CN113214505A - 巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶及其制备方法和应用。所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶是由巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物中的一种或两种与水性溶剂形成的多糖水凝胶,其中,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的质量百分比浓度为2~10%,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的巯基取代度为3~25%。本发明的优点:(1)甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的β‑1,4糖苷键增加了水凝胶的抗降解性;(2)甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的侧链接枝基团增加了水凝胶的分子间和分子内的支撑性,增加了水凝胶的柔软性和较好的回弹性:(3)水凝胶的二硫键稳定性较好,适度的巯基取代度可保持水凝胶形态稳定。本发明的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶适用于作为玻璃体替代物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种眼科医用生物材料,特别是涉及一种巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
玻璃体是填充于晶状体和视网膜之间的一种无色透明胶状体,占据超过2/3的眼球体积,其主要成分包括水、胶原蛋白、透明质酸、蛋白多糖等,其中水约占整个玻璃体体积的99%。透明质酸与胶原蛋白随机盘绕相互作用,并与水形成结合状态,使玻璃体处于稳定状态。玻璃体具有高度透明性,允许90%以上的可见光透射。玻璃体为视网膜提供支撑,保护周围的眼组织,使光线能够到达眼球后方的感受器,在保持眼球形状、调节眼内氧分压、减震缓冲、保持视网膜和晶状体位置方面发挥重要作用。玻璃体切除手术是重要的眼科手术,用来治疗眼科疾病,如视网膜病变、视网膜剥离等。玻璃体切除后需要进行玻璃体腔填充,将玻璃体替代物填充在玻璃体腔内,顶压视网膜保持其在正确位置并保持眼球外形,因此玻璃体填充物成为影响手术效果的重要因素。
目前临床上使用的玻璃体替代物主要有气体、硅油、全氟化碳液体等。这些替代物适用于不同手术情况下的玻璃体填充,但仍存在诸多并发症。如气体填充时间短并可能引起晶状体浑浊等,全氟化碳液体具有较高的毒性,常用的硅油填充易发生乳化并对眼组织有一定毒性,常引起青光眼、白内障等并发症。特别是玻璃体填充后眼压升高在临床十分常见,严重的高眼压可以引起缺血而导致视力丧失,长期慢性持续性高眼压也可能损害视神经。
研究者在人工玻璃体替代物方面进行了尝试,如采用含聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇或乙烯基吡咯烷酮等人工合成亲水性高分子水凝胶作为玻璃体替代物,但仍然存在诸多问题,如眼内生物相容差,降解吸收时间短等。在生物相容性方面,天然生物大分子在制备玻璃体替代物方面比化学合成高分子更具有优势,生物组织相容性更好,降解产物无毒性。中国发明申请CN102762647A公开了一种由氧化透明质酸和二酰肼交联形成的水凝胶,该水凝胶可做为眼球玻璃体的替代物。但该发明申请也存在不足,一方面透明质酸的氧化不可避免地降低透明质酸的分子量,另一方面氧化透明质酸与二酰肼进行交联形成的希夫碱容易发生水解,稳定性较差。透明质酸虽然有很好的生物相容性,但透明质酸分子是由D-葡萄糖醛酸和D-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖以 β-1,4 和 β-1,3 糖苷键交替连接而成,由于β-1,3糖苷键的存在,透明质酸易被机体降解吸收。公开号为CN104761735A的发明专利申请将透明质酸与聚谷氨酸、肝素通过交联剂交联,以提高透明质酸的抗酶解作用。
从化学键的稳定性方面,二硫键的稳定性比席夫碱更好。公开号为CN104892962A发明专利申请,制备了巯基化透明质酸,通过调节透明质酸的巯基密度、凝胶温度、分子量等控制凝胶的成胶时间和力学特征,制备的巯基化透明质酸水凝胶在1%变形量的储能模量在3.3kPa~42.8kPa。但该水凝胶的刚性较强,硬度较高,因此不适用于作为玻璃体的替代物;同时透明质酸中的β-1,3糖苷键的存在,仍然使其容易被降解吸收。已报道的巯基化透明质酸水凝胶,巯基取代度越高,其自交联成胶性就越好,但同时水凝胶的刚性也就越大,导致其柔软性就越差;但巯基化透明质酸的巯基取代度过低,则自交联成胶性不好,凝胶易碎,导致其回弹性差。
眼睛的玻璃体是具有高度透光性的柔软胶状弹性体,作为玻璃体替代物,其主要功能在于保持眼球形状、减震缓冲、保持视网膜在其正确位置,因此替代物需要具有柔软、有压缩弹性、透光好的性能,同时在玻璃体手术后填充到玻璃体腔内尽可能延长对视网膜的顶压作用,防止网膜脱离。但目前还没有发现有关于体外水凝胶以怎样的性能适用于玻璃体替代物的研究报道。从应用的角度考虑,如果水凝胶的刚性大、压缩变形小,则缓冲减震作用差,易伤及眼底组织,改变眼轴长度;如果水凝胶的体内降解时间短,则对视网膜的顶压时间短,视网膜容易脱离。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的第一个目的是提供一种具有高度透光性、良好柔软性、易压缩回弹性、对眼组织无毒性、抗降解的适用于作为玻璃体替代物的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶,以弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的制备方法,以及所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶用于制备玻璃体替代物的应用。
