CN113214870A - Method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method - Google Patents
Method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113214870A CN113214870A CN202110269839.5A CN202110269839A CN113214870A CN 113214870 A CN113214870 A CN 113214870A CN 202110269839 A CN202110269839 A CN 202110269839A CN 113214870 A CN113214870 A CN 113214870A
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- side wall
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10H—PRODUCTION OF ACETYLENE BY WET METHODS
- C10H21/00—Details of acetylene generators; Accessory equipment for, or features of, the wet production of acetylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
- B02C23/12—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/24—Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/005—Processes comprising at least two steps in series
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/11—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10H—PRODUCTION OF ACETYLENE BY WET METHODS
- C10H21/00—Details of acetylene generators; Accessory equipment for, or features of, the wet production of acetylene
- C10H21/14—Ventilation means; Cooling devices
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of acetylene production methods, and particularly discloses a calcium carbide method acetylene production method, which comprises the following steps: s1: putting a calcium carbide raw material into an acetylene generator to react with water to generate crude acetylene gas; the acetylene generator mainly comprises a calcium carbide crushing mechanism, a tower body, a conveying mechanism for connecting the calcium carbide crushing mechanism and the tower body, and a reaction mechanism arranged in the tower body and used for providing a reaction place for calcium carbide and water; s2: cooling the crude acetylene gas generated in the step S1 by a cooler, and cleaning the cooled crude acetylene gas by a sodium hypochlorite solution through a cleaning tower to remove impurity gases; s3: and (4) neutralizing the acetylene gas cleaned in the step S2 by using an alkaline solution, and then drying and separating water vapor to obtain the acetylene gas. The preparation method has the advantages of improving the utilization rate of the calcium carbide and the production efficiency of acetylene.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of acetylene production, in particular to a method for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method.
Background
Acetylene, commonly known as aeolian coal or acetylene gas, is the smallest volume member of the alkyne compounds. Acetylene is commonly used for industrial purposes, particularly in the welding of metals.
The most common production method of acetylene is a calcium carbide method, and the production is carried out by utilizing the principle that calcium carbide reacts with water to generate acetylene. The calcium carbide process generally comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing a calcium carbide raw material into small-sized calcium carbide; secondly, conveying the calcium carbide to a generator to contact with water for hydrolysis reaction to generate acetylene gas and calcium hydroxide and release heat; thirdly, cleaning the crude acetylene gas to remove impurity gas; fourthly, sending the acetylene gas into an acetylene cylinder by a compressor after oil-water separation. Through the four steps, the calcium carbide raw material is generated into the industrial acetylene gas.
However, in the acetylene production process, because the size control of the calcium carbide raw material and the hydrolysis reaction degree of the calcium carbide and water have great influence on the production efficiency of acetylene gas and the utilization rate of the calcium carbide, the calcium carbide raw material is usually simply crushed and then put into a reactor for reaction in the related acetylene production process, and it is difficult to control the production rate of acetylene and effectively and completely utilize the calcium carbide raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the control of the acetylene production process and the utilization rate of calcium carbide, the application provides a calcium carbide method for producing acetylene.
The calcium carbide method acetylene production method provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method comprises the following steps:
s1: putting a calcium carbide raw material into an acetylene generator to react with water to generate crude acetylene gas; the acetylene generator mainly comprises a calcium carbide crushing mechanism, a tower body, a conveying mechanism for connecting the calcium carbide crushing mechanism and the tower body, a screening mechanism arranged in the tower body and a reaction mechanism arranged in the tower body and used for providing a reaction place for the calcium carbide and water;
s2: cooling the crude acetylene gas generated in the step S1 by a cooler, and cleaning the cooled crude acetylene gas by a sodium hypochlorite solution through a cleaning tower to remove impurity gases;
s3: and (4) neutralizing the acetylene gas cleaned in the step S2 by using an alkaline solution, and then drying and separating water vapor to obtain the acetylene gas.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the acetylene generator that adopts carbide rubbing crusher mechanism, conveying mechanism, screening mechanism and reaction mechanism combination to obtain has can smash the screening to the raw materials carbide to the carbide granule size that the adjustment is gone into to carry out the reaction in the tower body, can adjust the size of carbide granule according to actual need's the efficiency of production acetylene, thereby improves the controllability to acetylene production efficiency. And the calcium carbide particles after being screened do not have larger particles, and the sizes among the calcium carbide particles are uniform, so that the utilization rate of the calcium carbide particles during reaction is higher, and the reaction process is not easily influenced by the coating of impurities after the reaction of the surface calcium carbide raw materials.
Preferably, the calcium carbide crushing mechanism comprises a crushing box body, at least two crushing rollers are installed in the crushing box body, the rotating directions of the adjacent crushing rollers are opposite, convex blocks used for extruding raw materials are arranged on the peripheral side walls of the crushing rollers, and a first driving assembly used for driving the crushing rollers is installed on the outer side wall of the crushing box body;
the feeding assembly is arranged above the crushing roller and comprises a sliding frame connected with the inner side wall of the crushing box body, a feeding hopper with the sliding direction perpendicular to the axis of the crushing roller is slidably mounted on the sliding frame, a second driving assembly used for driving the feeding hopper to slide on the sliding frame is further mounted on the crushing box body, a raw material storage box body is mounted on the top wall of the crushing box body, a raw material outlet is formed in the bottom wall of the raw material storage box body, a raw material inlet is formed in the top wall of the crushing box body, and a first valve assembly used for controlling the opening and closing of the raw material inlet is mounted on the side wall of the crushing box body; and a second valve assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the outlet of the feed hopper is arranged on the outlet of the feed hopper.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the feed hopper is delivered the raw materials carbide piece in the raw materials storage box to crushing roller on to crushing is carried out through the extrusion power effect between the adjacent crushing roller. Set up a plurality of crushing rollers and can improve the crushing efficiency to the carbide raw materials, and can put in each crushing roller top evenly with the carbide raw materials through the driven feeder hopper of second drive assembly to improve crushing efficiency.
