CN113216081A - Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs - Google Patents
Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216081A CN113216081A CN202110522132.0A CN202110522132A CN113216081A CN 113216081 A CN113216081 A CN 113216081A CN 202110522132 A CN202110522132 A CN 202110522132A CN 113216081 A CN113216081 A CN 113216081A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000120622 Rhizophoraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oceans, and provides an ecological breakwater with a submerged dike and a square-hole grid artificial fish reef combined, which comprises a riprap foundation bed, an artificial coral reef bottom protector, a submerged dike, a square-hole grid artificial fish reef and a node column; the jetty is arranged in riprap foundation bed top, the artificial fish reef of square hole net is arranged in the jetty outside, the node post sets up between jetty and the artificial fish reef of square hole net. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef is arranged along the ashore direction, the square-hole grid empty box cover surface formed by the artificial fish reef is utilized to interact with waves to dissipate wave energy and protect an internal submerged dike, and meanwhile, the porous structure of the hollow curved surface not only has larger surface area and can provide more inhabitation space for organisms, but also has good water permeability and can strengthen the exchange of internal and external water bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oceans, relates to an ecological breakwater, and particularly relates to an ecological breakwater compounded by a submerged dike and a square-hole grid artificial fish reef.
Background
The breakwater is an important hydraulic building for resisting sea wave invasion and keeping the safety of a water area behind the breakwater, and the ecological function of the breakwater is to be improved along with the continuous enhancement of marine ecological civilization construction. The traditional breakwater has a monotonous structure and single material, is not beneficial to inhabitation of organisms and influences the local ecological structure. In order to solve the problem, the predecessors propose structures such as combination of culverts and biological attachment bases, cultivation of oyster reefs by low-alkalinity concrete members, covering in turned-king character block protective face rock, or compounding of submerged dikes and mangroves, and the like, although the ecology of the breakwaters can be increased to a certain extent, the formed ecological system is single and fragile, and has a larger difference compared with the original natural ecological system. In order to improve the problem, the composite ecological breakwater of the submerged breakwater and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef is provided, and a composite and multidimensional curved surface structure is used, so that a larger habitat is provided for more kinds of organisms on the premise of keeping the normal function of the breakwater, and a richer and more stable ecological system is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to increase the ecological function of a breakwater and provides an ecological breakwater compounded by a submerged dike and a square-hole grid artificial fish reef. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef is arranged along the ashore direction, the square-hole grid empty box cover surface formed by the artificial fish reef is utilized to interact with waves to dissipate wave energy and protect an internal submerged dike, and meanwhile, the porous structure of the hollow curved surface not only has larger surface area and can provide more inhabitation space for organisms, but also has good water permeability and can enhance the exchange of internal and external water bodies. Set up the node post and connect through the mode of inlaying admittedly between outside square hole net artificial fish reef top facing and the inside submerged dike to increase structural strength, wholeness and stability. Artificial coral reef bottom guards are arranged on the wave facing surface and the wave backing surface of the structure, and coral reefs are artificially cultured or coral reef-like structures are arranged on the traditional riprap foundation bed, so that the coral reef structure is not only rugged and uneven, but also can be used for friction consumption of sea wave energy, the height of sea waves reaching the coast is reduced, and the wave absorption of the structure is assisted; meanwhile, the complex structure of the coral reef can provide habitat for organisms, and a batch of small benign ecosystem is built.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an ecological breakwater with a submerged dike and a square-hole grid artificial fish reef combined comprises a riprap foundation bed 1, an artificial coral reef bottom protector 5, a submerged dike 2, a square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 and node columns 4; the artificial fish reef is characterized in that the submerged dike 2 is arranged at the top of the riprap foundation bed 1, the artificial fish reef 3 with the square hole grids is arranged outside the submerged dike 2, and the node columns 4 are arranged between the submerged dike and the artificial fish reef 3 with the square hole grids.
