CN113204127A - Assembling and adjusting method of off-axis parabolic mirror group - Google Patents
Assembling and adjusting method of off-axis parabolic mirror group Download PDFInfo
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- CN113204127A CN113204127A CN202110541122.1A CN202110541122A CN113204127A CN 113204127 A CN113204127 A CN 113204127A CN 202110541122 A CN202110541122 A CN 202110541122A CN 113204127 A CN113204127 A CN 113204127A
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- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
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Abstract
The invention relates to an assembling and adjusting method of an off-axis paraboloid mirror group, and belongs to the technical field of assembling and adjusting methods. The problem of the assembly and adjustment method in the prior art generally aim at the assembly and adjustment of a single off-axis parabolic mirror is solved. According to the adjusting method, a plane reflector is added on the back of an off-axis parabolic mirror to serve as a back mirror, the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the off-axis parabolic mirror are monitored by aligning the back mirror with a Leica theodolite, a precision measurement prism serves as a horizontal reference of a box body and each off-axis parabolic mirror, a beam of parallel incident light is emitted by an interferometer, on one hand, the brightest and clearest image of an optical camera is found by adjusting the thickness and the position of a gasket of the off-axis parabolic mirror, the off-axis parabolic mirror is fixed, and on the other hand, the adjusting of the off-axis parabolic mirror is completed by observing a self-collimation interference image. The adjusting method has high adjusting precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of assembly and adjustment methods, and particularly relates to an assembly and adjustment method of an off-axis parabolic mirror group.
Background
The off-axis parabolic mirror can generate high-quality parallel beams without central blocking by using a simple surface shape, can effectively improve the imaging quality of the optical system and simplify the optical system, and can meet the requirement of high-precision miniaturization of the system by using the off-axis parabolic mirror group consisting of a plurality of off-axis parabolic mirrors. Because the off-axis parabolic mirror is not a rotationally symmetric curved surface, compared with the off-axis parabolic mirror which is installed and adjusted by a common spherical mirror, the self rotation vector also needs to be considered. And aiming at the assembly and adjustment of the multi-off-axis parabolic mirror group, the high requirement is further provided for the construction of an integral optical system. The adjustment result can also directly affect the imaging effect and the testing precision of the whole optical system.
In the prior art, an assembly and adjustment method generally aims at the assembly and adjustment of a single off-axis parabolic mirror, the off-axis parabolic mirror is placed on a horizontally placed plane mirror, a symmetry axis of the parabolic mirror is determined by a gravity method, a laser is used as a light source to uniformly irradiate the center position of the off-axis parabolic mirror, the front position and the rear position of an imaging mirror are adjusted, so that a CCD (charge coupled device) can receive a clear image, and the position state of the off-axis parabolic mirror is adjusted by observing the shape and the size of a focus image of a planar array CCD. However, the method for determining the symmetry axis of the off-axis parabolic mirror by using the gravity method is difficult to achieve high-precision standard adjustment, and the system error of the experiment cannot be eliminated even if the measurement is carried out for multiple times. In the prior art, no relevant report on the adjustment of the off-axis parabolic mirror by using the method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an adjusting method for an off-axis parabolic mirror set to solve the above technical problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows.