Preferably, a baffle plate connected with the side wall of the crushing box body is arranged below the crushing roller, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the baffle plate, a plurality of fans which are in one-to-one correspondence with the air outlets are installed on one side of the baffle plate, which is far away from the crushing roller, a layer of filter screen is installed on one side of the baffle plate, which is close to the crushing roller, a dust outlet is formed in the side wall of the crushing box body, and the bottom wall of the crushing box body is obliquely and downwards arranged from one end, which is far away from the dust outlet, to one end, which is close to the outlet; one side of smashing the box is provided with the dust bin, the feed inlet and the dust export of dust bin are linked together, the dust advances the pipe and is linked together with the dust export.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the carbide can produce more carbide dust at kibbling in-process, and this part dust can be collected the bottom of smashing the box through the air current that the fan produced to accomodate the dust in the dust bin, thereby improve the utilization ratio to the raw materials.
Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, a crushed material outlet is formed in the side wall of the crushing box body, the baffle is arranged in a manner that one end, far away from the crushed material outlet, of the baffle is inclined downwards to one end, close to the crushed material outlet, of the baffle, one end of the first conveying pipeline is communicated with the crushed material outlet, a first raw material inlet is formed in the side wall of the top of the tower body, the other end of the first conveying pipeline is communicated with the first raw material inlet, a first conveying belt is installed in the first conveying pipeline along the length direction of the first conveying pipeline, and a third valve used for controlling the opening and closing of the first raw material inlet is arranged on the tower body;
the second raw materials import has been seted up on the lateral wall of the bottom of tower body, second pipeline's one end is linked together with the dust bin, second pipeline's the other end is linked together with the import of second raw materials, install the second conveyer belt along second pipeline's length direction in the second pipeline, still be equipped with the fourth valve that is used for controlling the import switching of second raw materials on the tower body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the top of tower body is carried through first pipeline to the carbide granule after smashing, sieves, and the carbide dust in the dust bin passes through second pipeline and carries the tower body bottom. The dust reacts at the bottom of the tower body, and the contact area of the dust with water is large due to small particles of the dust, so that acetylene gas is generated more violently, the generated acetylene gas forms an acetylene airflow upwards along the tower body, and the acetylene airflow with water vapor can contact the sieved calcium carbide crushed aggregates, so that the acetylene production speed of the calcium carbide crushed aggregates is increased.
Preferably, first drive assembly includes first driving motor, driving pulley, driven pulley, driving gear, a plurality of driven gear and belt, first driving motor installs on the lateral wall of smashing the box, key connection has driving pulley on first driving motor's the output shaft, it is connected with driven pulley still to rotate on the lateral wall of smashing the box, and is a plurality of crushing roller divide into a initiative crushing roller and remaining driven crushing roller, the axis of rotation of initiative crushing roller passes the lateral wall and the driven pulley key-type connection of smashing the box, it has the driving gear to go back the key-type connection in the axis of rotation of initiative crushing roller, key connection has driven gear in the axis of rotation of driven crushing roller, the driving gear meshes with adjacent driven gear mutually, and links to each other mesh between the driven gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first drive assembly during operation, first driving motor's output shaft rotates and drives the driving pulley and rotate, and the driving pulley rotates and drives belt transmission, and belt transmission drives driven pulleys and rotates, and driven pulleys rotates and drives to rotate and rotate crushing roller to drive the driving gear simultaneously and rotate, and the driving gear rotates and drives driven gear and rotate, and driven gear rotates and drives driven crushing roller and rotate, and the initiative is smashed the roller and is rotated with driven crushing roller, thereby smashes the carbide raw materials.
Preferably, the second drive assembly is including installing the second driving motor on smashing the box lateral wall, the sliding tray has been seted up along the length direction of carriage on the carriage, fixedly connected with sliding block on the lateral wall that feeder hopper and carriage link to each other, the sliding block slides with the sliding tray and links to each other, it is connected with the ball to rotate on the diapire of sliding block, the roll groove has been seted up along the length direction of sliding tray to the tank bottom of sliding tray, the ball rolls with the roll groove and is connected, the length direction who follows the sliding tray in the tower body rotates and is connected with the screw rod, the lateral wall that the tower body was passed to second driving motor's output shaft links to each other with the screw rod, set up threaded hole on the sliding block, screw rod and screw hole threaded connection.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the during operation of second drive assembly, second driving motor's output shaft drives the screw rod and rotates, and the screw rod rotates and drives the sliding block and slide in the sliding tray, and the rolling connection between ball and the rolling tray can reduce the frictional resistance between sliding block and the carriage, and the slip of sliding block drives the feeder hopper and slides to make the feeder hopper can disperse the raw materials on each crushing roller uniformly.
