CN113202259B - Anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method and structure thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method and structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202259B CN113202259B CN202110504721.6A CN202110504721A CN113202259B CN 113202259 B CN113202259 B CN 113202259B CN 202110504721 A CN202110504721 A CN 202110504721A CN 113202259 B CN113202259 B CN 113202259B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
- E04C5/04—Mats
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
- E04C5/165—Coaxial connection by means of sleeves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
- E04F15/14—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
- E04F15/14—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
- E04F15/142—Dividing strips or boundary strips
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method and a structure thereof.A mode of performing bin-divided pouring by adopting an assembled pouring unit can save the steps of marking in advance, erecting and disassembling a pouring template and subsequently installing a reinforcing mesh in the existing bin-jumping method pouring, can save the construction process of site construction to a greater extent, can manufacture the pouring unit in a factory in advance, can be transported to an installation place for direct splicing, and greatly reduces the construction difficulty; the assembled or assembled unit type pouring unit can be just suitable for the construction steps of a cabin jump method, can eliminate the influence of early-stage temperature shrinkage stress on the pouring of the terrace, and can play a certain anti-cracking effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of basement terrace construction, and particularly relates to an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method and structure.
Background
The construction joints of the traditional large-area concrete terrace are easy to be damaged in the construction process, so that the later maintenance workload and cost of the ground are improved, and the problems of hollowing, cracks, unevenness and the like are easily caused by the layering pouring of the terrace and the erecting quality of the template; especially to basement large tracts of land terrace, easily lead to the surface course ponding because of basement bottom plate infiltration. Therefore, the improvement of the construction quality of the basement large-area terrace is a technical problem to be solved urgently. In recent years, in order to solve the problem of basement leakage or moisture, more and more projects adopt an overhead terrace, the surface layer of the overhead terrace is in an overhead state, the thickness of the overhead terrace is generally thin, and cracking is easy to generate after construction is completed; the construction method of the basement large-area terrace (CN112031374A) is provided in the prior art, the method of pouring through jumping the storehouse can effectively avoid the generation of terrace cracks, but in the actual construction process, an ink line is required to be firstly used for popping out a bin dividing area, then a pouring template is installed, the pouring template is required to be taken down after pouring is carried out for a period of time, and other areas which are not poured are poured; the construction method in the prior art needs longer construction time and has higher construction difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method and an anti-cracking overhead terrace structure, which can shorten the terrace construction time to a great extent and reduce the construction difficulty.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: laying a hydrophobic plate on the structural water-resistant layer, wherein a circular boss of the hydrophobic plate faces downwards when the hydrophobic plate is laid;
s2: mounting a plurality of manufactured pouring units above the hydrophobic plate, wherein the mounting areas of the pouring units are required to cover the top surface of the waterproof layer of the whole structure;
in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
placing a pouring unit on a hydrophobic plate, sleeving a connecting sleeve at the end part of a reinforcing steel bar extending out of the periphery of the pouring unit, embedding the connecting sleeve into a surrounding plate of the pouring unit, wherein the embedding length can be half of the length of the connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with the reinforcing steel bar; placing the other adjacent pouring unit on the hydrophobic plate, aligning the reinforcing steel bars of the pouring unit with the connecting sleeve, inserting the reinforcing steel bars into the connecting sleeve, realizing the connection of the reinforcing steel bars of the adjacent pouring units by rotating the connecting sleeve, respectively embedding two ends of the connecting sleeve into the connecting sleeve mounting cavities of the adjacent enclosing plates after screwing, and arranging a limiting baffle in each connecting sleeve mounting cavity to prevent the connecting sleeve from entering the inner sides of the enclosing plates, wherein the distance between the two adjacent enclosing plates is smaller and can be regarded as being closed or contacted; the two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, one end of each of the first spring and the second spring is fixed to the side face of the connecting sleeve, the other end of each of the first spring and the second spring is in contact with a limiting baffle in the mounting cavity of the connecting sleeve, the first spring and the second spring are in a compression state all the time, and the first spring and the second spring have a thrust effect towards the direction of the interior of the pouring unit on the limiting baffle.
S3: grouting the spaced pouring units according to a cabin jumping method for the pouring units, and pouring the rest pouring units after 7 to 10 days of separation until the pouring units are all poured to form a surface layer.