The invention provides an assembly and adjustment method of an off-axis parabolic mirror group, wherein the off-axis parabolic mirror group consists of N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, and each group of off-axis parabolic mirror groups consists of two off-axis parabolic mirrors;
when N is equal to 1, the debugging method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a back mirror on the back of each off-axis parabolic mirror, wherein the back mirror is a plane mirror;
calculating the theoretical position of each off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body according to the off-axis amount and the focal length of the off-axis parabolic mirror, designing the size of the box body according to the theoretical positions of the N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, forming a hole in the position, corresponding to each off-axis parabolic mirror, on the box body, wherein the size of each hole is larger than that of the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror, and the box body is blackened;
setting two reference surfaces on the box body, monitoring the angle of the precision measurement prism by using the matching of the standard block, the first Leika theodolite and the second Leika theodolite, and fixing the precision measurement prism on the outer surface of the box body so that the precision measurement prism is coaxial with the Y axis of the box body;
fourthly, placing the box body and the interferometer on an operation platform;
aligning a first Leika theodolite and a second Leika theodolite to a precision measurement prism on the box body in the Y direction and the X direction respectively, and finishing the leveling of the box body by monitoring the pitch angles of the precision measurement prism in the Y direction and the X direction;
opening the interferometer to enable incident light of the interferometer to cover the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror, moving the second Leica theodolite to enable the second Leica theodolite to be aligned to the emergent light position of the interferometer, and enabling the interferometer to be coaxial with the X direction by monitoring the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the interferometer;
placing the first off-axis parabolic mirror in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position, corresponding to the opening, of the first off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body through a first gasket, aligning the second Leaka theodolite with the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror, monitoring the pitch angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror, zeroing the azimuth angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror, aligning the first Leaka theodolite with the precision measurement prism, and zeroing the azimuth angle of the first Leaka theodolite; mutually aiming the first Leica theodolite and the second Leica theodolite to obtain a rotation angle, calculating the azimuth angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror relative to the precision measurement prism at the moment, and controlling the pitch angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
adding a first slit at the theoretical position of the confocal point of the first off-axis parabolic mirror, placing an optical camera behind the first slit, aiming the optical camera at the first slit to form a clear image, fixing the first slit and the optical camera, and adjusting the thickness of the first gasket and the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror to enable all light to pass through the first slit and obtain the smallest and brightest light spot at the first slit;
step seven, repeating the step five and the step six until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the first off-axis parabolic mirror, and removing the optical camera;
placing the second off-axis parabolic mirror in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position of the opening corresponding to the second off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body through a second gasket, placing a plane mirror in the direction which is opposite to the second off-axis parabolic mirror and parallel to the Y axis, monitoring the angle of the plane mirror by using a second Leica theodolite, and fixing the plane mirror after the plane mirror is coaxial with the Y axis; a part of light beams emitted by the interferometer are reflected to the interferometer by a back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror, the other part of light beams are reflected to the second off-axis parabolic mirror by the first off-axis parabolic mirror and then enter the plane mirror and then return, at the moment, the auto-collimation interference image of the interferometer generates three points which are respectively an auto-collimation point of the interferometer, an image point of the back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror and an image point of the light beams reflected to the interferometer by the first off-axis parabolic mirror, the second off-axis parabolic mirror and the plane mirror, the three points are coincided by changing the thickness of the second gasket and the position of the second off-axis parabolic mirror, interference fringes are generated as little as possible, the second off-axis parabolic mirror is fixed, the plane mirror is removed, and the multi-off-axis parabolic mirror set assembly is completed;
when N >1, the debugging method further comprises the following steps:
placing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position, corresponding to the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, of the opening on the box body through the 1+ Q gasket, aligning the second Leaka theodolite to the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, monitoring the pitch angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, setting the azimuth angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror to zero, aligning the first Leaka theodolite to the precision measurement prism, and setting the azimuth angle of the first Leaka theodolite to zero; mutually aiming the first Leica theodolite and the second Leica theodolite to obtain a rotation angle, calculating the azimuth angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror relative to the precision measurement prism at the moment, and controlling the pitch angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
tenth, adding a 1+ P slit at the theoretical position of the confocal point of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, placing an optical camera behind the 1+ P slit to enable the optical camera to aim at the 1+ P slit to form a clear image, fixing the 1+ P slit and the optical camera, and enabling light to completely pass through the 1+ P slit and obtain the minimum and brightest light spot at the 1+ P slit by adjusting the thickness of a 1+ Q gasket and the position of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror;
eleventh, repeating the ninth step and the tenth step until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, and removing the optical camera;
step twelve, placing the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position of the opening corresponding to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body through a 2+ Q gasket, placing a plane mirror in the direction opposite to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror and parallel to the Y axis, monitoring the angle of the plane mirror by using a second Leica theodolite, and fixing the plane mirror after the plane mirror is coaxial with the Y axis; by adjusting the thickness of the 2+ Q spacer and the position of the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, enabling the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror to return to the auto-collimation image point of the interferometer to coincide with the auto-collimation point of the interferometer and generate interference fringes as few as possible, wherein the angle meets the precision requirement, fixing the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror, and removing the plane reflector;
thirteen, repeating the ninth step to the twelfth step until the installation and the adjustment are finished;
the P is an integer and is taken from 1, and the value of P is increased by 1 when the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated; q is an integer, the value is taken from 2, and the Q value is increased by 2 every time the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated.