Preferably, the screening mechanism comprises a screening plate below the first raw material inlet, the screening plate is arranged from one end close to the first raw material inlet to one end far away from the first raw material inlet in an inclined and downward manner, one end of the screening plate far away from the first raw material inlet is fixedly connected with a deposition plate with a horizontal end, and the deposition plate is connected with the side wall of the tower body; a feed back port is formed in the side wall of the tower body, a fifth valve component for controlling the feed back port to be opened and closed is further arranged on the side wall of the tower body, and a pushing mechanism is mounted on one side, away from the feed back port, of the tower body;
the screening plate is provided with first screening holes, one side of the screening plate is hinged with a first adjusting plate, the other side of the screening plate is hinged with a second adjusting plate, the first adjusting plate, the second adjusting plate and the screening plate are overlapped from top to bottom in sequence, the second adjusting plate is provided with second screening holes overlapped with the first screening holes, the first adjusting plate is provided with third screening holes overlapped with the second screening holes, and the aperture sizes of the first screening holes, the second screening holes and the third screening holes are reduced in sequence;
a first adjusting motor and a second adjusting motor are mounted on the side wall of the tower body, an output shaft of the first adjusting motor penetrates through the side wall of the tower body to be connected with a hinged shaft of a first adjusting plate, and an output shaft of the second adjusting motor penetrates through the side wall of the tower body to be connected with a hinged shaft of a second adjusting plate;
and electromagnets for attracting the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate are further mounted on the side walls of the two sides of the tower body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, screening mechanism can overturn through first regulating motor and the first regulating plate of second regulating motor drive and second regulating plate to it has second screening hole or the coincidence to have second screening hole and third screening hole to make to coincide on the first screening hole on the screening board, thereby changes the carbide granule size that can sieve on the screening board. The calcium carbide particles with different sizes can be selected according to the requirement of the reaction rate when the calcium carbide particles are reacted by screening the sizes of the calcium carbide crushed particles.
Preferably, the reaction mechanism comprises a plurality of guide plates arranged below the screening mechanism, one ends of the plurality of guide plates are alternately connected to the side walls of two sides of the tower body along the height direction of the tower body, the other ends of the guide plates are arranged obliquely downwards, and a falling gap is formed between the other ends of the guide plates and the side wall of the tower body; the two ends of the guide plates close to the bottom of the tower body are fixedly connected with the side wall of the tower body, a slag discharging port for discharging slag is formed in the side wall of the tower body, and a sixth valve for controlling the opening and the closing of the slag discharging port is installed at the slag discharging port;
a spray head group connected with the side wall of the tower body is arranged above each guide plate, and the spray heads face the guide plates below the spray heads; the upper surfaces of the guide plates are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped clamping grooves;
the reaction mechanism also comprises a reaction plate arranged below the second raw material inlet, a rotating motor is arranged on the bottom wall of the tower body, a rotating disc is rotatably connected to the reaction plate, and an output shaft of the rotating motor is in key connection with the rotating disc; and a spray head group connected with the side wall of the tower body is also arranged above the rotating disc.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reaction mechanism is through setting up a plurality of guide boards for fall down in proper order along the guide board on falling the guide board through screening mechanism, and in the part draw-in groove that is attached to on the guide board, make the tourmaline powder crushed aggregates distribute evenly. And then the water sprayed by the nozzle group reacts with the calcium carbide crushed particles to produce acetylene gas.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because this application adopts the acetylene generator that has the screening function, because the acetylene generator can sieve the raw materials carbide for the carbide can select for use different size carbide granules to react according to the operating mode of difference, improves the utilization ratio to the carbide and to acetylene production rate's controllability.
2. Preferentially adopt in this application to have and separately collect the carbide rubbing crusher who smashes granule material and dust to through the transport raw materials of different positions in the tower body, thereby improve the reaction effect of carbide and the utilization ratio of carbide.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a calcium carbide crushing mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a tower body according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of a calcium carbide crushing mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a tower body according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a calcium carbide crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a first valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a feeding assembly of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a second valve assembly of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a pulverizing roller and a first drive assembly of an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a sectional view of a tower body of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a sifting mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a third valve assembly, a fourth valve assembly, a fifth valve assembly, and a sixth valve assembly of an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a calcium carbide crushing mechanism; 11. a crushing box body; 12. a raw material storage box body; 121. a raw material inlet; 122. a raw material outlet; 123. a first valve assembly; 124. a first driving cylinder; 125. a first control board; 13. a feed assembly; 131. a carriage; 132. a sliding groove; 133. a feed hopper; 134. a slider; 135. a ball bearing; 136. a rolling groove; 14. a second drive assembly; 141. a second drive motor; 142. a screw; 143. a threaded hole; 144. a guide bar; 145. a guide hole; 15. a second valve component; 151. the second valve controls the motor; 152. a control block; 16. a crushing roller; 161. a bump; 162. an active crushing roller; 163. a driven pulverizing roller; 17. a first drive assembly; 171. a first drive motor; 172. a driving pulley; 173. a driven pulley; 174. a driving gear; 175. a driven gear; 176. a belt; 18. a baffle plate; 181. a filter screen; 182. a fan; 19. a crushed material outlet; 191. a dust outlet; 192. a dust storage bin; 2. a tower body; 3. a conveying mechanism; 31. a first feedstock inlet; 32. a second feedstock inlet; 33. a first delivery conduit; 34. a second delivery conduit; 35. a first conveyor belt; 36. a second conveyor belt; 37. a third valve assembly; 38. a fourth valve assembly; 4. a screening mechanism; 41. a screening plate; 42. a first adjusting plate; 43. a second adjusting plate; 44. depositing a plate; 441. a feed back port; 442. a push cylinder; 443. a push plate; 444. a return conduit; 45. a first screening aperture; 451. a second screening aperture; 452. a third screening aperture; 453. a first adjustment motor; 454. second adjusting electricity; 456. an electromagnet; 46. a fifth valve component; 5. a reaction mechanism; 51. a guide plate; 511. a drop gap; 512. a card slot; 52. a slag discharge port; 53. a sixth valve component; 54. a nozzle group; 541. a water conduit; 542. a spray head; 55. a reaction plate; 56. rotating the motor; 57. rotating the disc; 58. a closing plate; 6. a valve motor; 61. and a second control panel.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