本发明的原理:甲壳素/壳聚糖分别是由D-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖和D-氨基葡萄糖以β-1,4糖苷键连接而成。β-1,4糖苷键的抗降解性好于β-1,3糖苷键,因此与透明质酸相比,甲壳素/壳聚糖的抗降解性更好;同时甲壳素水溶性衍生物/壳聚糖水溶性衍生物具有良好的生物相容性。在甲壳素/壳聚糖分子的羟基、氨基位置接枝侧链基团制备得到甲壳素/壳聚糖水溶性衍生物,以此制备的水凝胶,由于侧链基团的存在,增加了水凝胶中甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的分子间和分子内的相互支持性,将增加水凝胶的柔软性和压缩回弹性;以接枝了侧链基团的甲壳素衍生物和壳聚糖衍生物为原料进行巯基化,与席夫碱相比,二硫键的稳定性更好,因此具有更好的抗降解性。
本发明的技术方案同时考虑到作为玻璃体替代物的水凝胶的抗降解性及柔软性和回弹性的平衡,以接枝了侧链基团的甲壳素衍生物和壳聚糖衍生物为原料进行巯基化,通过控制适中的巯基取代度,增加巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的分子间和分子内的支撑性,从而增加水凝胶的抗降解性、柔软性和压缩回弹性,并保持凝胶形态特性,达到适用于作为玻璃体替代物的目的。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
一种巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶,其特征是由巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物中的一种或两种与水性溶剂形成的多糖水凝胶,其中,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的质量百分比浓度为2~10%,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的巯基取代度为3~25%;所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物,是将羧甲基壳聚糖、羧乙基壳聚糖、羟乙基壳聚糖、羟丙基壳聚糖、羟丁基壳聚糖、琥珀酰基壳聚糖、氨基乙酸壳聚糖、氨基丙酸壳聚糖、氨基丁酸壳聚糖、羟乙基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羟丙基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羟丁基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羧甲基甲壳素、羧乙基甲壳素或其它水溶性甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物进行巯基化反应制备而成。
上述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:(1)将甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物搅拌溶解于溶剂水或DMSO中;(2)向上述甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的溶液中加入羧基活化试剂1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和 N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS),调节反应体系pH为4~6,搅拌0.5~3h,然后加入巯基试剂,调节反应体系pH为3.5~6,避光搅拌反应;(3)反应物经酸性水溶液避光透析、冷冻干燥,或经乙醇沉淀、洗涤、乙醇沉淀、脱水,真空干燥,得巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物,低温避光密封保存;(4)将制备的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物溶解于水性溶剂,配制成2~10%的胶液,调pH为7.0~8.5,胶液发生自交联,得到巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶。
所述步骤(2)中,甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物与EDC、NHS、巯基试剂的摩尔比为1﹕1~6﹕1~6﹕1~6。
步骤(2)中,所述巯基试剂是半胱氨酸及其盐酸盐、巯基乙胺及其盐酸盐、巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸或巯基乙醇。
步骤(4)中,所述的水性溶剂是水、生理盐水、磷酸缓冲液、生理平衡液或葡萄糖液。
上述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶用于制备眼内玻璃体替代物的应用。
本发明的优点:
