CN113201358A - Method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas - Google Patents
Method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN113201358A CN113201358A CN202110640314.8A CN202110640314A CN113201358A CN 113201358 A CN113201358 A CN 113201358A CN 202110640314 A CN202110640314 A CN 202110640314A CN 113201358 A CN113201358 A CN 113201358A
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- red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/16—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas, which comprises the following steps: washing the red mud to reduce the pH value of the red mud; drying the red mud, and calcining the dried red mud in the air condition to completely oxidize iron into ferric oxide to obtain activated red mud; putting the activated red mud and the organic solid waste into a reactor, carrying out pyrolysis on the organic solid waste at the temperature of 650-850 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, carrying generated pyrolysis gas into an area where the activated red mud is located by the introduced inert gas for partial or complete oxidation, and reducing ferric oxide in the activated red mud while obtaining micromolecular combustible gas; after the reaction is finished, the generated gas is subjected to gas washing by a gas washing bottle and then is collected, and combustible gas is obtained; the reduced red mud may be further processed to extract the iron contained therein. The method has low cost and simple process; can simultaneously treat various organic wastes to realize the waste treatment by waste; the organic solid waste has large gas production and high purity after being treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas.
Background
The red mud is a strongly alkaline solid waste generated when alumina is extracted from bauxite in the aluminum production industry, and generally, 1.5t to 2.5t of red mud is additionally generated when 1t of alumina is extracted. At present, the annual discharge amount of red mud in China already exceeds 1 hundred million tons, and the accumulated stock amount exceeds 2 hundred million tons. The disposal mode is generally damming and stacking, the comprehensive utilization rate is only 4%, a considerable part of red mud is not properly disposed, meanwhile, the stacking of a large amount of red mud not only occupies a large amount of land and space, the strong alkalinity of the red mud can also pollute the surrounding environment, the ecological environment of the stacking place is seriously damaged, and the secondary resources contained in the red mud cannot be effectively utilized. The method brings serious environmental pressure to the aluminum production industry, the environmental danger of red mud stacking is increasingly paid attention to the aluminum production industry and government departments, and the comprehensive utilization of the red mud is an effective method for solving the environmental risk of the red mud.
Since the comprehensive utilization of red mud is greatly restricted due to the characteristics of red mud, in the past studies, red mud is often used as a building material such as cement and roadbed, and can be used in large quantities, but iron elements contained in red mud, which are mainly iron oxide, are not effectively recovered and utilized, but are directly mixed therein. In the research of extracting effective metals from reduced red mud, the reducing agent usually adopts resources such as coke, coal, hydrogen and the like, although iron is extracted, a considerable amount of reducing agent is consumed in the process, and other pollutants may be discharged. Not only increases the cost investment of comprehensive utilization of the red mud, but also can cause secondary pollution to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for producing the combustible gas by reducing the red mud by using the organic solid waste pyrolysis gas, and the method can better realize the comprehensive utilization of the red mud.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud with organic solid waste pyrolysis gas comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the obtained red mud to ensure that the pH value is 7-9;
(2) drying the red mud, and calcining at 800-1000 ℃ in air to completely oxidize iron into ferric oxide to obtain activated red mud;
(3) putting activated red mud and organic solid waste into a reactor, carrying out pyrolysis on the organic solid waste at the temperature of 650-850 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, carrying generated pyrolysis gas into an activated red mud reaction area by introduced inert gas for partial or complete oxidation, and fully reducing ferric oxide in the activated red mud while obtaining micromolecular combustible gas;
(4) after the reaction is finished, the generated gas is subjected to gas washing by a gas washing bottle and then is collected, and the obtained combustible gas can be sold as a commodity or an industrial raw material; the reduced red mud can enter the next treatment flow to extract high-value metal elements such as iron and the like contained in the red mud, so that the comprehensive utilization of the red mud is realized.
In the above technical solution, further, in the step (3), the organic solid wastes are polyethylene powder, polypropylene, polystyrene, and the like.