Examples
A method for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method comprises the following steps:
s1: putting a calcium carbide raw material into an acetylene generator to react with water to generate crude acetylene gas; the structure of the acetylene generator is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and mainly comprises a calcium carbide crushing mechanism 1, a tower body 2, a conveying mechanism 3 for connecting the calcium carbide crushing mechanism 1 and the tower body 2, and a reaction mechanism 5 arranged in the tower body 2 and used for providing a reaction place for calcium carbide and water;
s2: cooling the crude acetylene gas generated in the step S1 by a cooler, and cleaning the cooled crude acetylene gas by a sodium hypochlorite solution through a cleaning tower to remove impurity gases;
s3: and neutralizing the acetylene gas cleaned in the step S2 by using an alkaline solution, and drying and separating water vapor to obtain the acetylene gas.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, carbide rubbing crusher 1 includes rectangular bodily form's crushing box 11, and crushing box 11 roof one end fixed mounting has raw materials to store box 12, has seted up raw materials import 121 along the width direction who smashes box 11 on crushing box 11's the roof, offers the raw materials export 122 with raw materials import 121 coincidence and intercommunication on raw materials store box 12 and the lateral wall that smashes box 11 and link to each other.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first valve assembly 123 for controlling the opening and closing of the raw material inlet 121 is installed on the pulverizing box 11, the first valve assembly 123 includes a first driving cylinder 124 and a first control plate 125, three first driving cylinders 124 are installed on the side wall of the pulverizing box 11 along the width direction of the pulverizing box 11, a movable groove is opened on the side wall of the raw material inlet 121, the first control plate 125 is installed in the movable groove in a sliding manner, and a piston rod of the first driving cylinder 124 penetrates through the side wall of the pulverizing box 11 to be fixedly connected with the first control plate 125. By controlling the first driving cylinder 124, the first control plate 125 enters or extends out of the movable slot, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the opening and closing of the raw material inlet 121.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a feeding assembly 13 is installed at one end of the crushing box 11 near the top wall of the crushing box 11, the feeding assembly 13 includes a sliding frame 131 disposed along the length direction of the crushing box 11, and the sliding frame 131 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing box 11. Sliding grooves 132 are formed in the sliding frame 131 along the length direction of the sliding frame 131, a feed hopper 133 is slidably mounted in the crushing box body 11 along the length direction of the crushing box body 11, sliding blocks 134 are fixedly connected to the side walls of two sides of the feed hopper 133, and the sliding blocks 134 are slidably connected with the sliding grooves 132. The bottom wall of the sliding block 134 is rotatably connected with a ball 135, a rolling groove 136 is formed in the side wall of the sliding groove 132 connected with the bottom wall of the sliding block 134 along the length direction of the sliding frame 131, and the ball 135 is connected with the rolling groove 136 in a rolling manner.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the pulverizing casing 11 is further provided with a second driving unit 14 for driving the feeding hopper 133 to slide along the length direction of the sliding frame 131, and the second driving unit 14 includes a second driving motor 141 fixedly installed on an outer side wall of one end of the pulverizing casing 11. A screw 142 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 131 on one side of the pulverizing casing 11 along the length direction of the sliding groove 132, and an output shaft of a second driving motor 141 is fixedly connected to the screw 142 through a side wall of the pulverizing casing 11. The sliding block 134 near the screw 142 is provided with a threaded hole 143 which is in threaded fit with the screw 142, and the screw 142 passes through the threaded hole 143 and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole 143. The sliding rack 131 on the other side of the pulverizing box 11 is rotatably connected with a guide rod 144 along the length direction of the sliding slot 132, a sliding block 134 near the guide rod 144 is provided with a guide hole 145, and the guide rod 144 is connected with the guide hole 145 in a sliding manner.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the second valve assembly 15 is mounted at the outlet of the feeding hopper 133, the second valve assembly 15 includes a second valve control motor 151 mounted on the side wall of the outlet of the feeding hopper 133 and a column-shaped control block 152 rotatably mounted in the outlet of the feeding hopper 133, the output shaft of the second valve control motor 151 passes through the side wall of the feeding hopper 133 to be fixedly connected with the control block 152, and the control block 152 is provided with a discharge hole penetrating through the control block 152. When the second valve control motor 151 drives the control block 152 to rotate until the discharging port is consistent with the outlet discharging direction of the feeding hopper 133, the feeding hopper 133 discharges. When the second valve control motor 151 drives the control block 152 to rotate until the discharging port is perpendicular to the discharging direction of the outlet of the feeding hopper 133, the feeding hopper 133 does not discharge.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, a plurality of pulverizing rollers 16 are provided under the hopper 133 at equal intervals along the length direction of the pulverizing casing 11, and the rotating shaft of each pulverizing roller 16 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the pulverizing casing 11. The peripheral side walls of the crushing roller 16 are each provided with a projection 161.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, a first driving assembly 17 for driving the rotation of the pulverizing roller 16 is provided on an outer sidewall of the pulverizing casing 11. The first driving assembly 17 includes a first driving motor 171, a driving pulley 172, a driven pulley 173, a driving gear 174, a driven gear 175, and a belt 176. The first driving motor 171 is fixedly installed on the outer sidewall of the pulverizing casing 11, and a driving pulley 172 is keyed on the output shaft of the first driving motor 171. Each of the crushing rollers 16 includes a driving crushing roller 162 adjacent to the first driving motor 171 and the remaining driven crushing roller 163, a driven pulley 173 is keyed to a rotation shaft of the driving crushing roller 162, and a belt 176 is installed between the driving pulley 172 and the driven pulley 173. A driving gear 174 is further keyed to the rotation shaft of the driving pulverizing roller 162, a driven gear 175 is keyed to the rotation shaft of each driven pulverizing roller 163, the driving gear 174 is engaged with the adjacent driven gear 175, and the adjacent driven gears 175 are engaged with each other.
