CN114566741A - New energy automobile power battery thermal management structure - Google Patents
New energy automobile power battery thermal management structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114566741A CN114566741A CN202210209948.2A CN202210209948A CN114566741A CN 114566741 A CN114566741 A CN 114566741A CN 202210209948 A CN202210209948 A CN 202210209948A CN 114566741 A CN114566741 A CN 114566741A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a new energy automobile power battery heat management structure applied to the technical field of new energy automobiles, wherein a battery module (5) of the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure comprises a plurality of battery cores (51), a liquid cooling plate (3) is arranged above the battery cores (51), the liquid cooling plate (3) is communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline (4), a pressure release valve on the battery cores (51) is communicated with a fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel (35), an insulating heat conducting piece (54) is arranged between the battery cores (51) and the liquid cooling plate (3), the battery module (5) is arranged in a shell (2), a hollow cavity is arranged in the shell (2), and a plurality of air holes (26) communicated with the hollow cavity are arranged on the inner wall of the shell (2) Cooling, preventing spreading, directional exhausting and improving safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a thermal management structure of a power battery of a new energy vehicle.
Background
In the new energy industry, lithium ion power batteries are the most rapidly developed and widely popularized in recent years due to their high energy density and excellent cycle performance. However, the safety problem also needs to be considered in all aspects, especially the lithium ion battery has poor internal stability, and faults from the inside or outside of the battery, such as overheating, overcharge and overdischarge, internal short circuit or physical collision, may cause thermal runaway with serious consequences, so that a large amount of energy in the battery cell is explosively released in a short time, even along with explosion and flame, and seriously harms personnel and property safety.
In this special environment of passenger car, receive limited space restriction, weight requirement, safety requirement etc. the design of battery package is very important, and each big car manufacturer's whole orientation is unified relatively, promptly: the energy density of the battery pack is increased, the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, the charge and discharge management and heat management effects are enhanced, and the thermal runaway emergency measures are increased. In the structure of using the lithium ion power battery with the aluminum shell battery core, the water cooling plate is usually arranged below a module consisting of a plurality of battery cores, and the redundant heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the battery is taken away through water, so that the battery pack is at a proper working temperature, and the temperature of the battery pack is controlled within a smaller range. The water cooling plate is also applied to the side surface of the battery module so as to reduce the occupied space of the water cooling system.
When thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the thermal runaway phenomena of different degrees, including rapid heat release, generation of a large amount of reaction gas, and even open fire and explosion, can occur according to different negative electrode materials and proportions of the battery. Chemical reactions inside the faulty cell will generate a large amount of energy, the temperature rises rapidly, and once the adjacent cells exceed the thermal runaway trigger temperature in the heat transfer process, thermal runaway will spread. On the other hand, the released combustible gas also has high temperature, and the damage caused by the released combustible gas is also not negligible unless the combustible gas is cooled and extinguished by proper means. If the water-cooling plate is arranged at the bottom or the side surface of the battery module, the heat-radiating function of the water-cooling plate is difficult to be utilized to reduce the thermal runaway exhaust temperature. In the aspect of the current technology, a lithium ion power battery pack structure which gives consideration to thermal management of the battery pack, thermal runaway fire extinguishing, temperature reduction, spreading prevention and directional exhaust is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure is simple in structure, can effectively guarantee the heat management of the battery during normal charging and discharging, and can be used for thermal runaway emergency treatment, so that the battery pack heat management and the thermal runaway extinguishment, cooling, spreading prevention and directional exhaust are considered, and the overall safety is improved.
To solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a new energy automobile power battery heat management structure which comprises a battery module, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of electric cores, a liquid cooling plate is arranged above the electric cores and is communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline, a fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel is arranged on the liquid cooling plate, a pressure release valve on the electric core is communicated with the fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel, an insulating heat conducting piece is arranged between the electric cores and the liquid cooling plate, the battery module is arranged in a shell, a hollow cavity is arranged in the shell, a plurality of air holes communicated with the hollow cavity are formed in the inner wall of the shell, and the hollow cavity is communicated with the exhaust channel arranged on the shell.
