CN108555297A - The method for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys - Google Patents
The method for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention discloses the methods for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys, include the following steps：B powder is dried step S1 under vacuum conditions with Titanium Powder, and wherein the quality accounting of B powder is 0.01 0.2%；The drying B powder and Titanium Powder that are obtained in step S1 are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed-powder by step S2；Step S3,900 1100 DEG C are heated to by base material, and exemplar is shaped on base material by laser gain material manufacturing device.The nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 can be eliminated improves the microstructure of TC4 alloys to refine its crystal grain.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser gain material manufacture titanium alloy organizational controls and mechanical property optimizing research field；More particularly to one
The method that kind plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys.
Background technology
It is an emerging technology developed in recent years that laser gain material, which manufactures titanium alloy, which passes through high power laser light
The titanium alloy powder of synchronous transport is melted, point by point successively stack shaping part, overcome due to high possessed by titanium alloy itself
The characteristics of fusing point, high molten state activity and big resistance of deformation, big, the complex parts processing technology of caused difficulty of processing was difficult
The shortcomings of, it is more and more studied and is applied in space flight and aviation and national defence manufacturing field, still, since laser gain material manufactures it
I.e. hot i.e. cold characteristic is difficult to control, and it is to run through multiple cladding layers along forming direction to cause its titanium alloy drip molding macrostructure
Coarse β column crystals, even if be heat-treated influence unobvious of its effect to column crystal, and its tissue be mostly typical martensite (such as
Shown in Fig. 1, b is the enlarged drawing of a in Fig. 1), due to these features so that laser gain material manufactures titanium alloy (LAM-TC4) deposited
Component shows the inductile feature of high intensity, and mechanical property is difficult to reach forging standard, and the anisotropy of performance is also brighter
It is aobvious, to seriously restrict its application in national defense industry and aerospace field.It is therefore desirable to take certain measure to improve
The macro microstructures of LAM-TC4 so that β column crystals disappear or transformation, and then play and improve its plasticity to reduce its anisotropic
Effect.
By CET theories it is found that β column crystals will be far more than α equiax crystal in a laser molten pool, and a small amount of α is isometric
Crystalline substance exists only at the top of molten bath, so in laser gain material forming process, first layer cladding tissue mainly by a large amount of β column crystals and
A small amount of α equiax crystal of cover it layer forms, and the α equiax crystal of preceding layer can be melted when carrying out next layer of cladding,
Solidification forms β column crystals again, so adding up successively, the solidified structure of LAM-TC4 depositeds is mainly by running through multiple cladding layers
Formed in the coarse β column crystals of epitaxial growth, and length is between several millimeters to tens millimeters, width 0.1mm~0.3mm it
Between, column crystal main shaft then makes along the growth of forming direction, and since the process of laser forming is an extremely cold very hot process
Microstructure forms typical martensite.Therefore, coarse β column crystals+martensite is formed LAM-TC4 are typically high-strength
Degree, inductile feature, while coarse β column crystals also necessarily cause to occur along the performance of laser forming direction and horizontal direction
The larger phenomenon of larger difference, i.e. anisotropy.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of methods that plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys；Energy
It enough eliminates laser gain material manufacture titanium alloy and the β crystal grain of miserable scholar's shape crystalline substance occurs, improve the microstructure of titanium alloy.
The technical scheme is that：The method for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys,
Include the following steps：Step S1, B powder is dried under vacuum conditions with Titanium Powder, and the quality accounting of wherein B powder is
0.01-0.2%, wherein titanium alloy powder granularity are 50-150 μm, and B powder powder sizes are 10-20 μm；Step S2, by step S1
In obtained drying B powder and Titanium Powder be uniformly mixed, obtain mixed-powder；Step S3, by step S2 gained mixed-powder,
It is configured to titanium alloy exemplar using laser gain material manufacturing technology in protective atmosphere environment, base material is incuded in forming process
Heating, and eliminate β crystal boundaries of coming into being in exemplar；Wherein the temperature of sensing heating is 900-1100 DEG C.
Further, the features of the present invention also characterized in that：
Laser power is 180-240W, sweep speed 10mm/s, powder sending quantity 2.5g/min in wherein step S3.
The exemplar obtained in wherein step S3 has Widmannstatten structure and sheet α crystal boundaries.
The quality accounting of B powder is 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.2% in wherein step S1.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The method of the present invention can eliminate laser gain material manufacture titanium alloy and the β crystal grain of coarse column crystal occurs, and it is micro- to improve its
Tissue is seen, this method can generate constitutional supercooling using B in titanium Solid Solutions, nucleation rate is caused to increase, while B and Ti is solidifying
Solid final stage eutectic reaction can occur generate a small amount of TiB, cut off the crystal boundary of original β column crystals so that the β in LAM-TC4
Column crystal disappears.