Referring to fig. 3, baffles 18 are provided in the pulverizing casing 11 below the pulverizing rollers 16, and four side walls of the baffles 18 are fixedly connected to four side walls of the pulverizing casing 11. Smash the one end of box 11 and seted up crushing material export 19, baffle 18 is by keeping away from the one end of crushing material export 19 to the one end slope setting that is close to crushing material export 19, and smash the lower terminal surface of material export 19 and the upper surface of baffle 18 near the one end of crushing material export 19 and flush mutually.
Referring to fig. 3, a filter screen 181 is fixedly connected to the baffle 18, each of the baffles 18 is provided with an air outlet, and each of the air outlets is provided with a fan 182 fixedly mounted on the baffle 18, and the fan 182 generates an air flow flowing from a side of the baffle 18 close to the crushing roller 16 to a side of the baffle 18 away from the crushing roller 16.
The fans 182 work 3 at a time, and the rest fans 182 do not work to prevent the dust from being generated due to the excessive air pressure at the bottom of the crushing box body.
Referring to fig. 3, a dust outlet 191 is formed in the sidewall of the pulverizing casing 11 below the baffle 18, one end of the bottom wall of the pulverizing casing 11 far from the dust outlet 191 is inclined toward one end close to the dust outlet 191, and the lower end surface of the dust outlet 191 is flush with the inner sidewall of the bottom wall of the pulverizing casing 11. A dust storage tank 192 is provided at one side of the pulverizing box 11, and a feed inlet of the dust storage tank 192 is communicated with a dust outlet 191.
The fans 182 are operated 3 at a time, and the remaining fans 182 are not operated to prevent the dust storage bin 192 from being impacted by the excessive air pressure at the bottom of the pulverizing casing 11.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, a tower body 2 is provided at one side of the pulverizing box 11, and a conveying mechanism 3 is provided between the tower body 2 and the pulverizing box 11. The top side wall of the tower body 2 is provided with a first raw material inlet 31, and the bottom side wall of the tower body 2 is provided with a second raw material inlet 32. The conveying mechanism 3 comprises a first conveying pipe 33 for communicating the pulverized material outlet 19 with the first raw material inlet 31 and a second conveying pipe 34 for communicating the dust removal box with the second raw material inlet 32. A first conveyor belt 35 is installed in the first conveyance duct 33 along the longitudinal direction of the first conveyance duct 33, and a second conveyor belt 36 is installed in the second conveyance duct 34.
The first material inlet 31 is provided with a third valve assembly 37 for controlling the opening and closing of the first material inlet 31, and the second material inlet 32 is provided with a fourth valve assembly 38 for controlling the opening and closing of the second material inlet 32.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a sieving mechanism 4 is installed in the tower body 2, and the sieving mechanism 4 is disposed below the first raw material inlet 31. The screening mechanism 4 comprises a screening plate 41 which is obliquely and downwards arranged from one end close to the first raw material inlet 31 to one end far away from the first raw material inlet 31, and one end, far away from the first raw material inlet 31, of the screening plate 41 is fixedly connected with a section of horizontally arranged deposition plate 44. The lateral wall of one side of screening board 41 articulates on has first regulating plate 42, and it has second regulating plate 43 to articulate on the lateral wall of the other side of screening board 41, and first regulating plate 42, second regulating plate 43 and screening board 41 overlap from the top down in proper order and set up. A plurality of first screening holes 45 have been seted up at interval equidistance on screening board 41, all be equipped with on second regulating plate 43 with first screening hole 45 coincidence's second screening hole 451, all be equipped with on first regulating plate 42 with second screening hole 451 coincidence's third screening hole 452, the aperture size of first screening hole 45, second screening hole 451, third screening hole 452 reduces in proper order.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a first adjusting motor 453 and a second adjusting motor 454 are installed on a side wall of the top of the tower body 2, an output shaft of the first adjusting motor 453 passes through the side wall of the tower body 2 to be fixedly connected with a hinge shaft of the first adjusting plate 42, and an output shaft of the second adjusting motor 454 passes through the side wall of the tower body 2 to be fixedly connected with a hinge shaft of the second adjusting plate 43. The output shaft of the first adjusting motor 453 rotates to drive the first adjusting plate 42 to overturn and attach to the side wall of the tower body 2, and the second adjusting motor 454 drives the second adjusting plate 43 to attach to the side wall of the other side of the tower body 2 under the condition that the first adjusting plate 42 is attached to the side wall of the tower body 2, so that the effect of controlling and screening calcium carbide particles with different sizes is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, electromagnets 456 for attracting the first adjusting plate 42 and the second adjusting plate 43 are further installed on the side walls of both sides of the tower body 2. After the first adjusting plate 42 or the second adjusting plate 43 is turned over and attached to the side wall of the tower body 2, the first adjusting plate 42 and the second adjusting plate 43 are adsorbed by the electromagnet 456 after being electrified, so that the first adjusting plate 42 and the second adjusting plate 43 can be prevented from shaking.