CN113215876B - Long rail laying stress relieving and locking method - Google Patents
Long rail laying stress relieving and locking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113215876B CN113215876B CN202110564864.6A CN202110564864A CN113215876B CN 113215876 B CN113215876 B CN 113215876B CN 202110564864 A CN202110564864 A CN 202110564864A CN 113215876 B CN113215876 B CN 113215876B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/04—Lifting or levelling of tracks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/24—Fixing or removing detachable fastening means or accessories thereof; Pre-assembling track components by detachable fastening means
- E01B29/26—Fixing or removing detachable fastening means or accessories thereof; Pre-assembling track components by detachable fastening means the fastening means being spikes
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- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a long rail laying stress diffusing and locking method, which comprises the following steps: s1, disassembling a steel rail fastener by using a spike bolt tightening machine, lifting a steel rail by using a steel rail lifter, and putting the steel rail into a roller; s2, stress dissipation is carried out on the steel rail; s3, lifting the steel rail, taking down the roller device, dropping the steel rail, and installing a steel rail fastener; the step S2 includes the steps of: s21, installing an automatic rail collision device; s22, installing a steel rail stretcher; s23, prestretching the impact steel rail; s24, setting temporary observation point marks at intervals; s25, mounting a displacement recorder and a rail temperature measurer; s26, measuring the rail temperature and calculating the stretching amount of each point; s27, stretching the steel rail by using the steel rail stretching machine, impacting the steel rail by using the automatic rail impacting device, and observing displacement of each point; and S28, enabling the displacement of each point to meet the diffusion requirement. Compared with the prior art, the long rail laying stress relieving and locking method can effectively reduce the labor cost and improve the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway construction, in particular to a stress relieving and locking method for long rail laying.
Background
The rails are the main components of railway tracks and their function is to guide the wheels of the rolling stock forward, to withstand the great stresses of the wheels and to transmit them to the sleepers. Stress is generated along with the change of air temperature in the process of laying and welding the steel rail, and safety accidents occur when the stress exceeds a limit value, so that the stress dissipation treatment needs to be carried out on the steel rail in the process of laying the steel rail.
In the prior art, a method for performing stress relief on a steel rail generally comprises the steps of removing a fastener, supporting a pad roller, impacting the rail, stretching the steel rail, taking the roller to fall the rail, installing the fastener and the like, and the inside of the steel rail is ensured to reach a zero-stress state through a series of steps.
However, in the prior art, the fastener is removed manually, and the spike bolts need to be loosened one by one, so that the stress dissipation workload is very large, the labor cost is consumed, and the working efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The rail stress diffusion device aims at the technical problems that in the prior art, when stress is diffused to a steel rail, spike bolts are loosened one by one through manpower, labor cost is high, and meanwhile working efficiency is low. The invention provides a long rail laying stress diffusing and locking method which can effectively reduce labor cost and improve working efficiency.
A long rail laying stress relieving and locking method comprises the following steps:
s1, disassembling a steel rail fastener by using a spike bolt tightening machine, lifting a steel rail by using a steel rail lifter, and putting the steel rail into a roller device;
s2, stress dissipation is carried out on the steel rail;
s3, lifting the steel rail, taking the roller device out, dropping the steel rail, and installing a steel rail fastener;
the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21, installing an automatic rail collision device;
s22, installing a steel rail stretcher;
s23, pre-stretching the impact steel rail;
s24, setting temporary observation point marks at intervals;
s25, mounting a displacement recorder and a rail temperature measurer;
s26, measuring the rail temperature and calculating the stretching amount of each point;
s27, stretching the steel rail by using the steel rail stretching machine, impacting the steel rail by using the automatic rail impacting device, and observing displacement of each point;
and S28, enabling the displacement of each point to meet the diffusion requirement.
Preferably, before the step S1, the method further includes:
s0, construction preparation;
the step S0 includes the steps of:
s01, detecting the geometric dimension of the track, the elevation of the track surface, the position of a line center line, the rigidity of a sleeper lower track bed, transverse resistance and welding quality, knowing the change rule of local track temperature and determining locking construction time;
s02, embedding displacement observation piles according to design files and standard requirements, and numbering;
s03, returning the operation personnel again, and executing according to the operation instruction and the content of technical returning;
s04, confirming the running state of the construction equipment;
and S05, marking temporary displacement observation points, marking the temporary displacement observation points on the steel rail, properly encrypting the observation points according to field conditions, and setting 1 temporary displacement observation point every 100m as a temporary displacement observation point when the stress of the steel rail is released.
