CN113219576A - Near-field imaging method based on graphene-metal split ring resonator - Google Patents
Near-field imaging method based on graphene-metal split ring resonator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a near-field imaging method based on a graphene-metal split ring resonator. The method is characterized in that: it consists of a bottom and top layer of periodically patterned metal layers 1, a middle dielectric layer 3 and graphene layers 2 embedded in the dielectric layer 3. The metal layers of the bottom layer and the top layer are made of gold or silver or other conductors, and the middle dielectric layer is made of polyimide. Since the structure exhibits symmetric and asymmetric modes parallel and perpendicular to the axis of symmetry at a circular incident wave, the structure achieves maximum circular dichroism at 1.181THz, a value of 0.85, by characterizing the reflectivity and absorption at different circularly polarized incidences. By applying bias voltage to change the Fermi level of the graphene, the dynamic terahertz near field imaging method can realize dynamic terahertz near field imaging. The invention has the advantages of strong reflection, strong absorption, insensitive polarization, simple structure, convenient processing and the like, and can be applied to the aspects of biological monitoring, display imaging, polarization conversion, photoelectron polarization characteristic research and the like.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to a method for near-field imaging based on a graphene-metal split ring resonator, which can be used for biological monitoring, display imaging, polarization conversion and photoelectron polarization characteristic research and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic wave transmission control.
(II) background of the invention
The polarization state of electromagnetic waves is regulated and controlled by utilizing gratings, crystals, liquid crystals and the like, but the bulk materials with larger sizes cannot meet the requirements of integration and miniaturization of devices. With the continuous and deep research on electromagnetic super-surfaces, people begin to utilize chiral super-surfaces to regulate and control the polarization state of electromagnetic waves. Chirality refers to the property that an object cannot coincide with its mirror structure through translation, rotation and other spatial transformations. Many chiral substances such as DNA, amino acid, glucose and the like exist in nature, but the natural substances have the problem of weak chirality and are difficult to detect. Compared with natural chiral substances, the chiral super surface has stronger optical activity, and the optical response difference between the levorotatory circularly polarized wave and the dextrorotatory circularly polarized wave can be characterized by circular dichroism.
The polarization of electromagnetic waves on a sub-wavelength scale is regulated and controlled through the chiral super surface, and important achievements are achieved in the fields of imaging display, encryption, quantum information, biological sensing and the like. At present, the development of a dynamically tunable chiral super-surface has wide application requirements in the aspects of dynamic polarization regulation, signal tuning, focusing and the like. According to published literature reports, a metal-Graphene mixed Chiral super surface is reported in the first literature (Li F, Tang T, Mao Y, et al. Metal-Graphene Hybrid metals for Tunable Circular ceramic [ J ]. Annalen der Physik,2020:2000065) and the second literature (Li J, Li J, Yang Y, et al. Metal-Graphene Hybrid active ceramic metals for dynamic solar energy modulation and near field imaging [ J ]. Carbon,2020,163.). In the first document, a three-layer structure is used to realize 0.77 circular dichroism, but the dynamically adjustable element is a graphene strip with a width of 0.4 μm covering the periphery of the top layer of the dielectric layer. Since graphene is a two-dimensional material, its monolayer thickness is only 0.34nm, which is difficult to achieve in practice. The graphene reported in the document two uses a hollow graphene layer, but a dielectric layer is added in each layer of metal and graphene in the structure, so that the overall structure is composed of 8 layers of materials, the preparation process and the preparation method are complicated, the circular dichroism signal of the structure is weak, and the realization cost is high.