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a material return opening 441 is formed in a side wall of the tower body 2 on one side of the deposition plate 44, a fifth valve assembly 46 for controlling the opening and closing of the material return opening 441 is further disposed on the side wall of the tower body 2, and a pushing mechanism is installed on one side of the tower body 2 away from the material return opening 441. The pushing mechanism comprises a pushing cylinder 442 and a pushing plate 443, the pushing cylinder 442 is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the tower body 2, and a piston rod of the pushing cylinder 442 penetrates through the side wall of the tower body 2 and is fixedly connected with the pushing plate 443. When the pushing cylinder 442 is operated, the pushing cylinder 442 drives the pushing plate 443 to push the raw material on the deposition plate 44 into the material returning opening 441.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, a material return pipe 444 for communicating the material return port 441 with the material storage tank is arranged between the material storage tank and the material return port 441, and the height of the material return port 441 is greater than that of the material storage tank.
Referring to fig. 8, screening board 41 below is equipped with reaction unit 5, reaction unit 5 includes a plurality of guide boards 51 along the crisscross setting of direction of height interval of tower body 2, the one end of every guide board 51 links to each other with the lateral wall of tower body 2 one side is fixed, the other end of the guide board 51 that is close to tower body 2 bottom links to each other with the lateral wall of tower body 2 opposite side is fixed, and all the other ends of remaining guide boards 51 all are close to the lateral wall of tower body 2 opposite side and are formed with whereabouts gap 511, guide board 51 is by the one end that links to each other with tower body 2 lateral wall to keeping away from the one end slope that tower body 2 lateral wall links to each other and setting down.
Referring to fig. 8, a slag discharge port 52 for discharging slag is formed in the side wall of the tower body 2, and the lower end surface of the slag discharge port 52 is flush with the upper surface of the guide plate 51 near the bottom of the tower body 2. The slag hole 52 is provided with a sixth valve assembly 53 for controlling the opening and closing of the slag hole 52.
Referring to fig. 8, a nozzle group 54 fixedly connected to the side wall of the tower body 2 is disposed above each guide plate 51, and the nozzle group 54 includes a water conduit 541 penetrating through the side wall of the tower body 2 and nozzles 542 fixedly connected to the water conduit 541 at equal intervals and intervals. The spraying direction of the spray head 542 faces the guide plate 51 below the spray head 542; the upper surface of the guide plate 51 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped slots 512 for receiving calcium carbide particles.
Referring to fig. 8, the reaction mechanism 5 further includes a reaction plate 55 disposed below the second raw material inlet 32, the reaction plate 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the tower body 2, a rotating motor 56 is mounted on the outer side wall of the bottom wall of the tower body 2, a rotating disc 57 is rotatably connected to the reaction plate 55, and an output shaft of the rotating motor 56 passes through the reaction plate 55 and is in key connection with the rotating disc 57; the upper part of the rotating disc 57 is also provided with a nozzle group 54 fixedly connected with the side wall of the tower body 2. The bottom wall of the tower body 2 is also provided with a slag discharging through hole for discharging slag, the slag discharging through hole is provided with a sealing plate 58 for sealing the slag discharging through hole, and the sealing plate 58 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the tower body 2 through bolts.
Referring to fig. 10, each of the third valve assembly 37, the fourth valve assembly 38, the fifth valve assembly 46 and the sixth valve assembly 53 includes a valve motor 6 mounted on the side wall of the tower body 2, and a second control plate 61 rotatably mounted on the first raw material inlet 31, the second raw material inlet 32, the slag discharge port 52 and the material return port 441, and an output shaft of the valve motor 6 passes through the side wall of the tower body 2 and is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the second control plate 61.
The working principle is as follows: the calcium carbide raw material is put into a raw material storage box of a pulverizer. When the crushing box is operated, the second driving motor 141 is started, the output shaft of the second driving motor 141 rotates to drive the screw 142 to rotate, the screw 142 rotates to drive the feed hopper 133 to slide to the lower part of the raw material inlet 121 of the crushing box body 11, then the first valve component 123 is started to open the raw material inlet 121 of the original storage box, and the raw material is put into the feed hopper 133. When the hopper 133 is filled with the raw material, the second valve assembly 15 is opened to allow the raw material to fall from the outlet of the hopper 133 onto the pulverizing rollers 16, and simultaneously the second driving motor 141 is driven to move the hopper 133 uniformly in the lengthwise direction of the pulverizing casing 11, thereby scattering the raw material uniformly onto the respective pulverizing rollers 16. And simultaneously, the first driving motor 171 is started, and the first driving motor 171 drives each grinding roller 16 to rotate, so that the grinding rollers 16 grind the raw material calcium carbide.