Preferably, the step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, removing all steel rail fasteners in the range of the unit rail sections to be diffused from two ends by using a spike bolt tightening machine;
s12, lifting the steel rail by using a steel rail lifter;
s13, placing a roller at the bottom of the rail every 10m, and enabling the bottom surface of the rail to be higher than the rail bearing surface by 5cm.
Preferably, the spike bolt tensioner includes a frame, a spike bolt tensioner, a protective cover, a tool box, an electric control cabinet and a power supply, the spike bolt tensioner install in be used for the elasticity spike bolt in the frame, the protective cover is located the spike bolt tensioner, just the protective cover respectively with the frame reaches the spike bolt tensioner is connected, the tool box the electric control cabinet all install in the frame, the power supply install in the frame and with the spike bolt tensioner electricity is connected.
Preferably, the spike bolt tightening devices are two, the two spike bolt tightening devices are arranged at the two ends of the rack along the length direction of the rack, each spike bolt tightening device is provided with one protective cover in a matched mode, and the two spike bolt tightening devices are arranged in a matched mode with the two steel rails of the track.
Preferably, the steel rail elevator comprises an elevator frame, a steel rail lifting mechanism, an elevator traveling mechanism, an elevator guide wheel, an elevator rail locking mechanism, an elevator electric control cabinet and an elevator power supply, the elevator rail locking mechanism is arranged on the elevator frame and comprises a rail locking driving mechanism and a rail locking executing mechanism, the rail locking driving mechanism is used for controlling the rail locking executing mechanism to be opened and closed, the elevator traveling mechanism, the elevator electric control cabinet and the elevator power supply are installed on the elevator frame, and the elevator traveling mechanism is used for driving the steel rail elevator to travel on a steel rail.
Preferably, the roller comprises a roller base, a roller and a roller bearing, and the roller is mounted on the base through the roller bearing.
Preferably, the stretching amount of the steel rail in the step S27 is calculated by the following formula:
ΔL＝α·L·Δt
wherein, Δ L is the calculated stretching amount of the steel rail at each temporary displacement observation point, and α is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel rail of 0.0118; Δ t is the difference between the design lock rail temperature and the lock operation rail temperature.
Preferably, the end point of the rail in step S28 is stretched by the rail stretcher, and the stretching length is calculated by the following formula:
L＝α×(l1+l2)×(t1－t2)
wherein alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel rail of 0.0118 mm/DEG C; l1 is the length of the rail section of the current diffusing unit; l2 is the length of the telescopic area of the previous unit track section, and 100m is taken; t1 is the designed locking rail temperature; and t2 is the rail temperature during rail pulling.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of:
s31, lifting the steel rail and removing the roller device;
s32, mounting all steel rail fasteners through a spike bolt tightening machine;
and S33, making a displacement observation mark.
Compared with the prior art, the long rail laying stress relieving and locking method provided by the invention has the advantages that the rail fastener is disassembled by adopting the spike bolt tightening machine, so that the workload of workers is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. And the labor cost can be further reduced and the working efficiency can be improved through the automatic rail collision device and the steel rail stretching machine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to an embodiment, in which each component is mounted on a steel rail;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the spike bolt tensioner of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a portion of the spike bolt tightener shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rail hoist of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rail hoist of FIG. 4 configured to hold a rail;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rail hoist of FIG. 4 lifting a rail;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the roller device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the automatic rail striking machine and the stop block shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the automatic rail strike and stop illustrated in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the rail stretcher shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the displacement recorder shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the practical limit conditions of the present application, so that the modifications of the structures, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, do not have the technical essence, and the modifications, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, are all within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application.