Furthermore, the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is formed by intersecting a transverse arc beam and a longitudinal straight line beam, and a square-hole structure is formed in the square-hole grid artificial fish reef.
Further, the node columns 4 are formed by extending the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 nodes inwards in the radial direction and being embedded and intersected with the submerged dike 2.
Further, artificial coral reef bottom protection 5 adopts the artificial cultivation coral reef on traditional riprap foundation bed or sets up the formation of coral reef-like structure, and artificial coral reef structure adopts irregular arrangement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the square-hole grid artificial fish reef is arranged along the bank, and a plurality of square-hole grid empty box cover surfaces formed by opening holes of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef interact with waves to dissipate wave energy; the waves enter the inner side of the fish reef structure after partial energy dissipation, so that the hydrodynamic action on the inner submerged dike can be reduced; 2) the hollow curved surface porous structure of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef has larger external surface area, and can provide more inhabitation space for organisms; meanwhile, the porous structure has good water permeability, and can enhance the water body exchange inside and outside the structure; 3) the vertical elevation change is realized by the composite arrangement of the submerged dike and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef, so that more shear layers are generated when waves interact with the submerged dike and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef, and the hydrodynamic dissipation capacity of the structure is improved; 4) the elevation of the top of the internal submerged dike is the same as the designed high water level, so that the friction, disturbance and reduction of the submerged dike on external waves are improved to the maximum extent, and the capability of preventing the erosion of a bank line behind the dike is realized;
5) the inner side of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef is provided with a node column, a corresponding position on the submerged dike is provided with a clamping groove, and the integrity and the stability of the structure are improved through the embedding effect of the node column and the clamping groove; 6) an artificial coral reef or coral reef-like structure is arranged at the bottom protection position of the stone-throwing foundation bed on the wave-facing side, and by utilizing the characteristics of rugged and uneven coral reef structure, the energy of sea waves is consumed through bottom friction, the wave height of the near-shore sea waves is reduced, and the wave absorption of the structure is assisted; meanwhile, a benign ecological system can be formed by the coral reef structure, and a good living environment is provided for marine organisms; 7) artificial coral reefs or coral-like reef structures are arranged at the bottom protection positions of the riprap foundation beds on the back wave surfaces, so that the wave energy is further reduced; meanwhile, under the water environment condition that the back wave surface of the structure is stable, the coral reef structure can play a better ecological effect and promote the propagation process of benthic plants and animals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological breakwater compounded by the submerged dike and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef;
in the figure: 1, throwing a stone foundation bed; 2, submerging the dike; 3, a square hole grid artificial fish reef; 4-node columns; 5 artificial coral reef bottom protection.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the ecological breakwater combining the submerged dike and the square-hole grid artificial reef comprises a riprap foundation bed 1, and a submerged dike 2, a square-hole grid artificial reef 3, a node column 4 and an artificial coral reef bottom protector 5 which are arranged on the riprap foundation bed. The submerged dike 2 is manufactured by integral pouring. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is manufactured by integral pouring. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 and the submerged dike 2 are provided with node columns which are fixedly connected with the grooves in an embedded mode. The artificial coral reef bottom protection 5 is formed by artificially cultivating coral reefs or arranging coral reef-like structures on a riprap foundation bed, and the wave-facing surface and the back wave surface are both arranged.
In this embodiment, the submerged dike 2 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete structure.
In this embodiment, the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete structure.
In this embodiment, the matching position of the submerged dike 2 and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is provided with a node column 4.