When the calcium carbide raw material is crushed, the fan 182 is started, and dust generated in the crushing process of the calcium carbide is sucked and collected by the fan 182 and discharged into the dust storage tank 192.
The crushed calcium carbide powder and calcium carbide dust are respectively conveyed to the top end and the bottom end of the tower body 2 through the conveying mechanism 3. The pulverized material fed to the top of the tower body 2 is fed to the sieving plate 41 and the first and second regulating plates 42 and 43 to be sieved, and then falls onto the guide plate 51 and sequentially falls along the guide plate 51. The larger pieces of the tramp material in the crushed material are pushed into the return duct 444 by the pushing assembly and are sent to the material storage tank 12 to be crushed again.
The calcium carbide particles falling on the guide plate 51 produce acetylene gas under the reaction of the water flow sprayed from the nozzle group 54. The remaining foreign substances are discharged from the slag discharge port 52 along with the guide plate 51.
The dust entering the tower body 2 from the dust storage tank 192 falls on the reaction plate 55, is uniformly dispersed along with the rotation of the rotating disc 57, and then reacts under the spraying of the nozzle group 54 to generate acetylene gas.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: putting a calcium carbide raw material into an acetylene generator to react with water to generate crude acetylene gas; the acetylene generator mainly comprises a calcium carbide crushing mechanism (1), a tower body (2), a conveying mechanism (3) for connecting the calcium carbide crushing mechanism (1) and the tower body (2), and a reaction mechanism (5) arranged in the tower body (2) and used for providing a reaction place for calcium carbide and water;
s2: cooling the crude acetylene gas generated in the step S1 by a cooler, and cleaning the cooled crude acetylene gas by a sodium hypochlorite solution through a cleaning tower to remove impurity gases;
s3: and (4) neutralizing the acetylene gas cleaned in the step S2 by using an alkaline solution, and then drying and separating water vapor to obtain the acetylene gas.
2. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the calcium carbide crushing mechanism (1) comprises a crushing box body (11), at least two crushing rollers (16) are installed in the crushing box body (11), the rotating directions of the adjacent crushing rollers (16) are opposite, a convex block (161) for extruding raw materials is arranged on the peripheral side wall of each crushing roller (16), and a first driving assembly (17) for driving each crushing roller (16) is installed on the outer side wall of the crushing box body (11);
the feeding assembly (13) is arranged above the crushing roller (16), the feeding assembly (13) comprises a sliding frame (131) connected with the inner side wall of the crushing box body (11) along the edge, a feeding hopper (133) with the sliding direction perpendicular to the axis of the crushing roller (16) is slidably mounted on the sliding frame (131), a second driving assembly (14) used for driving the feeding hopper (133) to slide on the sliding frame (131) is further mounted on the crushing box body (11), a raw material storage box body (12) is mounted on the top wall of the crushing box body (11), a raw material outlet (122) is formed in the bottom wall of the raw material storage box body (12), a raw material inlet (121) is formed in the top wall of the crushing box body (11), and a first valve assembly (123) used for controlling the raw material inlet (121) to open and close is mounted on the side wall of the crushing box body (11); and a second valve component (15) for controlling the opening and closing of the outlet of the feed hopper (133) is arranged on the outlet of the feed hopper (133).
3. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: a baffle (18) connected with the side wall of the crushing box body (11) is arranged below the crushing roller (16), a plurality of air outlets are formed in the baffle (18), a plurality of fans (182) corresponding to the air outlets one by one are mounted on one side, away from the crushing roller (16), of the baffle (18), a layer of filter screen (181) is mounted on one side, close to the crushing roller (16), of the baffle (18), a dust outlet (191) is formed in the side wall of the crushing box body (11), and the bottom wall of the crushing box body (11) is arranged in a manner that one end, away from the dust outlet (191), inclines downwards to one end, close to the outlet; one side of the crushing box body (11) is provided with a dust storage box (192), the side wall of the dust storage box (192) is provided with a dust inlet pipe, and the dust inlet pipe is communicated with a dust outlet (191).
4. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the conveying assembly comprises a first conveying pipeline (33) and a second conveying pipeline (34), a crushed material outlet (19) is formed in the side wall of the crushing box body (11), a baffle plate (18) is obliquely and downwards arranged from one end far away from the crushed material outlet (19) to one end close to the crushed material outlet (19), one end of the first conveying pipeline (33) is communicated with the crushed material outlet (19), a first raw material inlet (31) is formed in the side wall of the top of the tower body (2), the other end of the first conveying pipeline (33) is communicated with the first raw material inlet (31), a first conveying belt (35) is installed in the first conveying pipeline (33) along the length direction of the first conveying pipeline (33), and a third valve assembly (37) used for controlling the opening and closing of the first raw material inlet (31) is arranged on the tower body (2);
second raw materials import (32) have been seted up on the lateral wall of the bottom of tower body (2), the one end and the dust storage box (192) of second pipeline (34) are linked together, the other end and the second raw materials import (32) of second pipeline (34) are linked together, install second conveyer belt (36) along the length direction of second pipeline (34) in second pipeline (34), still be equipped with fourth valve component (38) that are used for controlling second raw materials import (32) switching on tower body (2).
5. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the first driving assembly (17) comprises a first driving motor (171), a driving pulley (172), a driven pulley (173), a driving gear (174), a plurality of driven gears (175) and a belt (176), the first driving motor (171) is installed on the outer side wall of the crushing box body (11), the output shaft of the first driving motor (171) is in keyed connection with the driving pulley (172), the outer side wall of the crushing box body (11) is also in rotationally connected with the driven pulley (173), the crushing rollers (16) are divided into a driving crushing roller (162) and other driven crushing rollers (163), the rotating shaft of the driving crushing roller (162) penetrates through the side wall of the crushing box body (11) and is in keyed connection with the driven pulley (173), the rotating shaft of the driving crushing roller (162) is also in keyed connection with the driving gear (174), and the rotating shaft of the driven crushing roller (163) is in keyed connection with the driven gear (175), the driving gear (174) is meshed with the adjacent driven gear (175), and the connected driven gears (175) are meshed with each other.
6. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the second driving assembly (14) comprises a second driving motor (141) installed on the side wall of the crushing box body (11), a sliding groove (132) is formed in the sliding frame (131) along the length direction of the sliding frame (131), a sliding block (134) is fixedly connected to the side wall, connected with the feeding hopper (133) and the sliding frame (131), of the sliding frame (134), the sliding block (134) is connected with the sliding groove (132) in a sliding mode, a ball (135) is connected to the bottom wall of the sliding block (134) in a rotating mode, a rolling groove (136) is formed in the groove bottom of the sliding groove (132) along the length direction of the sliding groove (132), the ball (135) is connected with the rolling groove (136) in a rolling mode, a screw rod (142) is connected to the tower body (2) in a rotating mode along the length direction of the sliding groove (132), and the output shaft of the second driving motor (141) penetrates through the side wall of the tower body (2) to be connected with the screw rod (142), threaded holes (143) are formed in the sliding blocks (134), and the threaded rods (142) are in threaded connection with the threaded holes (143).
7. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the screening mechanism (4) comprises a screening plate (41) below the first raw material inlet (31), the screening plate (41) is obliquely and downwards arranged from one end close to the first raw material inlet (31) to one end far away from the first raw material inlet (31), one end, far away from the first raw material inlet (31), of the screening plate (41) is fixedly connected with a deposition plate (44) with one horizontal end, and the deposition plate (44) is connected with the side wall of the tower body (2); a material return opening (441) is formed in the side wall of the tower body (2), a fifth valve component (46) used for controlling the opening and closing of the material return opening (441) is further arranged on the side wall of the tower body (2), and a pushing mechanism is installed on one side, away from the material return opening (441), of the tower body (2);
the screening plate (41) is provided with first screening holes (45), one side of the screening plate (41) is hinged with a first adjusting plate (42), the other side of the screening plate (41) is hinged with a second adjusting plate (43), the first adjusting plate (42), the second adjusting plate (43) and the screening plate (41) are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, the second adjusting plate (43) is provided with second screening holes (451) overlapped with the first screening holes (45), the first adjusting plate (42) is provided with third screening holes (452) overlapped with the second screening holes (451), and the pore sizes of the first screening holes (45), the second screening holes (451) and the third screening holes (452) are sequentially reduced;
a first adjusting motor (453) and a second adjusting motor (454) are mounted on the side wall of the tower body (2), an output shaft of the first adjusting motor (453) penetrates through the side wall of the tower body (2) to be connected with a hinge shaft of the first adjusting plate (42), and an output shaft of the second adjusting motor (454) penetrates through the side wall of the tower body (2) to be connected with a hinge shaft of the second adjusting plate (43);
and electromagnets (456) used for attracting the first adjusting plate (42) and the second adjusting plate (43) are further mounted on the side walls of the two sides of the tower body (2).
8. The method for producing acetylene by calcium carbide method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the reaction mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of guide plates (51) arranged below the screening mechanism (4), one ends of the guide plates (51) are connected to the side walls of the two sides of the tower body (2) at intervals in a staggered manner along the height direction of the tower body (2), the other ends of the guide plates (51) are arranged downwards in an inclined manner, and a falling gap (511) is formed between the other ends of the guide plates (51) and the side walls of the tower body (2); both ends of a guide plate (51) close to the bottom of the tower body (2) are fixedly connected with the side wall of the tower body (2), a slag discharging port (52) for discharging slag is formed in the side wall of the tower body (2), and a sixth valve component (53) for controlling the opening and closing of the slag discharging port (52) is installed on the slag discharging port (52);
a spray head group (54) connected with the side wall of the tower body (2) is arranged above each guide plate (51), and the spray heads (542) face the guide plates (51) below the spray heads (542); the upper surface of the guide plate (51) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped clamping grooves (512);
the reaction mechanism (5) further comprises a reaction plate (55) arranged below the second raw material inlet (32), a rotating motor (56) is installed on the bottom wall of the tower body (2), a rotating disc (57) is rotatably connected to the reaction plate (55), and an output shaft of the rotating motor (56) is in key connection with the rotating disc (57); and a spray head group (54) connected with the side wall of the tower body (2) is also arranged above the rotating disc (57).
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| CN113979459A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-01-28 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing carbide slag generated by acetylene in dry method |
| CN115090404A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-23 | 四川实美科技有限公司 | Premix device for aluminum alloy smelting |
| CN115350778A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-18 | 湖南蓝旗格气体有限公司 | Acetylene reaction device |
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| CN115350778B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-03-22 | 湖南蓝旗格气体有限公司 | Acetylene reaction device |
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