Battery structure for inhibiting thermal runaway of battery pack from spreading
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery structure for inhibiting thermal runaway of a battery pack.
Background
The electric vehicle develops rapidly, and the lithium ion power battery becomes the preferred power source of the electric vehicle due to the advantages of high energy density, high specific power, long service life, low self-discharge rate, long storage time and the like. However, in the use process of the power battery, the battery is out of control due to overcharge, short circuit, mechanical collision, abuse and the like, even fires or explosions are generated, the life safety of passengers is endangered, and certain influence is brought to the development of the electric automobile.
At present, the protection against thermal runaway in a battery pack is mainly divided into two aspects, on one hand, fireproof heat insulation materials are arranged between battery modules and between a module and a case cover through heat insulation materials, and the manufacturing process of the method is complex and the cost is high; on the other hand, by adding a fire extinguishing device, a fire extinguishing agent or various solutions are sprayed, but the cost is increased more, and the specific implementation method is difficult. Therefore, on the basis of the original liquid cooling system, the design of the battery pack thermal runaway time delay device is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a battery structure for inhibiting the thermal runaway of a battery pack, so as to solve the problems of quicker diffusion and less escape time of passengers after the thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical proposal that,
the utility model provides a battery structure that suppresses battery package thermal runaway and spread, includes battery box, battery module and liquid cooling plate group, battery module, liquid cooling plate group respectively fixed mounting in the battery box, and battery module installs in the top of liquid cooling plate group, and liquid cooling plate group includes liquid cooling plate and heat conduction paster, and the laminating of heat conduction paster is on the liquid cooling plate, and the heat conduction paster meets the heat and melts, and the heat conduction paster after melting is absorbed by the liquid cooling plate.
Further, dig on the liquid cooling board and be equipped with the liquid chute, but the laminating of liquid chute is equipped with the sealed paster of hot melt, and heat conduction paster laminating is on sealed paster.
Further, the liquid cooling plate comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the liquid flow groove is dug on the upper cover plate, a liquid storage cavity is formed in the lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are spliced to form the liquid storage cavity.
Further, the end face of the liquid storage cavity is provided with a liquid storage groove and a liquid storage exchange groove, the liquid storage groove is uniformly distributed on the end face of the liquid storage cavity, and the liquid storage exchange grooves are formed between the adjacent liquid storage grooves in a staggered mode.
Further, the liquid storage exchange groove comprises an exchange transverse groove and an exchange vertical groove which are mutually perpendicular, and the exchange transverse groove is mutually communicated with the exchange vertical groove.
Further, the liquid storage groove is arranged in parallel with the exchange vertical groove, and the liquid storage grooves are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, fixedly connected with drain pipe and feed liquor pipe on the upper cover plate, drain pipe, feed liquor pipe communicate with stock solution chamber respectively, and drain pipe, feed liquor pipe stretch out the battery box outside respectively.
Further, a positioning groove is dug on one side of the liquid cooling plate, positioning lugs are fixedly connected to two sides of the liquid cooling plate, and a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are fixedly connected to one side of the positioning lugs.
Further, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery pieces which are fixedly arranged on the heat conducting patch.
Further, the battery box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are mutually spliced, a supporting rib is fixedly connected to the lower box body, and the liquid cooling plate is arranged on the supporting rib.
The invention has the beneficial effects that when the battery is not in thermal runaway, the battery module is subjected to heat dissipation through the liquid cooling plate, when the battery is in thermal runaway, the heat conduction patch is liquefied, circulating liquid in the liquid cooling plate enters the battery pack and is in direct contact with the battery module, the circulating liquid is directly subjected to convective heat exchange with the battery module, the heat emitted by the battery is quickly absorbed and is brought to the outside of the battery pack, more heat can be absorbed, the spread of the battery Bao Re out of control is delayed, and the escape time of passengers is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an expanded schematic view of the liquid cooling plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower cover plate.
Reference numerals: the battery box 1, the battery module 2, the liquid cooling plate group 3, the liquid cooling plate 4, the heat conduction paster 5, the liquid flow groove 6, the sealing paster 7, the upper cover plate 8, the lower cover plate 9, the liquid storage cavity 10, the liquid storage groove 11, the liquid storage exchange groove 12, the exchange transverse groove 13, the exchange vertical groove 14, the liquid outlet pipe 15, the liquid inlet pipe 16, the positioning groove 17, the positioning lug 18, the battery piece 19, the upper box 20, the lower box 21, the supporting rib 22 and the limiting block 23.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a battery structure that suppresses battery package thermal runaway and spread, including battery box 1, battery module 2 and liquid cooling plate group 3, battery module 2, liquid cooling plate group 3 are fixed mounting respectively in battery box 1, battery module 2 installs the top at liquid cooling plate group 3, liquid cooling plate group 3 includes liquid cooling plate 4 and heat conduction paster 5, heat conduction paster 5 laminating is on liquid cooling plate 4, heat conduction paster 5 preheat and melt, heat conduction paster 5 after melting is absorbed by liquid cooling plate 4, when the battery does not take place thermal runaway, dispel the heat to battery module 2 through liquid cooling plate 4, when the battery takes place thermal runaway, heat conduction paster 5 liquefaction, circulation liquid in the liquid cooling plate gets into in the battery package, with battery module direct contact, directly carry out convection heat transfer with battery module, absorb the heat that the battery gives off fast, and take to the battery package outside, can absorb more heat, delay the spread that the battery Bao Re is out of control, increase passenger's time.