本发明制备的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶,以β-1,4糖苷键连接的、有侧链接枝基团的甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物为原材料,并控制适中的巯基取代度,以巯基自交联成二硫键形成水凝胶,一方面甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的β-1,4糖苷键增加了水凝胶的抗降解性,另一方面甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的侧链接枝基团增加了水凝胶的分子间和分子内的支撑性,增加了水凝胶的柔软性和较好的回弹性,再一方面水凝胶的二硫键稳定性较好,适度的巯基取代度可保持水凝胶形态稳定。本发明的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶适用于作为玻璃体替代物。
附图说明
图1是实验兔90d正常眼(A)与术眼(B)OCT检查图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施例来进一步详细说明本发明。
实施例1:巯基化琥珀酰基壳聚糖水凝胶(SH-SU-CTS)的制备
称取2.6g 琥珀酰基壳聚糖(SU-CTS),搅拌溶于100ml去离子水中,制备成2.6%的溶液,加入11.5g 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和6.9g N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS),搅拌溶解,用0.2mol/L NaOH溶液、0.2mol/L HCl 溶液调pH为4.5,室温避光搅拌2h。称取6.8g巯基乙胺盐酸盐加入到反应体系中,调pH为4.5,继续避光反应10h。反应结束后,反应物乙醇沉淀、水溶解洗涤、乙醇沉淀、乙醇脱水,45℃真空干燥,得巯基化琥珀酰基壳聚糖(SH-SU-CTS),4~10℃低温避光密封保存。本反应中SU-CTS﹕EDC﹕NHS﹕巯基乙胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为1:6:6:6,用Ellman's比色法测得巯基化率为23.8%。
称取制备的巯基化琥珀酰基壳聚糖0.25g,置于洁净的玻璃小烧杯中,加入10mlpH为7.6的磷酸缓冲液(0.2mol/L),室温下搅拌溶解,配制成质量百分比浓度为2.5%的胶液,静置,23分钟自交联成胶,得巯基化琥珀酰基壳聚糖水凝胶,记为SH-SU-CTS水凝胶。
实施例2:巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖水凝胶(SH-HP-CTS)的制备
称取2.2g 羟丙基壳聚糖(HP-CTS),搅拌溶于100ml二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,制备成2.2%的溶液,加入7.68g EDC和4.6g NHS,搅拌溶解,调pH为4.5,室温避光搅拌2h。称取4.73g半胱氨酸盐酸盐加入到反应体系中,调pH为4.5,继续避光反应16h。反应结束后,将反应物装入透析袋中,用调节pH为4.5的酸性水溶液避光透析,透析后冷冻干燥,得巯基化羟丙基透壳聚糖(SH-HP-CTS),低温避光密封保存。本反应中HP-CTS﹕EDC﹕NHS﹕半胱氨酸盐酸盐的摩尔比为1﹕4﹕4﹕3,测得巯基化率为15.6%。
称取制备的巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖0.4g,置于洁净的玻璃小烧杯中,加入10ml pH为7.8的磷酸缓冲液(0.2mol/L),室温下搅拌溶解,配制成质量百分比浓度为4%的胶液,静置,11分钟自交联成胶,得巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖水凝胶,记为SH-HP-CTS水凝胶。
实施例3:巯基化羧甲基甲壳素水凝胶(SH-CM-CT)的制备
称取2.8g 羧甲基甲壳素(CM-CT),搅拌溶于100ml去离子水中,制备成2.8%的溶液,加入5.76g EDC和3.45g NHS,搅拌溶解,调pH为5.5,室温避光搅拌1h。称取3.15g半胱氨酸盐酸盐加入到反应体系中,调pH为5.0,继续避光反应24h。反应结束后,将反应物装入透析袋中,用调节pH为4.5的酸性水溶液避光透析,透析后冷冻干燥,得巯基化羧甲基甲壳素(SH-CM-CT),低温避光密封保存。本反应中CM-CT﹕EDC﹕NHS﹕半胱氨酸盐酸盐的摩尔比为1﹕3﹕3﹕2,测得巯基化率为9.4%。
称取制备的巯基化羧甲基甲壳素0.5g,置于洁净的玻璃小烧杯中,加入10ml 去离子水,室温下搅拌溶解,用0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液调pH为7.4~7.8,配制成质量百分比浓度为5%的胶液,静置,10分钟自交联成胶,得巯基化羧甲基甲壳素水凝胶,记为SH-CM-CT水凝胶。
实施例4:巯基化羟乙基壳聚糖(SH-HE-CTS)水凝胶的制备
称取3.1g 羟乙基壳聚糖(HE-CTS),搅拌溶于100ml去离子水中,制备成3.1%的溶液,加入2.88g EDC和1.73g NHS,搅拌溶解,调pH为4.5,室温避光搅拌2h。称取1.7g巯基乙胺盐酸盐加入到反应体系中,调pH为4.5,继续避光反应24h。反应结束后,将反应物装入透析袋中,用调节pH为4.5的酸性水溶液避光透析,透析后冷冻干燥,得巯基化羟乙基壳聚糖(SH-HE-CTS),低温避光密封保存。本反应中HE-CTS﹕EDC﹕NHS﹕巯基乙胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为1:1:1:1,测得巯基化率为3.8%。