The invention provides a long rail laying stress diffusing and locking method, which comprises the following steps: s1, disassembling a steel rail fastener by using a spike bolt tightening machine, and lifting a steel rail; s2, stress dissipation is carried out on the steel rail; s3, lifting the steel rail and mounting a steel rail fastener; the step S2 includes the steps of: s21, installing an automatic rail collision device; s22, installing a steel rail stretcher; s23, pre-stretching the impact steel rail; s24, setting temporary observation point marks at intervals; s25, mounting a displacement recorder and a rail temperature measurer; s26, measuring the rail temperature and calculating the stretching amount of each point; s27, stretching the steel rail by using the steel rail stretching machine, impacting the steel rail by using the automatic rail impacting device, and observing displacement of each point; and S28, enabling the displacement of each point to reach the requirement of dispersion. The long rail laying stress diffusing and locking method can effectively reduce labor cost and improve working efficiency.
Please refer to fig. 1 to fig. 11. The embodiment provides a long rail laying stress relieving and locking method, in particular to a ballastless track bed long rail laying stress relieving and locking method, which comprises the following steps:
s0, construction preparation;
specifically, the S0 construction preparation comprises the following steps:
s01, detecting the geometric dimension of the track, the elevation of the track surface, the line center line position, the rigidity of the sleeper lower track bed, the transverse resistance and the welding quality of the track, knowing the change rule of the local track temperature and determining the locking construction time.
And S02, embedding the displacement observation piles according to the design file and the relevant standard requirements, and numbering.
And S03, the field technical responsible person needs to give a deal to the operating personnel again, and the operation is executed strictly according to the operation instruction and the technical give-up content.
And S04, confirming the operation state of the construction equipment.
In this embodiment, the step S04 is specifically to confirm that the spike bolt tightening/loosening machine, the rail hoisting machine, the rail stretching machine, the automatic rail collision machine, the displacement recorder, the roller device, and the rail temperature measuring device are in good operation.
And S05, marking temporary displacement observation points, marking the temporary displacement observation points on the steel rail, properly encrypting the observation points according to field conditions, setting 1 temporary displacement observation point every 100m to serve as a temporary displacement observation point during the stress relief of the steel rail, and judging whether the stress relief is complete or not by observing the displacement of the steel rail.
S1, disassembling a steel rail fastener by using a spike bolt tightening machine 100, lifting a steel rail by using a steel rail lifter, and putting the steel rail into a roller device.
Specifically, the step S1 includes the following steps:
s11, removing all rail fasteners in the range of the unit rail joints to be diffused from two ends by using the spike bolt tightening machine 100.
The spike bolt tightener 100 travels on the laid steel rail for installation and removal of the spike bolts. Specifically, the spike bolt tightening machine 100 comprises a frame 10, a spike bolt tightening device 20, a protective cover 30, a tool box 40, an electric control cabinet 50 and a power supply 60, wherein the spike bolt tightening device 20 is installed on the frame 10 for tightening and loosening the spike bolt, the protective cover 30 is covered on the spike bolt tightening device 20, and the protective cover 30 is respectively connected with the frame 10 and the spike bolt tightening device 20. The tool box 40 and the electric control cabinet 50 are both mounted on the rack 10. The power supply 60 is mounted on the frame 10 and electrically connected to the spike bolt tensioner 20. It can be understood that the spike bolt tightening and loosening device 20 can effectively improve the working efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of workers and reduce the labor cost. Through protection casing 30 can be good right spike bolt take-up unit 20 protects, effectively avoids causing because of colliding with during transportation, construction spike bolt take-up unit 20 takes place to damage, thereby has ensured the stability and the work efficiency of rail fastener spike bolt take-up unit 100 work. Meanwhile, the power supply 60 is arranged on the rack 10, and can well provide energy for the spike bolt tightening and loosening device 20, so that the spike bolt tightening and loosening device 20 is more convenient to use.
The spike bolt tightening and loosening devices 20 are two, the two spike bolt tightening and loosening devices 20 are arranged at two ends of the rack 10 along the length direction of the rack 10, one protective cover 30 is arranged on each spike bolt tightening and loosening device 20 in a matched mode, and the two spike bolt tightening and loosening devices 20 are arranged on two rails of a track in a matched mode. That is, the distance between the two spike bolt tightening mechanisms 20 is equal to the distance between the two rails, so that each spike bolt tightening mechanism 20 can be disposed corresponding to one rail. Therefore, the rail fastener spike bolt tightening machine 100 can simultaneously tighten and loosen the spike bolts of the two rails, and the working efficiency is further improved.