The shell is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline, and the cooling liquid pipeline is communicated with the cooling liquid flow channel.
The insulating heat-conducting piece is a heat-conducting silica gel sheet.
A plurality of electric cores of battery module on set up the busbar, the liquid cooling board is located busbar top position, the liquid cooling board presss from both sides insulating heat-conducting piece tightly with the busbar.
Liquid-cooled board on set up a plurality of openings, the smoke exhaust passage that puts out a fire of grid structure runs through a plurality of openings and forms a plurality of smoke exhaust passages that put out a fire, every opening sets up the structure into a relief valve that can aim at electric core.
The top cover is buckled above the shell, the liquid cooling plate is positioned below the top cover, the side face of the shell is provided with an explosion-proof valve and a power supply interface, and the explosion-proof valve is communicated with an exhaust passage inside the shell.
The cooling liquid pipeline include coolant liquid inlet pipe way and coolant liquid outlet pipe way, new energy automobile power battery thermal management structure include a plurality of liquid cooling boards, coolant liquid inlet pipe way of coolant liquid import intercommunication of every liquid cooling board, coolant liquid outlet pipe way of coolant liquid export intercommunication of every liquid cooling board.
Battery module top from the bottom up set gradually support, busbar, insulating heat-conducting piece, the exhaust passage intercommunication on exhaust fume channel and the support of putting out a fire, the relief valve on the exhaust passage intercommunication electricity core.
The battery module adjacent electric core between set up the heat insulating board, battery module bottom sets up the blotter.
The shell inner wall is provided with fins, an electric core is arranged between every two adjacent fins, and the shell inner wall is further provided with a pipeline fixing groove.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
when the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure is structurally arranged, a plurality of parts of the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure are uniquely improved, and main innovation points are embodied in three aspects: firstly, there is the smoke evacuation passageway that can put out a fire on the liquid cooling board. When certain electric core of battery module takes place thermal runaway, inside chemical reaction can produce a large amount of high temperature combustible gas, and electric core top relief valve is opened, and gas is released to the outside. The gas is guided directionally and discharged through the smoke exhaust channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the net structure can effectively restrain open fire, effectively control fire behavior and guarantee the safety of batteries and personnel. Meanwhile, high-temperature gas can be rapidly cooled by the liquid cooling plate, and the gas density of the cooled gas is greatly reduced, so that the effect of reducing the internal pressure of the battery pack is achieved, and the possibility of fire after the combustible gas contacts oxygen is reduced. Secondly, the top of the busbar arranged on the electrode lug of the battery cell is attached with an insulating heat-conducting piece (a heat-conducting silica gel sheet can be selected for use), the liquid cooling plate is arranged on the insulating heat-conducting piece, and a heat insulation plate is arranged between the battery cell and the battery cell in the battery module. In the charging and discharging process, the redundant heat generated in the battery cell is transmitted to the liquid cooling plate through the top bus bar, so that the heat management effect is achieved. Simultaneously, in case certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, because the existence of the heat insulating board between electric core and the electric core, trouble electric core heat will be with the speed transmission of extremely slow to the module in adjacent electric core, and the vast majority of energy is taken away by top liquid cold drawing. Further, separate by the cavity aluminum hull between module and the module, the heat in the trouble electricity core also can be with this slow transmission to adjacent module, and then takes away by the water-cooling board. And thirdly, the shell of the battery pack is hollow, and a plurality of air holes communicated with the inside of the battery pack are formed in the inner side of the shell. As a post thermal runaway exhaust passage. Certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, and the gas of its emission gets into battery module outside after putting out a fire, cooling through the discharge fume channel in the liquid cooling board, gets into the hollow gas passage of casing through the gas pocket under the effect of pressure, discharges to the external environment by battery package casing afterbody orientation at last. Longer passages may further reduce the gas temperature. Further, the hollow-out structure can compensate the influence of the hollow on the strength of the shell. The thermal management structure of the new energy automobile power battery is simple in structure, can effectively guarantee thermal management during normal charging and discharging of the battery, and can be used for thermal runaway emergency treatment, so that thermal management of a battery pack and thermal runaway fire extinguishing, cooling, spreading prevention and directional exhaust are taken into consideration, and the overall safety is improved.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1a is an external structural schematic diagram of a thermal management structure of a power battery of a new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 1b is a schematic view of another angle of the external structure of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of an inner wall of a housing of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 3b is a schematic partial top view of a shell of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module of the thermal management structure of a power battery of a new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 4b is a schematic partial enlarged structural view of a portion a of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile in fig. 4 a;