It should be noted that: setting a pouring unit needing to be poured for the first time as a first pouring unit, regarding a coaming plate of the first pouring unit as a first coaming plate, setting a pouring unit needing to be poured for the second time as a second pouring unit, and regarding the coaming plate of the second pouring unit as a second coaming plate; specifically, before grouting, the second enclosing plate is fixed, then grouting is performed on the first pouring unit, and as the second enclosing plate is fixed and the first enclosing plate is a movable plate, poured cement has a tensile stress effect on the first enclosing plate when stretching and contracting, and is also subjected to the common thrust effect of the first spring and the second spring in the connecting sleeve, the first enclosing plate can move along with the volume contraction when concrete is condensed; after the first pouring unit is poured, waiting for 7-10 days, then releasing the fixation of the second enclosing plate, pouring the second pouring unit, wherein the enclosing plate of the first pouring unit is fixed by the concrete poured for the first time, so that the first enclosing plate does not need to be additionally fixed, and after the second pouring unit is poured, the second enclosing plate moves under the action of the tensile stress of the concrete and the thrust of the second spring, and finally the whole surface layer is poured.
In the construction method of basement terrace in the prior art, a jumping method is mostly adopted, a terrace jumping layout is required to be drawn on the terrace in the process of construction according to the jumping method, the thickness of the terrace surface layer is determined, and then a grouting template is erected, wherein the grouting template is required to be erected by installing the drawn terrace jumping layout; even if a plurality of operating personnel operate synchronously, preparation work before pouring also needs to consume a large amount of time, and the construction cycle and at least 7 to 10 days of extension are pour to self adoption skip storehouse method, and the construction preparation time before pouring in addition, the construction cycle of this basement terrace is prolonged greatly. Therefore, through research, the applicant provides an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method, which can shorten the preparation time before pouring and reduce the construction difficulty, and the specific implementation form is as follows:
in the prior art, the modes of on-site measurement, on-site marking construction and grouting template erection are generally adopted, and in the scheme, in the actual construction process, workers firstly measure the basement foundation to be constructed or directly acquire the relevant data of the basement foundation; after the area of the foundation is measured and the shape of the foundation is drawn, dividing the foundation into a plurality of pouring unit placing intervals, and manufacturing pouring units which can be placed in the intervals; after the pouring unit is placed, the pouring unit can be regarded as the existing bin dividing area where the grouting template is supported, so that grouting can be directly performed in the pouring unit according to a bin jumping method; and (3) waiting for 7-10 days after the first grouting is finished, and grouting the rest pouring units after the early temperature shrinkage stress is released to finish the pouring of the basement floor surface layer. Therefore, by adopting the modularized pouring unit for pouring, the construction procedures of measuring and marking at the early stage, in-situ support of a grouting template, disassembly after pouring and the like can be omitted, and the construction time of the basement floor is saved to a greater extent; moreover, as will be known by those skilled in the art, the pouring in the prior art by the skip method is to prevent the problem of floor cracking caused by the expansion and contraction of the poured concrete; the fabricated or assembled unit type pouring unit adopted by the scheme can be just suitable for the construction steps of the cabin-jumping method, the influence of early-stage temperature shrinkage stress on the pouring of the terrace can be eliminated, a certain anti-cracking effect can be achieved, and the scheme of designing the fabricated pouring unit on the premise of adopting the cabin-jumping method is not provided in the prior art, so that the scheme is unobvious. In addition, in the research process, if the cabin jumping method is adopted to manufacture the terrace, a pouring template needs to be erected during construction, the pouring template needs to be dismantled after pouring for a period of time, a construction gap or a cabin dividing gap is formed between the cabins, the compression resistance of the corners of the cabin dividing positions is weak, and the problem of concrete crushing at the cabin dividing positions of the terrace is easy to occur, while in the scheme, a pouring unit is adopted and does not need to be dismantled, the circumferential vertical coaming of the pouring unit can also play a role in strengthening the compression resistance near the cabin dividing gaps, and the compression resistance of the vertical coaming of the undetached pouring unit is found to be several times of the position of the existing cabin dividing gaps in the experimental process, so that the vertical coaming in the scheme not only plays a role of a mold, but also can strengthen the compression resistance of the cabin dividing positions among the pouring units, and can effectively avoid the problem that the cabin dividing gaps are easy to crush, the unexpected effect is achieved.
Further, the manufacturing method of the pouring unit comprises the following steps:
s2-1: adopting a plurality of reinforcing steel bars, placing the reinforcing steel bars vertically and horizontally and uniformly at intervals, wherein the lengths of the transverse reinforcing steel bars are equal, and the lengths of the longitudinal reinforcing steel bars are equal; binding the overlapped part of the transverse steel bar and the longitudinal steel bar to form a reticular steel bar mesh;
s2-2: manufacturing a transverse side plate and a longitudinal side plate with C-shaped sections, and respectively arranging steel bar jacks in the middle parts of vertical plates of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate; arranging inclined steel bars for supporting on the top horizontal plate, and mutually connecting and reinforcing the bottom ends of the inclined steel bars by using the steel bars;
s2-3: the transverse side plates are provided with steel bar jacks with the same number as the transverse steel bars, are respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the steel bar net piece in the transverse direction and are connected with the steel bar jacks through the transverse steel bars; the longitudinal side plates are provided with steel bar jacks with the same number as the longitudinal steel bars, are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the longitudinal direction of the steel bar net piece, and are connected with the steel bar jacks through the longitudinal steel bars; the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate are spliced, and both the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can move along the transverse steel bar or the longitudinal steel bar under the action of external force.
