Battery structure for inhibiting thermal runaway spreading of battery pack
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery structure for inhibiting thermal runaway spread of a battery pack.
Background
The development of electric vehicles is rapid, and lithium ion power batteries become the preferred power source of electric vehicles due to the advantages of high energy density, high specific power, long service life, low self-discharge rate, long storage time and the like. However, during the use of the power battery, the battery thermal runaway, even fire or explosion, caused by overcharge, short circuit, mechanical collision, abuse and the like, endangers the life safety of passengers and also has certain influence on the development of the electric automobile.
At present, thermal runaway protection in a battery pack is mainly divided into two aspects, on one hand, fireproof thermal insulation materials are arranged between a battery module and a module and between the module and a box cover through thermal insulation materials, and the method has the disadvantages of complex manufacturing process and high cost; on the other hand, the fire extinguishing device is added to spray fire extinguishing agent or various solutions, but the cost is increased more, and the specific implementation method is difficult. Therefore, on the basis of the original liquid cooling system, the design is simple and effective, and the delay of the thermal runaway time of the battery pack is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a battery structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of a battery pack, so as to solve the problems of rapid diffusion and short escape time of passengers after thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that,
the utility model provides a restrain battery structure that battery package thermal runaway stretchs, includes battery box, battery module and liquid cooling board group, and battery module, liquid cooling board group difference fixed mounting are in the battery box, and the battery module is installed in the top of liquid cooling board group, and liquid cooling board group includes liquid cooling board and heat conduction paster, and the laminating of heat conduction paster is on liquid cooling board, and the heat conduction paster is met heat and is melted, and the heat conduction paster after melting is absorbed by liquid cooling board.
Furthermore, a liquid flow groove is dug in the liquid cooling plate, a sealing patch capable of being melted is attached to the inside of the liquid flow groove, and a heat conduction patch is attached to the sealing patch.
Further, the liquid cooling plate comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the liquid flow groove is formed in the upper cover plate in an excavating mode, a liquid storage cavity is formed in the lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are spliced to form a liquid storage cavity.
Furthermore, a liquid storage tank and a liquid storage exchange tank are formed on the end face of the liquid storage cavity, the liquid storage tanks are uniformly distributed on the end face of the liquid storage cavity, and the liquid storage exchange tanks are formed between the adjacent liquid storage tanks in a staggered mode.
Further, the liquid storage exchange tank comprises an exchange transverse tank and an exchange vertical tank which are perpendicular to each other, and the exchange transverse tank is communicated with the exchange vertical tank.
Further, the liquid storage tank and the exchange vertical tank are arranged in parallel, and the liquid flow tank and the liquid storage tank are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are fixedly connected to the upper cover plate, the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid storage cavity, and the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe respectively extend out of the outer side of the battery box body.
Furthermore, one side of the liquid cooling plate is dug to be provided with a positioning groove, two sides of the liquid cooling plate are fixedly connected with positioning lugs, and the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are fixedly connected to one side of the positioning lugs.
Furthermore, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery pieces, and the battery pieces are fixedly arranged on the heat conduction patches.
Further, the battery box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are mutually spliced, a supporting rib is fixedly connected to the lower box body, and the liquid cooling plate is installed on the supporting rib.
The battery pack has the beneficial effects that when the thermal runaway of the battery does not occur, the battery module is radiated through the liquid cooling plate, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the heat conducting patch is liquefied, the circulating liquid in the liquid cooling plate enters the battery pack and is directly contacted with the battery module to directly perform heat convection with the battery module, the heat emitted by the battery is quickly absorbed and is brought to the outside of the battery pack, more heat can be absorbed, the spreading of the thermal runaway of the battery pack is delayed, and the escape time of passengers is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic developed view of the liquid-cooled panel.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower cover plate.
Reference numerals: the battery box 1, battery module 2, liquid cooling board group 3, liquid cooling board 4, heat conduction paster 5, liquid flow groove 6, sealed paster 7, upper cover plate 8, lower cover plate 9, stock solution appearance chamber 10, reservoir 11, stock solution exchange tank 12, exchange horizontal groove 13, exchange vertical tank 14, drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16, constant head tank 17, location ear 18, battery 19, go up box 20, lower box 21, brace rod 22, stopper 23.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A battery structure for inhibiting the spreading of thermal runaway of a battery pack comprises a battery box body 1, a battery module 2 and a liquid cooling plate group 3, wherein the battery module 2 and the liquid cooling plate group 3 are respectively and fixedly installed in the battery box body 1, the battery module 2 is installed above the liquid cooling plate group 3, the liquid cooling plate group 3 comprises a liquid cooling plate 4 and a heat conducting patch 5, the heat conducting patch 5 is attached to the liquid cooling plate 4, the heat conducting patch 5 is preheated and melted, the melted heat conducting patch 5 is absorbed by the liquid cooling plate 4, when the thermal runaway of a battery does not occur, the battery module 2 is radiated through the liquid cooling plate 4, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the heat conducting patch 5 is liquefied, circulating liquid in the liquid cooling plate enters the battery pack and is directly contacted with the battery module to directly perform heat convection with the battery module, so as to rapidly absorb heat radiated by the battery and be brought to the outside of the battery pack, more heat can be absorbed, and the spreading of the thermal runaway of the battery pack is delayed, the escape time of the passengers is increased.
