CN113210628A - TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product and grain homogenization and refinement preparation method thereof - Google Patents
TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product and grain homogenization and refinement preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113210628A CN113210628A CN202110496054.1A CN202110496054A CN113210628A CN 113210628 A CN113210628 A CN 113210628A CN 202110496054 A CN202110496054 A CN 202110496054A CN 113210628 A CN113210628 A CN 113210628A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product and a grain homogenization and refinement preparation method thereof, wherein the laser additive product is prepared on a TC4 titanium alloy substrate in a coaxial synchronous powder feeding mode, TC4 titanium alloy powder is adopted, pulse wave laser is adopted, the laser power is 1200W, and the pulse frequency is 400Hz, so that the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product is obtained. The crystal grains of the TC4 laser additive product prepared by the invention are fine isometric crystals, and the appearance of coarse columnar crystals is avoided, the grain fineness homogenization is realized by adopting specific additive powder unit mass laser specific energy and pulse laser frequency, after the grain fineness homogenization, the corrosion resistance of the additive product is improved by 3.01 times, the tensile strength is improved to 1070.6MPa from 435.5MPa, and the elongation at break is improved to 7.12 from 2.32%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of high material utilization rate, no need of a mold, capability of completing rapid manufacturing of a complex structural part at one time and the like, and is a new technology for rapid molding and manufacturing of complex metal structural parts in the fields of aerospace, military, medical treatment and the like. The TC4 titanium alloy has high specific strength, wide working temperature range, strong corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility, is widely applied in the fields of aerospace and medical treatment, and is one of the most researched metal materials in the field of additive manufacturing at present. However, during the additive manufacturing of the titanium alloy, due to the special forming process accumulated layer by layer and the complex heat and mass transfer process, the ratio of the temperature gradient at the solidification interface to the solidification speed is large, so that the structural characteristics of the additive manufactured part of the titanium alloy are different from those of the traditional part, the titanium alloy structure shows the characteristic of forced solidification columnar growth, thick columnar crystals grown by epitaxy along the deposition direction can be seen near the bottom of the base material of the TC4 titanium alloy additive test sample, and most of the thin layer region at the top is isometric crystals. When the size of the columnar crystals along the deposition direction is too large, the additive product is prone to show obvious anisotropy.
Aiming at the particularity of a titanium alloy additive manufacturing organization, the Chang an peak of the Sian traffic university and the like propose a method for manufacturing titanium alloy grains by refining laser additive materials through an induction heating auxiliary alterant, a method for eliminating primary beta grain boundaries of TC4 alloy manufactured by laser additive manufacturing through adding boron induction heating, a method for reducing TC4 additive manufacturing anisotropy through boron alloying modification, and a method for manufacturing titanium alloy grains by refining laser additive materials through ultrasonic impact and induction heating. However, these several methods all add to the process complexity of laser additive. The method has certain convenience by regulating and controlling the tissue characteristics of the additive parts by optimizing the laser additive manufacturing process parameters, is the basis for realizing closed-loop control of tissue performance, and has important theoretical significance and wide application prospect for improving the product quality and performance of titanium alloy additive manufacturing parts and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a TC4 titanium alloy laser additive manufacturing part with homogenized and refined grains and a preparation method for homogenizing and refining the grains of the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive manufacturing part.
In order to solve the technical problem, the crystal grain homogenization and refinement preparation method of the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product adopts a laser additive method of coaxial synchronous powder feeding on a TC4 titanium alloy substrate to prepare the laser additive product, the laser additive method adopts TC4 titanium alloy powder, the laser adopts pulse wave laser, the laser power is 1200W, and the pulse frequency is 400 Hz.
Preferably, in the laser material increase method, the laser scanning speed is 8mm/s, the spot diameter is 2.0mm, the powder feeding amount is 8.4g/min, the Z-axis increment is 0.7mm, the flow of the protective argon is 15L/min, and the duty ratio is 95%.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy powder ranges from 75 μm to 150 μm.
The TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product is prepared by any one of the preparation methods for homogenizing and refining the crystal grains of the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the crystal grains of the TC4 laser additive product prepared by the invention are fine isometric crystals, the appearance of coarse columnar crystals in the additive product is avoided, after the crystal grains are fine and homogenized, the fine homogenization of the crystal grains is obtained by adopting specific laser specific energy and pulse laser frequency of additive powder unit mass, after the crystal grains are refined, the corrosion resistance of the product is improved by 3.01 times, the tensile strength is improved to 1070.6MPa from 435.5MPa, and the elongation at break is improved to 7.12% from 2.32%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a macro-molding morphology of a TC4 laser additive manufactured article obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a part shows the manufactured article a and b part shows the manufactured article b;
fig. 2 shows a macroscopic optical microscopic appearance of a TC4 laser additive manufactured part obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a and b correspond to a manufactured part a and a manufactured part b, respectively;
FIG. 3-1 shows the secondary electron profile of a part a obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 shows the secondary electron profile of a part b obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3-3 show the secondary electron profile of a part b obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a zeta potential polarization curve of the TC4 laser-enhanced material in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention; the two curves of a and b respectively correspond to a workpiece a and a workpiece b;
fig. 5 shows the tensile stress-strain curves of the TC4 laser additive manufactured product obtained according to the embodiment of the present invention, where two curves a and b correspond to the manufactured product a and the manufactured product b, respectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a TC4 laser additive product was prepared as follows: a laser additive manufacturing piece is manufactured on a TC4 titanium alloy substrate by adopting a laser additive method of coaxially and synchronously feeding powder, TC4 titanium alloy powder is adopted in the laser additive method, and the particle size of the adopted TC4 titanium alloy powder is 75-150 microns.
Laser additive method (a): continuous laser is adopted, the laser power is 2400W, the laser scanning speed is 16mm/s, the spot diameter is 2.0mm, the powder feeding amount is 16.8g/min, the Z-axis increment is 0.7mm, and the flow of protective argon is 15L/min, so that a workpiece a is obtained.
Laser additive method (b): and (3) adopting pulse wave laser with the laser power of 1200W, the laser scanning speed of 8mm/s, the spot diameter of 2.0mm, the powder feeding amount of 8.4g/min, the Z-axis increment of 0.7mm, the protection argon flow of 15L/min, the duty ratio of 95% and the laser pulse frequency of 400Hz to obtain a workpiece b.
The structure and performance of two TC4 laser additive manufactured pieces obtained in this embodiment are shown in fig. 1-5.
Fig. 1 is a macroscopic molding morphology image of the TC4 laser additive manufactured part obtained in this embodiment, and it can be seen that when the high-power fast-sweeping material is added with a large amount of powder, the molding quality of the additive manufactured part is poor, and the additive manufactured part collapses in the middle.
Fig. 2 is a macroscopic optical microscopic topography image of the TC4 laser additive material obtained in this embodiment, and it can be seen that coarse columnar crystals in the TC4 additive material product are transformed into fine isometric crystal structures from the product a to the product b.
Fig. 3-1 to fig. 3-3 are scanning electron microscope secondary electron topography images of the TC4 laser additive obtained in this embodiment, and it can be seen that the microstructure of the non-regulated workpiece is composed of long-strip α phase and β phase, and the final workpiece b obtained after process regulation has been converted into fine α phase and β phase. The overall length of the scale in fig. 3-1 to 3-3 is equal to the corresponding index value.
Fig. 4 is a zeta potential polarization curve of the TC4 laser additive manufactured part obtained in this embodiment measured in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Table 1 shows the fitting result of the polarization curve, and it can be known from the corrosion rate that after the grains of the product are refined, the corrosion resistance of the fine homogenized equiaxial crystal product is about 4.01 times of the corrosion resistance of the coarse columnar crystal product.
Table 1TC4 laser additive polarization curve fitting results
| Article of manufacture | State of the article | Corrosion potential (V) | Corrosion Rate (mm/year) |
| Article a | Coarse columnar crystal part | -0.2296 | 0.0782 |
| Article b | Fine homogenized isometric crystal product | -0.2854 | 0.0195 |
Fig. 5 is a tensile stress-strain curve of TC4 laser-reinforced part obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention. Table 2 shows the tensile strength and elongation at break of TC4 laser additive, which indicates that the tensile strength and plasticity of the product are significantly improved after the grains are fine and uniform.
Table 2TC4 laser additive tensile strength and elongation at break
| Article of manufacture | Tensile strength | Elongation at break |
| Article a | 435.5MPa | 2.324％ |
| Article b | 1070.6MPa | 7.115％ |
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method for grain homogenization and refinement of TC4 titanium alloy laser additive products is characterized by comprising the following steps: a laser additive manufacturing piece is manufactured on a TC4 titanium alloy substrate by adopting a laser additive manufacturing method of coaxially and synchronously feeding powder, TC4 titanium alloy powder is adopted in the laser additive manufacturing method, pulse wave laser is adopted, the laser power is 1200W, and the pulse frequency is 400 Hz.
2. The method for preparing the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product through grain homogenization and refinement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the laser material increase method, the laser scanning speed is 8mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 2.0mm, the powder feeding amount is 8.4g/min, the increment of a Z axis is 0.7mm, the flow of the protective argon is 15L/min, and the duty ratio is 95%.
3. The method for preparing the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product through grain homogenization and refinement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grain diameter range of the TC4 titanium alloy powder is 75-150 mu m.
4. A TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product is characterized in that: the titanium alloy is prepared by adopting the crystal grain homogenization and refinement preparation method of the TC4 titanium alloy laser additive product as in any one of claims 1-3.
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