When the pouring units are installed, the reinforcing steel bars of the reinforcing steel mesh sheets arranged in the pouring units extend to the outer portions of the side faces of the pouring units, the reinforcing steel bars between two adjacent pouring units are aligned and connected, and the connecting positions of the reinforcing steel bars are located between the two pouring units.
The scheme provides a specific manufacturing method of a pouring unit and a basic structure of the pouring unit, and a person skilled in the art knows that in the initial exploration process, the problem of cracking of a surface layer is often prevented by embedding a reinforcing mesh into the surface layer, but the embedding of the reinforcing mesh needs to be operated after concrete pouring is finished, and as the terrace is poured by a skip method, the pouring time difference between adjacent bins is 7 to 10 days, namely the solidification condition and the expansion condition of concrete between the adjacent bins are different, if the reinforcing mesh is laid on the whole terrace and the reinforcing mesh is embedded into the surface layer by 10mm to 15mm, the mechanical properties are different due to the difference of the solidification time of the concrete between the adjacent bins, the difficulty of embedding the reinforcing mesh into the surface layer is higher, the situation of inclination during embedding can also be caused, the anti-cracking performance of the surface layer is influenced to a certain extent, the pouring support template needs to be taken down if the whole reinforcing mesh is embedded, the settlement of the reinforcing mesh cannot be smoothly realized if the concrete is completely solidified, and the concrete is in a state of not being completely solidified when the reinforcing mesh is installed; however, at this time, due to the existence of the sub-bin gap and incomplete solidification of the concrete, in the process of leveling the concrete surface and embedding the reinforcing mesh into the surface layer by 10mm-15mm, the concrete at the sub-bin gap is easily damaged, and at this time, the subsequent repair is required, but the expansion cycle of the concrete to be repaired subsequently differs from that of the concrete poured in the early stage, and the repaired concrete is relatively fragile, so that the existing construction scheme has substantially large defects. In the scheme, the reinforcing mesh and the pouring unit are directly arranged into an integral structure, modular construction is adopted, and a method of pouring after the reinforcing mesh is preset is adopted, so that the problem that the surface layer of poured concrete is damaged by installing the reinforcing mesh can be thoroughly solved; and in the in-process of actually implementing, the outside of pouring the unit can all be worn out to the both ends homoenergetic of the reinforcing bar on each reinforcing bar net piece, and the reinforcing bar of adjacent unit of pouring can interconnect, that is to say, all pour the unit installation accomplish after, the reinforcing bar net piece that each pour in the unit is connected as a whole, then can guarantee the homogeneity that the terrace was pour, can improve the crack control ability of whole terrace.
In the scheme, the transverse side plates and the longitudinal side plates are C-shaped, the vertical plates of the transverse side plates and the longitudinal side plates form enclosing plates, the top horizontal plate forms a supporting top plate, the inclined steel bars for supporting are arranged below the supporting top plate, the top surface of the supporting top plate is flush with the top surface of a pouring surface layer after the pouring of the pouring unit is completed, the compressive strength of the supporting top plate is high, the compressive strength of the separated bin seam can be increased to a large extent, the concrete is completely shielded, and the protective effect on the separated bin seam pouring surface layer can be further achieved; the supporting and pressure-resisting performance of the bin dividing seam can be further improved.