Further, in the second step, the allowance between the hole and the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror is 0.08-0.12 of the size of the off-axis parabolic mirror.
Further, in the third step, the precision measurement prism and the Y axis of the box body are coaxial within 10 ″.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the box body is placed on the standard test bed through the three adjustable tripods, and the three adjustable tripods are adjusted to ensure the box body to be horizontal by monitoring the angle of the precise measurement prism.
Further, the interferometer is a Zygo interferometer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the off-axis parabolic mirror set assembling and adjusting method can realize the assembling and adjusting of the off-axis parabolic mirror set, the symmetry axis of the off-axis parabolic mirror set is determined by the Leica theodolite, the accuracy of determining the symmetry axis through scribing is greatly improved, and the accuracy is improved from grading to second-level accuracy.
2. The assembly and adjustment method of the off-axis parabolic mirror group realizes auto-collimation by matching with an interferometer, wave aberration returned by the off-axis parabolic mirror is observed, the number of stripes is controlled to be limited within five by adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror, and the assembly and adjustment precision is greatly improved.
3. The method for assembling and adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror group can be widely applied to assembling and adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror in each instrument. If the method is applied to an FY-3(06 star) ozone profile detector, the indexes such as spectral resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and the like of the detector are tested through spectral calibration and radiance calibration, and the method is remarkably improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the dual off-axis parabolic mirror of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the four off-axis parabolic mirror of the present invention;
1. the interferometer comprises a first off-axis parabolic mirror, a second off-axis parabolic mirror, a third off-axis parabolic mirror, a fourth off-axis parabolic mirror, a fifth off-axis parabolic mirror, a sixth off-axis parabolic mirror, a fourth off-axis parabolic mirror, a sixth off-axis parabolic mirror, a fifth off-axis parabolic mirror, a sixth off-axis prism, a fifth off-axis parabolic mirror, a sixth off-axis prism, a sixth off-axis parabolic mirror, a sixth off-axis, a 7, a sixth off-axis, a 7, a third-axis, a sixth off-axis, a sixth, a 7, a sixth, a.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the detailed description, but it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and not to limit the claims to the invention.
The invention relates to an assembly and adjustment method of an off-axis parabolic mirror group, wherein the off-axis parabolic mirror group consists of N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, and each group of off-axis parabolic mirror groups consists of two off-axis parabolic mirrors;
as shown in fig. 1, when N is 1, the tuning method includes the following steps:
step one, arranging a back mirror on the back of each off-axis parabolic mirror, wherein the back mirror is a plane mirror;
calculating the theoretical position of each off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body 10 according to the off-axis amount and the focal length of the off-axis parabolic mirror, designing the size of the box body 10 according to the theoretical positions of the N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, forming a hole in the box body 10 corresponding to the position of each off-axis parabolic mirror, wherein the size of each hole is larger than that of the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror, the allowance between each hole and the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror is 0.08-0.12 of the size of the off-axis parabolic mirror, and the box body 10 is blackened;
setting two reference surfaces on the box body 10, monitoring the angle of the precision measurement prism 4 by using a standard block, a first Lealca theodolite 8 and a second Lealca theodolite 9 in a matching manner, fixing the precision measurement prism 4 on the outer surface of the box body 10, enabling the precision measurement prism 4 to be coaxial with the Y axis of the box body 10, and preferably enabling the precision to be within 10 ″;
step four, placing the box body 10 and the interferometer 3 on an operation platform;
aligning the first Leica theodolite 8 and the second Leica theodolite 9 to the precise measurement prism 4 on the box body 10 in the Y direction and the X direction respectively, and finishing the leveling of the box body 10 by monitoring the pitch angles of the precise measurement prism 4 in the Y direction and the X direction;
opening the interferometer 3 to enable incident light of the interferometer 3 to cover the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 (at the moment, the off-axis parabolic mirror 1 is not installed), moving the second lycra theodolite 9 to enable the second lycra theodolite 9 to be aligned to the emergent light position of the interferometer 3, and enabling the interferometer 3 to be coaxial with the X direction by monitoring the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the interferometer 3;
placing the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 in a mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at a hole position corresponding to the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 on the box body 10 through a first gasket, aligning a second Leaka theodolite 9 with a back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1, monitoring a pitch angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1, setting an azimuth angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 to zero, aligning a first Leaka theodolite 8 with a precision prism 4, and setting an azimuth angle of the first Leaka theodolite 8 to zero; the first Leica theodolite 8 and the second Leica theodolite 9 are mutually aimed to obtain a rotation angle, the azimuth angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 relative to the precision measurement prism 4 at the moment is calculated, and the pitching angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 is controlled to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle is controlled to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