In this embodiment, the artificial coral reef bottom protectors 5 are arranged irregularly.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly paving a riprap foundation bed 1 at an engineering position, and calculating and determining the thickness and the form of the riprap foundation bed according to the bearing capacity of a foundation; after taking place, the top of the riprap foundation bed 1 is provided with the submerged dike 2 and the prefabricated square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3, the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is arranged on the outer side of the submerged dike 2, the node columns 4 are part of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 and are positioned on the inner side of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3, and the node columns 4 of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 are fixedly connected with the grooves of the submerged dike 2. The surface facing waves and the surface facing waves are artificial coral reef bottom guards 5, and a coral reef structure or a coral reef-like structure is designed and adopts an irregular arrangement mode. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is composed of a transverse arc beam and a longitudinal straight line beam to form a square-hole structure. The square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is arranged along the bank, and the square-hole grid empty box cover surface formed by a plurality of holes interacts with waves to dissipate wave energy, so that the scouring of the inner submerged dike 2 can be reduced, more inhabitation spaces are provided for organisms, and the water body exchange inside and outside the structure can be enhanced; the node columns 4 can ensure that the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3 is not influenced by wave water flow and changes the relative position with the submerged dike 2 in the direction along the waves; the vertical elevation change can be realized by the composite arrangement of the submerged dike 2 and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef 3, and the hydrodynamic dissipation capacity of the structure can be increased; the outer side square hole grid artificial fish reef 3 cover and the inner submerged dike 2 adopt an embedded device to improve the stability of the integral structure of the breakwater; artificial coral reefs or artificial coral reef bottom protectors 5 with coral-like structures are arranged on the wave-facing surface and the wave-back surface, and the wave energy is consumed by utilizing the characteristics of bumpiness of the artificial coral reefs or the artificial coral reef bottom protectors, so that wave absorption of the auxiliary structure is realized; meanwhile, a benign ecological system can be formed by the complex structure of the coral reef, and a good living environment for inhabiting, laying and multiplying marine organisms is provided.
Claims (3)
1. An ecological breakwater compounded by a submerged dike and a square-hole grid artificial fish reef is characterized in that the ecological breakwater compounded by the submerged dike and the square-hole grid artificial fish reef comprises a riprap foundation bed (1), an artificial coral reef bottom protector (5), a submerged dike (2), a square-hole grid artificial fish reef (3) and a node column (4); the riprap foundation bed (1) top is arranged in submerged bank (2), the submerged bank (2) outside is arranged in artifical fish reef of square hole net (3), node post (4) set up between submerged bank and the artifical fish reef of square hole net (3).
2. The ecological breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the square-hole grid artificial fish reef (3) is formed by intersecting a transverse arc beam and a longitudinal straight beam, and is provided with a square-hole structure.
3. The ecological breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the node columns (4) are formed by extending the nodes of the square-hole grid artificial fish reef (3) inwards in the radial direction and being embedded and intersected with the submerged dike (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110522132.0A CN113216081A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110522132.0A CN113216081A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113216081A true CN113216081A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110522132.0A Pending CN113216081A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113216081A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114108546A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Semicircular breakwater of integrated oscillation water column type wave energy power generation device and unit thereof |
| CN115281122A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江大学 | Water bag combined coral reef cultivation device and setting method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202064321U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-12-07 | 黄晨 | Double-layer breakwater |
| KR200489456Y1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-20 | (주)나우앤하우 | Coastal erosion resistant submerged block with artificial reef function |
| CN110016887A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of fill method for building aquatic ecosystem habitat |
| CN215105043U (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-12-10 | 大连理工大学 | Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs |
-
2021
- 2021-05-13 CN CN202110522132.0A patent/CN113216081A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202064321U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-12-07 | 黄晨 | Double-layer breakwater |
| KR200489456Y1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-20 | (주)나우앤하우 | Coastal erosion resistant submerged block with artificial reef function |
| CN110016887A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of fill method for building aquatic ecosystem habitat |
| CN215105043U (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-12-10 | 大连理工大学 | Ecological breakwater compounded by submerged dikes and square-hole grid artificial fish reefs |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114108546A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Semicircular breakwater of integrated oscillation water column type wave energy power generation device and unit thereof |
| CN115281122A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江大学 | Water bag combined coral reef cultivation device and setting method |
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