称取制备的巯基化羟乙基壳聚糖0.85g,置于洁净的玻璃小烧杯中,加入10ml 去离子水,室温下搅拌溶解,用0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液调pH为7.8~8.0,配制成质量百分比浓度为8.5%的胶液,静置,35分钟自交联成胶,得巯基化羟乙基壳聚糖水凝胶,记为SH-HE-CTS水凝胶。
对比例1:对照巯基化透明质酸水凝胶(SH-HA)的制备
称取2.0g透明质酸(HA),搅拌溶于100ml去离子水中,制备成2%的溶液,加入2.9gEDC和1.73g NHS,搅拌溶解,调pH为5.5,室温避光搅拌2h。称取1.58g半胱氨酸盐酸盐加入到反应体系中,调pH为5.0,继续避光反应24h。反应结束后,将反应物装入透析袋中,用调节pH为4.5的酸性水溶液避光透析,透析后冷冻干燥,得巯基化透明质酸(SH-HA),低温避光密封保存。本反应中HA﹕EDC﹕NHS﹕半胱氨酸盐酸盐的摩尔比为1﹕3﹕3﹕2,测得巯基化率为9.0%。
称取制备的巯基化透明质酸0.5g,置于洁净的玻璃小烧杯中,加入10ml去离子水,室温下搅拌溶解,用0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液调pH为7.4~7.8,配制成质量百分比浓度为5%的胶液,静置,10分钟自交联成胶,得对照巯基化透明质酸水凝胶,记为SH-HA水凝胶。
实施例5:水凝胶透光率测定
分别取实施例1~4和对比例1制备的水凝胶适量,置于磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4)中充分溶胀达平衡后,置于玻璃比色皿中,在可见光400-800 nm波长范围内测定吸光值(A),按公式计算水凝胶透光率(%)。结果显示,水凝胶的透光率与波长和凝胶浓度有关,各水凝胶的透光率随着波长的增大而增大,在400 nm波长是各水凝胶的透光率均大于85%;在波长大于600 nm时,各水凝胶的透光率均大于90%;低浓度水凝胶的透光率大于高浓度水凝胶的透光率。
实施例6:水凝胶压缩性能测定
分别取实施例1~4和对比例1制备的水凝胶,制成直径8 mm、高度10 mm的圆柱体,在万能材料测试仪上测定各水凝胶的压缩性能。结果显示,与对比例1巯基化透明质酸水凝胶比较,实施例1~4制备的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的断裂应变均大于70%,显著大于对照水凝胶,表明巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的柔软性明显好于巯基化透明质酸水凝胶,同时水凝胶均匀良好的自愈合功能,解除压缩后均能回弹恢复测试前的初始形态,见下表。
表1 巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的压缩性能测试结果
水凝胶 | SH-SU-CTS | SH-HP-CTS | SH-CM-CT | SH-HE-CTS | 对照SH-HA |
断裂应变 / % | 82.6% | 75.1% | 72.5% | 70.5% | 56.2% |
断裂应力 / kPa | 560 | 670 | 700 | 710 | 680 |
上述实施例1~4制备的巯基甲壳素/化壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶具有很好的透光性,水凝胶的可压缩性能显著大于巯基化透明质酸水凝胶,表明巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的柔软性更好,具有良好的自愈合功能和回弹性能,柔软的水凝胶作为玻璃体替代物可以提高减震功能,良好的自愈合功能和回弹性可以保持眼球形状和顶压视网膜在原位。
实施例7:水凝胶的降解性能测定
分别取实施例1~4和对比例1制备的水凝胶,制成直径8 mm、高度10 mm的圆柱体,5种水凝胶各制备4个胶块;其中2个胶块经冷冻干燥机干燥,称重,取平均值,作为酶解前的胶块初始重量;另2个胶块分别浸泡于3ml含有10000U/ml溶菌酶的pH7.4的PBS溶液(0.1mol/L)中,置37℃下降解,每3天更换一次酶液,至30天,将酶液连同剩余胶快经已知重量的滤纸过滤,PBS溶液洗涤滤纸和胶块3次,过滤后的滤纸和胶块经冷冻干燥机干燥,称重,扣除滤纸重量,取平均值,作为酶解后胶块重量,计算降解率,见表2。由表2可见,在本实验条件下,巯基化透明质酸水凝胶的降解率为73.3%,而相同条件下的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的降解率在46~66%,降解率明显小于巯基化透明质酸的降解率,表明巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的抗降解性更好。
表2 巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的体外降解
水凝胶 | SH-SU-CTS | SH-HP-CTS | SH-CM-CT | SH-HE-CTS | 对照SH-HA |
降解率 | 45.8% | 52.3% | 56.4% | 65.5% | 73.3% |
实施例8:巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶在眼内玻璃体替代物中的应用
实验动物新西兰兔3只,雄性,体重2.8~3kg,兔左眼为术眼,右眼为对照眼,评价实施例2制备的巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖水凝胶的玻璃体替代作用。