adding a first slit 5 at a theoretical position (namely a focus position) of a common focus of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1, placing an optical camera 6 behind the first slit 5, aiming the optical camera 6 at the first slit 5 to form a clear image, fixing the first slit 5 and the optical camera 6, and adjusting the thickness of a first gasket and the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 to enable light to completely pass through the first slit 5 and obtain the minimum brightest light spot at the first slit 5;
step seven, repeating the step five and the step six until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1, and removing the optical camera 6;
placing the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position of an opening corresponding to the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 on the box body 10 through a second gasket, placing a plane mirror 7 in the direction opposite to the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 and parallel to the Y axis, monitoring the angle of the plane mirror 7 by using a second Leica theodolite 9, and fixing the plane mirror 7 after the plane mirror 7 is coaxial with the Y axis; a part of light beams emitted by the interferometer 3 are reflected by a back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 to return to the interferometer 3, another part of light beams are reflected by the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1 to the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 to enter a plane mirror 7 and then return, at the moment, a self-collimation interference image of the interferometer 3 generates three points which are respectively a self-collimation point of the interferometer 3, an image point of the back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 to return to the interferometer 3 and an image point of the light beams to return to the interferometer 3 after passing through the first off-axis parabolic mirror 1, the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 and the plane mirror 7, the three points are coincided by changing the thickness of the second gasket and the position of the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2, interference fringes are generated as few as possible, the second off-axis parabolic mirror 2 is fixed (firstly, the coincidence of the three points is observed by eyes (the step is rough adjustment), and then an interference pattern is observed, controlling the interference fringes within five fringes (fine adjustment), and removing the plane reflector 7 to complete the assembly of the multi-off-axis parabolic mirror group;
as shown in fig. 2, when N >1, the tuning method further includes the following steps:
step nine, placing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11 in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position, corresponding to the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11, of the box body 10 through a 1+ Q gasket, aligning the second Leaka theodolite 9 with the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11, monitoring the pitch angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11, setting the azimuth angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11 to zero, aligning the first Leaka theodolite 8 with the precision measurement prism 4, and setting the azimuth angle of the first Leaka theodolite 8 to zero; the first Leica theodolite 8 and the second Leica theodolite 9 are mutually aimed to obtain a rotation angle, the azimuth angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11 relative to the precise measurement prism 4 at the moment is calculated, and the pitching angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11 is controlled to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle is controlled to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
tenth, adding a 1+ P slit 13 at a theoretical position of a confocal point of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11, placing an optical camera 6 behind the 1+ P slit 13 to enable the optical camera 6 to aim at the 1+ P slit 13 to form a clear image, fixing the 1+ P slit 13 and the optical camera 6, and enabling all light to pass through the 1+ P slit 13 and obtain the minimum brightest light spot at the 1+ P slit 13 by adjusting the thickness of a 1+ Q gasket and the position of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11;
eleventh, repeating the ninth step and the tenth step until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 11, and removing the optical camera 6;
step twelve, placing the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12 in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position of an opening corresponding to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12 on the box body 10 through a 2+ Q gasket, placing the plane mirror 7 in the direction opposite to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12 and parallel to the Y axis, monitoring the angle of the plane mirror 7 by using a second Leica theodolite 9, and fixing the plane mirror 7 after the plane mirror 7 is coaxial with the Y axis; by adjusting the thickness of the 2+ Q spacer and the position of the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12, the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12 returns to the auto-collimation image point of the interferometer 3 to coincide with the auto-collimation point of the interferometer 3 and generate interference fringes as few as possible, the angle meets the precision requirement, the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 12 is fixed (firstly, the two points are preliminarily observed to coincide by eyes (the step is coarse adjustment), because the emergent light coverage area of the interferometer 3 is limited, the back mirror of the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror 2 cannot receive light, namely, the auto-collimation image only displays two points, the same interference pattern is observed after the same, the interference fringes are preferably controlled in five fringes (the step is fine adjustment)), and the plane reflector 7 is removed;
thirteen, repeating the ninth step to the twelfth step until the installation and the adjustment are finished;
the P is an integer and is taken from 1, and the value of P is increased by 1 when the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated; q is an integer, the value is taken from 2, and the Q value is increased by 2 every time the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated.
