the hot pressing process is a pressing process with the pressure of 0.1-1MPa and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 24 hours.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of the present invention testing to achieve the reception of electromagnetic waves at the first (half-wave) acoustic wave (L is the length of Fe-Si-B amorphous ribbon);
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the resonant frequency of the acoustic resonant electrically small antenna and the length of the magnetoelectric composite material (i.e., the length of the Fe-Si-B amorphous strip) obtained by the test of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a receiving test of a near field pattern at 500mm and a theoretical receiving pattern of a magnetic dipole antenna of the acoustically resonant electrically small antenna prepared by the present invention (the length of the Fe-Si-B amorphous ribbon is 80 mm).
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the above description of the present invention, a plurality of means is one or more, a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and the following, inner, etc. are understood as including the present number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specifically limited, terms such as set, mounted, connected and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides an acoustic wave resonance small electric antenna, including a magnetoelectric composite material block and a sample stage 1, wherein the middle portion of the sample stage 1 is hollow, the magnetoelectric composite material block is arranged in the hollow portion of the sample stage 1 as a sample, the magnetoelectric composite material block includes a piezoelectric layer 3 and magnetostrictive layers 4 located on upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric layer 3, the piezoelectric layer 3 is strip-shaped and made of a piezoelectric material, the magnetostrictive layers 4 are strip-shaped and made of a magnetostrictive material, electrodes are arranged on upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric layer 3, the two magnetostrictive layers 4 are respectively connected to upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric layer 3 and are in contact with the electrodes, outer side portions of the two magnetostrictive layers 4 respectively form an upper end face and a lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block, the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block are respectively overlapped on the sample stage 1 through leads 2, so as to realize the introduction of the electrode and the fixation of the magnetoelectric composite material block. In this embodiment, the upper side of the sample stage 1 is connected to a positive electrode, and the lower side of the sample stage 1 is connected to a negative electrode.
Preferably, the piezoelectric layer 3 is polarized in the thickness direction (as indicated by the arrows in the piezoelectric layer 3 in fig. 1), and the bias magnetic field and magnetization oscillation of the magnetostrictive layer 4 are in the length direction (as indicated by the arrows in the magnetostrictive layer 4 in fig. 1). With continued reference to fig. 1, the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna provided by the invention loads an L-T type (L is a length direction and a magnetic polarization direction; T is a thickness direction and an electric polarization direction) magnetoelectric composite material block in a sample stage 1 to complete electrode introduction and sample suspension. The acoustic wave resonant electrically small antenna is a multilayer structure having a magnetostrictive layer-a piezoelectric layer-a magnetostrictive layer. The L-T type magnetoelectric composite material block is composed of a piezoelectric material and a magnetostrictive material.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the acoustically resonant electrically small antenna generates a lengthwise acoustic wave (as indicated by the external arrow in fig. 1) having a resonant frequency:
Figure BDA0003015589350000041
wherein f isrFor the resonant frequency, L is the sample length, EeqAnd ρeqRespectively, the equivalent young's modulus and the equivalent density of the acoustically resonant electrically small antenna.
Preferably, the piezoelectric layer 3 is one of a PMNT single crystal and a PIMNT single crystal, and the magnetostrictive layer 4 is one of an Fe-Si-B amorphous strip and an Fe-Ga alloy. Specifically, the magnetostrictive layer 4 is one of an Fe-Si-B-X amorphous strip and an Fe-Ga-X alloy, wherein X is a doped component element.
Preferably, the lead 2 is bonded with the upper end face or the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block through silver paste; the lead 2 and the sample table 1 are welded through soldering.
More preferably, the magnetostrictive layer 4 has a multilayer structure formed by bonding a plurality of units of magnetostrictive layers 4 having the same size.
A method for preparing an acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining a long-strip-shaped piezoelectric material and a long-strip-shaped magnetostrictive material by a physical cutting method;
2) applying electrodes on the upper and lower surfaces of the strip-shaped piezoelectric material and carrying out high-voltage polarization to obtain a piezoelectric layer 3;
3) bonding magnetostrictive materials with the same size into a multilayer structure by using epoxy resin and a hot pressing process to obtain a magnetostrictive layer 4; bonding the obtained magnetostrictive layer 4 and the piezoelectric layer 3 into a three-layer magnetoelectric composite material block of magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric material-magnetostrictive material;
4) and placing the magnetoelectric composite material block obtained by bonding in the hollow part of the sample table 1 to realize the introduction of the electrode and the suspension of the sample (to obtain the mechanical near-free boundary condition).