The invention principle of the invention is as follows:
the red mud and the organic solid waste are used as raw materials, a lot of organic products are generated after the organic solid waste is pyrolyzed, the products have certain reducibility, the generated reducibility product pyrolysis gas passes through the treated red mud at a certain temperature, components in the reducibility pyrolysis gas are oxidized by oxidizing components in the red mud, long-chain hydrocarbons are broken to generate more micromolecule combustible gases, meanwhile, the red mud is reduced, generally, combustible gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane can be generated, the carbon dioxide in the combustible gases is removed to obtain relatively pure micromolecule combustible gases, and the micromolecules can be reused to generate value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) low cost and simple process. The method adopts the organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce the red mud, and the required raw materials are all low-value wastes, so that a special reducing agent does not need to be prepared. And the whole process flow is simple, and the required conditions can be easily realized.
2) Can simultaneously treat various organic wastes, produce high-value products and realize the waste treatment by wastes. In the invention, the iron element can be easily extracted after the iron element in the red mud is reduced, and the waste slag after the iron extraction can also be used as an additive of building materials such as cement and the like, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of the red mud is improved. And the organic solid waste which is difficult to treat before can generate high-value combustible gas after being treated under proper treatment conditions, thereby achieving two purposes.
3) The organic solid waste has large gas production and high purity after being treated. After 0.5g of polyethylene is treated by the method, more than 700ml of gas can be generated, wherein the total content of methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be more than 70%. And almost all impurities in the gas are carbon dioxide and water generated by over-oxidation, and pure combustible gas can be obtained after simple impurity removal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The process of the invention can be carried out in a number of ways, either in the same reactor or in a number of reactors. In the 4 examples given below, example 1 and example 2 were carried out using two reactors, and example 3 and example 4 were carried out using one reactor.
Example 1
Selecting red mud, cleaning the red mud until the pH value is 7-9, drying the red mud at 105 ℃ until the red mud is completely dried, grinding the red mud, and calcining the red mud at 900 ℃ in air to completely convert iron components in the red mud into iron oxide.
And adding the treated organic solid waste and the activated red mud into a reactor which is heated to the required temperature and filled with inert gas, quickly pyrolyzing the organic solid waste at high temperature to release pyrolysis gas, then passing the pyrolysis gas through a red mud reaction zone to generate micromolecular combustible gas, and simultaneously reducing the red mud. The organic solid waste refers to polyethylene powder, the inert gas refers to nitrogen, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene powder to the red mud is 1: 16, uniformly mixing the red mud and the quartz sand with the same quantity, and respectively filling the mixture into two quartz reactors (the mixed quartz sand is used for prolonging the length of a red mud section), wherein only one half of each quartz reactor is filled; fully mixing organic solid waste and a mixture of half of red mud and quartz sand, and filling the mixture into a first reactor, wherein the pyrolysis temperature of the organic solid waste and the reaction temperature of the red mud in the first reactor are both 850 ℃; the reaction temperature of the red mud in the second reactor is 900 ℃.
And gas generated after reaction is washed by a gas washing bottle and then is collected and stored, and the reduced red mud is collected and waits for the next step of comprehensive utilization.
The combustible gas produced by the method comprises 27% of carbon dioxide, 26% of carbon monoxide, 32% of hydrogen, 16% of methane and 0.5g of polyethylene, and 536ml of combustible gas is produced.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the reaction temperature of the red mud in the second reactor is 750 ℃.
The combustible gas produced by the method comprises 34% of carbon dioxide, 3% of carbon monoxide, 15% of hydrogen, 35% of methane, 11% of ethylene and 286ml of combustible gas produced by 0.5g of polyethylene.
It is understood from examples 1 and 2 that more combustible gas is generated when the reaction temperature of the red mud is 900 ℃.
Example 3
Selecting red mud, cleaning the red mud until the pH value is 7-9, drying the red mud at 105 ℃ until the red mud is completely dried, grinding the red mud, and calcining the red mud at 840 ℃ in air to completely convert iron components in the red mud into iron oxide.