Dig on the liquid cooling board 4 and be equipped with the chute 6, but the laminating has sealed paster 7 of hot melt in the chute 6, heat conduction paster 5 laminating is on sealed paster 7, preferably, heat conduction paster 5, sealed paster 7 all adopt phase change material, that is, solid-state heat conduction paster 5, sealed paster 7 meet high temperature and can take place the liquefaction, when the temperature of battery module 2 is too high, heat conduction paster 5, sealed paster 7 liquefies simultaneously, make the circulation liquid in the liquid cooling board 4 get into in the battery package, directly carry out convection heat transfer with the battery module, increase passenger escape time, preferably, sealed paster 7 adopts below 60 ℃ for solid-state phase change material, heat conduction paster 5 adopts below 80 ℃ for solid-state phase change material.
The liquid cooling plate 4 comprises an upper cover plate 8 and a lower cover plate 9, the liquid flow groove 6 is dug on the upper cover plate 8, a liquid storage cavity 10 is formed in the lower cover plate 9, the upper cover plate 8 and the lower cover plate 9 are spliced to form a liquid storage cavity, and the liquid storage cavity is used for storing circulating liquid and is convenient for cooling the battery module 2 through the circulating liquid.
The end face of the liquid storage containing cavity 10 is provided with a liquid storage groove 11 and a liquid storage exchange groove 12, the liquid storage groove 11 is uniformly distributed on the end face of the liquid storage containing cavity 10, the liquid storage exchange grooves 12 are formed between the adjacent liquid storage grooves 11 in a staggered mode, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is conveniently increased through the arrangement of the liquid storage groove 11 and the liquid storage exchange groove 12, and therefore the cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 4 to the battery module 2 is improved.
The liquid storage exchange tank 12 comprises an exchange transverse tank 13 and an exchange vertical tank 14 which are perpendicular to each other, the exchange transverse tank 13 is communicated with the exchange vertical tank 14, and the circulating liquid in the liquid storage cavity 10 can be conveniently subjected to heat exchange through the arrangement of the communicated exchange transverse tank 13 and the exchange vertical tank 14, so that the phenomenon of local high temperature of the circulating liquid is prevented.
The liquid storage tank 11 is arranged in parallel with the exchange vertical tank 13, and the liquid flow tank 6 and the liquid storage tank 11 are arranged in a staggered way, so that the phenomenon of local high temperature of circulating liquid is prevented.
Fixedly connected with drain pipe 15 and feed liquor pipe 16 on the upper cover plate 8, drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16 communicate with the stock solution chamber respectively, and drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16 stretch out the battery box body 1 outside respectively, circulate the circulation liquid in the liquid cooling board 4 through drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16 to improve the cooling effect of liquid cooling board 4.
One side of the liquid cooling plate 4 is dug and provided with a positioning groove 17, two sides of the liquid cooling plate 4 are fixedly connected with positioning lugs 18, and the liquid outlet pipe 15 and the liquid inlet pipe 16 are fixedly connected to one side of the positioning lugs 18 through the positioning grooves 17 and the positioning lugs 18.
The battery module 2 comprises a plurality of battery pieces 19, the battery pieces 19 are fixedly mounted on the heat conduction patches 5, namely, a heat conduction patch 5 is attached to the lower end face of each battery piece 19, and the heat conduction patches 5 are convenient to mount.
The battery box 1 includes the last box 20 of mutual amalgamation and lower box 21, fixedly connected with brace bar 22 on the lower box 21, and liquid cooling board 4 is installed on brace bar 22, through the setting of brace bar 22, prevents that liquid cooling board 4 from directly laminating with battery box 1 inner wall, and then improves the self-heat dissipation effect of liquid cooling board 4.
In some preferred modes, a limiting block 23 is fixedly connected in the upper box body 20, and the condensing plate 4 is convenient to fixedly install through the arrangement of the limiting block 23.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Although the terms corresponding to the reference numerals in the drawings are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded; these terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.