Further, it avoids during laser forming very hot bringing due to extremely cold using sensing heating auxiliary B
Insufficient problem is reacted, and the participation of sensing heating can also improve due to extremely cold very hot and lead to the problem of martensite.
The present invention is assisted by way of adding appropriate B in TC4 powder, and using sensing heating, can be effectively eliminated sharp
The nascent β crystal boundaries of light increasing material manufacturing TC4, macrostructure are in the equiaxial lamellar structure of class, and so that martensite transfor mation is Wei Shi groups
It knits, to achieve the effect that improve LAM-TC4 deposited plasticity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the laser gain material without the non-inductive heating of B manufactures titanium alloy tissue topography figure in the prior art；
Tissue topography's figure of LAM-TC4 when B content is 0.01% in Fig. 2 present invention；
Tissue topography's figure that Fig. 3 is LAM-TC4 when B content is 0.025% in the present invention；
Tissue topography's figure that Fig. 4 is LAM-TC4 when B content is 0.05% in the present invention；
Tissue topography's figure that Fig. 5 is LAM-TC4 when B content is 0.1% in the present invention；
Tissue topography's figure that Fig. 6 is LAM-TC4 when B content is 0.2% in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the LAM-TC4 deposited plastic curves of different B contents in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention also provides the methods for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys, specifically
Include the following steps：
B powder and Titanium Powder are dried step S1 under vacuum conditions, and wherein the quality accounting of B powder is 0.01-
The granularity of 0.2%, B powder is 10-20 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 50-150 μm；Specifically by B powder and Titanium Powder 120
DEG C vacuum environment under dry 2 more than hour processing is dried, avoid two kinds of powder from occurring viscous powder during mixed powder
Phenomenon.
The drying B powder and Titanium Powder that are obtained in step S1 are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed-powder by step S2；Specifically
B powder and Titanium Powder are fitted into three-dimensional mixer and mixed, progress depth in powder feeder is reloaded into and is uniformly mixed.
Gained mixed-powder in step S2 is configured to TC4 exemplars by step S3 using laser gain material manufacturing technology, is shaped
Sensing heating is participated in the overall process in the process, and protective atmosphere environment is preferably argon gas；Specifically, laser power is 180-240W, it is excellent
The laser power of choosing is 200W or 220W, sweep speed 10mm/s, powder sending quantity 2.5g/min, along the lifting capacity Δ Z=of Z axis
0.06~0.10mm, preferred lifting capacity are 0.07mm or 0.08mm, and overlap joint spacing is 0.2mm；The induction coil of sensing heating
For individual pen circular ring shape, distance between internal radius 40mm, internal diameter of copper pipe 6mm, wherein induction coil inner wall and exemplar each section
Equalization, induction heating temperature are 900-1100 DEG C, and preferred induction heating temperature is 950 DEG C or 1000 DEG C.
Above-mentioned forming process is：Exemplar is obtained using laser gain material manufacturing technology, and before exemplar solidification.
Sensing heating controls exemplar temperature using infrared temperature control system wherein in laser gain material manufacturing process, carries out real-time
Heating, and induction coil is finished with the lifting capacity Δ Z Synchronous liftings of Z axis until exemplar shapes.
Specific embodiments of the present invention include：
Embodiment 1
When the quality accounting of B powder is 0.01%, by the tissue topography of exemplar obtained by the above method as shown in Fig. 2,
Wherein original β crystal boundaries are shaped by the line of demarcation of the sheet α of the opposite two rows of parallel arrangeds in direction, and b is the amplification of a in wherein Fig. 2
Design sketch.
Embodiment 2
When the quality accounting of B powder is 0.025%, by the tissue topography of exemplar obtained by the above method as shown in figure 3,
The wherein sheet α of parallel arranged still exists, and the original β crystal boundaries of sheet α formings that line of demarcation is connected by first place, b in wherein Fig. 3
For the amplification effect figure of a.
Embodiment 3
When the quality accounting of B powder is 0.05%, by the tissue topography of exemplar obtained by the above method as shown in figure 4,
Crystal boundary is mainly based on the sheet α that connects of first place, and the sheet α of parallel arranged is considerably less, and macrostructure is also no longer β
Column crystal, mainly crystal grain in the form of sheets, the amplification effect figure that b is a in wherein Fig. 4.
Embodiment 4
When the quality accounting of B powder is 0.1%, by the tissue topography of exemplar obtained by the above method as shown in figure 5, sample
Substantially there is no apparent crystal boundaries for the macrostructure of part, and have the appearance of a small amount of TiB whiskers, TiB that can influence titanium alloy
Plasticity, b is the amplification effect figure of a in wherein Fig. 5.
Embodiment 5
When the quality accounting of B powder is 0.2%, by the tissue topography of exemplar obtained by the above method as shown in fig. 6, energy
B content surplus is enough will become apparent from, in SEM electricity microscopic observations, it can be found that the lines of many brilliant whites occur, and is locally having richness
Collection, this is the concentration effect of TiB whiskers, and TiB is brittlement phase, can seriously affect the plasticity of titanium alloy, and b is a's in wherein Fig. 6
Amplification effect figure.