In the above technical solution, the interferometer 3 is preferably a Zygo interferometer. The interferometer 3 is used for emitting collimated plane waves, and a self-collimating interference pattern is obtained through light path deflection, so that high-precision adjustment is realized.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, box 10 can place on standard test bench through three adjustable ancient cooking utensils to through 4 angles of monitoring essence survey prism, adjust three adjustable ancient cooking utensils and make box 10 guarantee the level.
In the technical scheme, the precision measurement prism 4 is used for adjusting the reference, and the azimuth angle of each surface is determined through the precision measurement prism 4; the slits (the first slit 5 and the 1+ P slit 13) are used for limiting light spots, determining the position of a focus and improving the spectral resolution, and the slits are arranged at a theoretical focal plane and are coplanar with the light spots so as to determine the position of the off-axis parabolic mirror; the plane reflector 7 plays a role in deflecting the light path; the first lycra theodolite 8 and the second lycra theodolite 9 are used for measuring the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of each device.
In the technical scheme, the standard block is a cushion block with high precision and inherent size in the prior art; the mirror mount is machined to the dimensions of the off-axis parabolic mirror so that it can be secured to the housing 10.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. The assembly and adjustment method of the off-axis parabolic mirror group is characterized in that the off-axis parabolic mirror group consists of N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, and each group of off-axis parabolic mirror groups consists of two off-axis parabolic mirrors;
when N is equal to 1, the debugging method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a back mirror on the back of each off-axis parabolic mirror, wherein the back mirror is a plane mirror;
calculating the theoretical position of each off-axis parabolic mirror on the box body (10) according to the off-axis amount and the focal length of the off-axis parabolic mirror, designing the size of the box body (10) according to the theoretical positions of the N groups of off-axis parabolic mirror groups, forming a hole in the box body (10) corresponding to the position of each off-axis parabolic mirror, wherein the size of each hole is larger than that of the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror, and blackening the box body (10);
setting two reference surfaces on the box body (10), monitoring the angle of the precision measurement prism (4) by using a standard block, a first Leika theodolite (8) and a second Leika theodolite (9) in a matching manner, fixing the precision measurement prism (4) on the outer surface of the box body (10), and enabling the precision measurement prism (4) to be coaxial with the Y axis of the box body (10);
fourthly, placing the box body (10) and the interferometer (3) on an operation platform;
aligning a first Leica theodolite (8) and a second Leica theodolite (9) to a precision measurement prism (4) on a box body (10) in the Y direction and the X direction respectively, and finishing the leveling of the box body (10) by monitoring the pitch angles of the precision measurement prism (4) in the Y direction and the X direction;
opening the interferometer (3) to enable incident light of the interferometer (3) to cover the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), moving the second lycra theodolite (9) to enable the second lycra theodolite (9) to be aligned to the emergent light position of the interferometer (3), and enabling the interferometer (3) to be coaxial with the X direction by monitoring the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the interferometer (3);
placing the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) in a mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at a hole position corresponding to the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) on a box body (10) through a first gasket, aligning a second Leaka theodolite (9) to a back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), monitoring a pitch angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), setting an azimuth angle of the back mirror of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) to zero, aligning a first Leaka theodolite (8) to a precision measurement prism (4), and setting an azimuth angle of the first Leaka theodolite (8) to zero; the first Leica theodolite (8) and the second Leica theodolite (9) are mutually aimed to obtain a rotation angle, the azimuth angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) relative to the precision measurement prism (4) at the moment is calculated, and the pitch angle of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) is controlled to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle is controlled to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
adding a first slit (5) at the theoretical position of the confocal point of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), placing an optical camera (6) behind the first slit (5), aiming the optical camera (6) at the first slit (5) to form a clear image, fixing the first slit (5) and the optical camera (6), and adjusting the thickness of a first gasket and the position of the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) to enable all light to pass through the first slit (5) and obtain the smallest and brightest light spot at the first slit (5);
step seven, repeating the step five and the step six until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), and removing the optical camera (6);