Dig on the liquid cooling board 4 and be equipped with the liquid flow groove 6, but the laminating has heat-fusible seal paster 7 in the liquid flow groove 6, the laminating of heat conduction paster 5 is on seal paster 7, it is preferred, heat conduction paster 5, seal paster 7 all adopts phase change material, namely, solid-state heat conduction paster 5, seal paster 7 meets high temperature and can take place the liquefaction, when battery module 2's temperature was too high, heat conduction paster 5, seal paster 7 liquefies simultaneously, make the circulation liquid in the liquid cooling board 4 get into in the battery package, directly carry out heat convection with the battery module, increase passenger's time of fleing, it is preferred, seal paster 7 adopts below 60 ℃ to be solid-state phase change material, heat conduction paster 5 adopts below 80 ℃ to be solid-state phase change material.
Liquid cooling plate 4 includes upper cover plate 8 and lower cover plate 9, and liquid groove 6 digs and establishes on upper cover plate 8, and it holds the chamber 10 to take shape to have the stock solution on the lower cover plate 9, and upper cover plate 8 forms the stock solution chamber with cover plate 9 amalgamation down after, and the stock solution chamber is used for storing the circulation liquid, is convenient for cool off battery module 2 through the circulation liquid.
The end face of the liquid storage cavity 10 is provided with a liquid storage tank 11 and a liquid storage exchange tank 12 in a forming mode, the liquid storage tank 11 is evenly distributed on the end face of the liquid storage cavity 10, the liquid storage exchange tank 12 is formed between the adjacent liquid storage tanks 11 in a staggered mode, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is convenient to increase through the arrangement of the liquid storage tanks 11 and the liquid storage exchange tank 12, and therefore the cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 4 for the battery module 2 is improved.
Stock solution exchange tank 12 includes mutually perpendicular's exchange horizontal slot 13 and exchange vertical slot 14, and exchange horizontal slot 13 communicates each other with exchange vertical slot 14, and through the setting of the exchange horizontal slot 13 of intercommunication, exchange vertical slot 14, the circulating liquid that can be convenient for the stock solution holds the intracavity 10 carries out the heat exchange, prevents that the circulating liquid from taking place the phenomenon of local high temperature.
The liquid storage tank 11 and the exchange vertical tank 13 are arranged in parallel, and the liquid flow tank 6 and the liquid storage tank 11 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the phenomenon that the circulating liquid is locally high in temperature is avoided.
Fixedly connected with drain pipe 15 and feed liquor pipe 16 on the upper cover plate 8, drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16 communicate with the stock solution chamber respectively, and the battery box 1 outside is stretched out respectively to drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16, circulates through drain pipe 15, feed liquor pipe 16 to the circulation liquid in liquid cooling plate 4 to improve the cooling effect of liquid cooling plate 4.
One side of liquid cooling plate 4 is dug and is equipped with constant head tank 17, and the both sides fixedly connected with location ear 18 of liquid cooling plate 4 through the setting of constant head tank 17, location ear 18, is convenient for carry out fixed mounting to liquid cooling plate 4, and drain pipe 15, 16 fixed connection of feed liquor are in location ear 18 one side.
Battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery spare 19, and battery spare 19 fixed mounting is on heat conduction paster 5, promptly, and the laminating has a heat conduction paster 5 on the lower terminal surface of every battery spare 19, the installation of the heat conduction paster 5 of being convenient for.
Battery box 1 includes last box 20 and lower box 21 of mutual amalgamation, fixedly connected with brace rod 22 on the lower box 21, and liquid cooling plate 4 is installed on brace rod 22, through the setting of brace rod 22, prevents that liquid cooling plate 4 is direct and the laminating of 1 inner wall of battery box, and then improves liquid cooling plate 4 from the radiating effect.
In some preferred modes, a limiting block 23 is fixedly connected in the upper box body 20, and the condensation plate 4 is conveniently and fixedly mounted through the limiting block 23.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Although the terms corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded; these terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.