Embodiment 6
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.03%, and the granularity of B powder is 10 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 50 μm；Swashing
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating during light increasing material manufacturing to base material is 900 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Widmannstatten structure
With sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 7
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.06%, and the granularity of B powder is 15 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 70 μm；Swashing
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating during light increasing material manufacturing to base material is 940 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Widmannstatten structure
With sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 8
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.11%, and the granularity of B powder is 20 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 100 μm；
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating in laser gain material manufacturing process to base material is 1100 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Wei Shi groups
Knit with sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 9
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.13%, and the granularity of B powder is 18 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 80 μm；Swashing
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating during light increasing material manufacturing to base material is 1000 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Widmannstatten structure
With sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 10
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.08%, and the granularity of B powder is 12 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 150 μm；
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating in laser gain material manufacturing process to base material is 910 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Wei Shi groups
Knit with sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 11
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.06%, and the granularity of B powder is 13 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 120 μm；
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating in laser gain material manufacturing process to base material is 1050 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Wei Shi groups
Knit with sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
Embodiment 12
The B silty amount accountings used is 0.09%, and the granularity of B powder is 20 μm, and the granularity of Titanium Powder is 140 μm；
The temperature for carrying out sensing heating in laser gain material manufacturing process to base material is 990 DEG C.Finally obtained exemplar its with Wei Shi groups
Knit with sheet α crystal boundaries, and exemplar have good deposited plasticity.
In summary when B powder contents are less than 0.1%, the plasticity of exemplar could meet forging required standard.Such as Fig. 7
The LAM-TC4 exemplar deposited plastic curve figures of above-mentioned different B contents are shown, it can be seen that when B content is 0.05%
When, deposited plasticity is optimal.
Claims (7)
1. the method for adding B sensing heatings to eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
B powder is dried step S1 under vacuum conditions with Titanium Powder, and wherein the quality accounting of B powder is 0.01-0.2%,
Titanium alloy powder granularity is 50-150 μm, and B powder powder sizes are 10-20 μm；
The drying B powder and Titanium Powder that are obtained in step S1 are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed-powder by step S2；
Gained mixed-powder in step S2 is configured in protective atmosphere environment using laser gain material manufacturing technology by step S3
Titanium alloy exemplar carries out sensing heating to base material in forming process, and eliminates β crystal boundaries of coming into being in exemplar；Wherein sensing heating
Temperature is 900-1100 DEG C.
2. the method that according to claim 1 plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β crystal boundaries of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys,
It is characterized in that, laser power is 180-240W, sweep speed 10mm/s, powder sending quantity 2.5g/min in the step S3.
3. according to claim 1 plus B sensing heatings eliminate the method that laser gain material manufactures the nascent β crystal boundaries of TC4 alloys, special
Sign is that the exemplar obtained in the step S3 has Widmannstatten structure and sheet α crystal boundaries.
4. it is brilliant that according to claim 1-3 any one plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys
The method on boundary, which is characterized in that the quality accounting of B powder is 0.05% in the step S1.
5. it is brilliant that according to claim 1-3 any one plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys
The method on boundary, which is characterized in that the quality accounting of B powder is 0.025% in the step S1.
6. it is brilliant that according to claim 1-3 any one plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys
The method on boundary, which is characterized in that the quality accounting of B powder is 0.1% in the step S1.
7. it is brilliant that according to claim 1-3 any one plus B sensing heatings eliminate the nascent β of laser gain material manufacture TC4 alloys
The method on boundary, which is characterized in that the quality accounting of B powder is 0.2% in the step S1.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226743A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of anisotropic method of boron alloyed rotten reduction TC4 increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109989059A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-09 | 莆田学院 | A kind of TiBw-Ti composite layer and its laser in-situ preparation method |
| CN110496960A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-26 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing metal powder |
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| CN105256311A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-20 | 西安交通大学 | Method for controlling directional growth of laser-directly structured high-temperature alloy through induction heating |
| CN107442774A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | The method that sensing heating aids in alterant refining laser increasing material manufacturing titanium alloy crystal grain |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105256311A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-20 | 西安交通大学 | Method for controlling directional growth of laser-directly structured high-temperature alloy through induction heating |
| CN107442774A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | The method that sensing heating aids in alterant refining laser increasing material manufacturing titanium alloy crystal grain |
Cited By (4)
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| CN109226743A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of anisotropic method of boron alloyed rotten reduction TC4 increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109989059A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-09 | 莆田学院 | A kind of TiBw-Ti composite layer and its laser in-situ preparation method |
| CN110496960A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-26 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing metal powder |
| CN110496960B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Metal powder for additive manufacturing |
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