按照实施例2的方法,在无菌条件下,将经辐照灭菌的巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖,使用无菌器皿,制备4%的巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖胶液。新西兰兔静脉注射麻醉、皮肤消毒,进行玻璃体切除手术,将4%的巯基化羟丙基壳聚糖胶液注入实验兔的左眼玻璃体腔内,原位形成凝胶,闭合巩膜切口,实验兔术后护理,正常饲养。术后90d进行眼部裂隙灯检测,B超检查,光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检查,评价水凝胶在玻璃体腔内的填充情况。
术后90 d,裂隙灯观察实验兔术眼炎症反应轻微,玻璃体保持透明,眼底清晰可见,眼底血管清晰;B超检查,没有检测到玻璃体异物、混浊和出血、视网膜脱离等声像,与正常眼相比无明显差异;OCT检查结果表明,视网膜和脉络膜无脱离,无水肿等情况,屈光介质透明,与正常眼检测结果相比没有显著差异,见图1。实验结果表明,制备的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶眼内无刺激作用,具有良好的眼组织相容性,具有很好的玻璃体替代效果,能够顶压视网膜并保持眼球外形,光学性能好,可在眼内降解吸收,巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶作为眼内玻璃体替代物应用具有很大的应用潜力。
对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,根据本发明的教导,在不脱离本发明的基本原理与精神的情况下,对实施方式所进行的改变、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶,其特征是由巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物中的一种或两种与水性溶剂形成的多糖水凝胶,其中,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的质量百分比浓度为2~10%,所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的巯基取代度为3~25%;所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物,是将羧甲基壳聚糖、羧乙基壳聚糖、羟乙基壳聚糖、羟丙基壳聚糖、羟丁基壳聚糖、琥珀酰基壳聚糖、氨基乙酸壳聚糖、氨基丙酸壳聚糖、氨基丁酸壳聚糖、羟乙基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羟丙基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羟丁基琥珀酰基壳聚糖、羧甲基甲壳素或羧乙基甲壳素进行巯基化反应制备而成。
2.如权利要求1所述的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖水凝胶,其特征是所述的水性溶剂是水、生理盐水、磷酸缓冲液、生理平衡液或葡萄糖液。
3.一种权利要求1所述巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:(1)将甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物搅拌溶解于溶剂水或DMSO中;(2)向上述甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物的溶液中加入羧基活化试剂羧基活化试剂1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和 N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺,调节反应体系pH为4~6,搅拌0.5~3h,然后加入巯基试剂,调节反应体系pH为3.5~6,避光搅拌反应;(3)反应物经酸性水溶液避光透析、冷冻干燥,或经乙醇沉淀、洗涤、乙醇沉淀、脱水,真空干燥,得巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物,低温避光密封保存;(4)将制备的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物溶解于水性溶剂,配制成2~10%的胶液,调pH为7.0~8.5,胶液发生自交联,得到巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶。
4.如权利要求3所述的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的制备方法,其特征是所述甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物与1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺、巯基试剂的摩尔比为1﹕1~6﹕1~6﹕1~6。
5.如权利要求3所述的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖衍生物水凝胶的制备方法,其特征是所述的巯基试剂,是半胱氨酸及其盐酸盐、巯基乙胺及其盐酸盐、巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸或巯基乙醇。
6.权利要求1所述的巯基化甲壳素/壳聚糖水凝胶用于制备眼内玻璃体替代物的应用。
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