In addition, in the scheme, the vertical plates of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate are provided with steel bar insertion holes, the hole diameters of the steel bar insertion holes are slightly larger than the outer diameters of the end parts of the steel bars, and the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate adopt insertion structures; the length of the transverse side plate is equal to that of the transverse reinforcing steel bars, and the length of the longitudinal side plate is equal to that of the longitudinal reinforcing steel bars, namely when the pouring units are placed, the reinforcing steel bars of adjacent pouring units can be connected, then the outer surfaces of adjacent enclosing plates are tightly attached, and at the moment, reinforcing steel bar inserting holes of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate are sleeved at the connecting positions of the reinforcing steel bars; therefore, the coaming that horizontal curb plate and vertical curb plate of this scheme are constituteed can also adapt to the flexible of concrete to reinforcing bar jack on the board can overlap and establish in reinforcing bar hookup location top, because the concatenation mode of reinforcing bar adopts two upper and lower appearances to have semi-cylindrical joint structure amalgamation for columniform mode, consequently reinforcing bar jack can play completely fixed effect to the hookup location department between two adjacent reinforcing bars, in order to guarantee steel bar connection's stability. It should be noted that in the prior art, gaps often exist among the sub-bins, and the sub-bin seams are easy to damage, so that in the prior art, the modes of inserting galvanized profiles into the sub-bin seams and the like are generally adopted, and the reinforcing steel bar connecting ends of the reinforcing steel bar net piece extending out of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can be connected, so that each reinforcing steel bar can play a role of the galvanized profiles in the prior art, and an additional sub-bin seam structure is not required to be additionally adopted in the sub-bin seams; and often need set up many limiting plates that are used for restricting concreting in the vertical direction removal among the current branch storehouse seam structure, and set up the reinforcing bar net piece in the unit of pouring between this scheme, reinforcing bar net piece itself just can restrict concreting in the ascending motion of vertical side to the reinforcing bar net piece can increase the dead weight of the unit of pouring, can enough increase the stability of concreting, avoids the fracture. Consequently, this scheme sets up reinforcing bar net piece and has played a plurality of effects: firstly, the reinforcing mesh originally laid on the top of the surface layer is pre-buried into the surface layer, so that the toughness of the surface layer can be improved, cracking can be avoided, and the pressure resistance can be improved; secondly, when the steel bars penetrating out of the steel bar net piece to the outer parts of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can be used for conveniently placing the pouring units, alignment and splicing are finished; thirdly, the connection of the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars in the steel bar net sheet is equivalent to the galvanized section bar which is arranged in the bin dividing seam in the prior art in a penetrating way; fourthly, the reinforcing mesh is arranged in the middle of the pouring units, the weight of each pouring unit is increased, pouring can be more stable, the reinforcing mesh can limit the movement of the poured concrete in the vertical direction, a certain damping effect is achieved, and cracking is further prevented.
The invention also provides an anti-cracking overhead terrace structure which is manufactured by adopting the anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method; include by lower supreme structure waterproof layer, the overhead layer, the surface course that set gradually, set up a plurality of units of pouring in the surface course, pour the unit and include: the steel bar net piece is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars at intervals in a transverse and longitudinal mode, and the end portions of the steel bars transversely and longitudinally arranged in the steel bar net piece penetrate through steel bar inserting holes in the surrounding plate and extend to the outside of the surrounding plate; the reinforcing steel bars between two adjacent pouring units can be aligned and connected.
Specifically, the one end that the bounding wall was kept away from to the roof support is connected with the slope reinforcing bar, the slope reinforcing bar is used for supporting the roof support, the other end and the contact of built on stilts layer top of slope reinforcing bar. The connecting sleeve is positioned in a connecting cylinder installation cavity formed in the surface of the surrounding plate. The sliding sleeve comprises a first sliding sleeve and a second sliding sleeve, sliding blocks are arranged inside the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve, the sliding blocks can slide in sliding grooves formed in the outer surface of the connecting sleeve along the axis direction of the connecting sleeve, a first cavity is formed in the inner wall of the first sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, a first spring is arranged in the first cavity, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first sliding sleeve; the inner wall of the second sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve are provided with a second cavity, a second spring is arranged in the second cavity, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second sliding sleeve.