fig. 4c is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 5a is a schematic structural view of a liquid cooling plate of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile;
fig. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid cooling plate of the thermal management structure of the power battery of the new energy automobile according to the invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers are respectively: 1. the heat-insulating and heat-conducting type explosion-proof valve comprises a top cover, 2, a shell, 21, a power supply interface, 22, a cooling liquid inlet and outlet, 23, an explosion-proof valve, 24, fins, 26, air holes, 27, an exhaust channel, 271, reinforcing ribs, 28, a pipeline fixing groove, 3, a liquid cooling plate, 31, a fixing hole, 32, a cooling liquid flow channel, 33, a cooling liquid inlet, 34, a cooling liquid outlet, 35, a fire-extinguishing and smoke-discharging channel, 4, a cooling water pipeline, 41, a cooling liquid inlet pipeline, 42, a cooling liquid outlet pipeline, 5, a battery module, 51, an electric core, 52, a heat-insulating plate, 53, a busbar, 54, an insulating heat-conducting piece, 55, a side plate, 56, a support, 57, an insulating gasket, 58, a buffer cushion, 6, an opening part, 7 and an exhaust passage.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes and structures of the components, the mutual positions and connection relations among the components, the functions and operation principles of the components, will be made by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 a-fig. 5b, the present invention is a thermal management structure for a new energy automobile power battery, the thermal management structure for a new energy automobile power battery includes a battery module 5, the battery module 5 includes a plurality of electric cores 51, a liquid cooling plate 3 is disposed above the electric cores 51, the liquid cooling plate 3 is communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline 4, a fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel 35 is disposed on the liquid cooling plate 3, a pressure release valve on the electric core 51 is communicated with the fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel 35, an insulating heat conducting member 54 is disposed between the electric core 51 and the liquid cooling plate 3, the battery module 5 is mounted in a housing 2, a hollow cavity is disposed in the housing 2, a plurality of air holes 26 communicated with the hollow cavity are disposed on an inner wall of the housing 2, and the hollow cavity is communicated with an air exhausting channel 27 disposed on the housing 2. The structure provides an improved technical scheme aiming at the defects in the prior art. When a thermal management structure of a power battery of a new energy automobile is arranged, unique improvements are carried out on a plurality of parts of the new energy automobile, and main innovation points are embodied in three aspects: firstly, there is the smoke evacuation passageway that can put out a fire on the liquid cooling board. When certain electric core of battery module takes place thermal runaway, inside chemical reaction can produce a large amount of high temperature combustible gas, and electric core top relief valve is opened, and gas is released to the outside. The gas is guided directionally and discharged through the smoke exhaust channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the net structure can effectively restrain open fire, effectively control fire behavior and guarantee the safety of batteries and personnel. Meanwhile, high-temperature gas can be rapidly cooled by the liquid cooling plate, and the gas density of the cooled gas is greatly reduced, so that the effect of reducing the internal pressure of the battery pack is achieved, and the possibility of fire after the combustible gas contacts oxygen is reduced. Secondly, the top of the busbar arranged on the electrode lug of the battery cell is attached with an insulating heat-conducting piece (a heat-conducting silica gel sheet can be selected for use), the liquid cooling plate is arranged on the insulating heat-conducting piece, and a heat insulation plate is arranged between the battery cell and the battery cell in the battery module. In the charging and discharging process, the redundant heat generated in the battery core is transmitted to the liquid cooling plate through the top bus bar, so that the heat management effect is achieved. Simultaneously, in case certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, because the existence of the heat insulating board between electric core and the electric core, trouble electric core heat will be with the speed transmission of extremely slow to the module in adjacent electric core, and the vast majority of energy is taken away by top liquid cold drawing. Further, separate by the cavity aluminum hull between module and the module, the heat in the trouble electricity core also can be with this slow transmission to adjacent module, and then takes away by the water-cooling board. Thirdly, the shell of the battery pack is hollow and is internally provided with a plurality of air holes communicated with the inside of the battery pack. As a post thermal runaway exhaust passage. When a certain electric core is out of control due to heat, the discharged gas enters the outside of the battery module after being extinguished and cooled through the smoke exhaust channel in the liquid cooling plate, enters the hollow gas channel of the shell through the gas hole under the action of pressure, and is finally discharged to the external environment from the tail of the shell of the battery pack in a directional mode. Longer passages may further reduce the gas temperature. Further, the hollow-out structure can compensate the influence of the hollow on the strength of the shell. The thermal management structure of the new energy automobile power battery is simple in structure, can effectively guarantee thermal management during normal charging and discharging of the battery, and can be used for thermal runaway emergency treatment, so that thermal management of a battery pack and thermal runaway fire extinguishing, cooling, spreading prevention and directional exhaust are taken into consideration, and the overall safety is improved.