placing the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) in the mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at the position of an opening corresponding to the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) on the box body (10) through a second gasket, placing a plane mirror (7) in the direction opposite to the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) and parallel to the Y axis, monitoring the angle of the plane mirror (7) by using a second Leica theodolite (9), and fixing the plane mirror (7) after the plane mirror (7) is coaxial with the Y axis; one part of light beams emitted by the interferometer (3) is reflected to the interferometer (3) by a back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2), the other part of light beams is reflected to the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) by the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1) and then enters the plane reflector (7) and then returns, at the moment, the auto-collimation interference image of the interferometer (3) generates three points which are respectively an auto-collimation point of the interferometer (3), an image point of the back mirror of the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) which is reflected to the interferometer (3) and an image point of the light beams which is reflected to the interferometer (3) by the first off-axis parabolic mirror (1), the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) and the plane reflector (7), the three points are overlapped by changing the thickness of the second gasket and the position of the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2), interference fringes are generated as few as possible, and the second off-axis parabolic mirror (2) is fixed, removing the plane reflector (7) to complete the assembly of the multi-off-axis parabolic mirror group;
when N >1, the debugging method further comprises the following steps:
step nine, placing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11) in a mirror bracket, fixing the mirror bracket at a hole position corresponding to the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11) on a box body (10) through a 1+ Q gasket, aligning a second Leica theodolite (9) to a back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11), monitoring a pitch angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11), setting an azimuth angle of the back mirror of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11) to zero, aligning a first Leica theodolite (8) to a precision measurement prism (4), and setting an azimuth angle of the first Leica theodolite (8) to zero; the first Leica theodolite (8) and the second Leica theodolite (9) are mutually aimed to obtain a rotation angle, the azimuth angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11) relative to the precision measurement prism (4) at the moment is calculated, and the pitching angle of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11) is controlled to be 90 degrees +/-10 degrees and the azimuth angle is controlled to be 0 degrees +/-10 degrees by changing the inclination angle of the mirror bracket;
tenth, adding a 1+ P slit (13) at a theoretical position of a common focus of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11), placing an optical camera (6) behind the 1+ P slit (13), enabling the optical camera (6) to aim at the 1+ P slit (13) to form a clear image, fixing the 1+ P slit (13) and the optical camera (6), and enabling all light to pass through the 1+ P slit (13) and obtaining the smallest and brightest light spot at the 1+ P slit (13) by adjusting the thickness of a 1+ Q gasket and the position of the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11);
eleventh, repeating the ninth step and the tenth step until the angle and the imaging requirements are met, fixing the 1+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (11), and removing the optical camera (6);
step twelve, a 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) is placed in a mirror bracket, the mirror bracket is fixed at the position of an opening corresponding to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) on a box body (10) through a 2+ Q gasket, a plane mirror (7) is placed in the direction which is opposite to the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) and parallel to the Y axis, the angle of the plane mirror (7) is monitored by using a second Leaka theodolite (9), and the plane mirror (7) is fixed after the plane mirror (7) is coaxial with the Y axis; the thickness of a 2+ Q gasket and the position of a 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) are adjusted, so that the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) returns to the auto-collimation image point of the interferometer (3) to coincide with the auto-collimation point of the interferometer (3) and generate interference fringes as few as possible, the angle meets the precision requirement, the 2+ Q off-axis parabolic mirror (12) is fixed, and the plane reflector (7) is removed;
thirteen, repeating the ninth step to the twelfth step until the installation and the adjustment are finished;
the P is an integer and is taken from 1, and the value of P is increased by 1 when the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated; q is an integer, the value is taken from 2, and the Q value is increased by 2 every time the nine steps to the twelve steps are repeated.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step two, the remaining distance between the aperture and the corresponding off-axis parabolic mirror is 0.08-0.12 of the size of the off-axis parabolic mirror.
3. The method for assembling and adjusting an off-axis parabolic mirror set according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the precision measurement prism (4) is within 10 "of the precision measurement prism coaxial with the Y axis of the box body (10).
4. An assembly and adjustment method of an off-axis parabolic mirror set according to claim 1, characterized in that in step four, the box (10) is placed on a standard test bench by three adjustable legs, and the box (10) is kept horizontal by monitoring the angle of the fine measuring prism (4) and adjusting the three adjustable legs.
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