Preferably, a rain-proof strip is arranged on the inner side of the opening and closing door of the electric control cabinet 50. Specifically, automatically controlled 50 internally mounted of cabinet have electrical component, through setting up rain-proof strip can effectually block the rainwater, prevents to lead to electrical component to damage because of the rainwater.
Preferably, the power source 60 is a lithium battery, and the lithium battery is located in the tool box 40. Specifically, the lithium battery adopts the high strength sheet metal shell, and direct current voltage display appearance voltage control has advantages such as light in weight, duration are strong, is fit for accurate class equipment and uses. Meanwhile, the lithium battery is arranged in the tool box 40, so that the lithium battery can be well protected.
Preferably, spike bolt take-up unit 20 includes backup pad 21, walking wheel assembly 22, deflector 23, connecting plate 24, take-up mechanism 25 and elevating system 26, walking wheel assembly 22 install in backup pad 21 and can drive backup pad 21 removes. The guide plate 23 is attached to the support plate 21, and a guide rail extending in the height direction is provided in the guide plate 23. The connecting plate 24 includes a connecting plate body 241 and a slider fixed on the connecting plate body 241, and the slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, that is, the slider can slide on the guide rail along the height direction. The tightening mechanism 25 is mounted on the connecting plate 24 to tighten or loosen the spike bolt. The lifting mechanism 26 is mounted on the guide plate 23 and connected to the connecting plate 24 for driving the connecting plate 24 to move in the height direction. Through the walking wheel assembly 22, thereby can make things convenient for the removal of rail fastener spike bolt strainer 100 makes the take-up mechanism 25 can more quick removal to required dismouting the spike bolt department, the effectual artificial working strength that has reduced, and also can improve right the dismouting efficiency of spike bolt. Simultaneously through the straining device 25 is automatic right the spike bolt carries out the dismouting, also can effectual artificial working strength of reduction and human cost, does not need the manual work to carry out progressively dismantlement through instruments such as spanners, and also effectual improvement is right the dismouting efficiency of spike bolt. The lifting mechanism 26 is arranged, the lifting mechanism 26 drives the connecting plate 24 to lift, and then the tightening mechanism 25 is driven to lift, so that the tightening mechanism 25 can be effectively ensured to accurately and effectively disassemble and assemble the spike bolt. The guide rail and the sliding block are arranged on the guide plate 23 and the connecting plate 24, and the guide plate 24 can be effectively guided when lifted by the aid of the sliding block and the guide rail, so that the lifting stability of the tightening mechanism 25 is ensured, the tightening mechanism 25 can be ensured to be smoothly contacted with the spike bolt, and the spike bolt can be tightened.
Preferably, the traveling wheel assembly 22 includes a driving traveling wheel 221 and an auxiliary traveling wheel 222, the driving traveling wheel 221 is installed at one side of the bottom of the support plate 21, and the auxiliary traveling wheel 222 is installed at the other side of the bottom of the support plate 21, so as to better ensure the balance during movement and ensure the stability of movement. And the working strength of manpower can be further reduced by providing power through the driving road wheels 221.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism 26 includes a lifting driving unit 261 and a screw rod 262, and the lifting driving unit 261 is mounted on the guide plate 23. The screw 262 is connected with an output shaft of the lifting driving unit 261 through a connecting shaft sleeve, and the lifting driving unit 261 is used for driving the screw 262 to rotate. The connecting plate body 241 is provided with a screw nut matched with the screw 262, that is, the connecting plate body 241 is provided with the screw nut capable of lifting on the screw 262. Therefore, the lead screw 262 is driven to rotate by the lifting driving unit 261, so that the lead screw nut can be driven to lift on the lead screw 262, the connecting plate 24 is driven to lift, and the tightening mechanism 25 is driven to lift. Through the mode of lead screw 262 driven for control more accurate, better assurance is to the control of tightening mechanism 25 height that goes up and down.