The invention discloses a near-field imaging method based on a graphene-metal split ring resonator. The chiral super-surface structure is composed of metal-medium-graphene, the graphene layer is embedded in the medium layer, a circular dichroism signal of 0.85 under 1.181THz is realized, and the chiral super-surface structure has large and stable circular dichroism under normal incidence or oblique incidence circular polarization. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and operation, and can replace gold or silver with other metal materials copper, so that the manufacturing cost of the chiral material is reduced.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to provide a near-field imaging method based on a graphene-metal split ring resonator, which has a simple and compact structure and is easy to operate and adjust.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the method for tunable circular dichroism and dynamic terahertz near-field imaging of the chiral super surface is characterized by comprising the following steps: the terahertz near-field imaging device is composed of a metal layer 1 with a bottom layer and a top layer which are periodically patterned, a middle dielectric layer 3 and a graphene layer 2 embedded in the dielectric layer 3, and dynamic terahertz near-field imaging is achieved through an array original chiral super-surface structure and a mirror image structure of the original chiral super-surface structure.
According to the near-field imaging method based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator, the unit structure period is 65 micrometers multiplied by 65 micrometers, and the structure is not overlapped with a mirror image structure of the unit structure.
According to the method for near-field imaging based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator, the metal layers 1 on the bottom layer and the top layer are made of gold with the thickness of 0.2 mu m, wherein the gold on the top layer is made of two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2, the rotating angles of the two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2 are 0-105 degrees, the distance is 1 mu m-4 mu m, the ring width is 2 mu m-8 mu m, the outer radius of the large ring-lacking resonator 1-1 is 24 mu m, the notch angle is 35-75 degrees, and the notch angle of the small ring-lacking resonator 1-2 is 45-85 degrees.
According to the near-field imaging method based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator, the material of the intermediate medium layer 3 is polyimide, the thickness of the polyimide is 24-48 mu m, and the relative dielectric constant epsilon is 3.5+0.00945 i.
According to the near-field imaging method based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator, the original array unit structure and the four-channel array structure with the mirror image unit structure of 16 x 16 are arranged in quadrants 1 and 3 and the original unit structure is arranged in quadrants 2 and 4 by taking the center of the array structure as an origin. The cell structure can be designed as an array structure of larger and more channels.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the chiral super-surface structure can obtain larger circular dichroism through normal incidence or oblique incidence circular polarized light, and has small structure, easy integration and high reflectivity; 2. the Fermi level of the graphene is changed by applying external bias voltage to the chiral super surface, so that circular dichroism of the chiral super surface is regulated and controlled; 3. the chiral super-surface of the invention can adopt other metal materials copper to replace gold or silver, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the chiral material. 4. The chiral super surface of the invention can be used for biological monitoring, display imaging, polarization conversion and photoelectron polarization characteristic research.
(IV) description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit of the graphene-metal split ring resonator-based near-field imaging method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a unit structure and parameters of a graphene-metal split ring resonator near-field imaging method.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing absorption rate and circular dichroism of the cell structure under incidence of left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator near-field imaging method.
Fig. 4 is a graph of absorption rate and circular dichroism of the unit cell structure under the condition of changing the Fermi level of graphene based on the graphene-metal split ring resonator near-field imaging method.
Fig. 5 is an array schematic diagram of an original unit structure and a mirror image structure of the graphene-metal split ring resonator near-field imaging-based method.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a unit structure of a method for near-field imaging based on a graphene-metal split ring resonator. The invention comprises a bottom layer and a top layer periodically patterned metal layer 1, a middle dielectric layer 3 and a graphene layer 2 embedded in the dielectric layer 3. The unit structure period is 65 mu m multiplied by 65 mu m;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the cell structure and parameters of the present invention. The metal layers 1 of the bottom layer and the top layer are made of gold with the thickness of 0.2 mu m, wherein the gold of the top layer is made of two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2, the rotation angle of the two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2 is 45 degrees, the distance is 2 mu m, the ring width is 4 mu m, the outer radius of the large ring-lacking resonator 1-1 is 24 mu m, the notch angle is 55 degrees, and the notch angle of the small ring-lacking resonator 1-2 is 65 degrees.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the absorption and circular dichroism of the cell structure of the present invention at the incidence of left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light, based on the parameters of fig. 2. The LCP wave and the RCP are vertically incident when the graphene Fermi level is 1eV, and the cross polarization reflectivity | R-+|2And | R+-|2Equal over the entire operating frequency range, and a same polarization reflectivity | R++|2And | R--|2Are not equal. The difference in absorption between LCP and RCP waves is defined as CD, i.e., CD ═ ARCP-ALCPWherein A isRCP＝1-|R--|2-|R+-|2Expressed as the absorption of RCP waves, ALCP＝1-|R-+|2-|R++|2Expressed as the absorption of the LCP wave. The CD of the structures described herein at 1.181 is 0.85.