For the convenience of distinguishing, the pouring unit needing to be poured for the first time is called a first pouring unit, and the pouring unit needing to be poured for the second time is called a second pouring unit; in the actual use process, a first pouring unit is placed above a hydrophobic plate to be poured, a connecting sleeve is sleeved on a first connecting end of a steel bar, a second pouring unit is placed on the hydrophobic plate, a second connecting end of the steel bar in the second pouring unit is inserted into the connecting sleeve, two ends of the connecting sleeve to be connected are in contact with the first pouring unit and a second poured enclosing plate, the first spring and the second spring are in a compressed state, the connecting sleeve is arranged in a connecting cylinder mounting cavity of two adjacent enclosing plates, the outer surfaces of the two enclosing plates are tightly attached, and a limiting baffle is arranged in the connecting cylinder mounting cavity; the other ends of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are contacted; at the moment, the first sliding sleeve has a thrust action towards the direction far away from the connecting sleeve on the enclosing plate of the first pouring unit under the action of the first spring, and the second sliding sleeve has a thrust action towards the direction far away from the connecting sleeve on the enclosing plate of the second pouring unit under the action of the second spring; after the first pouring unit is poured for the first time, the poured concrete can shrink under the action of factors such as temperature and the like, and the applicant finds that the poured concrete is difficult to avoid uneven conditions in the actual use process, the tensile stress generated by the concrete on all parts of the enclosing plate of the first pouring unit is different when the concrete shrinks, the enclosing plate is a movable plate and can move for a certain distance along with the shrinkage of the concrete, when the tensile stress is different, the enclosing plate can incline under the action of the uneven tensile stress, the gap width of the concrete in a bin is inconsistent, even the problem of different surface layer thicknesses is caused, the compression resistance of the surface layer is influenced, and local cracking can be caused at a thinner part; in the scheme, before pouring, the connecting sleeve and the end part of the sliding sleeve play a role in supporting and connecting the coamings of the first pouring unit and the second pouring unit, so that the problem of inclination of the coamings can be avoided, the sliding sleeve is in a state of rest after balance, after the first pouring is finished, the second pouring unit is in a state of rest and can fix the coamings of the second pouring unit, the poured concrete plays a role in tensile stress on the coamings of the first pouring unit, at the moment, the coamings of the first pouring unit are subjected to more tensile force, the balance is broken, the first spring is always in a compression state, so that the first spring provides a thrust effect on the coamings, when the coamings move towards the inside of the pouring unit, the end part of the sliding sleeve is always in contact with the outer surface of the limiting baffle and provides a thrust effect, so that the coamings are supported and restrained, the situation that the coaming inclines is avoided. After the first pouring unit is poured, the fixing state of the enclosing plate of the second pouring unit is released, and then the second pouring unit is poured, because the first pouring unit is poured, the coaming is in a static state, the poured concrete has a tensile stress effect on the coaming of the second pouring unit, the balance state of the coaming of the second pouring unit is broken, the coaming moves towards the center direction of the second pouring unit under the tensile stress effect of the concrete, the compression force applied to the compressed second spring is reduced, but because the enclosing plate is always in a compression state, the enclosing plate has the function of thrust, when the stress of the concrete at different positions of the same enclosing plate is different, the difference of the elastic force of the second spring due to the different compression amount can just compensate the stress difference of the concrete, so as to effectively reduce the inclination of the coaming caused by different tensile stress in the length direction of the side plate. Therefore, after the springs are added into the connecting sleeves, the problem that the stress action on the side plates of the enclosing plates in the length direction is different is reduced or balanced by utilizing the fact that the pushing force action on the enclosing plates is different in magnitude when the compression amount of the springs is different, and the problem that the widths of the bin dividing seams are different due to the difference of the moving distances of the enclosing plates in the concrete volume shrinkage process can be effectively reduced.
After the construction is finished, the thickness of the overhead layer is 10mm-20 mm; experiments show that when the thickness of the overhead layer is less than 10mm, the impermeable and moisture-proof effects of the overhead layer are poor, and when the thickness of the overhead layer is more than 20mm, the surface layer cracks seriously. A plurality of circular bosses which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the overhead layer, and the distance between the circular bosses is 20-30 mm; the ratio of the space between the circular bosses to the layer height of the overhead layer is 1.5: 1; the maximum hydrophobic space can be formed under the condition of ensuring the supporting effect, the best supporting embodiment is formed while the best effect is achieved, and the surface layer is not easy to generate surface layer and crack; the thickness of the surface layer is 80mm-120 mm; when the thickness is less than 8mm, the surface layer cracks seriously, and when the thickness is more than 120mm, the surface layer cracks seriously and the manufacturing cost is higher. The strength of the surface concrete is C30-C35, and the cracking phenomenon can be effectively reduced by adding certain fibers into the concrete. The steel bars in the surface layer are single-layer bidirectional steel bars or double-layer bidirectional steel bars, the distance between the steel bars is 100-150mm, and the best steel bar diameter is 8 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the assembled pouring units to carry out the bin-divided pouring, can save the steps of marking in advance, erecting and dismantling a pouring template in the existing bin-jumping pouring method, and omits the subsequent step of installing a reinforcing mesh, can save the construction process of site construction to a greater extent, can manufacture the pouring units in a factory in advance, can transport the pouring units to an installation place for direct splicing, and greatly reduces the construction difficulty.