Preferably, the tightening mechanism 25 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 241 by bolts and nuts. The tightening mechanism 25 includes a tightening driving unit 251 and a tightening executing unit 252, the tightening executing unit 252 is disposed at an output end of the tightening driving unit 251, and the tightening driving unit 251 is configured to drive the tightening executing unit 252 to rotate. The tightness performing unit 252 includes a tightness shaft sleeve 2521, a short section 2522 and a tightness sleeve 2523, the short section 2522 and the tightness sleeve 2523 are disposed at opposite ends of the tightness shaft sleeve 2521, and the tightness sleeve 2523 is used to tighten or loosen the spike bolt. Specifically, the tightness driving unit 251 adopts a servo motor and a speed reducer, and can adopt standard parts, so that the tightness driving unit is convenient to purchase and replace. The tightening actuating unit 252 further includes a first pin 2524, a second pin 2525, a compression spring 2526, and a joint 2527, wherein the short joint 2522, the first pin 2524, the tightening sleeve 2521, and the compression spring 2526 are telescopic main components, and the second pin 254, the joint 2527, and the tightening sleeve 2523 are locking main components. The short section 2522 is installed in a blind hole of the flexible shaft sleeve 2521, the compression spring 2526 is installed in the flexible shaft sleeve 2521 through the cooperation of the first pin 2524 and an open slot of the flexible shaft sleeve 2521, and when the components are compressed, the short section 2522 slides the compression spring 2526 up and down through the first pin 2524 and the open slot of the flexible shaft sleeve 2521, so that the lifting function of the components is finally realized; the adapter 2527 is matched with the elastic shaft sleeve 2521 through the second pin 2525, the elastic sleeve 2523 is matched with the adapter 2527 through a spring ball clamp, and when the device rotates, the function of loosening and tightening the spike bolt is finally realized.
Preferably, the rail fastener spike bolt tightening machine 100 further includes a support roller assembly 70, wherein the support roller assembly 70 is mounted on the frame 10 and is located in the middle of the frame 10 to support the frame 10 in a rolling manner. Therefore, the supporting roller assembly 70 can balance the whole stress and facilitate the movement.
The spike bolt tightening machine 100 provided by the embodiment can realize automatic walking, automatic detection, automatic installation and disassembly according to construction requirements and program control, and realizes simultaneous construction of double tracks.
And S12, lifting the steel rail by using the steel rail lifter 200.
The rail lifter 200 travels on the laid rail and lifts the rail off the rail bearing table pad placing roller after the spike bolt is detached. The steel rail elevator 200 comprises an elevator frame 210, a steel rail lifting mechanism 220, an elevator traveling mechanism 230, an elevator guide wheel 240, an elevator rail locking mechanism 250, an elevator electric control cabinet and an elevator power supply. The elevator locking rail mechanism 250 is disposed on the elevator frame 210. The elevator traveling mechanism 230 and the elevator electric control cabinet are mounted on the elevator frame 210, and the elevator traveling mechanism 230 is used for driving the steel rail elevator 200 to travel on a steel rail, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced. The elevator electric control cabinet and the elevator power supply are used for providing power for each part in the steel rail elevator 200, so that the steel rail elevator 200 provided by the embodiment can automatically walk, automatically measure distance and automatically lift the steel rail according to construction requirements and program control during normal operation of each part, simultaneous construction of double rails is realized, and automatic continuous construction can be realized.
S13, placing a roller device 300 at the rail bottom every 10m or so, and enabling the bottom surface of the steel rail to be 5cm higher than the rail bearing surface, so that the steel rail is in a free telescopic state.
The roller device 300 is placed below a steel rail on a track bed and used for laying a steel rail, and the steel rail is 50mm higher than a rail bearing platform. The roller device 300 includes a roller device base 310, a roller 320, and a roller device bearing 330, wherein the roller 320 is mounted on the base 310 through the roller device bearing 330, so that the roller 320 can be well supported through the base 310, and the rotation between the roller 320 and the steel rail is not affected.
It can be understood that in the stress relieving process of the traditional steel rail, the steel rail is jacked up by a jack and is padded with rollers. In the embodiment, the steel rail lifter 200 can effectively reduce labor intensity of workers and increase construction efficiency.
S2, stress dissipation is conducted on the steel rail.
Specifically, the step S2 includes the following steps:
and S21, installing an automatic rail collision device.
Specifically, the automatic rail collision device comprises an automatic rail collision machine 400 and a stop block 500, and two automatic rail collision machines 400 are arranged on the unit track section double-strand steel rail.