Preferably, the cutting mode in step 1) may use a diamond cutting machine, an inner circle cutting machine, a multi-wire cutting machine to perform cutting;
preferably, the piezoelectric material in the step 1) is PIMNT piezoelectric single crystal or PMNT single crystal produced by a Bridgman method;
preferably, the cut of the long-sized piezoelectric material described in step 1) is a (110) cut, and it is mainly used as vibration along the length of <001 >;
preferably, the size of the elongated piezoelectric material in step 1) is 37 x 1 x 0.28 mm;
preferably, the magnetostrictive material in the step 1) is Fe-Si-B amorphous strip or Fe-Ga alloy;
preferably, the dimensions of the elongated magnetostrictive material in step 1) are 200 × 6 × 0.024mm or 150 × 6 × 0.024mm or 100 × 6 × 0.024mm or 80 × 6 × 0.024mm or 50 × 6 × 0.024 mm;
preferably, the manner of applying the electrodes in step 2) is to obtain silver electrodes by a silver firing process or obtain copper, gold, silver, platinum or copper alloy by a sputtering process;
preferably, the high voltage polarization process in step 2) is: polarizing at 120 ℃ for 5 minutes in an electric field of 500v/mm, then starting cooling, simultaneously reducing the electric field to 300v/mm, and keeping the electric field to room temperature;
preferably, the epoxy resin in step 3) is WEST SYSTEM 105/206 type epoxy resin;
preferably, the hot pressing process in the step 3) is 0.1-1MPa, a pressing device with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ is provided, and the bonding time is 24 h;
preferably, the number of layers of the multilayer structure to which the magnetostrictive material is bonded in step 3) is 3.
The invention has the following advantages and prominent technical effects: the invention aims to provide a sound wave resonance small antenna structure based on a magnetoelectric composite material, which can simply lead out an electrode and carry out antenna performance test. The acoustic wave resonance small antenna can be simply prepared by the invention, the application of antenna miniaturization can be realized, and the short circuit problem under a medium with high conductive loss is avoided. The acoustic resonance small electric antenna prepared by the invention can realize resonance under 10 kHz-45 kHz under the size (0.05 m-0.2 m) and realize transmission of electromagnetic wave signals. Miniaturization of acoustically resonant electrically small antennas is significant compared to conventional electrically small antennas that require an antenna size of at least about 1000m if they are to resonate in this frequency range. Compared with the traditional small antenna, the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna prepared by the invention is expected to realize the miniaturization of the antenna to the greatest extent, can realize the basic transceiving performance and is equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna.
The concrete steps for preparing the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna are as follows:
1) a (110) cut type is cut from a large-sized PIMNT single crystal produced using a Bridgman method using an internal circular cutter, and a long piezoelectric single crystal that vibrates along a length of <001> is mainly used. The cut long-strip PIMNT single crystal has the following dimensions: length, width, height, 37, 1, 0.28 mm. And cutting the Fe-Si-B amorphous strip with the domestic mark of 1k101 by using a diamond cutting machine to obtain the long-strip magnetostrictive material. The size of the long-strip Fe-Si-B amorphous obtained by cutting is as follows: length, width, height, 200, 6, 0.024mm, 150, 6, 0.024mm, 100, 6, 0.024mm, 80, 6, 0.024mm, or 50, 6, 0.024 mm;
2) applying silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the cut strip-shaped piezoelectric material through a silver firing process to polarize the piezoelectric material: applying an electric field of 500v/mm at two ends of the silver electrode, polarizing for 5 minutes at 120 ℃, then cooling, simultaneously reducing the electric field to 300v/mm, and keeping the electric field to room temperature;
3) 3 Fe-Si-B amorphous (eg.80 x 6 x 0.024mm) pieces of the same size were bonded into a multilayer structure by using WEST SYSTEM 105/206 type epoxy resin, and a pressure of 0.1-1MPa was applied to the sample during bonding, and the temperature was set to 60-80 ℃ and the bonding time was set to 24 hours. Repeating the steps to obtain two 3-layer Fe-Si-B amorphous bonding structures. And bonding the obtained two 3 layers of Fe-Si-B amorphous and PIMNT single crystals into a (Fe-Si-B) × 3- (PIMNT) - (Fe-Si-B) × 3 three-layer magnetoelectric composite material structure.