2. The fabricated or assembled unit type pouring unit adopted by the invention can be just suitable for the construction steps of a cabin jump method, can eliminate the influence of early-stage temperature shrinkage stress on the poured terrace, and can play a certain anti-cracking effect
3. The invention sets a steel bar net sheet: firstly, the reinforcing mesh originally laid on the top of the surface layer is pre-buried into the surface layer, so that the toughness of the surface layer can be improved, cracking can be avoided, and the pressure resistance can be improved; secondly, when the steel bars penetrating out of the steel bar net piece to the outer parts of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can be used for conveniently placing the pouring units, alignment and splicing are finished; thirdly, the connection of the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars in the steel bar net sheet is equivalent to the galvanized section bar which is arranged in the bin dividing seam in the prior art in a penetrating way; fourthly, the reinforcing mesh is arranged in the middle of the pouring units, the weight of each pouring unit is increased, pouring can be more stable, the reinforcing mesh can limit the movement of the poured concrete in the vertical direction, a certain damping effect is achieved, and cracking is further prevented.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a part a in fig. 1, which is a schematic view of a splicing state between casting units;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 1, which is a schematic view showing a state where the casting units are assembled after the first casting;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a casting unit, which is a top view;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a casting unit;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of casting units, where the casting units with shadows are cast for the first time, and the casting units without shadows are cast for the second time.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-structural water-resistant layer; 2-an overhead layer; 3-surface layer; 4-pouring a unit; 41-enclosing plate; 411-connecting cylinder installation cavity; 42-supporting the top plate; 43-oblique reinforcing steel bars; 44-steel mesh; 441-a first connection end; 442-a second connection end; 45-supporting the reinforcing steel bars; 46-a socket; 5-connecting the sleeve; 51-a chute; 52-a sliding sleeve; 521-a first sliding sleeve; 522-a second sliding sleeve; 53-a spring; 531-first spring; 532-second spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 6, an anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method needs to manufacture a pouring unit 4 in advance in a factory according to a manufacturing method of the pouring unit 4 before the construction of the overhead terrace, and includes the following steps:
s1: adopting a plurality of reinforcing steel bars, placing the reinforcing steel bars vertically and horizontally and uniformly at intervals, wherein the lengths of the transverse reinforcing steel bars are equal, and the lengths of the longitudinal reinforcing steel bars are equal; binding the overlapped part of the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars to form a reticular steel bar net piece 44;
s2: manufacturing a transverse side plate and a longitudinal side plate with C-shaped sections, and respectively arranging steel bar jacks in the middle parts of vertical plates of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate; arranging inclined steel bars 43 for supporting on the top horizontal plate, and mutually connecting and reinforcing the bottom ends of the inclined steel bars 43 by using steel bars;
s3: adopting transverse side plates provided with steel bar jacks with the same number as the transverse steel bars, respectively arranging the transverse side plates on the lateral sides of the steel bar net sheet 44 in the transverse direction, and connecting the transverse side plates with the steel bar jacks through the transverse steel bars; the longitudinal side plates provided with the steel bar jacks with the same number as the longitudinal steel bars are adopted, are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the steel bar net piece 44 in the longitudinal direction and are connected with the steel bar jacks through the longitudinal steel bars; the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate are spliced, and both the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can move along the transverse steel bar or the longitudinal steel bar under the action of external force.
It should be noted that: the pouring units 4 can be preferably arranged in a square shape, the individual pouring units 4 at the edge of the terrace can be manufactured according to the actual shape of the terrace, and the surrounding plates 41 also form a square; when a top horizontal plate in the pouring unit 4 is just enclosed into a square annular supporting top plate 42, four corners of the enclosing plate 41 are splicing positions; when the pouring of the pouring units 4 is almost completed and the extension is almost completed, small compartment gaps are formed among the pouring units 4; the sub-bin gap at the moment can be used as an expansion joint which needs to be arranged in the later construction of the terrace, and waterproof materials can be filled in the sub-bin gap for ensuring the sub-bin gap.
In the specific construction process, the structural waterproof layer 1 needs to be manufactured according to the construction mode in the prior art, and then the following steps are carried out:
s2-1: laying a hydrophobic plate on the structural waterproof layer 1, wherein a circular boss of the hydrophobic plate faces downwards when the hydrophobic plate is laid;
s2-2: installing a plurality of manufactured pouring units 4 above the hydrophobic plate, wherein the installation areas of the pouring units 4 are required to cover the top surface of the waterproof layer 1 of the whole structure;
s2-3: grouting the spaced pouring units 4 for the pouring units 4 according to a cabin jumping method, and pouring the rest pouring units 4 after 7-10 days until the pouring units 4 are poured to form the surface layer 3.