Fig. 4 is a graph of absorption rate and circular dichroism of the unit structure of the present invention at different fermi levels of graphene based on the parameters of fig. 2. In the terahertz region, the graphene surface conductivity is dominated by the in-band response as follows:
while
Wherein e is the charge of an electron,
is the reduced Planck constant, ω is the angular frequency, EFIs the Fermi level,. mu.104cm2V-1s-1Is the carrier mobility, VF＝106m/s is the Fermi velocity. At low EFThe reflection of LCP waves decreases from 0.8 to 0.52 with increasing THz frequency, at high EFIn the process, the reflection of LCP wave is kept above 0.7 in the working frequency all the time, and graphene EFIn the 0.45eV-1eV transition, the CD increased from 0.75 to 0.85.
FIG. 5 is a schematic array diagram of the primary cell structure and the mirror structure of the present invention. The unit array of the chiral super-surface structure is 16 multiplied by 16, the center of the array structure is taken as an origin, the unit structure of the mirror image is placed in the 1, 3 quadrants, and the original unit structure is placed in the 2, 4 quadrants. According to chirality, reflection of CP waves by an original unit structure and a mirror unit structure are different and complementary, different electric field distributions exist in different quadrants, and an area with a weak electric field is marked by '0' and an area with a strong electric field is marked by '1'. Adjusting the fermi level of the graphene changes the resolution of the imaging.
Claims (5)
1. A method based on graphene-metal split ring resonator near field imaging is provided. The method is characterized in that: the terahertz near-field imaging device is composed of a metal layer 1 with a bottom layer and a top layer which are periodically patterned, a middle dielectric layer 3 and a graphene layer 2 embedded in the dielectric layer 3, and dynamic terahertz near-field imaging is achieved through an array original chiral super-surface structure and a mirror image structure of the original chiral super-surface structure.
2. The graphene-metal split-ring resonator near-field imaging-based method of claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the unit structure has a period of 65 μm, and the structure is not overlapped with its mirror image structure.
3. The graphene-metal split-ring resonator near-field imaging-based method of claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the metal layers 1 of the bottom layer and the top layer are made of gold with the thickness of 0.2 mu m, wherein the gold of the top layer is made of two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2, the rotation angle of the two ring-lacking resonators 1-1 and 1-2 is 45 degrees, the distance is 2 mu m, the ring width is 4 mu m, the outer radius of the large ring-lacking resonator 1-1 is 24 mu m, the notch angle is 55 degrees, and the notch angle of the small ring-lacking resonator 1-2 is 65 degrees.
4. The graphene-metal split-ring resonator near-field imaging-based method of claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the intermediate dielectric layer 3 was made of polyimide, and had a thickness of 36 μm and a relative dielectric constant ∈ of 3.5+0.00945 i.
5. The graphene-metal split-ring resonator near-field imaging-based method of claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the original cell structure of the array and the four-channel array structure with the mirror image cell structure of 16 x 16 are arranged in quadrants 1 and 3 and the original cell structure is arranged in quadrants 2 and 4 by taking the center of the array structure as an origin. The cell structure can be designed as an array structure of larger and more channels.
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| CN115877596A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 | Transmission type terahertz polarization converter based on graphene adjustable control |
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| CN115877596A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 | Transmission type terahertz polarization converter based on graphene adjustable control |
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