The automatic rail collision machine 400 runs on the laid steel rail and is used for colliding the steel rail to release stress in the stretching process after the steel rail is lifted and separated from the rail bearing platform. The automatic rail impacting machine 400 comprises a rail impacting machine frame 410, a rail impacting machine traveling wheel 420, a rail impacting machine guide wheel 430, a rail impacting machine impacting hammer 440, a rail impacting machine protective cover 450, a rail impacting machine electric control cabinet and a rail impacting machine power supply. The rail striking machine protective cover 450 is arranged on the rail striking machine frame 410 and correspondingly covers all the components on the automatic rail striking machine 400, so that accidental damage to all the components is avoided. The rail collision machine electric control cabinet and the rail collision machine power supply are arranged on the rail collision machine frame 410 and electrically connected with the rail collision machine walking wheel 420, and the rail collision machine electric control cabinet and the rail collision machine power supply are used for providing energy for a driving mechanism of the rail collision machine walking wheel 420. The stopper 500 is arranged corresponding to the automatic rail collision machine 400, and the stopper 500 comprises a resistance block 510, a fastening seat 520 and a locking block 530.
The automatic rail collision machine 400 provided in this embodiment can realize the setting of the collision force value according to the construction requirements and program control, realize automatic walking, realize the simultaneous construction of double rails, and realize automatic continuous construction.
It can be understood that in the stress relieving process of the traditional steel rail, the head of the steel rail is drawn by using the rail drawing device, and the steel rail is acted by using the manual rail collision device in the drawing process of the steel rail, so that the stress on the steel rail section is completely relieved. In the embodiment, the automatic rail collision machine 400 is adopted, so that the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
And S22, installing a steel rail stretcher 600.
Specifically, the non-welded end of the long rail is fixed to the existing long rail by the rail stretcher 600.
In this embodiment, the rail stretching machine 600 can set the tension value according to the construction requirements and program control, automatically lock the rail, and realize the simultaneous construction of the double rails.
And S23, pre-stretching the impact steel rail.
And S24, setting temporary observation point marks at intervals.
And S25, mounting a displacement recorder 700 and a rail temperature measurer 800.
Specifically, two rail temperature measuring devices 800 are respectively arranged at two ends of each unit rail section, two rail temperature measuring devices 800 are arranged in the middle of each unit rail section, four rail temperature measuring devices 800 are arranged in total, and the displacement recorder 700 is installed at each temporary displacement observation point to make a zero point mark of the stretching displacement.
The displacement recorder 700 is respectively fixed on the track bed and the steel rail and used for recording the tensile displacement of the steel rail. The displacement recorder 700 comprises a displacement base 710, a cursor sliding block 720, a scale 730 and a display 740, wherein the scale 730 is arranged on the displacement base 710, the cursor sliding block 720 is arranged on the scale 730 and the displacement base 710 and is adsorbed on a steel rail when being used, and the display 740 is arranged on the cursor sliding block 720 and is used for recording the stretching displacement of the steel rail, so that digital display can be realized, and the digital display is clear.
In this embodiment, the displacement recorder 700 can be installed quickly, record and display in real time, and has high measurement accuracy.
The rail temperature measurer 800 is placed at the waist of the steel rail and used for measuring and displaying rail temperature.
And S26, measuring the rail temperature and calculating the stretching amount of each point.
And S27, stretching the steel rail by using the steel rail stretching machine, impacting the steel rail by using the automatic rail impacting device, and observing displacement of each point.
According to the length of the unit track sections and the difference of the average value of the actually measured track temperature, calculating the stretching amount of the steel rail according to a formula delta L = alpha.L.DELTA.t [ wherein delta L represents the stretching amount (mm) of the steel rail at each temporary displacement observation point; alpha-the linear expansion coefficient of the rail is 0.0118 (mm/(m DEG C)); delta t is the difference (DEG C) between the design locking rail temperature and the locking operation rail temperature; l is the distance (m) from each displacement observation point to the fixed end of the rail joint to be diffused. The rail is stretched by the combined action of a rail stretcher and an automatic rail collision device, and the change condition of the stretching displacement of each observation point is observed at the same time. Specifically, the rails are strung back and forth by using rail stretchers at two ends, whether the displacement of the rails linearly increases from the starting point to the end point is observed, and if the displacement of the rails does not linearly increase, the rails are strung again and the rails are collided at the positions with uneven displacement.