Specifically, the actual construction steps of the scheme are as follows: firstly, the manufactured pouring units 4 are sequentially placed above the structural waterproof layer 1 with the hydrophobic plate, the pouring units 4 have a certain fixing effect on the hydrophobic plate, and a first connecting end 441 and a second connecting end 442 extending out of the steel bar between the two pouring units 4 are connected when the pouring units 4 are placed, so that the two steel bars cannot be separated due to the action force of the overlapped steel bars in the axial direction of the steel bars due to the heavier weight of the pouring units 4, and the structure is simple; after all the steel bars of the pouring unit 4 are lapped, the pouring unit 4 is poured for the first time by a cabin jumping method, the surface of the poured surface layer 3 is leveled after pouring is finished, after 7-10 days, the effect that the poured concrete has lateral tensile force on the enclosing plate 41 is found, the enclosing plate 41 is a movable plate, the enclosing plate 41 can be contracted towards the center of the pouring unit 4 according to concrete contraction, at the moment, cabin dividing seams are formed among the pouring units 4, and the steel bars connected in the cabin dividing seams can be used as galvanized sectional materials in the cabin dividing seam structure to play a role in connecting the pouring units 4.
Example 2:
participate in fig. 1 to 6, an anti-cracking aerial terrace structure, include by the structure waterproof layer 1 that sets gradually from lower supreme, the aerial layer 2, surface course 3, set up a plurality of units 4 of pouring in the surface course 3, it includes to pour unit 4: the steel bar net piece 44 is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars at intervals in a transverse and longitudinal mode, and the end portions of the steel bars transversely and longitudinally arranged in the steel bar net piece 44 penetrate through steel bar insertion holes in the surrounding plate 41 and extend to the outside of the surrounding plate 41; the reinforcing steel bars between two adjacent pouring units 4 can be aligned and connected; one end of the supporting top plate 42, which is far away from the surrounding plate 41, is connected with an inclined steel bar 43, the inclined steel bar 43 is used for supporting the supporting top plate 42, and the other end of the inclined steel bar 43 is in contact with the top of the overhead layer 2; the two ends of the steel bar are respectively a first connecting end 441 and a second connecting end 442. The mesh surface of the steel mesh sheet 44 is set to be in a horizontal state, and the steel bar insertion holes are located in the middle of the coaming 41; the supporting top plate 42 may be a steel plate.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the connecting sleeve 5 is a cylindrical tube, annular steps are cut at two ends of the connecting sleeve 5 around the circumferential edge of the connecting sleeve, sliding sleeves 52 are respectively sleeved outside the two ends of the connecting sleeve 5, the sliding sleeves 52 are both tubular, a slider is arranged inside the sliding sleeve 52, the slider is matched with a sliding groove 51 formed in the middle of the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 5, the length direction of the sliding groove 51 is consistent with the axial direction of the connecting sleeve 5, the slider can slide in the sliding groove 51, the sliding sleeve 52 comprises a first sliding sleeve 521 and a second sliding sleeve 522, a spring 53 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 52, a first cavity is formed between the first sliding sleeve 521 and the annular steps, a first spring 531 is arranged in the first cavity, and the bottom end of the first spring 531 is fixedly connected with the annular steps on the side surface of the connecting sleeve 5, the other end is fixed with the inner wall of the first sliding sleeve 521; a second cavity is formed between the second sliding sleeve 522 and the annular step, a second spring 532 is arranged in the second cavity, the bottom end of the second spring 532 is fixedly connected with the annular step on the side surface of the connecting sleeve 5, and the other end of the second spring 532 is fixed with the inner wall of the second sliding sleeve 522. In another embodiment, a first spring 531 with relatively high strength is arranged, the first spring 531 is sleeved in the first cavity of the connecting sleeve 5, one end of the first spring 531 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting sleeve 5, and the other end of the first spring 531 is connected with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 52; a second spring 532 with high strength is arranged, the second spring 532 is sleeved inside the second cavity of the connecting sleeve 5, one end of the second spring 532 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting sleeve 5, and the other end of the second spring 532 is connected with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 52.