And adding the treated organic solid waste and the activated red mud into a reactor which is heated to the required temperature and filled with inert gas, quickly pyrolyzing the organic solid waste at high temperature to release pyrolysis gas, then passing the pyrolysis gas through a red mud reaction zone to generate micromolecular combustible gas, and simultaneously reducing the red mud. The organic solid waste refers to polyethylene powder, the inert gas refers to nitrogen, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene powder to the red mud is 1:8, the pyrolysis temperature is 650 ℃, and the temperature of the red mud reaction section is 650 ℃.
The gas generated after the reaction passes through CH2Cl2And the gas is collected and stored after being washed by the gas washing bottle, and the reduced red mud is collected and waits for the next step of comprehensive utilization.
The combustible gas produced by the method contains 22% of carbon dioxide, 2% of carbon monoxide, 9% of hydrogen, 20% of methane, 30% of ethylene and 6% of ethane. 0.5g polyethylene produced 214ml of combustible gas.
Example 4
Selecting red mud, cleaning the red mud until the pH value is 7-9, drying the red mud at 105 ℃ until the red mud is completely dried, grinding the red mud, and calcining the red mud at 840 ℃ in air to completely convert iron components in the red mud into iron oxide.
And fully mixing the treated organic solid waste and the activated red mud, adding the mixture into a reactor which is heated to the required temperature and filled with inert gas, pyrolyzing the organic solid waste to generate micromolecular combustible gas, and reducing the red mud. The organic solid waste refers to polyethylene powder, the inert gas refers to nitrogen, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene powder to the red mud is 1:8, the pyrolysis temperature is 750 ℃, and the temperature of the red mud reaction section is 750 ℃.
The gas generated after the reaction passes through CH2Cl2And the gas is collected and stored after being washed by the gas washing bottle, and the reduced red mud is collected and waits for the next step of comprehensive utilization.
The combustible gas produced by the method contains 20% of carbon dioxide, 3% of carbon monoxide, 15% of hydrogen, 31% of methane, 26% of ethylene and 3% of ethane. 0.5g of polyethylene produced 303ml of combustible gas.
Claims (6)
1. A method for producing combustible gas by reducing red mud with organic solid waste pyrolysis gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) washing the red mud to reduce the pH value of the red mud;
(2) drying the cleaned red mud, and then calcining the dried red mud in the air condition to completely oxidize iron into ferric oxide to obtain activated red mud;
(3) putting the activated red mud and the organic solid waste into a reactor, carrying out pyrolysis on the organic solid waste at the temperature of 650-850 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, carrying generated pyrolysis gas into an area where the activated red mud is located by the introduced inert gas for partial or complete oxidation, and fully reducing ferric oxide in the activated red mud while obtaining micromolecular combustible gas;
(4) after the reaction is finished, the generated gas is subjected to gas washing by a gas washing bottle and then is collected, and combustible gas is obtained; the reduced red mud is further treated to extract the iron contained therein.
2. The method for producing combustible gas by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce red mud according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the cleaned red mud is 7-9.
3. The method for producing combustible gas by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce red mud according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature for calcining red mud under the air condition is 800-1000 ℃.
4. The method for producing combustible gas by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce red mud according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature for calcining red mud under air condition is 900 ℃.
5. The method for producing combustible gas by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce red mud according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the organic solid waste is polyethylene powder, polypropylene or polystyrene.
6. The method for producing combustible gas by using organic solid waste pyrolysis gas to reduce red mud according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the activated red mud to the organic solid waste is 1: 8-20.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114940914A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-26 | 山东大学 | System and process for biomass pyrolysis and red mud reduction |
| CN115555389A (en) * | 2022-09-12 | 2023-01-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Cooperative treatment method for refractory organic waste and red mud |
| CN116622415A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-22 | 华中农业大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by grading conversion of rubber and plastic solid waste by utilizing red mud |
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