The shell 2 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and outlet 22, the liquid cooling plate 3 is provided with a cooling liquid flow passage 32, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet 22 is communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline 4, and the cooling liquid pipeline 4 is communicated with the cooling liquid flow passage 32. Above-mentioned structure, coolant liquid runner is used for the coolant liquid circulation, and the coolant liquid pipeline is used for the coolant liquid to carry, ensures that the liquid cooling plate reliably realizes cooling effect.
The insulating heat-conducting member 54 is a heat-conducting silicone sheet. With the structure, the insulating heat-conducting piece 54 is preferably a heat-conducting silica gel sheet, so that the insulating heat-conducting function is reliably realized, and the functional requirements are met.
The plurality of battery cells 51 of the battery module 5 are provided with a bus bar 53, the liquid cooling plate 3 is located above the bus bar 53, and the insulating heat-conducting member 54 is clamped by the liquid cooling plate 3 and the bus bar 53. The liquid cooling plate 3 on set up a plurality of openings 6, the smoke channel 35 of putting out a fire of grid structure runs through a plurality of openings 6 and forms a plurality of smoke channel 35 of putting out a fire, every opening 6 sets up the structure that can aim at a relief valve of electric core 51.
2 top spiral-lock of casing 2 on top install top cap 1, liquid cooling plate 3 is located top cap 1 below, casing 2 side sets up explosion-proof valve 23 and power source 21, explosion-proof valve 23 and the exhaust passage 27 intercommunication on the casing 2. Above-mentioned structure, casing and top cap can separate, also can the lock, and the part such as battery module is convenient for get during the separation, forms the box after the lock, protection battery module.
The cooling liquid pipeline 4 comprises a cooling liquid inlet pipeline 41 and a cooling liquid outlet pipeline 42, the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure comprises a plurality of liquid cooling plates 3, a cooling liquid inlet 33 of each liquid cooling plate 3 is communicated with one cooling liquid inlet pipeline 41, and a cooling liquid outlet 34 of each liquid cooling plate 3 is communicated with one cooling liquid outlet pipeline 42.
The battery module 5 is provided with a support 56, a busbar 53 and an insulating heat-conducting piece 54 from bottom to top in sequence, the fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel 35 is communicated with an exhaust passage 7 on the support 56, and the exhaust passage 7 is communicated with a pressure release valve on the battery core 51. The heat insulation plate 52 is arranged between the adjacent electric cores 51 of the battery module 5, and the cushion pad 58 is arranged at the bottom of the battery module 5.
In the thermal management structure of the new energy automobile power battery, fig. 1a and 1b show the front and back schematic views of the power battery (battery pack). The outermost sides of the battery pack are the top cover 1 and the shell 2, which are visible from the appearance. Wherein the front surface of the shell is provided with a power supply main interface 21 and a cooling liquid inlet and outlet 22 which are connected with the outside, and the back surface is provided with an explosion-proof valve 23 for directional exhaust.