4) The bonded magnetoelectric composite material is placed in a sample table 1, electrodes are respectively led out from the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample table 1, the electrodes are led in from the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the long magnetoelectric composite material, and a sample is suspended (mechanical boundary conditions with two free ends are obtained).
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. An acoustically resonant electrically small antenna, comprising: comprises a magnetoelectric composite material block and a sample table, wherein the middle part of the sample table is arranged to be hollow, the magnetoelectric composite material block is used as a sample and is arranged at the hollow part of the sample table, the magnetoelectric composite material block comprises a piezoelectric layer and magnetostrictive layers positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, the piezoelectric layer is strip-shaped and made of piezoelectric material, the magnetostrictive layer is strip-shaped and made of magnetostrictive material, electrodes are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer, the two magnetostrictive layers are respectively connected to the upper side and the lower side of the piezoelectric layer and are in contact with the electrodes, the outer side parts of the two magnetostrictive layers respectively form the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the magnetoelectric composite material block, the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetoelectric composite material block are respectively connected to the sample table in a lap joint mode through leads so as to achieve introduction of the electrodes and fixation of the magnetoelectric composite material block.
2. The acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric layer is polarized in a thickness direction, and a bias magnetic field and magnetization oscillation of the magnetostrictive layer are along a length direction.
3. The acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 2, wherein: the acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna generates acoustic waves in the length direction, and the acoustic wave resonance frequency is as follows:
Figure FDA0003015589340000011
wherein f isrFor the resonant frequency, L is the sample length, EeqAnd ρeqRespectively, the equivalent young's modulus and the equivalent density of the acoustically resonant electrically small antenna.
4. The acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 2, wherein: the piezoelectric layer is one of PMNT single crystal and PIMNT single crystal, the magnetostrictive layer is one of Fe-Si-B amorphous strip and Fe-Ga-X alloy, and X is a doped component element.
5. The acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 1, wherein: the lead is bonded with the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the magnetoelectric composite material block through silver colloid; and the lead and the sample table are welded through tin soldering.
6. The acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 1, wherein: the magnetostrictive layer is a multilayer structure formed by bonding a plurality of layers of magnetostrictive layer units with the same size.
7. A method for preparing an acoustic wave resonance electric small antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) obtaining a long-strip-shaped piezoelectric material and a long-strip-shaped magnetostrictive material by a physical cutting method;
2) applying electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the strip-shaped piezoelectric material and carrying out high-voltage polarization to obtain a piezoelectric layer;
3) bonding magnetostrictive materials with the same size into a multilayer structure by using epoxy resin and a hot pressing process to obtain a magnetostrictive layer; bonding the obtained magnetostrictive layer and the piezoelectric layer into a three-layer magnetoelectric composite material block of magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric material-magnetostrictive material;
4) and placing the magnetoelectric composite material block obtained by bonding in the hollow part of the sample table to realize the introduction of the electrode and the suspension of the sample.
8. The method of making an acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 7, comprising: in the step 2), the manner of applying the electrode is to obtain a silver electrode by using a silver firing process or obtain copper, gold, silver, platinum or a copper alloy by using a sputtering process.
9. The method of making an acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 7, comprising: in the step 2), the high-voltage polarization process is to polarize for 5 minutes at 120 ℃ under the electric field of 500v/mm, then start cooling, reduce the electric field to 300v/mm at the same time, and keep the electric field to the room temperature.
10. The method of making an acoustically resonant electrically small antenna of claim 7, comprising: in the step 3), the hot pressing process is a pressing process with the pressure of 0.1-1MPa and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 24 hours.
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CN114039199A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-02-11 北京邮电大学 Piezoelectric ring mechanical antenna with tunable frequency and communication equipment
CN114251336A (en) * 2021-11-05 2022-03-29 湖北塞思博科技有限公司 Preparation method and detection method of cantilever beam structure magnetoelectric antenna and magnetoelectric antenna
CN115000683A (en) * 2022-05-20 2022-09-02 安徽安努奇科技有限公司 Hybrid antenna
CN115000710A (en) * 2022-05-20 2022-09-02 安徽安努奇科技有限公司 Antenna
CN116487866A (en) * 2023-05-06 2023-07-25 电子科技大学 Magneto-electric mechanical antenna for ultra-low frequency communication system and preparation method thereof

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CN116487866B (en) * 2023-05-06 2024-04-26 电子科技大学 Magneto-electric mechanical antenna for ultra-low frequency communication system and preparation method thereof

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