The thickness of the overhead layer 2 is 10mm-20 mm; a plurality of circular bosses which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the overhead layer 2, and the distance between the circular bosses is 20-30 mm; the ratio of the space between the circular bosses to the layer height of the overhead layer 2 is 1.5: 1. The thickness of the surface layer 3 is 80mm-120 mm; the strength of the concrete of the surface layer 3 is C30-C35; the steel bars in the surface layer 3 are single-layer bidirectional steel bars or double-layer bidirectional steel bars, and the distance between the steel bars is 100-150 mm.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The anti-cracking overhead terrace construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: laying a hydrophobic plate on the structural waterproof layer (1), wherein a round boss of the hydrophobic plate faces downwards when the hydrophobic plate is laid;
s2: installing a plurality of manufactured pouring units (4) above the hydrophobic plate, wherein the installation areas of the pouring units (4) are required to cover the top surface of the waterproof layer (1) of the whole structure;
s2-1: adopting a plurality of reinforcing steel bars, placing the reinforcing steel bars vertically and horizontally and uniformly at intervals, wherein the lengths of the transverse reinforcing steel bars are equal, and the lengths of the longitudinal reinforcing steel bars are equal; binding the overlapped part of the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars to form a reticular steel bar mesh (44);
s2-2: manufacturing a transverse side plate and a longitudinal side plate with C-shaped sections, and respectively arranging steel bar jacks in the middle parts of vertical plates of the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate; an inclined steel bar (43) for supporting is arranged on the top horizontal plate, and the bottom ends of the inclined steel bars (43) are mutually connected and reinforced by the steel bars;
s2-3: the transverse side plates provided with the steel bar jacks with the same number as the transverse steel bars are adopted, are respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the steel bar net piece (44) in the transverse direction and are connected with the steel bar jacks through the transverse steel bars; longitudinal side plates provided with steel bar jacks with the same number as the longitudinal steel bars are adopted, the longitudinal side plates are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the longitudinal direction of the steel bar net piece (44), and are connected with the steel bar jacks through the longitudinal steel bars; the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate are spliced, and under the action of external force, the transverse side plate and the longitudinal side plate can move along the transverse steel bar or the longitudinal steel bar
S3: grouting the spaced pouring units (4) for the pouring units (4) according to a cabin jumping method, and pouring the rest pouring units (4) after 7-10 days until the pouring units (4) are poured to form the surface layer (3).
2. The utility model provides a terrace structure is maked somebody a mere figurehead to crack control, its characterized in that: the anti-cracking overhead terrace is manufactured by the construction method of the anti-cracking overhead terrace of the claim 1; include by lower supreme structure waterproof layer (1), overhead layer (2), surface course (3) that set gradually, set up a plurality of unit (4) of pouring in surface course (3), it includes to pour unit (4): the steel bar net piece (44) is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars at intervals in the transverse and longitudinal directions, and the end parts of the steel bars transversely and longitudinally arranged in the steel bar net piece (44) penetrate through steel bar inserting holes in the surrounding plate (41) and extend to the outside of the surrounding plate (41); the reinforcing steel bars between two adjacent pouring units (4) can be aligned and connected.
3. The anti-cracking overhead terrace structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the supporting roof (42) is far away from one end of the coaming (41) and is connected with an inclined steel bar (43), the inclined steel bar (43) is used for supporting the supporting roof (42), and the other end of the inclined steel bar (43) is in contact with the top of the overhead layer (2).
4. The anti-cracking overhead terrace structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting structure comprises a steel bar and is characterized in that a first connecting end (441) and a second connecting end (442) are arranged at two ends of the steel bar, a connecting sleeve (5) is sleeved on the first connecting end (441) and the second connecting end (442), and the connecting sleeve (5) is located in a connecting cylinder mounting cavity (411) formed in the surface of a surrounding plate (41).
5. The anti-cracking overhead terrace structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sliding sleeve (52) is sleeved at two ends of the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (5), the sliding sleeve (52) comprises a first sliding sleeve (521) and a second sliding sleeve (522), sliders are arranged inside the first sliding sleeve (521) and the second sliding sleeve (522), the sliders can slide in sliding grooves (51) formed in the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (5) along the axis direction of the connecting sleeve (5), a first cavity is formed in the inner wall of the first sliding sleeve (521) and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (5), a first spring (531) is arranged in the first cavity, one end of the first spring (531) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the connecting sleeve (5), and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first sliding sleeve (521); the inner wall of the second sliding sleeve (522) and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (5) are provided with a second cavity, a second spring (532) is arranged in the second cavity, one end of the second spring (532) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the connecting sleeve (5), and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second sliding sleeve (522).
6. An anti-cracking overhead terrace structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the thickness of the overhead layer (2) is 10mm-20 mm; a plurality of circular bosses which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the overhead layer (2), and the distance between the circular bosses is 20-30 mm; the ratio of the space between the circular bosses to the layer height of the overhead layer (2) is 1.5: 1.
7. An anti-cracking overhead terrace structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the thickness of the surface layer (3) is 80mm-120 mm; the strength of the concrete of the surface layer (3) is C30-C35; the steel bars in the surface layer (3) are single-layer bidirectional steel bars or double-layer bidirectional steel bars, and the distance between the steel bars is 100-150 mm.
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| TWI762359B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-04-21 | 久泰精業股份有限公司 | Pavement steel mesh support structure and its steel support frame |
| CN114263326B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-04-19 | 中联重科新材料科技有限公司 | Terrace isolation system and construction method thereof |
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