Fig. 2 shows the whole structure inside the battery pack, which comprises a top cover 1, a liquid cooling plate 3, a cooling liquid pipeline 4 and a battery module 5 from top to bottom in sequence. Wherein, the liquid cooling plate 3 is located on every two battery modules 5, and the two ends of the liquid cooling plate 3 are respectively provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet. The inside casing 2 of battery package is equipped with multiunit hollow structure's fin 24, and fin 24 separates adjacent battery module in proper order. Certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, and the heat is transferred to cavity fin 24 by electric core side, and the slow transfer is to adjacent battery module, can regard as the means of the a large amount of heats of supplementary dilution thermal runaway electric core.
Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic views of the inside of the battery pack case 2. And a plurality of groups of air holes 26 are arranged on two long edges on the inner side of the shell and used for guiding the gas generated after the thermal runaway of the battery core to enter an exhaust channel in the shell. The housing 2 is a hollow exhaust channel 27. In which reinforcing ribs 271 for increasing the structural strength are provided. A plurality of grooves 28 for supporting and fixing the coolant line are formed on one side of the inner wall surface of the housing 2.
Fig. 4a and 4b are schematic structural views of the battery module. Every battery module contains a plurality of electric cores 51, is equipped with the heat insulating board between per two electric cores 51 for delay thermal runaway emergence back trouble electric core gives adjacent electric core with heat transfer. The electric core outside at both ends is curb plate 55 for fixed module structure. The battery core tab is provided with a busbar 53, and the upper end of the busbar 53 is provided with a heat-conducting silica gel sheet 54 for transferring heat. Further, the surface areas of the bus bar 53 and the heat-conductive silicone sheet 54 are increased as much as possible to enhance the heat exchange effect. Every battery module upper end still is equipped with the support for the guide way of structure auxiliary fixation and thermal runaway electricity core release combustible gas behind the explosion-proof valve of electric core top is broken through. The two smaller sides and bottom of the cell are covered by insulating spacers 57. Further, a cushion pad 58 is provided at the lowermost portion of the module.
Fig. 5a and 5b are schematic cross-sectional views of a liquid-cooled plate structure. The liquid cooling plate mainly includes two coolant flow channels 32, a smoke evacuation channel (fire extinguishing channel) 35, two sets of coolant inlets 33, two sets of coolant outlets 34, and fixing holes 31 for fixing. The coolant flow channel 32 is located right above the busbar 53 and the insulating heat-conducting member 54 of the corresponding battery module, and the coolant flows inside the coolant flow channel to take away excess heat generated in the charging and discharging processes of the battery. Further, when a certain electric core is out of control, the external control system increases the flow of the cooling liquid, strengthens the heat exchange effect, and can quickly take away the heat of the out of control electric core through the cooling bus bar. Exhaust passage on support 56 links to each other in netted passageway 35 of putting out a fire and the battery module, if the combustible gas that thermal runaway electricity core released takes place the burning, realizes constantly cutting apart through the network structure in passageway 35 of putting out a fire, reaches fire control effect. Furthermore, the netted fire extinguishing channel 35 belongs to a part of the liquid cooling plate 3, and high-temperature gas released by the thermal runaway cell can be directly cooled by the liquid cooling plate. Further, the gas that thermal runaway electricity core released gets into inside the battery package after the liquid cooling board, gets into exhaust passage 27 through the gas pocket 26 of battery package casing 2 inboard under the pressure effect, further reduces the temperature by casing 2 cooling, finally discharges to the environment through explosion-proof valve 23 orientation.