And S28, enabling the displacement of each point to meet the emission requirement.
When the displacement of each displacement observation point reaches a calculated value, the steel rail is considered to reach a uniform stress dispersion state, and each observation point is informed to mark. Stopping rail collision, maintaining the pressure of the stretcher, checking whether the roller inclines or falls off, whether the steel rail falls off or not, and the like, and preventing the rail end from displacing due to the pressure loss of the stretcher before the locking operation is finished. The internal stress of the steel rail is zero, at the moment, the operating rail temperature is lower than the locking rail temperature, the starting end of the unit rail joint is a fixed end, the welding of the steel rail is finished, the terminal end is stretched by a steel rail stretcher for the length L = Alx (L1 + L2) x (t 1-t 2) (wherein, the alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel rail and is 0.0118 mm/DEG C; the L1 is the length of the current diffusing unit rail joint; the L2 is the length of the expansion area of the previous unit rail joint and is 100m & lt 1 & gt, the locking rail temperature is designed, and the t2 is the rail temperature during rail stretching), and the steel rail is fixed by the steel rail stretcher after being stretched in place.
S3, lifting the steel rail, taking the roller device out, dropping the steel rail, and installing the steel rail fastener.
Specifically, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31, lifting the steel rail and removing the roller device.
The step S31 specifically includes: when the internal stress of the steel rail is zero and the rail temperature is in the locking rail temperature range or the unit rail joint is stretched to the locking rail temperature range, the rollers are sequentially removed by the automatic hoister from the diffusing starting point to the end point direction, and the steel rail falls into the rail bearing groove stably.
And S32, mounting all steel rail fasteners through a spike bolt tightening and loosening machine.
And S33, making a displacement observation mark.
The step S33 specifically includes: and after the steel rail is locked, immediately reading and recording the rail temperature as the construction locking rail temperature, and marking the displacement zero point of the steel rail on the outer side surface of the steel rail at the corresponding position of the embedded steel rail permanent displacement observation pile. And a section of small steel ruler is adhered to the outer side surfaces of the left and right strand steel rail heads at the position where the displacement observation pile is arranged, the scale of the small steel ruler is-50 mm, and the zero scale is vertically overlapped with the stay wire of the displacement observation pile.
It can be understood that in the traditional steel rail stress dissipation, the workload of dissipation is very large, and only a single steel rail can be dissipated at a time, so that the equipment is very heavy and the working efficiency is low. And adopt various construction equipment in this embodiment to two rail are under construction simultaneously, the effectual work efficiency that has improved, and also reduced artifical intensity of labour.
Compared with the prior art, the long rail laying stress relieving and locking method provided by the invention has the advantages that the rail fastener is disassembled by adopting the spike bolt tightening machine, so that the workload of workers is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. And the labor cost can be further reduced and the working efficiency can be improved through the automatic rail collision device and the steel rail stretching machine.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. A long rail laying stress relieving and locking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, disassembling a steel rail fastener by using a spike bolt tightening machine, lifting a steel rail by using a steel rail lifter, and putting the steel rail into a roller device;
s2, stress dissipation is carried out on the steel rail;
s3, lifting the steel rail, taking the roller device out, dropping the steel rail, and installing a steel rail fastener;
the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21, installing an automatic rail collision device;
s22, installing a steel rail stretcher;
s23, pre-stretching the impact steel rail;
s24, setting temporary observation point marks at intervals;
s25, installing a displacement recorder and a rail temperature measurer;
s26, measuring the rail temperature and calculating the stretching amount of each point;
s27, stretching the steel rail by using the steel rail stretching machine, impacting the steel rail by using the automatic rail impacting device, and observing displacement of each point;
and S28, enabling the displacement of each point to meet the diffusion requirement.
2. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step S1:
s0, construction preparation;
the step S0 includes the steps of:
s01, detecting the geometric dimension of the track, the elevation of the track surface, the position of a line center line, the rigidity of a sleeper lower track bed, transverse resistance and welding quality, knowing the change rule of local track temperature and determining locking construction time;
s02, embedding displacement observation piles according to design files and standard requirements, and numbering;
s03, returning the operation personnel again, and executing according to the operation instruction and the content of technical returning;
s04, confirming the running state of the construction equipment;
and S05, marking temporary displacement observation points, marking the temporary displacement observation points on the steel rail, properly encrypting the observation points according to field conditions, and setting 1 temporary displacement observation point every 100m as a temporary displacement observation point when the stress of the steel rail is released.
3. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 2, wherein the step S1 comprises the steps of:
s11, removing all steel rail fasteners in the range of the unit rail sections to be diffused from two ends by using a spike bolt tightening machine;
s12, lifting the steel rail by using a steel rail lifter;
s13, placing a roller at the bottom of the rail every 10m, and enabling the bottom surface of the rail to be higher than the rail bearing surface by 5cm.
4. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 3, wherein the spike bolt tightening machine comprises a frame, a spike bolt tightening device, a protective cover, a tool box, an electric control cabinet and a power supply, the spike bolt tightening device is mounted on the frame for tightening the spike bolt, the protective cover is covered on the spike bolt tightening device and is connected with the frame and the spike bolt tightening device respectively, the tool box and the electric control cabinet are mounted on the frame, and the power supply is mounted on the frame and is electrically connected with the spike bolt tightening device.
5. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 4, wherein two spike bolt tightening devices are provided, the two spike bolt tightening devices are arranged at two ends of the machine frame along the length direction of the machine frame, each spike bolt tightening device is provided with one protection cover in a matching manner, and the two spike bolt tightening devices are arranged in a matching manner with two rails of a track.
6. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 5, wherein the rail elevator comprises an elevator frame, a rail lifting mechanism, an elevator traveling mechanism, an elevator guide wheel, an elevator rail locking mechanism, an elevator electric control cabinet and an elevator power supply, the elevator rail locking mechanism is arranged on the elevator frame, the elevator rail locking mechanism comprises a rail locking driving mechanism and a rail locking executing mechanism, the rail locking driving mechanism is used for controlling the rail locking executing mechanism to be opened and closed, the elevator traveling mechanism, the elevator electric control cabinet and the elevator power supply are mounted on the elevator frame, and the elevator traveling mechanism is used for driving the rail elevator to travel on a rail.
7. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 6, wherein the roller comprises a roller base, a roller, and a roller bearing, and the roller is mounted on the base through the roller bearing.
8. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 7, wherein the stretching amount of the steel rail in the step S27 is obtained by calculating according to the following formula:
ΔL＝α·L·Δt
wherein, Δ L is the calculated stretching amount of the steel rail at each temporary displacement observation point, and α is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel rail of 0.0118; Δ t is the difference between the design lock rail temperature and the lock operation rail temperature.
9. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 8, wherein the terminal end of the steel rail in the step S28 is stretched by the steel rail stretcher, and the stretching length is calculated by the following formula:
L＝α×(l1+l2)×(t1－t2)
wherein alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel rail of 0.0118 mm/DEG C; l1 is the length of the current diffusing unit track section; l2 is the length of the telescopic area of the previous unit track section, and 100m is taken; t1 is the designed locking rail temperature; and t2 is the rail temperature during rail pulling.
10. The long rail laying stress relieving and locking method according to claim 9, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s31, lifting the steel rail and removing the roller device;
s32, installing all steel rail fasteners through a spike bolt tightening machine;
and S33, making a displacement observation mark.
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| CN202110564864.6A CN113215876B (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Long rail laying stress relieving and locking method |
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| CN202110564864.6A CN113215876B (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Long rail laying stress relieving and locking method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5392504A (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 1995-02-28 | Everts & Van Der Weijden Exploitatie Maatschappij Ewen B.V. | Spring clip remover and removal method |
| CZ285403B6 (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1999-08-11 | Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M. B. H. | Track-building machine |
| CN101469527B (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2012-12-12 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Long rail locking construction method under low temperature condition |
| CN102814646B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏中技桩业有限公司 | A kind of intelligent positioning fully automatic bolt degree of tightness machine |
| CN103397582B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-06-29 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Gapless track stress dispersion and locking method |
| CN206553845U (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-10-13 | 山东交通学院 | Railway rail destressing car to be renewed |
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