In the heat management structure of the new energy automobile power battery, 1) the liquid cooling plate is arranged above the battery module, and the battery core is subjected to more direct heat control in a direct cooling bus bar mode. Because the battery core electrode lug is directly connected with the inside, the heat management is more efficient. 2) When a certain electric core takes place the thermal runaway, the heat insulating board of the positive both sides of electric core can greatly slow down heat transfer to the electric core of thermal runaway adjacent position, simultaneously, the design of cavity fin makes heat accessible electric core side transmit to adjacent module with slower speed, supplementary dilution heat under the prerequisite that does not take place the thermal runaway and spread. Finally, when thermal runaway happens, the control system increases the flow rate of cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate, the battery core lug is directly connected with the inside of the battery core, and heat can be rapidly taken away by a method of cooling the busbar above the lug. 3) The liquid cooling plate in the battery pack has the functions of heat management, thermal runaway extinguishment, cooling and drainage. Liquid cooling board has the flue that can put out a fire, takes place thermal runaway when certain electric core, and inside chemical reaction can produce a large amount of high temperature combustible gases, and electric core top relief valve is opened, and gas is released to the outside. This portion of the gas will be directed and pass through the mesh flue, which effectively suppresses open flames. High-temperature gas can be cooled down by the water-cooling board fast, and the gas density that is reduced the temperature will reduce by a wide margin to this effect that reaches reduction battery package internal pressure has more reduced the possibility that the combustible gas catches fire after contacting oxygen. 4) The battery pack shell is hollow, and a plurality of air holes communicated with the inside of the battery pack are formed in the inner side of the battery pack shell. As a post thermal runaway exhaust passage. When a certain electric core is out of control due to heat, the discharged gas enters the outside of the battery module after being extinguished and cooled by the flue in the water cooling plate, enters the hollow gas channel of the shell through the gas hole under the action of pressure, and is finally discharged to the environment directionally from the tail of the shell of the battery pack. Longer passages may further reduce the gas temperature. Further, the hollow-out structure compensates the influence of the hollow space on the strength of the shell.
When the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure is structurally arranged, a plurality of parts of the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure are uniquely improved, and main innovation points are embodied in three aspects: firstly, there is the smoke evacuation passageway that can put out a fire on the liquid cooling board. When certain electric core of battery module takes place thermal runaway, inside chemical reaction can produce a large amount of high temperature combustible gas, and electric core top relief valve is opened, and gas is released to the outside. The gas is guided directionally and discharged through the smoke exhaust channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the net structure can effectively restrain open fire, effectively control fire behavior and guarantee the safety of batteries and personnel. Simultaneously, high-temperature gas can be cooled off by the liquid cooling plate fast, and the gas density of being reduced in temperature will reduce by a wide margin to this effect that reaches reduction battery package internal pressure, the possibility of having a fire after the combustible gas contact oxygen has more been reduced. Secondly, the top of the busbar arranged on the electrode lug of the battery cell is attached with an insulating heat-conducting piece (a heat-conducting silica gel sheet can be selected for use), the liquid cooling plate is arranged on the insulating heat-conducting piece, and a heat insulation plate is arranged between the battery cell and the battery cell in the battery module. In the charging and discharging process, the redundant heat generated in the battery core is transmitted to the liquid cooling plate through the top bus bar, so that the heat management effect is achieved. Simultaneously, in case certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, because the existence of the heat insulating board between electric core and the electric core, trouble electric core heat will be with the speed transmission of extremely slow to the module in adjacent electric core, and the vast majority of energy is taken away by top liquid cold drawing. Further, separate by the cavity aluminum hull between module and the module, the heat in the trouble electricity core also can be with this slow transmission to adjacent module, and then takes away by the water-cooling board. And thirdly, the shell of the battery pack is hollow, and a plurality of air holes communicated with the inside of the battery pack are formed in the inner side of the shell. As a post thermal runaway exhaust passage. Certain electric core takes place thermal runaway, and the gas of its emission gets into battery module outside after putting out a fire, cooling through the discharge fume channel in the liquid cooling board, gets into the hollow gas passage of casing through the gas pocket under the effect of pressure, discharges to the external environment by battery package casing afterbody orientation at last. Longer passages may further reduce the gas temperature. Further, the hollow-out structure can compensate the influence of the hollow on the strength of the shell. The thermal management structure of the new energy automobile power battery is simple in structure, can effectively guarantee thermal management during normal charging and discharging of the battery, and can be used for thermal runaway emergency treatment, so that thermal management of a battery pack and thermal runaway fire extinguishing, cooling, spreading prevention and directional exhaust are taken into consideration, and the overall safety is improved.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, changes and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention, and its application to other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile power battery thermal management structure which characterized in that: new energy automobile power battery heat management structure include battery module (5), battery module (5) include a plurality of electric cores (51), electric core (51) top sets up liquid cold plate (3), liquid cold plate (3) intercommunication coolant liquid pipeline (4), set up smoke exhaust channel (35) of putting out a fire on liquid cold plate (3), relief valve intercommunication smoke exhaust channel (35) of putting out a fire on electric core (51), set up insulating heat-conducting piece (54) between electric core (51) and liquid cold plate (3), install in casing (2) battery module (5), set up the cavity in casing (2), casing (2) inner wall sets up a plurality of gas pockets (26) with the cavity intercommunication, the cavity intercommunication sets up exhaust passage (27) on casing (2).
2. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling device is characterized in that a cooling liquid inlet and outlet (22) is formed in the shell (2), a cooling liquid flow passage (32) is formed in the liquid cooling plate (3), the cooling liquid inlet and outlet (22) is communicated with a cooling liquid pipeline (4), and the cooling liquid pipeline (4) is communicated with the cooling liquid flow passage (32).
3. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating heat-conducting piece (54) is a heat-conducting silica gel sheet.
4. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of battery cores (51) of battery module (5) on set up busbar (53), liquid cooling board (3) are located busbar (53) top position, liquid cooling board (3) and busbar (53) are tight with insulating heat-conducting member (54) clamp.
5. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: liquid cold plate (3) on set up a plurality of openings (6), grid structure's fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel (35) run through a plurality of openings (6) and form a plurality of fire extinguishing and smoke exhausting channel (35), every opening (6) set up to the structure that can aim at a relief valve of electric core (51).
6. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: casing (2) top spiral-lock top cap (1), liquid cooling board (3) are located top cap (1) below, casing (2) side sets up explosion-proof valve (23) and power source (21), explosion-proof valve (23) and casing (2) on exhaust passage (27) intercommunication.
7. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the new energy automobile power battery heat management structure comprises a plurality of liquid cooling plates (3), a cooling liquid inlet (33) of each liquid cooling plate (3) is communicated with one cooling liquid inlet pipeline (41), and a cooling liquid outlet (34) of each liquid cooling plate (3) is communicated with one cooling liquid outlet pipeline (42).
8. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: battery module (5) top from the bottom up set gradually support (56), busbar (53), insulating heat-conducting member (54), exhaust passage (7) intercommunication on exhaust gas passageway (35) and the support (56) of putting out a fire, relief valve on exhaust passage (7) intercommunication electric core (51).
9. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the battery module (5) is characterized in that a heat insulation plate (52) is arranged between adjacent electric cores (51), and a cushion pad (58) is arranged at the bottom of the battery module (5).
10. The new energy automobile power battery heat management structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the novel battery is characterized in that fins (24) are arranged on the inner wall of the shell (2), an electric core (51) is arranged between every two adjacent fins (24), and a pipeline fixing groove (28) is further formed in the inner wall of the shell (2).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114976502A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Bus bar of high-voltage storage battery, battery pack and cooling method |
| CN115149202A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-04 | 上海速行科技有限公司 | New energy automobile power battery thermal runaway protection device |
| CN115154957A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-11 | 河南省海天消防科学研究院有限责任公司 | A quick extinguishing device for electric automobile |
| CN115295946A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-04 | 小米汽车科技有限公司 | Battery pack and thermal runaway protection design method |
| CN115663332A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Battery module |
| CN116565440A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery and electric equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114976502A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Bus bar of high-voltage storage battery, battery pack and cooling method |
| CN114976502B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-09-22 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Busbar, battery pack and cooling method of high-voltage storage battery |
| CN115154957A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-11 | 河南省海天消防科学研究院有限责任公司 | A quick extinguishing device for electric automobile |
| CN115149202A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-04 | 上海速行科技有限公司 | New energy automobile power battery thermal runaway protection device |
| CN115295946A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-04 | 小米汽车科技有限公司 | Battery pack and thermal runaway protection design method |
| CN115663332A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Battery module |
| CN116565440A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery and electric equipment |
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